TEDGlobal 2013
Bastian Schaefer: A 3D-printed jumbo jet?
Bastian Schaefer: 3D printani jumbo mlažnjak?
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Dizajner Bastian Schaefer pokazuje špekulativni dizajn za budućnost mlažnjaka, s kosturom inspiriranim snažnim, fleksibilnim, prirodnim oblicima i potrebama svjetske rastuće populacije. Zamislite avion koji je pun svjetla i prostora -- i izgrađen od generičkih dijelova iz 3D printera.
Bastian Schaefer - Aircraft engineer
Bastian Schaefer and a team of designers at Airbus have been imagining the high-concept future of the jet airlplane -- in a future with less fuel and more passengers. Full bio
Bastian Schaefer and a team of designers at Airbus have been imagining the high-concept future of the jet airlplane -- in a future with less fuel and more passengers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
What do we know about the future?
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Što znamo o budućnosti?
00:14
Difficult question, simple answer: nothing.
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Teško pitanje, jednostavan odgovor: ništa.
00:17
We cannot predict the future.
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Ne možemo predvidjeti budućnost.
00:19
We only can create a vision of the future, how it might be,
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Možemo samo stvoriti viziju
budućnosti, kakva bi mogla biti,
budućnosti, kakva bi mogla biti,
00:24
a vision which reveals disruptive ideas, which is inspiring,
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viziju koja možda otkriva
disruptivne ideje, koja nadahnjuje,
disruptivne ideje, koja nadahnjuje,
00:27
and this is the most important reason
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i ovo je možda najvažniji razlog
00:30
which breaks the chains of common thinking.
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koji kida lance normalnog razmišljanja.
00:33
There are a lot of people
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Postoji mnogo ljudi
00:34
who created their own vision about the future,
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koji su stvorili vlastitu viziju budućnosti,
00:36
for instance, this vision here from the early 20th century.
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na primjer, ova vizija iz
ranog dvadesetog stoljeća.
ranog dvadesetog stoljeća.
00:39
It says here that this is the ocean plane of the future.
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Kaže da je ovo oceanski
zrakoplov budućnosti.
zrakoplov budućnosti.
00:44
It takes only one and a half days to cross the Atlantic Ocean.
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Potreban mu je samo jedan i pol
dan da pređe Atlantski ocean.
dan da pređe Atlantski ocean.
00:47
Today, we know that this future vision didn't come true.
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Danas, znamo da se ova
vizija budućnosti nije ostvarila.
vizija budućnosti nije ostvarila.
00:51
So this is our largest airplane which we have,
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Ovo je naš najveći zrakoplov koji imamo,
00:54
the Airbus A380, and it's quite huge,
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Airbus A380, i poprilično je velik,
00:56
so a lot of people fit in there
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tako da ovdje stane puno ljudi
00:58
and it's technically completely different
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i to je tehnički potpuno drugačije
01:00
than the vision I've shown to you.
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od vizije koju sam vam pokazao.
01:03
I'm working in a team with Airbus,
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Radim u timu s Airbusom,
01:05
and we have created our vision
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i stvorili smo vlastitu viziju
01:06
about a more sustainable future of aviation.
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o održivijoj budućnosti avijacije.
01:09
So sustainability is quite important for us,
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Održivost nam je iznimno važna,
01:12
which should incorporate social
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što bi trebalo uključiti socijalne
01:13
but as well as environmental and economic values.
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ali također i okolišne
i ekonomske vrijednosti.
i ekonomske vrijednosti.
01:16
So we have created a very disruptive structure
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Tako da smo kreirali
vrlo disruptivnu strukturu
vrlo disruptivnu strukturu
01:19
which mimics the design of bone, or a skeleton,
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koja imitira oblik kosti, ili kostura,
01:23
which occurs in nature.
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koji se pojavljuje u prirodi.
01:25
So that's why it looks maybe a little bit weird,
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Zato možda izgleda malo čudno,
01:27
especially to the people who deal with structures in general.
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posebno ljudima koji se bave strukturama.
01:31
But at least it's just a kind of artwork
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Ali je barem neki vid umjetnosti
01:33
to explore our ideas about a different future.
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istraživati naše ideje
o drugačijoj budućnosti.
o drugačijoj budućnosti.
01:38
What are the main customers of the future?
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Tko su glavni kupci u budućnosti?
01:41
So, we have the old, we have the young,
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Imamo stare, imamo mlade,
01:42
we have the uprising power of women,
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imamo probuđenu moć žena,
01:45
and there's one mega-trend which affects all of us.
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i postoji mega trend
koji utječe na sve nas.
koji utječe na sve nas.
01:49
These are the future anthropometrics.
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Ovo je buduća antropometrika.
01:52
So our children are getting larger, but at the same time
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Naša djeca postaju veća,
ali u isto vrijeme
ali u isto vrijeme
01:55
we are growing into different directions.
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rastemo u različitim smjerovima.
01:58
So what we need is space inside the aircraft,
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Tako da trebamo prostora u letjelici,
02:03
inside a very dense area.
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u vrlo gustom području.
02:05
These people have different needs.
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Ovi ljudi imaju različite potrebe.
02:07
So we see a clear need of active health promotion,
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Tako da vidimo jasnu
potrebu za promoviranje zdravlja,
potrebu za promoviranje zdravlja,
02:11
especially in the case of the old people.
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osobito u slučaju starijih osoba.
02:13
We want to be treated as individuals.
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Želimo da nas tretiraju kao individue.
02:15
We like to be productive throughout the entire travel chain,
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Volimo biti produktivni
kroz cijeli lanac putovanja,
kroz cijeli lanac putovanja,
02:21
and what we are doing in the future is
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i ono što činimo u budućnosti je
02:23
we want to use the latest man-machine interface,
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želimo koristiti najnovije
sučelje čovjek-stroj,
sučelje čovjek-stroj,
02:26
and we want to integrate this and show this in one product.
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i želimo to integrirati i
pokazati kao jedan proizvod.
pokazati kao jedan proizvod.
02:31
So we combined these needs with technology's themes.
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Tako da smo kombinirali
ove potrebe s temama tehnologije.
ove potrebe s temama tehnologije.
02:34
So for instance, we are asking ourselves,
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Na primjer, pitamo se,
02:37
how can we create more light?
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kako možemo stvoriti više svjetla?
02:39
How can we bring more natural light into the airplane?
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Kako možemo donijeti
više prirodnog svjetla u zrakoplov?
više prirodnog svjetla u zrakoplov?
02:41
So this airplane has no windows anymore, for example.
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Ovaj zrakoplov nema prozora više,
na primjer.
na primjer.
02:45
What about the data and communication software
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Što sa podatcima i
softverom za komunikaciju
softverom za komunikaciju
02:47
which we need in the future?
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koji trebamo u budućnosti?
02:49
My belief is that the airplane of the future
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Ja vjerujem da će zrakoplov budućnosti
02:52
will get its own consciousness.
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imati vlastitu svijest.
02:54
It will be more like a living organism
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Bit će više kao živi organizam
02:57
than just a collection of very complex technology.
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nego samo skup složene tehnologije.
03:01
This will be very different in the future.
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Ovo će biti zaista drugačije u budućnosti.
03:03
It will communicate directly
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Komunicirat će direktno
03:05
with the passenger in its environment.
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sa putnikom u njegovom okolišu.
03:08
And then we are talking also about materials,
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I onda moramo pričati o materijalima,
03:10
synthetic biology, for example.
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sintetskoj biologiji naprimjer.
03:12
And my belief is that we will get more and more
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I moje vjerovanje je da
ćemo dobiti sve više i više
ćemo dobiti sve više i više
03:15
new materials which we can put into structure later on,
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novih materijala koje možemo
ubaciti u strukturu kasnije,
ubaciti u strukturu kasnije,
03:19
because structure is one of the key issues in aircraft design.
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jer struktura je jedan od
ključnih problema u dizajnu letjelice.
ključnih problema u dizajnu letjelice.
03:23
So let's compare the old world with the new world.
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Usporedimo stari svijet s novim svijetom.
03:27
I just want to show you here what we are doing today.
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Želim vam pokazati što radimo danas.
03:29
So this is a bracket of an A380 crew rest compartment.
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Ovo je nosač kabine
za odmor posade u A380.
za odmor posade u A380.
03:33
It takes a lot of weight,
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Težak je,
03:35
and it follows the classical design rules.
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i slijedi klasična pravila dizajna.
03:38
This here is an equal bracket for the same purpose.
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Ovo je jednak nosač za istu svrhu.
03:41
It follows the design of bone.
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Slijedi dizajn kosti.
03:43
The design process is completely different.
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Proces dizajna je potpuno drugačiji.
03:46
At the one hand, we have 1.2 kilos,
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S jedne strane imamo 1,2 kilograma,
03:49
and at the other hand 0.6 kilos.
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i s druge imamo 0,6 kilograma.
03:51
So this technology, 3D printing, and new design rules
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Ova tehnologija, 3D printanje,
i nova pravila dizajna
i nova pravila dizajna
03:54
really help us to reduce the weight,
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zaista nam pomažu smanjiti težinu,
03:56
which is the biggest issue in aircraft design,
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koja je najveći problem
kod dizajna letjelice,
kod dizajna letjelice,
03:58
because it's directly linked to greenhouse gas emissions.
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jer je direktno povezana s
emisijom stakleničkih plinova.
emisijom stakleničkih plinova.
04:01
Push this idea a little bit forward.
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Pogurajmo ovu ideju malo naprijed.
04:03
So how does nature build its components and structures?
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Kako priroda radi
svoje odjeljke i strukture?
svoje odjeljke i strukture?
04:08
So nature is very clever. It puts all the information
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Priroda je zaista pametna.
Stavlja sve informacije
Stavlja sve informacije
04:11
into these small building blocks, which we call DNA.
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u ove male gradivneđevne blokove,
koje zovemo DNA.
koje zovemo DNA.
04:14
And nature builds large skeletons out of it.
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I priroda radi velike kosture od toga.
04:16
So we see a bottom-up approach here,
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Vidimo pristup odozgo prema dolje,
04:19
because all the information, as I said, are inside the DNA.
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jer sve informacije,
kao što sam rekao, su u DNA.
kao što sam rekao, su u DNA.
04:22
And this is combined with a top-down approach,
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I ovo je kombinirano s pristupom
odozgo prema dolje,
odozgo prema dolje,
04:24
because what we are doing in our daily life
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jer ono što radimo u svakodnevnom životu
04:26
is we train our muscles, we train our skeleton,
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je da treniramo mišiće, kostur,
04:29
and it's getting stronger.
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i postaje jači.
04:31
And the same approach can be applied to technology as well.
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I isti pristup se može
primjeniti na tehnologiju.
primjeniti na tehnologiju.
04:34
So our building block is carbon nanotubes, for example,
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Naši građevni blokovi su
ugljikove nanocijevi, na primjer,
ugljikove nanocijevi, na primjer,
04:38
to create a large, rivet-less skeleton at the end of the day.
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kako bismo izgradili
veliki kostur bez zakovica.
veliki kostur bez zakovica.
04:42
How this looks in particular, you can show it here.
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Kako to izgleda, možete vidjeti ovdje.
04:45
So imagine you have carbon nanotubes growing
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Zamislite da imate
ugljikove nanocijevi koje rastu
ugljikove nanocijevi koje rastu
04:47
inside a 3D printer,
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unutar 3D printera,
04:49
and they are embedded inside a matrix of plastic,
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i one su uključene u matricu plastike,
04:52
and follow the forces which occur in your component.
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i slijede sile koje se pojave
u vašoj komponenti.
u vašoj komponenti.
04:55
And you've got trillions of them.
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I imate ih trilijune.
04:57
So you really align them to wood,
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Tako da ih zaista poravnate s drvetom,
04:59
and you take this wood and make morphological optimization,
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i uzmete to drvo i radite
morfološku optimizaciju,
morfološku optimizaciju,
05:02
so you make structures, sub-structures,
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pravite strukture, pod-strukture,
05:04
which allows you to transmit electrical energy or data.
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koje vam dozvoljavaju da
prenosite struju ili podatke.
prenosite struju ili podatke.
05:08
And now we take this material, combine this
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I sada uzmemo ovaj materijal, kombiniramo ga
05:10
with a top-down approach,
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s pristupom odozgo prema dolje,
05:11
and build bigger and bigger components.
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i gradimo veće i veće komponente.
05:15
So how might the airplane of the future look?
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Kako bi mogao izgledati
zrakoplov budućnosti?
zrakoplov budućnosti?
05:18
So we have very different seats which adapt
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Imamo različita sjedala
koja se prilagođavaju
koja se prilagođavaju
05:20
to the shape of the future passenger,
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obliku budućeg putnika,
05:22
with the different anthropometrics.
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sa različitom antropometrijom.
05:24
We have social areas inside the aircraft
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Imamo društvena područja unutar letjelice
05:26
which might turn into a place
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koja se mogu pretvoriti
05:29
where you can play virtual golf.
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u mjesta gdje igrate virtualni golf.
05:31
And finally, this bionic structure,
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I na kraju, ova bionička struktura,
05:34
which is covered by a transparent
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prekrivena prozirnom
05:36
biopolymer membrane, will really change radically
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biopolimerskom membranom,
zaista će radikalno
zaista će radikalno
05:40
how we look at aircrafts in the future.
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promijeniti kako gledamo
letjelice u budućnosti.
letjelice u budućnosti.
05:42
So as Jason Silva said,
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Kako je Jason Silva rekao,
05:44
if we can imagine it, why not make it so?
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ako to možemo zamisliti,
zašto ne napraviti?
zašto ne napraviti?
05:47
See you in the future. Thank you.
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Vidimo se u budućnosti. Hvala vam.
05:48
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bastian Schaefer - Aircraft engineerBastian Schaefer and a team of designers at Airbus have been imagining the high-concept future of the jet airlplane -- in a future with less fuel and more passengers.
Why you should listen
Bastian Schaefer is the Cabin and Cargo Innovation Manager at Airbus Operations -- and leads a group of far-thinking engineers who are building out a concept plane. Previously at Airbus, he worked on the development of A380 stairs and components for in-flight entertainment. Between 2006 and 2011 Bastian worked at Bertrand Ingenieurbüro GmbH working on projects with C&D Zodiac Development A350XWB Lavatories, AT Kearney and EADS Technology Watch Consulting. He considers himself a mechanical engineer and has a special interest in cars.
Bastian Schaefer | Speaker | TED.com