ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robin Murphy - Disaster roboticist
Robin Murphy researches robots -- ground, aerial and marine -- that can help out during disasters.

Why you should listen

Robin Murphy imagines how robots can do tasks no human could amid scenes of disaster hard to imagine, from the World Trade Center disaster to Hurricane Katrina to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear emergency. In her recent book, Disaster Robotics, she lays out her research into the problem, which pulls together artificial intelligence, robotics and human-robot interaction.

At Texas A&M, Murphy is the director of the Center for Robot-Assisted Search and Rescue and the Center for Emergency Informatics. She also co-founded the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society’s Technical Committee on Safety Security and Rescue Robotics and its annual conference. Her field work, combined with technology transfer and research community-building activities, led to her receiving the 2014 ACM Eugene L. Lawler Award for Humanitarian Contributions within Computer Science and Informatics.

More profile about the speaker
Robin Murphy | Speaker | TED.com
TEDWomen 2015

Robin Murphy: These robots come to the rescue after a disaster

Robin Murphy: Ovi roboti dolaze u spas nakon katastrofe

Filmed:
1,125,212 views

Kada nastupi katastrofa, tko je prvi na poprištu? Sve više, to su roboti. U svom laboratoriju, Robin Murphy stvara robote koji lete, kopaju, plivaju i puzaju kroz mjesta katastrofe, pomažući vatrogascima i spasiocima da spase više života na sigurniji način -- i pomognu zajednicama da se vrate u normalno stanje do tri godine brže.
- Disaster roboticist
Robin Murphy researches robots -- ground, aerial and marine -- that can help out during disasters. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Over a millionmilijuna people are killedubijen
eachsvaki yeargodina in disasterskatastrofa.
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Svake godine u katastrofama pogine
preko milijun ljudi.
00:17
Two and a halfpola millionmilijuna people
will be permanentlytrajno disabledonesposobljen or displacedraseljeni,
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Dva i pol milijuna ljudi
je trajno onesposobljeno i raseljeno,
00:23
and the communitieszajednice will take
20 to 30 yearsgodina to recoveroporavak
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a zajednicama je potrebno
20 do 30 godina za oporavak
00:27
and billionsmilijarde of economicekonomski lossesgubici.
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dok ekonomski gubici broje milijarde.
00:31
If you can reducesmanjiti
the initialpočetni responseodgovor by one day,
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Kad bi se početni odaziv smanjio
za jedan dan
00:35
you can reducesmanjiti the overallCjelokupni recoveryoporavak
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bilo bi moguće smanjiti
cjelokupni oporavak
00:39
by a thousandtisuću daysdana, or threetri yearsgodina.
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za tisuću dana ili tri godine.
00:41
See how that worksdjela?
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Pogledajmo kako to radi?
00:43
If the initialpočetni responderss odgovorom
can get in, saveuštedjeti livesživot,
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Kad bi početni odaziv stigao,
spasio živote
00:46
mitigateublažavanje whateveršto god floodingpoplava
dangeropasnost there is,
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ublažio prisutne opasnosti poplave,
00:49
that meanssredstva the other groupsgrupe can get in
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druge grupe bi mogle prići
00:51
to restorevratiti the watervoda,
the roadsceste, the electricityelektricitet,
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vratiti vodu, ceste, struju.
00:54
whichkoji meanssredstva then the constructionizgradnja people,
the insuranceosiguranje agentsagenti,
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Što znači da građevinari,
osiguravatelji,
00:57
all of them can get in
to rebuildobnoviti the houseskuća,
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svi oni bi mogli prići i
obnoviti kuće,
01:00
whichkoji then meanssredstva
you can restorevratiti the economyEkonomija,
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što znači da je moguće obnoviti
ekonomiju,
01:03
and maybe even make it better
and more resilientelastičan to the nextSljedeći disasterkatastrofa.
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a možda i poboljšati i učiniti
otpornijom na sljedeću katastrofu.
01:09
A majorglavni insuranceosiguranje companydruštvo told me
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Velika osiguravajuća
tvrtka je rekla
01:11
that if they can get a homeowner'svlasnika claimzahtjev
processedobrađuju one day earlierranije,
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da kad bi se zahtjev vlasnika
kuća obradio jedan dan ranije,
01:16
it'llto će make a differencerazlika of sixšest monthsmjeseci
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činilo bi razliku od šest mjeseci
01:18
in that personosoba gettinguzimajući
theirnjihov home repairedpopravljen.
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u popravku doma te osobe.
01:22
And that's why I do disasterkatastrofa roboticsRobotika --
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I zato se ja bavim
robotikom katastrofa --
01:24
because robotsroboti can
make a disasterkatastrofa go away fasterbrže.
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zato što omogućuju ubrzavanje
prolaska katastrofe.
01:30
Now, you've alreadyveć seenvidio
a couplepar of these.
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Sada, već ste vidjeli nekoliko ovakvih.
01:32
These are the UAVsUAVs.
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Ovo su UAV-i.
01:34
These are two typesvrste of UAVsUAVs:
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Ovo su dvije vrste UAV-a:
01:35
a rotorcraftrotokopter, or hummingbirdKolibri;
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letjelica s rotirajućim krilima, kolibri
01:37
a fixed-wingfiksna krila, a hawkSokol.
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letjelica s nepokretnim krilom, sokol
01:39
And they're used extensivelyopsežno sinceod 2005 --
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A opsežno se koriste od 2005. godine --
01:43
HurricaneUragan KatrinaKatrina.
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Uragana Katrina.
01:44
Let me showpokazati you how this hummingbirdKolibri,
this rotorcraftrotokopter, worksdjela.
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Pokazat ću vam kako ovaj kolibri,
ova rotirajuća letjelica, radi.
01:47
FantasticFantastičan for structuralstrukturalan engineersinženjeri.
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Fantastično za građevinske inženjere.
01:50
BeingSe ableu stanju to see damagešteta from angleskutovi you
can't get from binocularsdvogled on the groundtlo
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Mogu vidjeti oštećenje iz kuteva
koje ne dohvati dalekozor sa tla
01:55
or from a satellitesatelit imageslika,
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ili satelitska snimka,
01:56
or anything flyingleteći at a higherviši anglekut.
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ili bilo što, što leti pod višim kutem.
02:00
But it's not just structuralstrukturalan engineersinženjeri
and insuranceosiguranje people who need this.
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Ali ne trebaju samo građevinari i
osiguravatelji ovakvu tehnologiju.
02:04
You've got things
like this fixed-wingfiksna krila, this hawkSokol.
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Postoji nešto kao što je ova
letjelica, sokol.
02:07
Now, this hawkSokol can be used
for geospatialgeoprostorne surveysankete.
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Ova letjelica se može koristiti za
prostorne nadzore.
02:10
That's where you're
pullingpovlačenjem imagerylik togetherzajedno
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Pri tome se spajaju
slike zajedno
02:13
and gettinguzimajući 3D reconstructionrekonstrukcija.
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i dobiva 3D rekonstrukcija.
02:15
We used bothoba of these at the OsoOso mudslidesMudslides
up in WashingtonWashington StateDržava,
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Koristili smo obje pri pregledu Oso
klizišta u državi Washington,
02:19
because the bigvelika problemproblem
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jer je veliki problem
02:21
was geospatialgeoprostorne and hydrologicalHidrološki
understandingrazumijevanje of the disasterkatastrofa --
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bilo prostorno i hidrološko razumijevanje
katastrofe --
02:24
not the searchtraži and rescuespasiti.
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a ne potraga i spašavanje.
02:26
The searchtraži and rescuespasiti teamstimovi
had it underpod controlkontrolirati
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Spasilački timovi su
imali sve pod kontrolom
02:28
and knewznao what they were doing.
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i znali su što rade.
02:30
The biggerveći problemproblem was that riverRijeka
and mudslideklizište mightmoć wipebrisanje them out
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Veći je problem je bila mogućnost da ih
rijeka i klizište ne uništi
02:33
and floodpoplava the responderss odgovorom.
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i poplavi odaziv.
02:35
And not only was it challengingizazovno
to the responderss odgovorom and propertysvojstvo damagešteta,
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I ne samo da je bio izazov za odaziv i
štetu imovine,
02:39
it's alsotakođer puttingstavljanje at riskrizik
the futurebudućnost of salmonlosos fishingribolov
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već je postala rizična i budućnost
ribolova lososa
02:42
alonguz that partdio of WashingtonWashington StateDržava.
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u tom dijelu države Washington.
02:44
So they neededpotreban to understandrazumjeti
what was going on.
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Zato je bilo potrebno razumijeti
što se događa.
02:46
In sevensedam hourssati, going from ArlingtonArlington,
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Za sedam sati, odlaskom iz Arlingtona,
02:49
drivingvožnja from the IncidentIncidenta CommandNaredba PostPost
to the sitemjesto, flyingleteći the UAVsUAVs,
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vožnja od Zapovjednog mjesta incidenta
do poprišta, let UAV-a,
02:54
processingobrada the datapodaci, drivingvožnja back
to ArlingtonArlington commandnaredba postpošta --
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obrada podataka, vožnja natrag u
zapovjedno mjesto Arlington --
02:57
sevensedam hourssati.
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sedam sati.
02:59
We gavedali them in sevensedam hourssati
datapodaci that they could take
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Imali su sedam sati za podatke
kojima inače treba
03:02
only two to threetri daysdana
to get any other way --
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dva do tri dana
bilo kojim drugim načinom --
03:06
and at higherviši resolutionrezolucija.
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i u većoj razlučivosti.
03:09
It's a gameigra changermjenjač.
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Totalni preokret.
03:11
And don't just think about the UAVsUAVs.
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I ne mislite samo na UAV-e.
03:13
I mean, they are sexyseksi -- but rememberzapamtiti,
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Mislim, seksi su -- ali sjetite se,
03:16
80 percentposto of the world'ssvijetu
populationpopulacija livesživot by watervoda,
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80 posto svjetske populacije
živi pokraj vode,
03:19
and that meanssredstva our criticalkritično
infrastructureinfrastruktura is underwaterpod vodom --
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što znači da je kritična infrastruktura
ispod vode --
03:22
the partsdijelovi that we can't get to,
like the bridgesmostovi and things like that.
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dijelovi do kojih ne možemo doći,
kao što su mostovi i drugo.
03:26
And that's why we have
unmannedbez posade marinemarinac vehiclesvozila,
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Zato imamo bezposadna morska vozila,
03:28
one typetip of whichkoji you've alreadyveć metsastali,
whichkoji is SARbotSARbot, a squarekvadrat dolphindupin.
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jednog tipa kojeg ste već sreli,
SAR-bot, četvrtasti delfin.
03:33
It goeside underwaterpod vodom and usesnamjene sonarsonara.
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Ide ispod vode i koristi sonar.
03:35
Well, why are marinemarinac vehiclesvozila so importantvažno
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Dakle, zašto su morska vozila toliko bitna
03:38
and why are they very, very importantvažno?
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i zašto su tako jako, jako bitna?
03:41
They get overlookedprevidjeti.
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Često se previde.
03:42
Think about the Japanesejapanski tsunamicunami --
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Razmislite o tsunamiju u Japanu --
03:45
400 milesmilja of coastlandpriobalja totallypotpuno devastatedrazoren,
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644 km obale potpuno uništeno,
03:49
twicedvaput the amountiznos of coastlandpriobalja devastatedrazoren
by HurricaneUragan KatrinaKatrina in the UnitedUjedinjeni StatesDržava.
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dvostruko više od količine obale uništene
uraganom Katrina u SAD-u.
03:54
You're talkingkoji govori about your bridgesmostovi,
your pipelinescjevovodi, your portsluka -- wipedBrisanje out.
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Pričamo o vašim mostovima,
cijevima, lukama -- uništeni.
03:57
And if you don't have a portluka,
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A ako nemate luku,
03:59
you don't have a way
to get in enoughdovoljno reliefolakšanje suppliespribor
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nemate način da stigne pomoćna opskrba
04:02
to supportpodrška a populationpopulacija.
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da izdrži populaciju.
04:04
That was a hugeogroman problemproblem
at the HaitiHaiti earthquakepotres.
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To je bio ogroman problem kod
potresa na Haitiju.
04:07
So we need marinemarinac vehiclesvozila.
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Zato su nam potrebna morska vozila
04:09
Now, let's look at a viewpointstajališta
from the SARbotSARbot
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Sad, pogledajmo gledište SAR-bota
04:12
of what they were seeingvidim.
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što su oni vidjeli.
04:13
We were workingrad on a fishingribolov portluka.
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Radili smo na ribarskoj luci.
04:15
We were ableu stanju to reopenponovno otvori that fishingribolov portluka,
usingkoristeći her sonarsonara, in fourčetiri hourssati.
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Otvorili smo tu ribarsku luku, koristeći
sonar, za četiri sata.
04:21
That fishingribolov portluka was told
it was going to be sixšest monthsmjeseci
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Ribarskoj luci su rekli da je
potrebno šest mjeseci
04:24
before they could get
a manualpriručnik teamtim of diversRonioci in,
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da bi tim ronioca prišao,
04:27
and it was going to take
the diversRonioci two weeksTjedni.
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i da će roniocima biti potrebno
dva tjedna.
04:29
They were going to misspropustiti
the fallpad fishingribolov seasonsezona,
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Propustili bi jesensku ribarsku sezonu,
04:32
whichkoji was the majorglavni economyEkonomija for that partdio,
whichkoji is kindljubazan of like theirnjihov CapeRT CodBakalar.
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što je velik ekonomski gubitak za taj kraj
koji je nešto kao njihov Cape Cod.
04:36
UMVsUMVs, very importantvažno.
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UMV, vrlo značajni.
04:38
But you know, all the robotsroboti
I've shownprikazan you have been smallmali,
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Ali znate, svi roboti koje
sam vam pokazala su bili mali,
04:41
and that's because robotsroboti
don't do things that people do.
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a to je zato što roboti ne rade stvari
koje ljudi rade.
04:45
They go placesmjesta people can't go.
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Idu na mjesta na koja ljudi ne mogu.
04:47
And a great exampleprimjer of that is BujoldBujold.
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Izvrstan primjer za to je Bujold.
04:50
UnmannedBez posade groundtlo vehiclesvozila
are particularlynaročito smallmali,
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Bezposadna vozila na tlu
su posebno mala,
04:53
so BujoldBujold --
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pa Bujold --
04:55
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
04:56
Say hellozdravo to BujoldBujold.
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Pozdravite Bujolda.
04:58
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
05:01
BujoldBujold was used extensivelyopsežno
at the WorldSvijet TradeTrgovina CenterCentar
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Bujold se opsežno koristio u
WTC-u
05:04
to go throughkroz TowersKule 1, 2 and 4.
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u tornjevima 1, 2 i 4.
05:07
You're climbingpenjanje into the rubblekrš,
rappellingrappelling down, going deepduboko in spacesprostori.
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Penjete se po ruševinama, spuštate se,
idete dubokim prolazima.
05:12
And just to see the WorldSvijet TradeTrgovina CenterCentar
from Bujold'sBujold je viewpointstajališta, look at this.
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Da bi vidjeli WTC iz perspektive Bujolda,
pogledajte ovo.
05:16
You're talkingkoji govori about a disasterkatastrofa
where you can't fitodgovara a personosoba or a dogpas --
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Pričamo o katastrofi gdje ne stane
osoba ni pas --
05:21
and it's on firevatra.
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i pri tome je požar.
05:23
The only hopenada of gettinguzimajući
to a survivorpreživjeli way in the basementpodrum,
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Jedina nada da dođete do prolaska za spas
u podrumu,
05:27
you have to go throughkroz things
that are on firevatra.
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je da prođete kroz vatru.
05:29
It was so hotvruće, on one of the robotsroboti,
the trackspjesme beganpočeo to meltrastopiti and come off.
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Bilo je toliko vruće, da se na jednom
robotu gusjenica počela topiti i spadati.
05:35
RobotsRoboti don't replacezamijeniti people or dogspsi,
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Roboti ne zamjenjuju ljude ili pse,
05:37
or hummingbirdskolibriji or hawksjastrebovi or dolphinsDupini.
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ili kolibrije ili sokole ili delfine.
05:40
They do things newnovi.
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Rade stvari na nov način.
05:42
They assistpomoći the responderss odgovorom,
the expertsstručnjaci, in newnovi and innovativeinovativan waysnačine.
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Pomažu odazivu, stručnjacima na nove
i inovativne načine.
05:48
The biggestnajveći problemproblem is not
makingizrađivanje the robotsroboti smallermanji, thoughiako.
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Najveći problem nije napraviti robote
manjima.
05:52
It's not makingizrađivanje them more heat-resistantotporna na toplinu.
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Niti otpornijima na toplinu.
05:54
It's not makingizrađivanje more sensorssenzori.
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Niti napraviti više senzora.
05:56
The biggestnajveći problemproblem is the datapodaci,
the informaticsInformatika,
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Najveći problem su podaci,
informatika,
06:00
because these people need to get
the right datapodaci at the right time.
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zato što ovi ljudi trebaju prave podatke
u pravo vrijeme.
06:04
So wouldn'tne bi it be great if we could have
expertsstručnjaci immediatelyodmah accesspristup the robotsroboti
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Ne bi li bilo divno da stručnjaci mogu
odmah pristupiti robotima
06:09
withoutbez havingima to wastegubljenje any time
of drivingvožnja to the sitemjesto,
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bez gubljenja vremena na vožnju
do poprišta nesreće,
06:12
so whoever'sTko je there,
use theirnjihov robotsroboti over the InternetInternet.
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pa tko god je tamo,
iskoristi svog robota preko interneta.
06:15
Well, let's think about that.
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Razmislimo o tome.
06:17
Let's think about a chemicalkemijski
trainvlak derailmentIskliznuće in a ruralruralna countyokrug.
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Razmislimo o kemijskom iskliznuću vlaka
u seoskom okrugu.
06:20
What are the oddsizgledi that the expertsstručnjaci,
your chemicalkemijski engineerinženjer,
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Koje su šanse da su stručnjaci,
vaš kemijski inženjer,
06:24
your railroadželjeznica transportationtransport engineersinženjeri,
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vaši inženjeri željezničkog prijevoza,
06:26
have been trainedobučen on whateveršto god UAVUAV
that particularposebno countyokrug happensdogađa se to have?
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trenirani na bilo kakvom UAV-u
kojeg vaš okrug posjeduje?
06:31
ProbablyVjerojatno, like, nonenijedan.
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Vjerojatno, nikakve.
06:32
So we're usingkoristeći these kindsvrste of interfacessučelja
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Zato koristimo ovakva sučelja
06:35
to allowdopustiti people to use the robotsroboti
withoutbez knowingpoznavanje what robotrobot they're usingkoristeći,
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da omogućimo ljudima da koriste robote
bez znanja kojeg robota koriste.
06:39
or even if they're usingkoristeći a robotrobot or not.
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ili koriste li uopće robote ili ne.
06:44
What the robotsroboti give you,
what they give the expertsstručnjaci, is datapodaci.
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Ono što roboti daju,
što roboti daju stručnjacima, su podaci.
06:50
The problemproblem becomespostaje:
who getsdobiva what datapodaci when?
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Problem je dakle:
tko dobiva podatke i kada?
06:53
One thing to do is to shipbrod
all the informationinformacija to everybodysvi
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Jedna stvar je dostaviti sve informacije
svima
06:57
and let them sortvrsta it out.
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i pustiti da ih sortiraju.
06:59
Well, the problemproblem with that
is it overwhelmsnadjačava the networksmreže,
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Problem pri tome je preopterećenje mreža,
07:03
and worsegore yetjoš, it overwhelmsnadjačava
the cognitivespoznajni abilitiessposobnosti
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i još gore, preopterećuje
kognitivne sposobnosti
07:06
of eachsvaki of the people tryingtežak to get
that one nuggetgrumen of informationinformacija
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svakog čovjeka koji pokušava doći do
komadića informacije
07:11
they need to make the decisionodluka
that's going to make the differencerazlika.
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oni moraju donijeti odluke koje će
donijeti promjenu.
07:15
So we need to think
about those kindsvrste of challengesizazovi.
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Zato moramo razmisliti o
takvim izazovima.
07:19
So it's the datapodaci.
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Dakle, podaci su u pitanju
07:20
Going back to the WorldSvijet TradeTrgovina CenterCentar,
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Vratimo se na WTC,
07:22
we triedpokušala to solveriješiti that problemproblem
by just recordingsnimanje the datapodaci from BujoldBujold
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pokušavali smo rješiti taj problem
snimajući samo podatke iz Bujolda
07:26
only when she was deepduboko in the rubblekrš,
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samo kad je bila duboko u ruševinama,
07:28
because that's what the USARUSAR teamtim
said they wanted.
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zato što je USAR tim to tražio.
07:32
What we didn't know at the time
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Ono što nismo znali tada
07:35
was that the civilgrađanski engineersinženjeri
would have lovedvoljen,
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je da bi građevinski inženjeri voljeli,
07:37
neededpotreban the datapodaci as we recordedzabilježena
the boxkutija beamsgrede, the serialserijski numbersbrojevi,
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trebali podatke dok smo snimali
noseće grede, serijske brojeve,
07:41
the locationslokacije, as we wentotišao into the rubblekrš.
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lokacije, dok je ulazila dublje u ruševine.
07:45
We lostizgubljen valuablevrijedan datapodaci.
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Izgubili smo vrijedne podatke.
07:46
So the challengeizazov is gettinguzimajući all the datapodaci
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Prema tome, izazov je prikupiti
sve podatke
07:49
and gettinguzimajući it to the right people.
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i dostaviti pravim ljudima.
07:51
Now, here'sevo anotherjoš reasonrazlog.
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Evo još jedan razlog.
07:53
We'veMoramo learnednaučeno that some buildingsgrađevine --
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Naučili smo da se neke zgrade --
07:55
things like schoolsškola,
hospitalsbolnice, cityGrad hallsdvorane --
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kao što su škole, bolnice,
gradske vijećnice --
07:59
get inspectedinspekciju fourčetiri timesputa
by differentdrugačiji agenciesagencije
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pregledavaju četiri puta
od strana različitih agencija
08:03
throughoutkroz the responseodgovor phasesfaze.
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tijekom faze odaziva.
08:06
Now, we're looking, if we can get
the datapodaci from the robotsroboti to sharePodjeli,
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Sada, gledamo da ako podijelimo podatke
koje roboti prikupe,
08:09
not only can we do things like
compressoblog that sequenceslijed of phasesfaze
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ne samo da možemo stisnuti slijed faza
08:14
to shortenskratiti the responseodgovor time,
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da bi smanjili vrijeme odaziva,
08:16
but now we can beginpočeti
to do the responseodgovor in parallelparalelno.
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nego možemo paralelno početi sa odazivom.
08:20
EverybodySvi can see the datapodaci.
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Svatko može vidjeti podatke.
08:21
We can shortenskratiti it that way.
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Tako ih možemo skratiti.
08:23
So really, "disasterkatastrofa roboticsRobotika"
is a misnomerpogrešan naziv.
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Tako da, zaista, "robotika katastrofe"
je pogrešan naziv.
08:28
It's not about the robotsroboti.
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Ne radi se o robotima.
08:30
It's about the datapodaci.
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Nego o podacima.
08:32
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
08:35
So my challengeizazov to you:
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Moj izazov za vas je:
08:37
the nextSljedeći time you hearčuti about a disasterkatastrofa,
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sljedeći put kad čujete za katastrofu,
08:40
look for the robotsroboti.
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potražite robote.
08:41
They maysvibanj be undergroundpodzemlje,
they maysvibanj be underwaterpod vodom,
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Možda su ispod zemlje,
možda su ispod vode,
08:44
they maysvibanj be in the skynebo,
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možda su na nebu,
08:46
but they should be there.
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ali bi trebali biti tamo.
08:48
Look for the robotsroboti,
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Potražite robote,
08:49
because robotsroboti are comingdolazak to the rescuespasiti.
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jer roboti dolaze u spas.
08:52
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Sonja Zaric
Reviewed by Ivan Stamenkovic

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robin Murphy - Disaster roboticist
Robin Murphy researches robots -- ground, aerial and marine -- that can help out during disasters.

Why you should listen

Robin Murphy imagines how robots can do tasks no human could amid scenes of disaster hard to imagine, from the World Trade Center disaster to Hurricane Katrina to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear emergency. In her recent book, Disaster Robotics, she lays out her research into the problem, which pulls together artificial intelligence, robotics and human-robot interaction.

At Texas A&M, Murphy is the director of the Center for Robot-Assisted Search and Rescue and the Center for Emergency Informatics. She also co-founded the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society’s Technical Committee on Safety Security and Rescue Robotics and its annual conference. Her field work, combined with technology transfer and research community-building activities, led to her receiving the 2014 ACM Eugene L. Lawler Award for Humanitarian Contributions within Computer Science and Informatics.

More profile about the speaker
Robin Murphy | Speaker | TED.com