ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Todd Coleman - Bioelectronics innovator
UCSD bioengineering professor Todd Coleman integratively spans the disciplines of medical electronics, machine learning and public health.

Why you should listen

Todd Coleman's research develops multi-functional, flexible bioelectronics and novel analytics methods to benefit patients and clinical decision-makers.

After a PhD in electrical engineering at MIT, Coleman did a neurosciences post-doc and became an assistant professor in electrical and computer engineering and neuroscience at University of Illinois before joining the faculty of UCSD. An avid public health advocate, Coleman understands the value of collaborating with community health programs to truly implement and deliver sustainable innovations to those who need it most.

More profile about the speaker
Todd Coleman | Speaker | TED.com
TEDMED 2015

Todd Coleman: A temporary tattoo that brings hospital care to the home

Todd Coleman: Ospitaleko zaintza etxera ekartzen duen aldi baterako tatuajea

Filmed:
1,489,379 views

Eta medikuek gaixoak etxean dauden bitartean monitorizatu ahal izango balituzte, ospitalean monitarizatuak egonda izango luketen zehaztasun berarekin? Hitzaldi honetan biolelektronikan berritzailea den Todd Colemanek, soinean ipini daitekeen, malgua den eta osasuna monitorizatzen duen, txaplataren bila egindako ibilbidea partekatzen du. Txaplata honek osasungintza iraultzea eta medikuntza ez inbasiboagoa bihurtzea agintzen du.
- Bioelectronics innovator
UCSD bioengineering professor Todd Coleman integratively spans the disciplines of medical electronics, machine learning and public health. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
Please meet Jane.
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Hemen duzue Jane.
00:15
She has a high-risk pregnancy.
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Arrisku altuko haurdunaldia du.
00:17
Within 24 weeks,
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24 aste ostean
00:19
she's on bed rest at the hospital,
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ospitaleratuta dago
00:21
being monitored
for her preterm contractions.
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kontrakzio goiztiarrak
monitarizatuak izateko.
00:25
She doesn't look the happiest.
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Ez dirudi oso zoriontsu.
00:26
That's in part because it requires
technicians and experts
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Teknikoek eta adituek uteroko kontrakzioak
00:30
to apply these clunky belts on her
to monitor her uterine contractions.
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monitorizatzeko gerriko pisutsu
horiek jartzen dizkiotelako.
00:35
Another reason Jane is not so happy
is because she's worried.
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Eta, arduratuta dagoelako.
00:40
In particular, she's worried
about what happens
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Zehazki ospitalean 10 egun pasa ostean
00:43
after her 10-day stay
on bed rest at the hospital.
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gertatuko denak arduratzen du.
00:47
What happens when she's home?
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Zer gertatuko da etxera itzultzean?
00:49
If she were to give birth this early
it would be devastating.
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Hain goiz erditzea,
suntsitzailea litzateke.
00:53
As an African-American woman,
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Afroamerikar emakumea denez,
00:55
she's twice as likely
to have a premature birth
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aukera bikoitza du
erditze goiztiarra edo
00:59
or to have a stillbirth.
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fetuaren heriotza izateko.
01:01
So Jane basically has one of two options:
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Beraz Janek bi aukera ditu:
01:04
stay at the hospital on bed rest,
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ospitaleko ohean geratu,
01:07
a prisoner to the technology
until she gives birth,
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teknologiaren mende,
erditu arte
01:11
and then spend the rest
of her life paying for the bill;
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eta bizitza osoa faktura ordaintzen pasa;
01:14
or head home after her 10-day stay
and hope for the best.
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edo 10 egun ostean etxera joan
eta dena ondo ateratzea espero.
01:20
Neither of these two options
seems appealing.
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Bi aukera horietako ezein
ez da oso erakargarria.
01:24
As I began to think
about stories like this
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Horrelako istorioetan
pentsatzen dudanean,
01:26
and hear about stories like this,
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eta horrelakoak entzutean,
01:28
I began to ask myself and imagine:
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neure buruari galdetzen diot:
01:30
Is there an alternative?
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Ba ote dago alternatibarik?
01:31
Is there a way we could have
the benefits of high-fidelity monitoring
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Posible ote da ospitalean dugun bezalako
01:36
that we get with our trusted
partners in the hospital
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kalitatezko monitarizazio baten
onurak izatea
01:39
while someone is at home
living their daily life?
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etxean eguneroko bizitza
egiten dugun bitartean?
01:42
With that in mind,
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Ideia honi bueltaka,
01:44
I encouraged people in my research group
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nire ikerketa taldea zientzialari
01:46
to partner with some
clever material scientists,
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batzuekin elkartzera animatu nuen,
01:49
and all of us came together
and brainstormed.
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eta guztiok bildu eta
idea-jasa bat egin genuen.
01:52
And after a long process,
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Prozesu luze baten ostean,
01:54
we came up with a vision, an idea,
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bisio bat, ideia bat, izan genuen:
01:56
of a wearable system that perhaps
you could wear like a piece of jewelry
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soinean eraman zitekeen zerbait,
bitxi baten modukoa, edo
02:00
or you could apply
to yourself like a Band-Aid.
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tirita bat bezala
jar daitekeena.
02:03
And after many trials and tribulations
and years of endeavors,
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Eta estuasun eta ahaleginez
beteriko urteen ostean,
02:07
we were able to come up
with this flexible electronic patch
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txaplata elektroniko malgu
honetara heldu ginen.
02:11
that was manufactured
using the same processes
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Konputagailuetako txipak sortzeko
erabiltzen den
02:13
that they use to build computer chips,
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prozesu berarekin fabrikatzen dira,
baina, kasu honetan,
02:16
except the electronics are transferred
from a semiconductor wafer
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osagaiak olata erdieroale batetik
giza gorputzarekin
02:21
onto a flexible material
that can interface with the human body.
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komunikatu daitekeen materiale
malgu batera pasatzen dira.
02:25
These systems are about
the thickness of a human hair.
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Sistema hauek ile baten lodiera dute.
02:30
They can measure the types
of information that we want,
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Guk nahi dugun informazioa bil dezakete.
02:33
things such as:
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Esaterako,
02:35
bodily movement,
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gorputz mugimendua,
02:36
bodily temperature,
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gorputzeko tenperatura,
02:38
electrical rhythms of the body
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gorputzeko inpultso elektrikoak,
02:39
and so forth.
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eta horrelakoak.
02:41
We can also engineer these systems,
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Sistema hauek energia iturriak
02:43
so they can integrate energy sources,
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barne hartzeko ere diseina ditzakegu,
02:46
and can have wireless
transmission capabilities.
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eta haririk gabe igortzeko gaitasuna eman.
02:50
So as we began to build
these types of systems,
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Honelako sistemak eratzen
hasi ginenean,
02:54
we began to test them on ourselves
in our research group.
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guregan eta gure ikerketa taldean
probatzen hasi ginen.
02:58
But in addition, we began to reach out
to some of our clinical partners
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Baina gure bazkide ziren kliniko
batzuekin ere kontaktatu genuen
03:02
in San Diego,
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San Diegon,
03:03
and test these on different patients
in different clinical conditions,
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eta egoera kliniko desberdinetan
zeuden gaixoekin probatu genituen,
03:07
including moms-to-be like Jane.
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Jane bezalako etorkizuneko amekin ere bai.
03:10
Here is a picture of a pregnant woman
in labor at our university hospital
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Hau unibertsitateko ospitalean
erditzera doan emakume bat da,
03:15
being monitored for her uterine
contractions with the conventional belt.
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eta uteroko kontrakzioak ohiko gerriko
baten bidez monitarizatzen ari zaizkie.
03:20
In addition,
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Horrez gain,
03:22
our flexible electronic patches are there.
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gure txaplata elektronikoak ere hor daude.
03:25
This picture demonstrates waveforms
pertaining to the fetal heart rate,
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Irudi honetan fetoaren bihotz
taupaden uhinak ikus daitezke,
03:29
where the red corresponds
to what was acquired
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marra gorria ohiko gerrikoaren bidez
03:32
with the conventional belts,
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lortutako datuek sortzen dute,
03:34
and the blue corresponds to our estimates
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eta urdina, gure sistema elektroniko
03:36
using our flexible electronic systems
and our algorithms.
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malgua eta gure algoritmoak
erabiliz egindako estimazioek.
03:40
At this moment,
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Une horretan,
03:42
we gave ourselves a big mental high five.
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bosteko handi bat eman genion
geure buruari.
03:45
Some of the things we had imagined
were beginning to come to fruition,
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Imajinatu genituen gauzetako batzuk
fruituak ematen hasi ziren,
03:48
and we were actually seeing this
in a clinical context.
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eta hori testuinguru klinikoan
ari ginen ikusten.
03:52
But there was still a problem.
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Baina artean bazen
arazo bat.
03:53
The problem was, the way
we manufactured these systems
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Sistema hauek fabrikatzeko modua
03:57
was very inefficient,
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ez zen batere eraginkorra,
03:58
had low yield
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errendimendu baxua zuen
04:00
and was very error-prone.
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eta erroreak sortzen zituen.
04:02
In addition,
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Gainera,
04:03
as we talked to some
of the nurses in the hospital,
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ospitaleko erizainekin hitz egitean,
04:05
they encouraged us to make sure
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aholkatu ziguten
04:07
that our electronics worked
with typical medical adhesives
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gure elektronikak ospitalean erabiltzen
ziren itsasgarri medikoekin
04:12
that are used in a hospital.
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funtziona zezatela.
04:14
We had an epiphany and said,
"Wait a minute.
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Epifania bat izan genuen,
"Itxaron une bat.
04:16
Rather than just making
them work with adhesives,
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Itsasgarri horiekin ongi lan egiteaz gain,
04:19
let's integrate them into adhesives,
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goazen itsasgarri horietan barneratzera,
04:23
and that could solve
our manufacturing problem."
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eta horrela gure fabrikatze
arazoa konpontzera."
04:26
This picture that you see here
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Hemen ikus dezakezue
04:28
is our ability to embed these censors
inside of a piece of Scotch tape
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sentsore horiek zinta itsasgarrian
barneratzeko dugun gaitasuna
04:32
by simply peeling it off of a wafer.
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olata batetik askatuz.
04:36
Ongoing work in our research group
allows us to, in addition,
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Ikerketa lan gehiagok, gainera,
04:39
embed integrated circuits
into the flexible adhesives
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seinalea anplifikatzeko
eta digitalizatzeko
04:43
to do things like amplifying signals
and digitizing them,
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itsasgarri malguetan zirkuituak barneratzea,
ahalbideratzen digu,
04:47
processing them
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seinalea prozesatuz
04:48
and encoding for wireless transmission.
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eta haririk gabeko transmisiorako kodifikatuz.
04:51
All of this integrated
into the same medical adhesives
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Guzti hau, ospitalean erabiltzen diren
04:55
that are used in the hospital.
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itsasgarri berdinetan barneratuta.
04:57
So when we reached this point,
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Une horretan,
04:59
we had some other challenges,
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beste erronka batzuk agertu ziren,
05:01
from both an engineering
as well as a usability perspective,
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ingenieritzaren eta
erabilgarritasunaren ingurukoak,
05:05
to make sure that we could
make it used practically.
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erabiltzeko praktikoak zirela ziurtatzeko.
05:09
In many digital health discussions,
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Osasun digitalari buruzko
eztabaida askotan
05:11
people believe in and embrace the idea
that we can simply digitize the data,
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jendeak sinisten eta onartzen du
datuak digitaliza ditzakegula,
05:16
wirelessly transmit it,
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haririk gabeko moduan
transmititu ditzakegula,
05:18
send it to the cloud,
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hodeira bidali,
05:19
and in the cloud,
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eta bertan,
05:21
we can extract meaningful
information for interpretation.
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berau interpretatzeko beharrezko
informazioa atera.
05:24
And indeed, you can do all of that,
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Eta, izatez, guzti hori posible da,
05:26
if you're not worried
about some of the energy challenges.
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energiaren arazoa alde batera
uzten badugu.
05:29
Think about Jane for a moment.
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Oroi gaitezen Janetaz.
05:31
She doesn't live in Palo Alto,
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Ez da Palo Alton bizi,
05:33
nor does she live in Beverly Hills.
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ez eta Beverly Hillsen ere.
05:35
What that means is,
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Beraz,
05:36
we have to be mindful about her data plan
and how much it would cost
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kontuan izan behar dugu
zein datu tarifa duen,
05:39
for her to be sending out
a continuous stream of data.
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eta zein den beretzat uneoro
datuak bidaltzearen kostua.
05:44
There's another challenge
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Beste erronka bat ere badago,
05:45
that not everyone in the medical
profession is comfortable talking about.
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medikuntza arloan lantzea
erosoa ez den bat.
05:49
And that is, that Jane
does not have the most trust
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Izan ere, Janek ez du
erabateko konfidantza
05:52
in the medical establishment.
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medikuengan.
05:54
She, people like her, her ancestors,
have not had the best experiences
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Berak, bera bezalakoek, bere arbasoek,
ez dituzte esperientzia atseginenak izan
05:59
at the hands of doctors and the hospital
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ospitaleetan eta medikuen eskuetan,
06:03
or insurance companies.
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edo aseguru konpainietan.
06:05
That means that we have to be mindful
of questions of privacy.
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Beraz, pribatutasunari buruz
pentsatu behar dugu.
06:08
Jane might not feel that happy
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Posible da Jane eroso ez sentitzea
06:10
about all that data
being processed into the cloud.
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bere datu guztiak hodeian
prozesatzearekin.
06:14
And Jane cannot be fooled;
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Eta Jane ez da tuntuna;
06:17
she reads the news.
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berriak irakurtzen ditu.
06:18
She knows that if the federal
government can be hacked,
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Badaki gobernua hackeatua izan badaiteke,
06:21
if the Fortune 500 can be hacked,
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edo Fortune 500-eko konpainiak,
06:24
so can her doctor.
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baita bere medikua ere.
06:27
And so with that in mind,
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Eta hori kontuan hartuta,
06:28
we had an epiphany.
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ideia bat izan genuen.
06:30
We cannot outsmart
all the hackers in the world,
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Ez gara munduko hacker guztiak
baino azkarragoak izango,
06:33
but perhaps we can present
them a smaller target.
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baina helburu txikiago
bat aurkez diezaiekegu.
06:36
What if we could actually,
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Zer gertatuko litzateke,
06:39
rather than have those algorithms
that do data interpretation
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datuen interpretazio egiteko
algoritmo horiek
06:43
run in the cloud,
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hodeian burutu beharrean
06:44
what if we have those algorithms run
on those small integrated circuits
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itsasgarrietan integratutako
zirkuitu txikietan
06:48
embedded into those adhesives?
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burutuko bagenitu?
06:50
And so when we integrate
these things together,
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Horrela, gauza hauek guztiak bateratzean,
06:54
what this means is that now
we can think about the future
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ondorioa da orain pentsa
dezakegula etorkizunean
06:57
where someone like Jane can still
go about living her normal daily life,
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Jane bezalako pertsona batek,
bizitza normal bat izaten jarraitu eta
07:01
she can be monitored,
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monitorizatua izan daitekela.
07:03
it can be done in a way where
she doesn't have to get another job
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Bere datu-tarifa ordaintzeko
beste lan bat
07:06
to pay her data plan,
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bilatu beharrik gabe,
07:08
and we can also address
some of her concerns about privacy.
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eta pribatutasunari buruzko ardurak
ere kontuan izanez.
07:12
So at this point,
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Une honetan,
07:14
we're feeling very good about ourselves.
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geure buruarekin oso gustura gaude.
07:16
We've accomplished this,
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Hori lortu dugu,
07:17
we've begun to address some
of these questions about privacy
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pribatutasunari dagozkion
hainbat gai konpondu ditugu
07:20
and we feel like, pretty much
the chapter is closed now.
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eta uste dugu atal hori ia itxita dugula.
07:24
Everyone lived happily ever after, right?
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Aurrerantzean denak pozik bizi
izan ziren, ezta?
07:28
Well, not so fast.
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Ez hain azkar.
07:30
(Laughter)
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(Barreak)
07:31
One of the things we have to remember,
as I mentioned earlier,
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Oroitu beharreko gauzetako bat
lehenago esan bezala, zera da,
07:34
is that Jane does not have the most trust
in the medical establishment.
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Jane ez dela asko fio medikuetaz.
07:38
We have to remember
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Gogoan izan
07:39
that there are increasing
and widening health disparities,
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osasunaren inguruan aldeak
handitzen ari direla,
07:42
and there's inequity in terms
of proper care management.
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eta ezberdinatsunak daudela mediku
zaintza egokien inguruan.
07:46
And so what that means
is that this simple picture
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Horrek esan nahi du irudi arrunt hori,
07:49
of Jane and her data --
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Jane eta bere datuen irudia,
07:50
even with her being comfortable
being wirelessly transmitted to the cloud,
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haririk gabe datuak hodeira
igortzearekin eroso egon arren,
07:54
letting a doctor intervene if necessary --
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beharrezkoa denean medikuaren
eskuhartzea onartu arren,
07:57
is not the whole story.
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ez dela istorio osoa.
07:59
So what we're beginning to do
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Beraz, orain egiten ari garena
08:00
is to think about ways to have
trusted parties serve as intermediaries
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bide barriak lantzea da
Jane eta bere medikua bezalako pertsonen
08:05
between people like Jane
and her health care providers.
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artean konfiantzazko bitartekariak
eduki ahal izateko.
08:08
For example, we've begun
to partner with churches
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Adibidez, elizekin elkartzen hasi gara,
08:11
and to think about nurses
that are church members,
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elizako kide diren erizainak bilatzen,
08:14
that come from that trusted community,
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2022
konfiantzazko komunitateetatik datozenak,
08:16
as patient advocates and health coaches
to people like Jane.
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3923
eta gaixoaren babesle eta
aholkulari bihurtzen ditugu.
08:21
Another thing we have going for us
170
489462
2007
Alde dugun beste gauza bat
08:23
is that insurance companies, increasingly,
171
491493
2036
aseguru etxeak horrelakoetan
08:25
are attracted to some of these ideas.
172
493553
1958
gero eta interes handiagoa dutela da.
08:27
They're increasingly realizing
173
495906
1707
Ohartzen ari dira, hobe dela
08:29
that perhaps it's better
to pay one dollar now
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2940
orain dolar bat ordaintzea,
08:32
for a wearable device and a health coach,
175
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2983
soinean eraman daitekeen gailu bat
eta osasun aholkulari batengatik,
08:35
rather than paying 10 dollars later,
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2166
gero 10 dolar ordaintzea baino,
08:38
when that baby is born prematurely
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2554
haurra modu goiztiarrean jaiotzean,
08:40
and ends up in the neonatal
intensive care unit --
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508831
2941
eta jaioberrien zaintza intentsiboen
unitatean amaitzean;
08:43
one of the most expensive
parts of a hospital.
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2895
ospitaleko unitate
garestienetako batean.
08:47
This has been a long
learning process for us.
180
515697
2421
Guretzat ikaskuntza prozesu
luze bat izan da hau.
08:50
This iterative process of breaking
through and attacking one problem
181
518593
3835
Aurrera egin eta arazoei aurre egiteko
prozesu errepikakor honek,
08:54
and not feeling totally comfortable,
182
522452
1771
non ezeroso sentitzen ginen eta
08:56
and identifying the next problem,
183
524247
1819
hurrengo arazoa identifikatzen genuen,
08:58
has helped us go along this path
184
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2057
bide hau egiten lagundu digu,
09:00
of actually trying to not only
innovate with this technology
185
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3076
teknologia honekin
berrikuntzak egiteaz gain,
09:03
but make sure it can be used for people
who perhaps need it the most.
186
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3952
gehien behar dutenek
erabili ahal izatea ziurtatuz.
09:07
Another learning lesson
we've taken from this process
187
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2784
Prozesu honetan ikasitako
beste ikasgaia, oso apalgarria,
09:10
that is very humbling,
188
538517
1379
zera izan da:
09:11
is that as technology progresses
and advances at an accelerating rate,
189
539920
4327
teknologiak exponentzialki
aurrera egiten duen honetan
09:16
we have to remember that human beings
are using this technology,
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3942
teknologia honen erabiltzaileak gizakiak
direla kontuan izan behar dugula,
09:20
and we have to be mindful
191
548237
1602
eta jakin behar dugula
09:21
that these human beings --
they have a face,
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3440
pertsona horiek aurpegi bat dutela,
09:25
they have a name
193
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1262
eta izen bat,
09:26
and a life.
194
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1161
eta bizitza bat.
09:27
And in the case of Jane,
195
555798
1611
Eta Jane-en kasuan,
09:29
hopefully, two.
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1456
espero dezagun bi bizitza.
09:32
Thank you.
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1194
Mila esker.
09:33
(Applause)
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5238
(Txaloak)
Translated by Jone Aliri
Reviewed by Nagore Salaberria

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Todd Coleman - Bioelectronics innovator
UCSD bioengineering professor Todd Coleman integratively spans the disciplines of medical electronics, machine learning and public health.

Why you should listen

Todd Coleman's research develops multi-functional, flexible bioelectronics and novel analytics methods to benefit patients and clinical decision-makers.

After a PhD in electrical engineering at MIT, Coleman did a neurosciences post-doc and became an assistant professor in electrical and computer engineering and neuroscience at University of Illinois before joining the faculty of UCSD. An avid public health advocate, Coleman understands the value of collaborating with community health programs to truly implement and deliver sustainable innovations to those who need it most.

More profile about the speaker
Todd Coleman | Speaker | TED.com