ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziyah Gafić - Photographer + storyteller
To help him come to terms with the tragedy of his own homeland, Bosnian photographer Ziyah Gafić turns his camera on the aftermath of conflict, showing his images in galleries, in books and on Instagram.

Why you should listen

Ziyah Gafić uses his camera to capture the aftermath of war. He has traveled to Pakistan, Iraq and Chechnya to capture beautiful portraits of people carrying on with their lives in the face of destruction; he has photographed the everyday lives of children in Rwanda, a generation born from the widespread use of rape as a weapon during the Rwandan genocide. A moving question runs through his work: After war, how do people manage to keep the fabric of society together?

Gafić's interest in this subject comes from his own biography. Born in Sarajevo, he was a teenager during the Bosnian War of the 1990s. Through photography, he parses what happened in his homeland. For his book Quest for Identity, Gafić photographed the watches, keys, shoes, combs and glasses exhumed from mass graves 20 years after the Bosnian War. These objects are cleaned, catalogued and used to help identify the bodies found with them, but afterwards, they become what Gafić calls “orphans of the narrative,” either destroyed or stored away out of sight and out of mind. His quest is to keep them in view as a last testament to the fact that these people existed, preserving them as an easily accessible visual archive that tells the story of what happened—integrating an objective forensic perspective with human compassion.

More profile about the speaker
Ziyah Gafić | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

Ziyah Gafić: Everyday objects, tragic histories

Ziyah Gafic: Svakodnevni predmeti, tragične povijesti

Filmed:
1,040,925 views

Ziyah Gafić fotografira svakodnevne predmete – satove, cipele, naočale. Ali ove fotografije su samo naizgled obične; na njima su predmeti ekshumirani iz masovnih grobnica nastalih u ratu u Bosni. Gafić, TED-ov stipendist rodom iz Sarajeva, fotografirao je svaki predmet iz tih grobova kako bi stvorio živu arhivu identiteta onih koje smo izgubili.
- Photographer + storyteller
To help him come to terms with the tragedy of his own homeland, Bosnian photographer Ziyah Gafić turns his camera on the aftermath of conflict, showing his images in galleries, in books and on Instagram. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
These are simplejednostavan objectsobjekti:
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Ovo su obični predmeti:
00:14
clocksSatovi, keystipke, combsčešljevi, glassesnaočale.
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satovi, ključevi, češljevi, naočale.
00:18
They are the things the victimsžrtve of genocidegenocid in BosniaBosna
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To su stvari koje su
žrtve genocida u Bosni
00:20
carriedprenosi with them on theirnjihov finalkonačni journeyputovanje.
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nosile sa sobom na svoje zadnje putovanje.
00:23
We are all familiarupoznat with these mundanezemaljski,
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Svima su nam poznati ti obični,
00:26
everydaysvaki dan objectsobjekti.
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svakodnevni predmeti.
00:27
The factčinjenica that some of the victimsžrtve carriedprenosi
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Činjenica da su neke od žrtava nosile
00:29
personalosobni itemsstavke suchtakav as
toothpastepasta za zube and a toothbrushčetkica za zube
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osobne predmete kao što su
pasta i četkica za zube
00:32
is a clearčisto signznak they had no ideaideja
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je očit znak da nisu imali pojma
00:35
what was about to happendogoditi se to them.
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što će im se dogoditi.
00:37
UsuallyObično, they were told that they were going to be
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Obično bi im rekli da će ih
00:39
exchangedrazmjenjuju for prisonerszatvorenici of warrat.
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razmijeniti za ratne zarobljenike.
00:42
These itemsstavke have been recoveredObnova
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Ovi predmeti su nađeni
00:44
from numerousbrojan massmasa gravesgrobovi acrosspreko my homelandzavičaj,
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u mnogim masovnim grobnicama
diljem moje domovine,
00:47
and as we speakgovoriti, forensicsforenzika are exhumingekshumacije bodiestjelesa
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i u ovom trenutku,
forenzičari ekshumiraju tijela
00:49
from newlynovo discoveredotkriven massmasa gravesgrobovi,
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iz novootkrivene masovne grobnice,
00:51
20 yearsgodina after the warrat.
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20 godina poslije rata.
00:53
And it is quitedosta possiblymožda the largestnajveći ever discoveredotkriven.
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Vrlo je vjerojatno da je to
najveća dosad otkrivena.
00:57
DuringTijekom the fourčetiri yearsgodina of conflictsukob
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Tijekom četiri godine sukoba
00:59
that devastatedrazoren the Bosnianbosanski nationnarod in the earlyrano '90s,
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koji su razarali bosansku
naciju u ranim devedesetima,
01:02
approximatelypribližno 30,000 citizensgrađani, mainlyuglavnom civilianscivila,
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oko 30,000 građana, uglavnom civila,
01:05
wentotišao missingnedostaje, presumedpretpostavlja se da je killedubijen,
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je nestalo, pretpostavlja
se da je ubijeno,
01:07
and anotherjoš 100,000 were killedubijen
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i jos 100,000 je ubijeno
01:09
duringza vrijeme combatborba operationsoperacije.
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tijekom borbenih akcija.
01:11
MostVećina of them were killedubijen
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Većina ih je ubijena
01:13
eitherili in the earlyrano daysdana of the warrat
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ili na početku rata
01:14
or towardsza the endkraj of the hostilitiesneprijateljstvima,
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ili već pred kraj sukoba,
01:16
when U.N. safesef zoneszone like SrebrenicaSrebrenica
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kad su U.N.-ove sigurne
zone poput Srebrenice
01:19
fellpao into the handsruke of the SerbSrba armyvojska.
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pale u ruke Srpske vojske.
01:22
The internationalmeđunarodna criminalkriminalac tribunalsud
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Međunarodni sud
01:24
deliveredisporučena a numberbroj of sentencesrečenice
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je donio nekoliko presuda
01:26
for crimesza zločine againstprotiv humanityčovječanstvo and genocidegenocid.
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za zločine protiv humanosti i genocid.
01:29
GenocideGenocid is a systematicsustavno and deliberatenamjerno
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Genocid je sustavno i namjerno
01:32
destructionrazaranje of a racialrasni, politicalpolitički, religiousvjerski
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uništavanje rasne, političke, vjerske
01:36
or ethnicetnički groupskupina.
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ili etničke skupine.
01:37
As much as genocidegenocid is about killingubijanje.
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Kolko se u genocidu radi o ubijanju
01:40
It is alsotakođer about destroyinguništavanje theirnjihov propertysvojstvo,
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tolko se radi i o
uništavanju njihove imovine,
01:43
theirnjihov culturalkulturni heritagebaština,
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njihove kulturne baštine,
01:45
and ultimatelyna kraju the very notionpojam that they ever existedpostojala.
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i na kraju, same misli
da su ikad postojali.
01:48
GenocideGenocid is not only about the killingubijanje;
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U genocidu se ne radi samo o ubijanju;
01:51
it is about the deniedodbijen identityidentitet.
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radi se o negiranju identiteta.
01:54
There are always tracestragovi
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Uvijek postoje dokazi –
01:55
no suchtakav thing as a perfectsavršen crimekriminal.
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ne postoji savršen zločin.
01:57
There are always remnantsostaci of the perishedsu stradali onesone
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Uvijek postoje ostaci stradalih
02:00
that are more durableizdržljiv than theirnjihov fragilelomljiv bodiestjelesa
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koji su izdržljiviji od
njihovih krhkih tijela,
02:02
and our selectiveselektivno and fadingopadajući memorymemorija of them.
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i našeg selektivnog i
blijedećeg sjećanja na njih.
02:06
These itemsstavke are recoveredObnova
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Ovi predmeti su nađeni
02:09
from numerousbrojan massmasa gravesgrobovi,
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u mnogim masovnim grobnicama,
02:10
and the mainglavni goalcilj of this collectionkolekcija of the itemsstavke
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i glavni cilj ove kolekcije predmeta
02:13
is a uniquejedinstvena processpostupak
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je jedinstven proces
02:15
of identifyingidentificiranje those who disappearednestao in the killingsubojstva,
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identifikacije onih koji su nestali
02:18
the first actčin of genocidegenocid on EuropeanEuropski soiltlo
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u prvom genocidu na europskom tlu
02:21
sinceod the HolocaustSpomenik žrtvama holokausta.
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nakon Holokausta.
02:22
Not a singlesingl bodytijelo should remainostati undiscoveredneotkrivena
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Ni jedno tijelo ne bi
trebalo ostati neotkriveno
02:25
or unidentifiedNeidentificirani.
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niti neidentificirano.
02:27
OnceJednom recoveredObnova,
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Jednom nađeni,
02:28
these itemsstavke that the victimsžrtve carriedprenosi with them
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ti predmeti koje su žrtve nosile sa sobom
02:31
on theirnjihov way to executionizvršenje
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na smaknuće
02:33
are carefullypažljivo cleanedočišćeni, analyzedanaliziraju,
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se pažljivo čiste, analiziraju,
02:35
cataloguedkatalogizira and storedpohranjene.
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kategoriziraju i spremaju.
02:37
ThousandsTisuće of artifactsartefakata are
packedupakiran in whitebijela plasticplastika bagsvrećice
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Tisuće artefakata je
spakirano u bijele plastične vrećice
02:40
just like the onesone you see on CSICSI.
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poput onih koje vidite na CSI-u.
02:43
These objectsobjekti are used as a forensicsudski toolalat
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Ti predmeti se koriste kao forenzički alat
02:45
in visualvidni identificationIdentifikacija of the victimsžrtve,
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u vizualnoj identifikaciji žrtava,
02:48
but they are alsotakođer used as
very valuablevrijedan forensicsudski evidencedokaz
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ali su također
vrlo vrijedni forenzički dokazi
02:51
in the ongoingu tijeku warrat crimesza zločine trialsispitivanja.
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u suđenjima za ratne zločine.
02:54
SurvivorsPreživjeli are occasionallypovremeno calledzvao
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Ponekad se pozovu preživjeli
02:56
to try to identifyidentificirati these itemsstavke physicallytjelesno,
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da probaju fizički
identificirati ove predmete,
02:59
but physicalfizička browsingpregledavanje is extremelykrajnje difficulttežak,
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ali fizičko pregledavanje je jako teško,
03:02
an ineffectiveneučinkovit and painfulbolan processpostupak.
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to je neučinkovit i bolan proces.
03:05
OnceJednom the forensicsforenzika and doctorsliječnici and lawyersodvjetnici
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Jednom kad forenzičari
i doktori i odvjetnici
03:09
are doneučinio with these objectsobjekti,
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završe s tim predmetima,
03:10
they becomepostati orphanssiročad of the narrativepripovijest.
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oni postanu siročad ove priče.
03:13
ManyMnogi of them get destroyeduništen, believe it or not,
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Mnogo ih se uništi, vjerovali ili ne,
03:16
or they get simplyjednostavno shelvedpolice,
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ili ih jednostavno gurnu na police,
03:17
out of sightvid and out of mindum.
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daleko od očiju i od srca.
03:20
I decidedodlučio a fewnekoliko yearsgodina agoprije
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Prije par godina sam odlučio
03:22
to photographfotografirati everysvaki singlesingl exhumedekshumirano itemartikal
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fotografirati baš svaki
ekshumirani predmet
03:25
in ordernarudžba to createstvoriti a visualvidni archiveArhiva
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kako bi stvorio vizualnu arhivu
03:27
that survivorspreživjeli could easilylako browsePregledaj.
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koju bi preživjeli lako
mogli pretraživati.
03:30
As a storytellerPripovjedač, I like to give back to the communityzajednica.
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Kao pripovijedač, volim vraćati zajednici.
03:34
I like to movepotez beyondIznad raisingpodizanje awarenesssvijest.
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Volim raditi više od samog dizanja svijesti.
03:37
And in this casespis, someonenetko maysvibanj
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I u ovom slučaju, netko bi mogao
03:39
recognizeprepoznati these itemsstavke
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prepoznati ove stvari
03:41
or at leastnajmanje theirnjihov photographsfotografije will remainostati
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ili bar njihove fotografije koje ostaju
03:43
as a permanenttrajan, unbiasednepristran and accuratetočan reminderpodsjetnik
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kao trajni, nepristrani i točni podsjetnici
03:47
of what happeneddogodilo.
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onoga što se dogodilo.
03:49
PhotographyFotografije is about empathysuosjecanje,
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U fotografiji se radi o empatiji,
03:51
and the familiarityupoznatost of these
itemsstavke guaranteejamčiti empathysuosjecanje.
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a poznavanje ovih
predmeta garantira empatiju.
03:54
In this casespis, I am merelysamo a toolalat,
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U ovom slučaju, ja sam samo alat,
03:57
a forensicsudski, if you like,
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forenzičar, ako želite,
03:59
and the resultproizlaziti is a photographyfotografija that is as closeblizu
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a rezultat je fotografija koja je najbliže
04:01
as possiblemoguće of beingbiće a documentdokument.
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moguće opciji da bude dokument.
04:04
OnceJednom all the missingnedostaje personsosobe are identifiedidentificirati,
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Jednom kad sve nestale
osobe budu identificirane,
04:07
only decayingpropadaju bodiestjelesa in theirnjihov gravesgrobovi
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samo će raspadajuća tijela u grobovima
04:09
and these everydaysvaki dan itemsstavke will remainostati.
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i ovi svakodnevni predmeti ostati.
04:11
In all theirnjihov simplicityjednostavnost,
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U svoj svojoj jednostavnosti,
04:13
these itemsstavke are the last testamentzavjet
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ovi su predmeti posljednji zavjet
04:15
to the identityidentitet of the victimsžrtve,
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identitetu žrtava,
04:17
the last permanenttrajan reminderpodsjetnik
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zadnji preostali podsjetnik
04:19
that these people ever existedpostojala.
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da su ti ljudi ikad postojali.
04:21
Thank you very much.
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Hvala puno.
04:23
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Senzos Osijek
Reviewed by Ivan Stamenkovic

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziyah Gafić - Photographer + storyteller
To help him come to terms with the tragedy of his own homeland, Bosnian photographer Ziyah Gafić turns his camera on the aftermath of conflict, showing his images in galleries, in books and on Instagram.

Why you should listen

Ziyah Gafić uses his camera to capture the aftermath of war. He has traveled to Pakistan, Iraq and Chechnya to capture beautiful portraits of people carrying on with their lives in the face of destruction; he has photographed the everyday lives of children in Rwanda, a generation born from the widespread use of rape as a weapon during the Rwandan genocide. A moving question runs through his work: After war, how do people manage to keep the fabric of society together?

Gafić's interest in this subject comes from his own biography. Born in Sarajevo, he was a teenager during the Bosnian War of the 1990s. Through photography, he parses what happened in his homeland. For his book Quest for Identity, Gafić photographed the watches, keys, shoes, combs and glasses exhumed from mass graves 20 years after the Bosnian War. These objects are cleaned, catalogued and used to help identify the bodies found with them, but afterwards, they become what Gafić calls “orphans of the narrative,” either destroyed or stored away out of sight and out of mind. His quest is to keep them in view as a last testament to the fact that these people existed, preserving them as an easily accessible visual archive that tells the story of what happened—integrating an objective forensic perspective with human compassion.

More profile about the speaker
Ziyah Gafić | Speaker | TED.com