TEDxExeter
Bandi Mbubi: Demand a fair trade cell phone
Bandi Mbubi: Tražimo mobitel nastao u poštenoj razmjeni.
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Vaš mobitel, računalo i konzola imaju krvavu prošlost -- povezanu sa rudarenjem tantala, koji financira rat u Demokratskoj Republici Kongo. Kroz vlastito iskustvo, aktivist i izbjeglica Bandi Mbubi daje uznemirujuć poziv na akciju (Snimljeno na TEDxExeter.)
Bandi Mbubi - Social Justice Activist
Bandi Mbubi would like to make sure that you are using a fair trade cell phone. Full bio
Bandi Mbubi would like to make sure that you are using a fair trade cell phone. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
I want to talk to you today
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Želio bih danas s vama razgovarati
00:19
about a difficult topic that is close to me,
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o teškoj temi koja mi je bliska,
00:22
and closer than you might realize to you.
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i bliža vama nego što biste to mogli očekivati.
00:26
I came to the U.K. 21 years ago
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Došao sam u Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo prije 21 godinu
00:29
as an asylum-seeker.
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tražeći azil.
00:32
I was 21.
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Imao sam 21 godinu.
00:34
I was forced to leave the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
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Bio sam prisiljen napustiti Demokratsku Republiku Kongo,
00:38
my home, where I was a student activist.
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svoj dom, gdje sam bio student aktivist.
00:44
I would love my children to be able to meet my family
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Volio bih da moja djeca mogu upoznati moju obitelj
00:47
in the Congo.
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u Kongu.
00:51
But I want to tell you what the Congo has got to do with you.
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Ali želim vam reći kakve Kongo ima veze s vama.
00:56
But first of all, I want you to do me a favor.
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Ali prvo, htio bih vas zamoliti za uslugu.
01:00
Can you all please reach into your pockets
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Možete li svi posegnuti u džepove
01:03
and take out your mobile phone?
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i izvaditi vaše mobitele?
01:09
Feel that familiar weight,
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Osjetite tu poznatu težinu,
01:14
how naturally your finger slides towards the buttons.
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kako vam prirodno prsti klize prema dugmadi.
01:17
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:20
Can you imagine your world without it?
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Možete li zamislit svoj svijet bez njega?
01:22
It connects us to our loved ones,
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Povezuje nas sa našim voljenima,
01:25
our family, friends and colleagues,
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našom obitelji, prijateljima i kolegama,
01:28
at home and overseas.
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kod kuće i preko mora.
01:31
It is a symbol of an interconnected world.
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To je simbol povezanog svijeta.
01:35
But what you hold in your hand leaves a bloody trail,
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Ali ono što držite u vašim rukama ostavlja krvav trag,
01:41
and it all boils down to a mineral:
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i to sve vodi do minerala:
01:45
tantalum, mined in the Congo as coltan.
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tantal, koji se iskopava u Kongu.
01:50
It is an anticorrosive heat conductor.
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To je antikorozivni vodič topline.
01:53
It stores energy in our mobile phones,
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Sprema energiju u naše mobitele,
01:57
Playstations and laptops.
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Playstatione i laptope.
02:00
It is used in aerospace and medical equipment
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Koristi se u svemirskoj i medicinskoj opremi
02:04
as alloys.
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kao slitina.
02:06
It is so powerful
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Tako je moćan
02:08
that we only need tiny amounts.
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da trebamo samo male količine.
02:11
It would be great if the story ended there.
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Bilo bi divno kada bi priča ovdje završavala.
02:15
Unfortunately, what you hold in your hand
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Nažalost, ono što držite u rukama
02:19
has not only enabled incredible technological development
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nije samo omogućilo nezamislive tehnološke napretke
02:24
and industrial expansion,
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i industrijski razvoj,
02:28
but it has also contributed to unimaginable
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već je također pridonijelo i nezamislivoj
02:31
human suffering.
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ljudskoj patnji.
02:34
Since 1996, over five million people have died
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Od 1996., preko pet milijuna ljudi umrlo je
02:39
in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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u Demokratskoj Republici Kongo.
02:42
Countless women, men and children
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Bezbroj žena, muškaraca i djece
02:45
have been raped, tortured or enslaved.
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silovano je, mučeno ili porobljeno.
02:50
Rape is used as a weapon of war,
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Silovanje se koristi kao oružje rata,
02:53
instilling fear
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usađujući strah
02:56
and depopulating whole areas.
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i raseljavajući čitava područja.
02:59
The quest for extracting this mineral
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Potraga za iskopavanjem ovog minerala
03:02
has not only aided, but it has fueled,
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ne samo da je pomogla, već je razjarila
03:07
the ongoing war in the Congo.
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tekući rat u Kongu.
03:13
But don't throw away your phones yet.
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Ali nemojte još baciti vaše mobitele.
03:15
Thirty thousand children are enlisted
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Trideset tisuća djece je regrutirano
03:20
and are made to fight in armed groups.
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i natjerano na borbu u oružanim grupama.
03:25
The Congo consistently scores dreadfully
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Kongo konstantno ima užasne rezultate
03:30
in global health and poverty rankings.
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u globalnom zdravlju i siromaštvu.
03:34
But remarkably, the U.N. Environmental Programme
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Ali začudo, Program za okoliš Ujedinjenih Naroda
03:38
has estimated the wealth of the country
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procijenio je bogatstvo zemlje
03:41
to be over 24 trillion dollars.
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na više od 24 trilijuna dolara.
03:50
The state-regulated mining industry has collapsed,
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Rudarska industrija pod kontrolom države se raspala,
03:55
and control over mines
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i kontrola nad rudnicima
03:57
has splintered.
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podijeljena je.
03:59
Coltan is easily controlled by armed groups.
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Ruda iz koje se dobiva tantal lako je kontrolirana od strane naoružanih grupa.
04:03
One well-known illicit trade route
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Jedna poznata ilegalna ruta trgovine
04:06
is that across the border to Rwanda,
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je ona preko granice sa Rwandom,
04:09
where Congolese tantalum is disguised as Rwandan.
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gdje se Kongoanski tantal prodaje kao Rwandanski.
04:13
But don't throw away your phones yet,
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Ali ne bacajte još svoje telefone,
04:16
because the incredible irony is that
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jer nevjerojatna ironija je ta
04:19
the technology that has placed such unsustainable,
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da tehnologija koja je postavila takve neodržive,
04:23
devastating demands on the Congo
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razarajuće zahtjeve na Kongo
04:25
is the same technology
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je ista tehnologija
04:28
that has brought this situation to our attention.
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koja nam je ovu situaciju prezentirala.
04:32
We only know so much about the situation in the Congo
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Jedini razlog što toliko toga znamo o situaciji u Kongu
04:36
and in the mines
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i rudnicima
04:37
because of the kind of communication
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je zbog načina komunikacije
04:39
the mobile phone allows.
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koji je omogućen putem mobitela.
04:44
As with the Arab Spring,
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Kao i sa Arapskim Proljećem,
04:46
during the recent elections in the Congo,
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tijekom nedavnih izbora u Kongu,
04:49
voters were able to send text messages
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glasači su mogli slati poruke
04:53
of local polling stations to the headquarters
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iz lokalnih biračkih mjesta u središte
04:56
in the capital, Kinshasa,
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koje se nalazi u glavnom gradu, Kinshasi,
05:00
and in the wake of the result,
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i kada su se počeli pojavljivati rezultati,
05:05
the diaspora has joined with the Carter Center,
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dijaspora se udružila sa Carter Centrom,
05:09
the Catholic Church and other observers
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Katoličkom crkvom i drugim promatračima
05:12
to draw attention to the undemocratic result.
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kako bi upozorila na nedemokratske rezultate.
05:17
The mobile phone has given people around the world
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Mobilni telefoni dali su ljudima po cijelom svijetu
05:22
an important tool towards gaining their political freedom.
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važan alat u borbi za svoju političku slobodu.
05:28
It has truly revolutionized the way
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To je zaista revolucioniziralo način
05:31
we communicate on the planet.
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na koji komuniciramo na planeti.
05:34
It has allowed momentous political change
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Dozvolilo je pojavu
05:37
to take place.
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značajnih političkih promjena.
05:40
So
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Dakle
05:41
we are faced with a paradox.
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suočeni smo s paradoksom.
05:46
The mobile phone is an instrument of freedom
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Mobilni telefon je instrument slobode
05:50
and an instrument of oppression.
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i instrument tlačenja.
05:55
TED has always
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TED je uvijek
05:58
celebrated what technology can do for us,
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slavio što tehnologija može učiniti za nas,
06:02
technology in its finished form.
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tehnologija u svom završnom obliku.
06:04
It is time
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Vrijeme je
06:06
to be asking questions about technology.
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da se zapitamo o tehnologiji.
06:10
Where does it come from?
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Odakle dolazi?
06:12
Who makes it?
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Tko ju izrađuje?
06:15
And for what?
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I za što?
06:18
Here I am speaking directly to you,
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Ovdje govorim direktno vama,
06:21
the TED community,
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TED zajednici,
06:23
and to all those who might be watching on a screen,
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i svima koji možda gledaju na ekranu,
06:27
on your phone, across the world,
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na vašem mobitelu, širom svijeta,
06:30
in the Congo.
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u Kongu.
06:33
All the technology is in place for us to communicate,
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Sva tehnologija je tu kako bismo komunicirali,
06:37
and all the technology is in place to communicate this.
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i sva tehnologija je tu da komunicira ovo.
06:43
At the moment,
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U ovom trenutku,
06:46
there is no clear fair trade solution,
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nema jasnog rješenja,
06:51
but there has been a huge amount of progress.
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ali došlo je do ogromnih napredaka.
06:54
The U.S. has recently passed legislation
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Amerika je nedavno donijela zakone
06:57
to target bribery and misconduct in the Congo.
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kojima se cilja na podmićivanje i loše ponašanje u Kongu.
07:02
Recent U.K. legislation could be used in the same way.
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Nedavni zakoni doneseni u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu mogu se koristiti na isti način.
07:07
In February, Nokia unveiled its new policy
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U veljači, Nokia je otkrila novu politiku
07:11
on sourcing minerals in the Congo,
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za pribavljanje minerala u Kongu,
07:13
and there is a petition to Apple
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i poslana je peticija u Apple
07:16
to make a conflict-free iPhone.
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kako bi se iPhone radio bez sukoba.
07:21
There are campaigns
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Postoje kampanje
07:23
spreading across university campuses
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koje se šire po kampusima sveučilišta
07:26
to make their colleges conflict-free.
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kako bi sveučilišta bila bez sukoba.
07:29
But we're not there yet.
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Ali nismo još tamo.
07:32
We need to continue mounting pressure
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Moramo povećavati pritisak
07:35
on phone companies
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na proizvođače mobitela
07:38
to change their sourcing processes.
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kako bi promijenili način na koji pribavljaju resurse.
07:42
When I first came to the U.K. 21 years ago,
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Kada sam došao u U.K. prije 21 godinu,
07:46
I was homesick.
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nedostajala mi je kuća.
07:48
I missed my family and the friends I left behind.
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Nedostajala mi je obitelj i prijatelji koje sam ostavio iza sebe.
07:53
Communication was extremely difficult.
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Komunikacija je bila iznimno teška.
07:57
Sending and receiving letters took months,
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Slanje i primanje pisama trajalo je mjesecima,
08:01
if you were lucky. Often they never arrived.
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ako ste imali sreće. Često pisma nisu ni stizala.
08:05
Even if I could have afforded
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Čak i da sam mogao plaćati
08:08
the phone bills home,
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račune za telefon kod kuće,
08:11
like most people in the Congo,
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kao mnogi ljudi u Kongu,
08:13
my parents did not own a phone line.
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moji roditelji nisu posjedovali telefon.
08:17
Today, my two sons
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Danas, moja dva sina
08:23
David and Daniel
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David i Daniel
08:26
can talk to my parents and get to know them.
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mogu pričati s mojim roditeljima i upoznati ih.
08:33
Why should we allow
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Zašto bismo dozvolili
08:36
such a wonderful, brilliant and necessary product
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da tako divan, briljantan i potreban proizvod
08:43
to be the cause of unnecessary suffering
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bude uzrokom nepotrebne patnje
08:46
for human beings?
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za ljudska bića?
08:50
We demand fair trade food
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Tražimo hranu kroz poštenu razmjenu
08:53
and fair trade clothes.
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i odjeću kroz poštenu razmjenu.
08:55
It is time to demand fair trade phones.
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Vrijeme je da zatražimo mobitele kroz poštenu razmjenu.
08:59
This is an idea worth spreading. Thank you.
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Ovo je ideja vrijedna širenja. Hvala vam.
09:04
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bandi Mbubi - Social Justice ActivistBandi Mbubi would like to make sure that you are using a fair trade cell phone.
Why you should listen
Bandi Mbubi grew up in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, experiencing first hand the political unrest and oppression which have since worsened there. As a student activist, Bandi suffered persecution and fled the country, seeking political asylum in the U.K. But Mbubi has kept his home country on his radar, noting how the mining of tantalum -- a mineral used in cell phones and computers -- has fueled the ongoing war there in which 5 million have died.
While Mbubi sees the cell phone as an instrument of oppression for this reason, he knows that phones can also bring great freedom. And so he has formed CongoCalling.org, a campaign to inspire both the public and companies that make electronics to pay attention to how tantalum used in consumer electronics is mined and traded.
Mbubi is also the Director of the Manna Society, a center for the homeless in South London, and a Trustee of Church Action on Poverty.
Bandi Mbubi | Speaker | TED.com