ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Daniel Kraft - Physician scientist
Daniel Kraft is a physician-scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and chair of Exponential Medicine and has served as faculty chair for Medicine at Singularity University since its inception, exploring the impact and potential of rapidly developing technologies as applied to health and medicine.

Why you should listen

Dr. Daniel Kraft is a Stanford and Harvard trained physician-scientist with more than 25 years of experience in clinical practice, biomedical research and innovation. He is Faculty Chair for Medicine at Singularity University and is the founder and chair for Exponential Medicine, a program which explores convergent, rapidly developing technologies and their potential to reshape the future of health and biomedicine.

After medical school at Stanford, Kraft was board certified in both Internal Medicine and Pediatrics following residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital & Boston Children's Hospital, and he completed Stanford fellowships in hematology/oncology & bone marrow transplantation. He is a member of the inaugural class of Aspen Institute Health Innovators Fellows.

Kraft has extensive research in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine with multiple scientific publications, medical device, immunology and stem cell-related patents through faculty positions with Stanford University School of Medicine and as clinical faculty for the pediatric bone marrow transplantation service at University of California San Francisco. 

Kraft recently founded IntelliMedicine, focused on connected, data-driven and integrated personalized medicine. He is the inventor of the MarrowMiner, an FDA-approved device for the minimally invasive harvest of bone marrow, and he founded RegenMed Systems, a company developing technologies to enable adult stem cell-based regenerative therapies. He is an advisor the XPRIZE (having conceived of the Medical Tricorder XPRIZE and is helping lead a new Cancer focused prize), and advises several digital health and technology companies.

Kraft is an avid pilot and served for 14 years as an officer and flight surgeon with F-15 and F-16 fighter squadrons in the Air National Guard. He has conducted research on aerospace medicine that was published with NASA, with whom he was a finalist for astronaut selection.

More profile about the speaker
Daniel Kraft | Speaker | TED.com
TED2009

Daniel Kraft: A better way to harvest bone marrow

Daniel Kraft opfinder en bedre måde at høste knoglemarv

Filmed:
525,001 views

Daniel Kraft demonstrerer sin Marvgraver -- et nyt apparat, der hurtigt høster livreddende knoglemarv med minimal smerte for donoren. Han understreger, at voksenstamcellerne i knoglemarv kan bruges til at behandle mange terminaltilstande fra Parkinsons til hjertesygdom.
- Physician scientist
Daniel Kraft is a physician-scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and chair of Exponential Medicine and has served as faculty chair for Medicine at Singularity University since its inception, exploring the impact and potential of rapidly developing technologies as applied to health and medicine. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
So I am a pediatricPediatric cancerKræft doctorlæge
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Jeg er speciallæge i børnecancer
00:21
and stem-cellstamcelle researcherforsker at StanfordStanford UniversityUniversitet
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og forsker i stamceller på Stanford Universitet,
00:25
where my clinicalklinisk focusfokus has been boneknogle marrowmarv transplantationtransplantation.
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hvor mit kliniske fokus har været knoglemarvstransplantation.
00:28
Now, inspiredinspireret by JillJill BolteBolte TaylorTaylor last yearår,
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Inspireret af Jill Bolte Taylor sidste år
00:30
I didn't bringtage med a humanhuman brainhjerne,
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tog jeg ikke en hjerne med,
00:32
but I did bringtage med a literliter of boneknogle marrowmarv.
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men jeg tog en liter knoglemarv.
00:35
And boneknogle marrowmarv is actuallyrent faktisk what we use
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Og knoglemarv bruger vi faktisk
00:38
to saveGemme the livesliv of tenstiere of thousandstusinder of patientspatienter,
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til at redde titusindvis af patienters liv,
00:40
mostmest of whomhvem have advancedfremskreden malignanciesmaligne sygdomme like leukemialeukæmi and lymphomalymfom
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hvoraf de fleste har fremskredne lidelser som leukæmi og lymfoma
00:43
and some other diseasessygdomme.
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og andre sygdomme.
00:45
So, a few yearsflere år agosiden, I'm doing my transplanttransplantation fellowshipFellowship at StanfordStanford.
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For et par år siden er jeg transplantations-fellow på Stanford.
00:49
I'm in the operatingdrift roomværelse. We have BobBob here,
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Jeg er på operationsstuen. Her har vi Bob,
00:51
who is a volunteerfrivillig donordonor.
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der er frivillig donor.
00:53
We're sendingsende his marrowmarv acrosset kors the countryLand to saveGemme the life
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Vi sender hans marv på tværs af landet for at redde
00:55
of a childbarn with leukemialeukæmi.
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et leukæmiramt barn.
00:57
So actuallyrent faktisk how do we harvesthøst this boneknogle marrowmarv?
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Hvordan høster vi knoglemarv?
00:59
Well we have a wholehel O.R. teamhold, generalgenerel anesthesiaanæstesi, nursessygeplejersker,
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Vi har et operationshold, anæstesi, sygeplejersker
01:03
and anotheren anden doctorlæge acrosset kors from me.
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og en anden læge foran mig.
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Bob'sBobs on the tabletabel, and we take this sortsortere of smalllille needlenål,
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Bob er på bordet, og vi tager denne lille nål,
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you know, not too bigstor.
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ikke særlig stor.
01:09
And the way we do this is we basicallyi bund og grund
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Og grundlæggende placerer vi
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placeplacere this throughigennem the softblød tissuevæv,
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den gennem det bløde væv
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and kindvenlig of punchpunch it into the hardhårdt boneknogle,
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og presser den ind i den hårde knogle
01:15
into the tuchustuchus -- that's a technicalteknisk termsemester --
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ind i tuchus -- det er et fagord --
01:17
and aspirateaspirat about 10 mlsMLS of boneknogle marrowmarv out,
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og suger omkring 10 ml knoglemarv ud
01:21
eachhver time, with a syringesprøjte.
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hver gang med en kanyle.
01:23
And handhånd it off to the nurseamme. She squirtssprøjter it into a tintin.
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Og giver det til sygeplejersken. Hun sprøjter det i en dåse.
01:26
HandsHænder it back to me. And we do that again and again.
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Giver mig den. Og vi gør det igen og igen.
01:29
About 200 timesgange usuallysom regel.
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Omkring 200 gange.
01:31
And by the endende of this my armarm is soreømme, I've got a callushård hud on my handhånd,
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Og til sidst er min arm øm, jeg får hård hud på hånden,
01:33
let alonealene BobBob,
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for ikke at tale om Bob,
01:35
whosehvis rearbag- endende looksudseende something more like this,
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hvis bagdel mere ligner dette,
01:37
like SwissSchweiziske cheeseost.
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Schweizisk ost.
01:39
So I'm thinkingtænker, you know, this procedureprocedure hasn'thar ikke changedændret in about 40 yearsflere år.
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Så jeg tænker, denne procedure har været uforandret i 40 år.
01:43
And there is probablysandsynligvis a better way to do this.
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Der er nok en bedre fremgangsmåde.
01:45
So I thought of a minimallyminimalt invasiveinvasive approachnærme sig,
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Jeg kom på en minimalt invasiv metode
01:48
and a newny deviceenhed that we call the MarrowMarv MinerMinearbejder.
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og et nyt apparat, vi kalder Marvgraveren.
01:50
This is it.
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Her er den.
01:52
And the MarrowMarv MinerMinearbejder, the way it worksarbejder is shownvist here.
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Her kan I se hvordan Marvgraveren virker.
01:55
Our standardstandard see-throughSe-through patientpatient.
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Vores standard gennemsigtige patient.
01:57
InsteadI stedet of enteringindtastning the boneknogle dozenssnesevis of timesgange,
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Frem for at trænge ind i knoglen dusinvis af gange,
01:59
we entergå ind just onceenkelt gang, into the frontforan of the hiphofte or the back of the hiphofte.
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kan vi trænge ind én gang, ind i hoften forfra eller bagfra.
02:01
And we have a flexiblefleksibel, powereddrevne catheterkateter
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Og vi har et fleksibelt, eldrevet kateter
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with a specialsærlig wiretråd loopløkke tiptip that staysophold insideinde the crunchyknasende parten del of the marrowmarv
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med en speciel rund ledningsspids, der bliver i marvens knasende del
02:07
and followsfølger the contourskonturer of the hiphofte, as it movesflytter sig around.
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og følger hoftens konturer, mens den bevæger sig rundt.
02:10
So it enablesgør det muligt for you to very rapidlyhurtigt aspirateaspirat,
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Den muliggør hurtigt at opsuge
02:12
or sucksuge out, richrig boneknogle marrowmarv very quicklyhurtigt throughigennem one holehul.
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eller udsuge rig knoglemarv hurtigt gennem ét hul.
02:15
We can do multiplemange passesgennemløb throughigennem that samesamme entryindgang.
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Vi kan tage flere runder gennem den ene indgang.
02:17
No robotsrobotter requiredpåkrævet.
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Uden robotter.
02:19
And, so, very quicklyhurtigt, BobBob can just get one puncturepunktering, locallokal anesthesiaanæstesi,
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Derfor kan Bob nøjes med ét hul, lokalbedøvelse
02:22
and do this harvesthøst as an outpatientambulante.
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og blive høstet som ambulant patient.
02:26
So I did a few prototypesprototyper. I got a smalllille little grantgive at StanfordStanford.
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Jeg lavede nogle prototyper. Jeg fik et lille stipendium fra Stanford.
02:29
And playedspillet around with this a little bitbit.
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Og legede lidt med denne.
02:31
And our teamhold membersmedlemmer developedudviklede sig this technologyteknologi.
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Vores hold udviklede teknologien.
02:33
And eventuallytil sidst we got two largestor animalsdyr, and pigsvin studiesundersøgelser.
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Endelig fik vi to store dyr og forsøg med grise.
02:37
And we foundfundet, to our surpriseoverraskelse, that we not only got boneknogle marrowmarv out,
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Vi fandt, at vi ikke kun fik knoglemarv ud
02:39
but we got 10 timesgange the stemstilk cellcelle activityaktivitet
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men vi fik 10 gange højere stamcelleaktivitet
02:42
in the marrowmarv from the MarrowMarv MinerMinearbejder, comparedsammenlignet to the normalnormal deviceenhed.
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i marven fra Marvgraveren, i forhold til det normale apparat.
02:44
This deviceenhed was just FDAFDA approvedgodkendt in the last yearår.
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Apparatet her blev godkendt sidste år.
02:47
Here is a livelevende patientpatient. You can see it followingfølge the flexiblefleksibel curveskurver around.
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Her er en levende patient. I kan se, det følger kurverne.
02:50
There will be two passesgennemløb here, in the samesamme patientpatient, from the samesamme holehul.
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Her er to runder fra samme patient, samme hul.
02:53
This was doneFærdig underunder locallokal anesthesiaanæstesi, as an outpatientambulante.
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Dette blev gjort under lokalbedøvelse som ambulant patient.
02:55
And we got, again, about threetre to sixseks timesgange more stemstilk cellsceller
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Igen fik vi omkring tre til seks gange flere stamceller
02:58
than the standardstandard approachnærme sig doneFærdig on the samesamme patientpatient.
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end standardfremgangsmåden på samme patient.
03:01
So why should you careomsorg? BoneKnogle marrowmarv is a very richrig sourcekilde of adultvoksen stemstilk cellsceller.
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Hvorfor skulle I kere jer? Knoglemarv er en rig kilde til voksenstamceller.
03:04
You all know about embryonicembryonale stemstilk cellsceller.
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I kender alle embryoniske stamceller.
03:06
They'veDe har got great potentialpotentiel but haven'thar ikke yetendnu enteredindtastet clinicalklinisk trialsforsøg.
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De har stort potentiale, men er endnu ikke i kliniske forsøg.
03:09
AdultVoksen stemstilk cellsceller are throughouthele vejen igennem our bodylegeme,
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Voksenstamceller er i hele kroppen,
03:11
includinginklusive the blood-formingbloddannende stemstilk cellsceller in our boneknogle marrowmarv,
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også bloddannende stamceller er i vores knoglemarv,
03:13
whichhvilken we'vevi har been usingved brug af as a formform of stem-cellstamcelle therapyterapi
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som vi har benyttet som en art stamcelleterapi
03:15
for over 40 yearsflere år.
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i over 40 år.
03:17
In the last decadeårti there's been an explosioneksplosion of use
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I det seneste årti har der været en eksplosion i brugen
03:20
of boneknogle marrowmarv stemstilk cellsceller to treatbehandle the patient'spatientens other diseasessygdomme
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af knoglemarvsstamceller for at behandle patientens andre sygdomme
03:23
suchsådan as hearthjerte diseasesygdom, vascularvaskulær diseasesygdom,
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som hjerte-kar-sygdomme,
03:25
orthopedicsortopædi, tissuevæv engineeringingeniørarbejde,
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ortopædi, vævsmanipulation,
03:27
even in neurologyneurologi to treatbehandle Parkinson'sParkinsons
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selv i neurologi til at behandle Parkinsons
03:29
and diabetesdiabetes.
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og diabetes.
03:31
We'veVi har just come out, we're commercializingkommercialisering, this yearår,
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Vi er lige udkommet, vi kommercialiserer i år
03:33
generationgeneration 2.0 of the MarrowMarv MinerMinearbejder.
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generation 2,0 af Marvgraveren.
03:35
The hopehåber is that this getsfår more stemstilk cellsceller out,
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Håbet er, at dette får flere stamceller ud,
03:37
whichhvilken translatesOversætter to better outcomesudfald.
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hvilket viser sig i bedre udfald.
03:39
It maykan encouragetilskynde more people to signskilt up to be
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Det kan opfordre flere til at skrive sig op til at være
03:41
potentialpotentiel live-savingLive-besparelse boneknogle marrowmarv donorsdonorer.
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potentielt livreddende knoglemarvsdonorer.
03:43
It maykan even enablegøre det muligt for you to bankbank
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Det muliggør måske at sætte
03:45
your ownegen marrowmarv stemstilk cellsceller, when you're youngeryngre and healthiersundere,
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sin marvstamceller i banken, mens man er yngre og raskere
03:47
to use in the futurefremtid should you need it.
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til brug i fremtiden, skulle det blive nødvendigt.
03:50
And ultimatelyultimativt -- and here'sher er a picturebillede of our
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Og ultimativt -- her er et billede af vores
03:52
boneknogle marrowmarv transplanttransplantation survivorsoverlevende,
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knoglemarvstransplantations-overlevende,
03:54
who come togethersammen for a reunionReunion eachhver yearår at StanfordStanford.
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som kommer sammen til en genforening hvert år på Stanford.
03:56
HopefullyForhåbentlig this technologyteknologi will let us
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Forhåbentlig vil denne teknologi lade os
03:58
have more of these survivorsoverlevende in the futurefremtid.
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have flere af disse overlevende i fremtiden.
04:00
ThanksTak.
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Tak.
04:02
(ApplauseBifald)
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(Bifald)

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Daniel Kraft - Physician scientist
Daniel Kraft is a physician-scientist, inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder and chair of Exponential Medicine and has served as faculty chair for Medicine at Singularity University since its inception, exploring the impact and potential of rapidly developing technologies as applied to health and medicine.

Why you should listen

Dr. Daniel Kraft is a Stanford and Harvard trained physician-scientist with more than 25 years of experience in clinical practice, biomedical research and innovation. He is Faculty Chair for Medicine at Singularity University and is the founder and chair for Exponential Medicine, a program which explores convergent, rapidly developing technologies and their potential to reshape the future of health and biomedicine.

After medical school at Stanford, Kraft was board certified in both Internal Medicine and Pediatrics following residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital & Boston Children's Hospital, and he completed Stanford fellowships in hematology/oncology & bone marrow transplantation. He is a member of the inaugural class of Aspen Institute Health Innovators Fellows.

Kraft has extensive research in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine with multiple scientific publications, medical device, immunology and stem cell-related patents through faculty positions with Stanford University School of Medicine and as clinical faculty for the pediatric bone marrow transplantation service at University of California San Francisco. 

Kraft recently founded IntelliMedicine, focused on connected, data-driven and integrated personalized medicine. He is the inventor of the MarrowMiner, an FDA-approved device for the minimally invasive harvest of bone marrow, and he founded RegenMed Systems, a company developing technologies to enable adult stem cell-based regenerative therapies. He is an advisor the XPRIZE (having conceived of the Medical Tricorder XPRIZE and is helping lead a new Cancer focused prize), and advises several digital health and technology companies.

Kraft is an avid pilot and served for 14 years as an officer and flight surgeon with F-15 and F-16 fighter squadrons in the Air National Guard. He has conducted research on aerospace medicine that was published with NASA, with whom he was a finalist for astronaut selection.

More profile about the speaker
Daniel Kraft | Speaker | TED.com