TED@IBM
Chieko Asakawa: How new technology helps blind people explore the world
Chieko Asakawa: Kako nove tehnologije omogućavaju slijepima da istražuju svijet
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Kako nam tehnologija pomaže u poboljšanju kvalitete života? Kako možemo istraživati svijet bez korištenja osjetila vida? Izumiteljica i IBMova znanstvenica Chieko Asakawa, koja je slijepa od svoje četrnaeste godine, radi na ovim problemima. U šartmanoj demonstraciji, Chieko nam pokazuje nove tehnologije koje pomažu slijepima istraživati svijet samostalnije no ikad prije ... jer, kako objašnjava, dizajnirajući svijet za pristup invalidima, koristi svima.
Chieko Asakawa - Visionary inventor
Dr. Chieko Asakawa invents technology to make the visually impaired more independent. Full bio
Dr. Chieko Asakawa invents technology to make the visually impaired more independent. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:20
You might think there are
many things that I can't do
many things that I can't do
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Mogli biste pomisliti da postoje
mnoge stvari koje ne mogu raditi
mnoge stvari koje ne mogu raditi
00:23
because I cannot see.
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zato što ne mogu vidjeti.
00:26
That's largely true.
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To je većinom istina.
00:27
Actually, I just needed
to have a bit of help
to have a bit of help
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Zapravo, treba mi samo
malo pomoći
malo pomoći
00:30
to come up to the stage.
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da bih došla na pozornicu.
00:32
But there is also a lot that I can do.
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No, također postoji puno
stvari koje mogu.
stvari koje mogu.
00:35
This is me rock climbing
for the first time.
for the first time.
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Ovdje se prvi put
penjem na stijenu.
penjem na stijenu.
00:39
Actually, I love sports
and I can play many sports,
and I can play many sports,
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Zapravo, obožavam sportove,
i bavim se mnogima,
i bavim se mnogima,
00:43
like swimming, skiing, skating,
scuba diving, running and so on.
scuba diving, running and so on.
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poput plivanja, skijanja, klizanja,
ronjenja, trčanja, i tako dalje.
ronjenja, trčanja, i tako dalje.
00:49
But there is one limitation:
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No imam jednu zapreku:
00:52
somebody needs to help me.
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netko mi mora pomoći.
00:54
I want to be independent.
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Želim biti neovisna.
00:57
I lost my sight at the age of 14
in a swimming pool accident.
in a swimming pool accident.
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Izgubila sam vid s 14 godina
u nesreći u bazenu.
u nesreći u bazenu.
01:02
I was an active, independent teenager,
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Bila sam aktivan, neovisan tinejdžer,
01:05
and suddenly I became blind.
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i odjednom sam postala slijepa.
01:08
The hardest thing for me
was losing my independence.
was losing my independence.
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Najviše me pogodio
gubitak neovisnosti.
gubitak neovisnosti.
01:13
Things that until then seemed simple
became almost impossible to do alone.
became almost impossible to do alone.
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Činilo mi se nemogućim postići išta
bez tuđe pomoći.
bez tuđe pomoći.
01:19
For example, one of my
challenges was textbooks.
challenges was textbooks.
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Na primjer, jedan od izazova
su mi bili udžbenici.
su mi bili udžbenici.
01:24
Back then, there were no
personal computers,
personal computers,
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Tada nije bilo osobnih računala,
01:26
no Internet, no smartphones.
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niti Interneta, niti pametnih telefona.
01:29
So I had to ask one of my two brothers
to read me textbooks,
to read me textbooks,
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Tako da sam morala zamoliti jednog
od braće da mi čita udžbenike,
od braće da mi čita udžbenike,
01:34
and I had to create
my own books in Braille.
my own books in Braille.
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morala sam prepisivati
knjige u Brailleovo pismo.
knjige u Brailleovo pismo.
01:38
Can you imagine?
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Možete li to zamisliti?
01:40
Of course, my brothers
were not happy about it,
were not happy about it,
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Naravno, moja braća nisu
bila pretjerano sretna s time,
bila pretjerano sretna s time,
01:43
and later, I noticed they were not there
whenever I needed them.
whenever I needed them.
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i kasnije, nisu bila tu kad
god sam ih trebala.
god sam ih trebala.
01:47
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:48
I think they tried to stay away from me.
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Mislim da su me se lagano klonila.
01:52
I don't blame them.
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Ne krivim ih.
01:54
I really wanted to be freed
from relying on someone.
from relying on someone.
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Zaista sam htjela biti oslobođena
zavisnosti o drugima.
zavisnosti o drugima.
01:59
That became my strong desire
to ignite innovation.
to ignite innovation.
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To je postao snažan povod
želji za inovacijom.
želji za inovacijom.
02:04
Jump ahead to the mid-1980s.
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Skočimo naprijed u sredinu 1980-ih.
02:06
I got to know cutting-edge technologies
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Upoznala sam mnoge
visoke tehnologije,
visoke tehnologije,
02:09
and I thought to myself,
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i pomislila,
02:11
how come there is no computer technology
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kako to da ne postoji
računalna tehnologija
računalna tehnologija
02:15
to create books in Braille?
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za ispis knjiga u Brailleovo pismo?
02:18
These amazing technologies
must be able to also help people
must be able to also help people
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Te zadivljujuće tehnologije
moraju biti u mogućnost pomoći
moraju biti u mogućnost pomoći
02:22
with limitations like myself.
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ljudima s ograničenjima poput mene.
02:25
That's the moment
my innovation journey began.
my innovation journey began.
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To je trenutak kada je moj
inovacijski put započeo.
inovacijski put započeo.
02:30
I started developing
digital book technologies,
digital book technologies,
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Započela sam razvijati
tehnologije digitalnih knjiga,
tehnologije digitalnih knjiga,
02:34
such as a digital Braille editor,
digital Braille dictionary
digital Braille dictionary
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poput digitalnog editora Braillea,
digitalni Braille riječnik
digitalni Braille riječnik
02:39
and a digital Braille library network.
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i digitalnu umreženu knjižnicu Braillea.
02:43
Today, every student who is visually
impaired can read textbooks,
impaired can read textbooks,
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Danas, svaki student s oštećenjem vida
može čitati udžbenike,
može čitati udžbenike,
02:47
by using personal computers
and mobile devices,
and mobile devices,
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koristeći osobna računala
i prijenosne uređaje,
i prijenosne uređaje,
02:51
in Braille or in voice.
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u Brailleu ili glasovno.
02:53
This may not surprise you,
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To vas možda ne iznenađuje,
02:56
since everyone now has digital books
in their tablets in 2015.
in their tablets in 2015.
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s obzirom da danas u 2015 svi imaju
knjige u svojim tabletima.
knjige u svojim tabletima.
03:01
But Braille went digital
many years before digital books,
many years before digital books,
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No Braille je prešao u digitalno područje
mnogo prije pojave digitalnih knjiga,
mnogo prije pojave digitalnih knjiga,
03:07
already in the late 1980s,
almost 30 years ago.
almost 30 years ago.
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već krajem 1980-ih,
skoro prije 30 godina.
skoro prije 30 godina.
03:13
Strong and specific needs
of the blind people
of the blind people
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Izuzetne i specifične
potrebe slijepih
potrebe slijepih
03:17
made this opportunity to create
digital books way back then.
digital books way back then.
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su pokrenule tu mogućnost
kreiranja digitalnih knjiga.
kreiranja digitalnih knjiga.
03:23
And this is actually not
the first time this happened,
the first time this happened,
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I ovo nije prvi puta da
se nešto takvo dogodilo,
se nešto takvo dogodilo,
03:28
because history shows us
accessibility ignites innovation.
accessibility ignites innovation.
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jer nas povijest uči da
dostupnost pokreće inovaciju.
dostupnost pokreće inovaciju.
03:35
The telephone was invented
while developing a communication tool
while developing a communication tool
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Izum telefona pokrenut je
razvojem telekomunikacijskih alata
razvojem telekomunikacijskih alata
03:39
for hearing impaired people.
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za ljude s oštećenim sluhom.
03:41
Some keyboards were also invented
to help people with disabilities.
to help people with disabilities.
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Određene tipkovnice su izumljene
za potrebe ljudi s invalidnošću.
za potrebe ljudi s invalidnošću.
03:48
Now I'm going to give you
another example from my own life.
another example from my own life.
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Dati ću vam još jedan
primjer iz svog života.
primjer iz svog života.
03:52
In the '90s, people around me
started talking about the Internet
started talking about the Internet
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U 90-ima, ljudi oko mene su
počeli pričati o Internetu
počeli pričati o Internetu
03:56
and web browsing.
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i pregledavanju stranica.
03:58
I remember the first time
I went on the web.
I went on the web.
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Sjećam se prvog puta kad
sam krenula pregledavati web.
sam krenula pregledavati web.
04:02
I was astonished.
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Bila sam zapanjena.
04:04
I could access newspapers
at any time and every day.
at any time and every day.
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Mogla sam pristupiti novinama
bilo kada i svaki dan.
bilo kada i svaki dan.
04:08
I could even search
for any information by myself.
for any information by myself.
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Mogla sam čak i tražiti
informacije o samoj sebi.
informacije o samoj sebi.
04:13
I desperately wanted to help the blind
people have access to the Internet,
people have access to the Internet,
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Očajno sam htjela da slijepi
ljudi dobiju pristup Internetu,
ljudi dobiju pristup Internetu,
04:19
and I found ways to render the web
into synthesized voice,
into synthesized voice,
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i našla sam način prevođenja
stranica u sintetizirani glas,
stranica u sintetizirani glas,
04:24
which dramatically simplified
the user interface.
the user interface.
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koji je dramatično pojednostavio
korisničko sučelje.
korisničko sučelje.
04:28
This led me to develop
the Home Page Reader in 1997,
the Home Page Reader in 1997,
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To me dovelo do razvoja Home Page
Reader-a (čitač stranica) u 1997-oj,
Reader-a (čitač stranica) u 1997-oj,
04:34
first in Japanese and later,
translated into 11 languages.
translated into 11 languages.
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prvo na Japanskom, a kasnije
prevedenom na 11 jezika.
prevedenom na 11 jezika.
04:39
When I developed the Home Page Reader,
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Dok sam razvijala Home Page Reader,
04:42
I got many comments from users.
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dobivala sam mnoštvo
komentara od korisnika.
komentara od korisnika.
04:45
One that I strongly remember said,
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Jednog komentara se posebno sjećam,
04:49
"For me, the Internet
is a small window to the world."
is a small window to the world."
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"Meni osobno, Internet
predstavlja mali prozor u svijet."
predstavlja mali prozor u svijet."
04:55
It was a revolutionary moment
for the blind.
for the blind.
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Bio je to revolucionarni
trenutak za slijepe.
trenutak za slijepe.
04:59
The cyber world became accessible,
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Cyber svijet je postao pristupačan,
05:01
and this technology that we created
for the blind has many uses,
for the blind has many uses,
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i ova tehnologija koju smo proizveli za
slijepe je upotrebljiva na mnoge načine,
slijepe je upotrebljiva na mnoge načine,
05:06
way beyond what I imagined.
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na puno više njih nego sam mislila.
05:08
It can help drivers listen to their emails
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Može pomoći vozačima u
čitanju e-mailova (digitalne pošte)
čitanju e-mailova (digitalne pošte)
05:12
or it can help you listen
to a recipe while cooking.
to a recipe while cooking.
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ili vam može pomoći u preslušavanju
recepta dok kuhate.
recepta dok kuhate.
05:18
Today, I am more independent,
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Danas sam neovisnija nego prije,
05:20
but it is still not enough.
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no to još nije dovoljno.
05:23
For example, when I approached
the stage just now, I needed assistance.
the stage just now, I needed assistance.
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Na primjer, dok sam prilazila
pozornici, trebala mi je pomoć.
pozornici, trebala mi je pomoć.
05:30
My goal is to come up here independently.
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Cilj mi je popeti se ovdje
potpuno neovisno.
potpuno neovisno.
05:34
And not just here.
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I ne samo ovdje.
05:35
My goal is to be able to travel
and do things that are simple to you.
and do things that are simple to you.
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Cilj mi je putovati i raditi sve
jednostavne stvari koje i vi radite.
jednostavne stvari koje i vi radite.
05:42
OK, now let me show you
the latest technologies.
the latest technologies.
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OK, da vam pokažem
najnovije tehnologije.
najnovije tehnologije.
05:45
This is a smartphone app
that we are working on.
that we are working on.
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Ovo je aplikacija na pametnom
mobitelu koju trenutno razvijamo.
mobitelu koju trenutno razvijamo.
05:50
(Video) Electronic voice: 51 feet
to the door, and keep straight.
to the door, and keep straight.
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(video) Elektronski glas: 51 stopa
do vrata, drži se ravno.
do vrata, drži se ravno.
05:57
EV: Take the two doors to go out.
The door is on your right.
The door is on your right.
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EV: Dvoja vrata do izlaska.
Vrata su ti s desna.
Vrata su ti s desna.
06:07
EV: Nick is approaching. Looks so happy.
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EV: Nick prilazi. Izgleda sretno.
06:09
Chieko Asakawa: Hi, Nick!
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Chieko Asakawa:
Bok, Nick!
Bok, Nick!
06:10
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:11
CA: Where are you going?
You look so happy.
You look so happy.
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CA: Gdje si se zaputio?
Izgledaš sretno.
Izgledaš sretno.
06:14
Nick: Oh -- well, my paper
just got accepted.
just got accepted.
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Nick: O -- pa, upravo su
mi primili članak.
mi primili članak.
06:16
CA: That's great! Congratulations.
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CA: Odlične vijesti! Čestitke.
06:17
Nick: Thanks. Wait -- how'd you know
it was me, and that I look happy?
it was me, and that I look happy?
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Nick: Hvala. Čekaj -- kako si znala da
sam to ja i da se doimam sretno?
sam to ja i da se doimam sretno?
06:21
(Chieko and Nick laugh)
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(Chieko i Nick se smiju)
06:22
Man: Hi.
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Čovjek: Bok.
06:24
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:25
CA: Oh ... hi.
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CA: O ... bok.
06:27
EV: He is not talking to you,
but on his phone.
but on his phone.
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EV: Ne priča s tobom,
priča na mobitel.
priča na mobitel.
06:36
EV: Potato chips.
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EV: Čips.
06:45
EV: Dark chocolate with almonds.
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EV: Tamna čokolada s bademima.
06:48
EV: You gained 5 pounds since yesterday;
take apple instead of chocolate.
take apple instead of chocolate.
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EV: Dobila si 2 kile od jučer;
radije uzmi jabuku umjesto čokolade.
radije uzmi jabuku umjesto čokolade.
06:51
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:54
EV: Approaching.
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EV: Prilaziš odredištu.
07:00
EV: You arrived.
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EV: Stigla si.
07:02
CA: Now ...
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CA: Sada ...
07:04
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
07:08
Thank you.
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Hvala.
07:09
So now the app navigates me
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Aplikacija me navodi
07:12
by analyzing beacon signals
and smartphone sensors
and smartphone sensors
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analizirajući primljene signale
i senzore pametnog telefona
i senzore pametnog telefona
07:16
and permits me to move around
indoor and outdoor environments
indoor and outdoor environments
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i dozvoljava mi da se krećem
i u zatvorenim i u otvorenim prostorima
i u zatvorenim i u otvorenim prostorima
07:21
all by myself.
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potpuno samostalno.
07:23
But the computer vision part
that showed who is approaching,
that showed who is approaching,
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No tehnologija računalnog vida
koja mi pokazuje tko mi prilazi,
koja mi pokazuje tko mi prilazi,
07:27
in which mood -- we are still
working on that part.
working on that part.
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i u kojem raspoloženju --
na tome još radimo.
na tome još radimo.
07:32
And recognizing facial expressions
is very important for me to be social.
is very important for me to be social.
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Prepoznavanje izraza lica mi je vrlo
važno jer omogućava druženje.
važno jer omogućava druženje.
07:39
So now the fusions of technologies
are ready to help me
are ready to help me
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Spoj svih ovih tehnologija
mi omogućava
mi omogućava
07:45
see the real world.
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da vidim svijet oko sebe.
07:47
We call this cognitive assistance.
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To nazivamo kognitivnom asistencijom.
07:51
It understands our surrounding world
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Ona razumije svijet
kojim smo okruženi
kojim smo okruženi
07:55
and whispers to me in voice
or sends a vibration to my fingers.
or sends a vibration to my fingers.
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i glasovni mi šapće
ili šalje vibracije po prstima.
ili šalje vibracije po prstima.
08:02
Cognitive assistance will augment
missing or weakened abilities --
missing or weakened abilities --
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Kognitivna asistencija će potpomoći
nedostajuće ili oslabljene sposobnosti --
nedostajuće ili oslabljene sposobnosti --
08:08
in other words, our five senses.
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drugim riječima, naših pet osjetila.
08:11
This technology is only in an early stage,
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Ova tehologija je u ranoj fazi nastanka,
08:14
but eventually, I'll be able to find
a classroom on campus,
a classroom on campus,
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no naposljetku, omogućiti će mi da
pronađem učionicu na kampusu,
pronađem učionicu na kampusu,
08:19
enjoy window shopping
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da uživam u razgledanju izloga
08:21
or find a nice restaurant
while walking along a street.
while walking along a street.
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ili da pronađem neki
fini restoran, u hodu.
fini restoran, u hodu.
08:26
It will be amazing if I can find you
on the street before you notice me.
on the street before you notice me.
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Bit će nevjerojatno ako vas uspijem
spaziti na cesti prije nego vi mene.
spaziti na cesti prije nego vi mene.
08:31
It will become my best buddy, and yours.
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Postat će moj najbolji prijatelj,
no i vaš također.
no i vaš također.
08:36
So, this really is a great challenge.
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Stoga, ovo je odista velik izazov.
08:40
It is a challenge
that needs collaboration,
that needs collaboration,
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To je izazov koji
zahtjeva suradnju,
zahtjeva suradnju,
08:44
which is why we are creating
an open community
an open community
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zato smo stvorili
otvorenu zajednicu
otvorenu zajednicu
08:47
to accelerate research activities.
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koja bi ubrzala
istraživačke aktivnosti.
istraživačke aktivnosti.
08:51
Just this morning, we announced
the open-source fundamental technologies
the open-source fundamental technologies
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Baš ovo jutro smo objavili da
otvaramo kod fundamentalnih tehnologija
otvaramo kod fundamentalnih tehnologija
08:56
you just saw in the video.
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koje ste upravo vidjeli u videu.
08:58
The frontier is the real world.
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Granica je svijet oko nas.
09:01
The blind community is exploring
this technical frontier
this technical frontier
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Društvo slijepih istražuje
ove tehničke fronte
ove tehničke fronte
09:06
and the pathfinder.
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i vodiče.
09:08
I hope to work with you
to explore the new era,
to explore the new era,
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Nadam se da ćemo raditi
zajedno u otkrivanju nove ere,
zajedno u otkrivanju nove ere,
09:12
and the next time that I'm on this stage,
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i da ću idući puta na ovu pozornicu,
09:15
through technology and innovation,
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kroz tehnologiju i inovaciju,
09:17
I will be able to walk up here
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biti u mogućnosti doći
09:19
all by myself.
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potpuno samostalno.
09:21
Thank you so much.
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Puno vam hvala.
09:22
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chieko Asakawa - Visionary inventorDr. Chieko Asakawa invents technology to make the visually impaired more independent.
Why you should listen
Dr. Chieko Asakawa is an IBM Fellow who has been instrumental in furthering accessibility research and development for the past three decades. Challenging thinking on visually impaired technology usage, she leads the development in advancing web accessibility including digital Braille and voice browsers.
The government of Japan awarded the 2013 Medal of Honor with Purple Ribbon to Dr. Asakawa for her outstanding contributions to accessibility research, including the development of a voice browser for the visually impaired. Today, with Carnegie Mellon University, she is working on how accessibility technologies can play a key role in the real world to help create opportunities for more people to actively participate in the society.
Chieko Asakawa | Speaker | TED.com