TED2017
Daan Roosegaarde: A smog vacuum cleaner and other magical city designs
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Daan Roosegaarde uses technology and creative thinking to produce imaginative, earth-friendly designs. He presents his latest projects -- from a bike path in Eindhoven, where he reinterpreted "The Starry Night" to get people thinking about green energy, to Beijing, where he developed a smog vacuum cleaner to purify the air in local parks, to a dance floor that generates electricity to power a DJ booth. Check out Roosegaarde's vision for a future where creativity is our true capital.
Daan Roosegaarde - Artist
With his futuristic artworks, Daan Roosegaarde illuminates the intersection of technology, humanity and our urban environments. Full bio
With his futuristic artworks, Daan Roosegaarde illuminates the intersection of technology, humanity and our urban environments. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Do you remember
these glow-in-the-dark little stars
these glow-in-the-dark little stars
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which you had on the ceiling
when you were a boy or a girl?
when you were a boy or a girl?
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Yes?
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It is light.
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It is pure light.
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I think I stared at them way too long
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when I was a five-year-old, you know?
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It's so beautiful:
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no energy bill, no maintenance.
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It is there.
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So two years ago, we went back to the lab,
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making it more durable,
more light-emitting,
more light-emitting,
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with the experts.
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And at the same time,
we got a request from this guy --
we got a request from this guy --
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Van Gogh, the famous
Van Gogh Foundation --
Van Gogh Foundation --
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who wanted to celebrate
his 125th anniversary in the Netherlands.
his 125th anniversary in the Netherlands.
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And they came to me and asked,
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"Can you make a place
where he feels more alive again
where he feels more alive again
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in the Netherlands?"
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And I liked that question a lot,
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so in way,
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we sort of started to connect
these two different worlds.
these two different worlds.
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This is how my brain works,
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by the way.
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(Laughter)
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I would love to keep on
doing this for an hour,
doing this for an hour,
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but OK --
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(Laughter)
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And this is the result that we made:
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a bicycle path which charges
at daytime via the sun
at daytime via the sun
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and glows at night, up to eight hours.
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(Applause)
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Thank you.
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... hinting towards a future
which should be energy friendly
which should be energy friendly
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and linking up the local grounds
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as Van Gogh literally walked
and lived there in 1883.
and lived there in 1883.
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And you can go there every night
for free, no ticket needed.
for free, no ticket needed.
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People experience the beauty
of cycling through the starry night,
of cycling through the starry night,
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thinking about green energy and safety.
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I want to create places
where people feel connected again.
where people feel connected again.
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And it was somehow great
to make these projects happen
to make these projects happen
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with the industry,
with the infrastructure companies.
with the infrastructure companies.
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So when these sheikhs of Qatar
started to call:
started to call:
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"How much for 10 kilometers?"
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(Laughter)
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Yeah, really, that's a weird call
you're going to get.
you're going to get.
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But it's fascinating
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that this is not just a sort
of one-off, nice-to-have special.
of one-off, nice-to-have special.
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I think this kind of creative thinking,
these kinds of connections --
these kinds of connections --
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it's the new economy.
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The World Economic Forum,
the think tank in Geneva,
the think tank in Geneva,
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did an interview
with a lot of smart people
with a lot of smart people
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all around the world,
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asking, "What are the top 10 skills
you and I need to become successful?"
you and I need to become successful?"
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And what is interesting,
what you see here:
what you see here:
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it's not about money
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or being really good in C++,
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although these are great skills
to have, I have to admit.
to have, I have to admit.
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But look at number three, creativity;
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number two, critical thinking;
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number one, complex problem-solving --
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all the things a robot or a computer
is really bad at.
is really bad at.
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And this makes me very optimistic,
very hopeful for the new world,
very hopeful for the new world,
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that as we will live
in this hyper-technological world,
in this hyper-technological world,
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our human skills --
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our desire for empathy,
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our desire for curiosity,
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our desire for beauty --
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will be more appreciated again,
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and we will live in a world
where creativity is our true capital.
where creativity is our true capital.
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And a creative process like that --
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I don't know how it works for you,
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but in my brain, it always starts
with a question:
with a question:
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Why?
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Why does a jellyfish emit light?
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Or a firefly?
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Or why do be accept pollution?
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This is from my room
in Beijing three years ago.
in Beijing three years ago.
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Left image is a good day -- Saturday.
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I can see the cars
and the people, the birds;
and the people, the birds;
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life is OK in a dense urban city.
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And on the right image --
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holy moly.
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Pollution -- complete layers.
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I couldn't even see
the other side of the city.
the other side of the city.
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And this image made me really sad.
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This is not the bright future
we envision here at TED --
we envision here at TED --
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this is the horror.
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We live five to six years shorter;
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children have lung cancer
when they're six years old.
when they're six years old.
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And so in a weird, beautiful way,
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I, at that moment, became inspired
by Beijing smog.
by Beijing smog.
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And the governments all around the world
are fighting their war on smog,
are fighting their war on smog,
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but I wanted to make something
within the now.
within the now.
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So we decided to build
the largest smog vacuum cleaner
the largest smog vacuum cleaner
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in the world.
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It sucks up polluted air, cleans it
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and then releases it.
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And we built the first one.
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So it sucks up 30,000
cubic meters per hour,
cubic meters per hour,
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cleans it on the nano level --
the PM2.5, PM10 particles --
the PM2.5, PM10 particles --
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using very little electricity,
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and then releases the clean air,
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so we have parks, playgrounds,
which are 55 to 75 percent more clean
which are 55 to 75 percent more clean
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than the rest of the city.
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(Applause)
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Yes!
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(Applause)
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And every month or so,
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it opens like a spaceship --
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like a Marilyn Monroe with the --
well, you know what.
well, you know what.
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Anyway.
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(Laughter)
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So this ...
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this is the stuff we are capturing.
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This is Beijing smog.
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This is in our lungs right now.
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If you live next to a highway,
it's the same as 17 cigarettes per day.
it's the same as 17 cigarettes per day.
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Are we insane?
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When did we say yes to that?
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And we had buckets
of this disgusting material
of this disgusting material
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in our studio,
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05:00
and on a Monday morning,
we were discussing, we were like,
we were discussing, we were like,
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"Shit, what should we do with it?
Should we throw it away?"
Should we throw it away?"
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Like, "Help!"
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And then we realized:
no, no, no, no, no --
no, no, no, no, no --
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waste should not exist.
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Waste for the one should be
food for the other.
food for the other.
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So, here, maybe show it around.
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Do not put this in your coffee.
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(Laughter)
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And we realized that 42 percent
is made out of carbon,
is made out of carbon,
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and carbon, of course,
under high pressure,
under high pressure,
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you get ...
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diamonds.
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So, inspired by that,
we compress it for 30 minutes --
we compress it for 30 minutes --
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(Cracking sound)
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and make smog-free rings.
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(Laughter)
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And so by sharing -- yeah, really!
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And so by sharing a ring,
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you donate 1,000 cubic meters of clean air
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to the city the tower is in.
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(Applause)
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I have one here --
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(Applause)
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A little floating cube.
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I will give one to you.
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I'm not going to propose, don't worry.
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(Laughter)
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Are we good?
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You can show it around.
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And we put this online --
Kickstarter campaign, crowdfunding.
Kickstarter campaign, crowdfunding.
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And people started to preorder it,
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but more importantly,
they started to prepay it.
they started to prepay it.
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So the finance we made with the jewelry
helped us to realize,
helped us to realize,
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to build the first tower.
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And that's powerful.
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So the waste the activator,
it was the enabler.
it was the enabler.
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Also, the feedback from the community --
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this is a wedding couple from India,
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where he proposed to her
with the smog-free ring
with the smog-free ring
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as a sign of true beauty,
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as a sign of hope.
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And she said yes.
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(Laughter)
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I love this image so much
for a lot of different reasons.
for a lot of different reasons.
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(Laughter)
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And right now, the project
is touring through China,
is touring through China,
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actually with the support
of China's central government.
of China's central government.
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So the first goal is to create
local clean-air parks,
local clean-air parks,
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and that works already quite well --
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55, 75 percent more clean.
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And at the same time,
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we team up with the NGOs,
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with the governors,
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with the students,
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with the tech people,
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to say, "Hey, what do we need to do
to make a whole city smog-free?"
to make a whole city smog-free?"
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It's about the dream of clean air.
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We do workshops. New ideas pop up.
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These are smog-free bicycles
which -- I'm Dutch, yes? --
which -- I'm Dutch, yes? --
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I have this "bicycle DNA"
inside of me somewhere.
inside of me somewhere.
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And so it sucks up polluted air,
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it cleans it and releases it,
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in the fight against the car,
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in the celebration of the bicycle.
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And so right now, we're working
on a sort of "package deal," so to speak,
on a sort of "package deal," so to speak,
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where we say, "Smog-free towers,
smog-free rings."
smog-free rings."
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We go to the mayors
or the governors of this world,
or the governors of this world,
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and say, "We can guarantee
a short-term reduction of pollution
a short-term reduction of pollution
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between 20 and 40 percent.
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Please sign here right now."
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Yes?
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(Applause)
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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So it's all about connecting
new technology with creative thinking.
new technology with creative thinking.
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And if you start thinking about that,
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there is so much you can imagine,
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so much more you can do.
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We worked on dance floors
which produce electricity
which produce electricity
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when you dance on them.
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We did the design for that -- 2008.
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So it moves eight or nine millimeters,
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produces 25 watts.
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The electricity that we generate
is used for the lighting or the DJ booth.
is used for the lighting or the DJ booth.
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So some of the sustainability
is about doing more,
is about doing more,
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not about doing less.
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But also on a larger scale,
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the Netherlands, where I'm
from, we live below sea level.
from, we live below sea level.
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So because of these beauties --
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the Afsluitdijk: 32 kilometers,
built by hand in 1932 --
built by hand in 1932 --
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we live with the water,
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we fight with the water,
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we try to find harmony,
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but sometimes we forget.
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And therefore, we made "Waterlicht,"
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a combination of LEDs and lenses,
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which show how high
the water level would be --
the water level would be --
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global change --
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if we stop.
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If, today, we all go home and we say,
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"Oh, whatever, somebody else
will do it for us,"
will do it for us,"
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or we'll wait or government or whomever.
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You know, we're not going to do that.
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It goes wrong.
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And we placed this in public spaces
all around the world.
all around the world.
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Thousands of people showed up.
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(Applause)
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Thank you.
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You're too nice, you're too nice.
That's not good for a designer.
That's not good for a designer.
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So thousands of people showed up,
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and some, actually, were scared.
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And they left; they experienced
the floods in 1953.
the floods in 1953.
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And others were mesmerized.
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Can we make floating cities?
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Can we generate electricity
from the change in tides?
from the change in tides?
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So I think it's so important
to make experiences --
to make experiences --
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collective experiences --
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where people feel connected
with a vision, with a future
with a vision, with a future
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and trigger what is possible.
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At the same time,
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you know, these kinds of things --
they're not easy, yes?
they're not easy, yes?
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It's a struggle.
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And what I experienced in my life
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is that a lot of people say
they want innovation,
they want innovation,
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and they want the next
and the new, the future.
and the new, the future.
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But the moment you present a new idea,
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there's this weird tendency
to reply to every new idea
to reply to every new idea
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starting with two words.
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Which are?
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(Audience guesses)
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No, not "How much?" It's more annoying.
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(Laughter)
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What is it, guys?
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Or you're really blessed people?
That's really good.
That's really good.
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"Yes, but." Very good.
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"Yes, but: it's too expensive, it's too
cheap, it's too fast, it's too slow,
cheap, it's too fast, it's too slow,
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it's too beautiful, it's too ugly,
it cannot be done, it already exists."
it cannot be done, it already exists."
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I heard everything about the same project
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in the same week.
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And I got really, really annoyed.
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I got a bit of gray hair, started to dress
in black like a true architect.
in black like a true architect.
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(Laughter)
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And one morning I woke up
and I said, "Daan, stop.
and I said, "Daan, stop.
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This is dragging you down.
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You have to do something with this.
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You have to use it
as an ingredient, as a component."
as an ingredient, as a component."
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And so we decided to build,
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10:30
to realize the famous "Yes, but" chair.
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(Laughter)
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And this is an existing chair
by Friso Kramer, a Dutch design.
by Friso Kramer, a Dutch design.
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But we gave it a little "update,"
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a little "hack," so to speak.
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We placed a little voice-recognition
element right here.
element right here.
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So the moment you sit on that chair,
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and you say those two horrible,
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creative-destructive,
annoying little words --
annoying little words --
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(Laughter)
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you get a short --
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(Laughter)
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but pretty intense
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little shock on the back side
of your bottom.
of your bottom.
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(Laughter)
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(Applause)
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And --
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(Applause)
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and that works; yeah, that works.
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Some clients have left us,
they got really mad.
they got really mad.
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Fortunately, the good ones have stayed.
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And, of course, we also
apply it to ourselves.
apply it to ourselves.
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But ladies and gentlemen,
let's not be afraid.
let's not be afraid.
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Let's be curious, yes?
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And, you know, walking
through TED in these days
through TED in these days
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and hearing the other speakers
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and feeling the energy of the crowd,
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I was remembering this quote
of the Canadian author, Marshall McLuhan,
of the Canadian author, Marshall McLuhan,
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who once famously said,
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"On spacecraft earth,
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there are no passengers.
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We are all crew."
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And I think this so beautiful.
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This is so beautiful!
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We're not just consumers; we're makers:
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we make decisions,
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we make new inventions,
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we make new dreams.
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And I think
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if we start implementing
that kind of thinking even more
that kind of thinking even more
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within today,
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there's still a whole new world
to be explored.
to be explored.
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All right, thank you.
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(Applause)
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Daan Roosegaarde - ArtistWith his futuristic artworks, Daan Roosegaarde illuminates the intersection of technology, humanity and our urban environments.
Why you should listen
Daan Roosegaarde builds jaw-dropping artworks that redefine humanity's relationship to city spaces. Along with his team at Studio Roosegaarde, Roosegaarde is devoted to "landscapes of the future," city prototypes and urban adornments that fuse aesthetics with sustainability.
From Smog Free Project in Beijing -- a tower that purifies its surrounding atmosphere and harvests pollutants to preserve as jewelry -- to an interactive dance floor that generates electricity from dancers, Roosegaarde's designs revolutionize the role of technology in the built environment.
Daan Roosegaarde | Speaker | TED.com