TED2017
Karim Abouelnaga: A summer school kids actually want to attend
Karim Abouelnaga: Ljetna škola koju djeca zaista žele pohađati
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Tijekom ljeta, djeca iz siromašnih četvrti SAD-a, zaborave gotovo tri mjeseca znanja koje nauče tijekom školske godine. Obrazovni poduzetnik i TED Fellow Karim Abouelnaga želi preokrenuti gubitak naučenog, pretvarajući "ljetnu krizu" u priliku da učenici napreduju i rastu prema svjetlijoj budućnosti.
Karim Abouelnaga - Education entrepreneur
Karim Abouelnaga is working to provide kids with access to high-quality academic summer programming. Full bio
Karim Abouelnaga is working to provide kids with access to high-quality academic summer programming. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Getting a college education
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Dobiti fakultetsku diplomu
00:15
is a 20-year investment.
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je 20-ogodišnje ulaganje.
00:18
When you're growing up poor,
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Kad odrastate u siromaštvu
00:20
you're not accustomed
to thinking that far ahead.
to thinking that far ahead.
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niste navikli razmišljati
tako daleko u budućnost.
tako daleko u budućnost.
00:23
Instead, you're thinking about
where you're going to get your next meal
where you're going to get your next meal
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Nego razmišljate o sljedećem obroku
00:26
and how your family
is going to pay rent that month.
is going to pay rent that month.
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i kako će vaša obitelj
platiti stanarinu taj mjesec.
platiti stanarinu taj mjesec.
00:29
Besides, my parents
and my friends' parents
and my friends' parents
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Osim toga, činilo se da je
mojim roditeljima i roditeljima
mojim roditeljima i roditeljima
00:32
seemed to be doing just fine
driving taxis and working as janitors.
driving taxis and working as janitors.
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mojih prijatelja sasvim dobro
kao vozačima taksija i podvornicima.
kao vozačima taksija i podvornicima.
00:36
It wasn't until I was a teenager
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Tek sam kao tinejdžer
00:38
when I realized I didn't
want to do those things.
want to do those things.
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shvatio da ne želim raditi te poslove.
00:42
By then, I was two-thirds of the way
through my education,
through my education,
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Do tada, bio sam na dvije trećine
svog obrazovanja
svog obrazovanja
00:45
and it was almost too late
to turn things around.
to turn things around.
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i bilo je skoro prekasno
da promijenim situaciju.
da promijenim situaciju.
00:49
When you grow up poor,
you want to be rich.
you want to be rich.
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Kad odrastate siromašni,
želite biti bogati.
želite biti bogati.
00:52
I was no different.
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Isto je sa mnom.
00:54
I'm the second-oldest of seven,
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Rođen sam drugi od sedmero djece,
00:56
and was raised by a single mother
on government aid
on government aid
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odgojila me je samohrana majka
na državnoj pomoći
na državnoj pomoći
00:58
in Queens, New York.
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u Queensu, u New Yorku.
01:00
By virtue of growing up low-income,
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Zbog odrastanja u siromaštvu
01:02
my siblings and I went
to some of New York City's
to some of New York City's
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braća, sestre i ja išli smo
u neke o njujorških
u neke o njujorških
01:05
most struggling public schools.
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najproblematičnijih javnih škola.
01:07
I had over 60 absences
when I was in seventh grade,
when I was in seventh grade,
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Imao sam više od 60 izostanaka
u sedmom razredu
u sedmom razredu
01:11
because I didn't feel like going to class.
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jer mi se nije išlo na nastavu.
01:13
My high school had
a 55 percent graduation rate,
a 55 percent graduation rate,
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U mojoj srednjoj školi
55% učenika maturira
55% učenika maturira
01:16
and even worse,
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i još gore,
01:18
only 20 percent of the kids graduating
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samo 20% djece koja su maturirala
01:20
were college-ready.
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bilo je spremno
za studij.
za studij.
01:22
When I actually did make it to college,
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Kad sam ja zaista dospio na studij
01:25
I told my friend Brennan
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rekao sam prijatelju Brennanu
01:26
how our teachers would always ask us
to raise our hands
to raise our hands
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da su nam učitelji govorili da dignu ruku
01:30
if we were going to college.
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oni koji će ići na fakultet.
01:33
I was taken aback when Brennan said,
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Zapanjilo me je
kad je Brennan rekao,
kad je Brennan rekao,
01:35
"Karim, I've never been asked
that question before."
that question before."
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"Karim, mene to nikad nisu pitali."
01:38
It was always, "What college
are you going to?"
are you going to?"
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Uvijek su pitali:
"Na koji ćeš fakultet ići?"
"Na koji ćeš fakultet ići?"
01:41
Just the way that question is phrased
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Zbog načina kako
je to pitanje postavljeno
je to pitanje postavljeno
01:43
made it unacceptable for him
not to have gone to college.
not to have gone to college.
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bilo mu je neprihvatljivo
da ne ide na fakultet.
da ne ide na fakultet.
01:47
Nowadays I get asked a different question.
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Danas me pitaju drugo pitanje.
01:50
"How were you able to make it out?"
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"Kako si se uspio probiti?"
01:53
For years I said I was lucky,
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Godinama sam govorio da sam imao sreće,
01:57
but it's not just luck.
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ali nije samo sreća.
01:59
When my older brother and I
graduated from high school
graduated from high school
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Kad smo stariji brat i ja maturirali
02:01
at the very same time
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u isto vrijeme
02:03
and he later dropped out
of a two-year college,
of a two-year college,
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i poslije je on prekinuo
dvogodišnji studij,
dvogodišnji studij,
02:05
I wanted to understand why he dropped out
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htio sam razumjeti zašto je on odustao,
02:07
and I kept studying.
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a ja sam nastavio učiti.
02:10
It wasn't until I got to Cornell
as a Presidential Research Scholar
as a Presidential Research Scholar
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Tek kad sam upisao Cornell
kao stipendist
kao stipendist
02:13
that I started to learn about
the very real educational consequences
the very real educational consequences
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počeo sam učiti o vrlo
stvarnim obrazovnim posljedicama
stvarnim obrazovnim posljedicama
02:17
of being raised by a single mother
on government aid
on government aid
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odgoja samohrane majke na državnoj pomoći
02:20
and attending the schools that I did.
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i pohađanja škola u koje sam ja išao.
02:22
That's when my older brother's trajectory
began to make complete sense to me.
began to make complete sense to me.
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Tada sam u potpunosti
shvatio put starijeg brata.
shvatio put starijeg brata.
02:28
I also learned that our most admirable
education reformers,
education reformers,
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Također sam saznao da naši najizvrsniji
reformatori obrazovanja,
reformatori obrazovanja,
02:31
people like Arne Duncan,
the former US Secretary of Education,
the former US Secretary of Education,
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ljudi kao Arne Duncan,
bivši ministar obrazovanja SAD-a,
bivši ministar obrazovanja SAD-a,
02:35
or Wendy Kopp, the founder
of Teach For America,
of Teach For America,
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ili Wendy Kopp, osnivačica
programa Teach For America,
programa Teach For America,
02:38
had never attended an inner city
public school like I had.
public school like I had.
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nikad nisu pohađali siromašne
škole u centru grada kao ja.
škole u centru grada kao ja.
02:41
So much of our education reform
is driven by a sympathetic approach,
is driven by a sympathetic approach,
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Toliko obrazovnih reformi
pokreće suosjećajni pristup
pokreće suosjećajni pristup
02:45
where people are saying,
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u kojem ljudi govore:
02:46
"Let's go and help
these poor inner city kids,
these poor inner city kids,
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"Pomozimo ovoj djeci iz centra grada,
02:49
or these poor black and Latino kids,"
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ili ovoj siromašnoj crnoj i Latino djeci",
02:52
instead of an empathetic approach,
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umjesto empatičkog pristupa
02:54
where someone like me, who had grown up
in this environment, could say,
in this environment, could say,
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kad bi netko poput mene, tko je odrastao
u ovom okruženju, mogao reći:
u ovom okruženju, mogao reći:
02:58
"I know the adversities that you're facing
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"Znam s kakvim se neprilikama susrećeš
03:00
and I want to help you overcome them."
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i želim ti pomoći da ih prevladaš".
03:03
Today when I get questions
about how I made it out,
about how I made it out,
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Kad me danas pitaju kako sam uspio,
03:06
I share that one of the biggest reasons
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kažem da je jedan od najvećih razloga
03:08
is that I wasn't ashamed to ask for help.
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to što me nije bilo sram pitati za pomoć.
03:11
In a typical middle class
or affluent household,
or affluent household,
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U tipičnom bogatom ili
kućanstvu srednje klase,
kućanstvu srednje klase,
03:14
if a kid is struggling,
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ako dijete ima poteškoća,
03:16
there's a good chance that a parent
or a teacher will come to their rescue
or a teacher will come to their rescue
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velike su šanse da će mu
roditelj ili učitelj pomoći
roditelj ili učitelj pomoći
03:20
even if they don't ask for help.
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čak i ako ne pitaju za pomoć.
03:22
However, if that same kid
is growing up poor
is growing up poor
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Međutim, ako to isto dijete
odrasta siromašno
odrasta siromašno
03:24
and doesn't ask for help,
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i ne pita za pomoć,
03:26
there's a good chance
that no one will help them.
that no one will help them.
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velike su šanse da mu nitko neće pomoći.
03:28
There are virtually
no social safety nets available.
no social safety nets available.
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Gotovo da nema dostupnih
društvenih sigurnosnih mreža.
društvenih sigurnosnih mreža.
03:33
So seven years ago,
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Stoga sam prije 7 godina
03:34
I started to reform
our public education system
our public education system
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pokrenuo reformu
našeg javnog obrazovnog sustava,
našeg javnog obrazovnog sustava,
03:37
shaped by my firsthand perspective.
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oblikovanu mojom
perspektivom iz prve ruke.
perspektivom iz prve ruke.
03:40
And I started with summer school.
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I počeo sam s ljetom školom.
03:43
Research tells us that two-thirds
of the achievement gap,
of the achievement gap,
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Istraživanja kažu da bi se dvije
trećine razmaka u postignuću,
trećine razmaka u postignuću,
03:47
which is the disparity
in educational attainment
in educational attainment
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što je nejednakost u obrazovnom dostignuću
03:49
between rich kids and poor kids
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bogate i siromašne djece
03:51
or black kids and white kids,
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ili crne i bijele djece,
03:54
could be directly attributed
to the summer learning loss.
to the summer learning loss.
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moglo izravno povezati
s ljetnim gubitkom naučenog.
s ljetnim gubitkom naučenog.
03:57
In low-income neighborhoods,
kids forget almost three months
kids forget almost three months
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U siromašnim četvrtima djeca
zaborave gotovo tri mjeseca
zaborave gotovo tri mjeseca
04:00
of what they learned
during the school year
during the school year
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gradiva naučenog
tijekom školske godine
tijekom školske godine
04:02
over the summer.
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preko ljeta.
04:03
They return to school in the fall,
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Na jesen se vrate u školu,
04:05
and their teachers
spend another two months
spend another two months
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a njihovi učitelji ih još dva mjeseca
04:07
reteaching them old material.
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ponovno uče staro gradivo.
04:09
That's five months.
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To je pet mjeseci.
04:10
The school year in the United States
is only 10 months.
is only 10 months.
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Školska godina u SAD-u je samo 10 mjeseci.
04:13
If kids lose five months of learning
every single year,
every single year,
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Ako djeca gube pet mjeseci svake godine
04:15
that's half of their education.
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to je pola
njihovog obrazovanja.
njihovog obrazovanja.
04:18
Half.
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Pola.
04:20
If kids were in school over the summer,
then they couldn't regress,
then they couldn't regress,
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Ako su djeca u školi preko ljeta,
tada ne mogu nazadovati,
tada ne mogu nazadovati,
04:24
but traditional summer school
is poorly designed.
is poorly designed.
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ali tradicionalna škola je
loše osmišljena.
loše osmišljena.
04:26
For kids it feels like punishment,
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Djeci se čini kao kazna,
04:29
and for teachers
it feels like babysitting.
it feels like babysitting.
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a učiteljima kao dadiljanje.
04:32
But how can we expect principals
to execute an effective summer program
to execute an effective summer program
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Ali kako možemo očekivati da ravnatelji
provedu učinkovit ljetni program
provedu učinkovit ljetni program
04:36
when the school year
ends the last week of June
ends the last week of June
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kad školska godina završi
zadnji tjedan u lipnju,
zadnji tjedan u lipnju,
04:38
and then summer school starts
just one week later?
just one week later?
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a ljetna škola počne
samo tjedan dana kasnije?
samo tjedan dana kasnije?
04:41
There just isn't enough time
to find the right people,
to find the right people,
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Nema dovoljno vremena
za pronalazak pravih ljudi,
za pronalazak pravih ljudi,
04:44
sort out the logistics,
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rješavanje detalja
04:45
and design an engaging curriculum
that excites kids and teachers.
that excites kids and teachers.
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i osmišljavanje zanimljivog kurikuluma,
uzbudljivog djeci i učiteljima.
uzbudljivog djeci i učiteljima.
04:51
But what if we created a program
over the summer
over the summer
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Ali što ako stvorimo program
preko ljeta
preko ljeta
04:55
that empowered teachers
as teaching coaches
as teaching coaches
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koji bi osnažio učitelje
kao trenere učenja
kao trenere učenja
04:59
to develop aspiring educators?
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da osposobe nadahnute edukatore?
05:02
What if we empowered
college-educated role models
college-educated role models
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Što ako osnažimo fakultetski
obrazovane uzore
obrazovane uzore
05:05
as teaching fellows
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kao kolege u poučavanju
05:07
to help kids realize
their college ambitions?
their college ambitions?
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da djeci pomognu spoznati
volju za studiranjem?
volju za studiranjem?
05:10
What if empowered high-achieving kids
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Što ako osnažimo djecu
s visokim postignućima
s visokim postignućima
05:12
as mentors to tutor their younger peers
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kao mentore mlađim učenicima
05:15
and inspire them
to invest in their education?
to invest in their education?
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i nadahnemo ih
da ulažu u svoje obrazovanje?
da ulažu u svoje obrazovanje?
05:19
What if we empowered all kids as scholars,
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Što ako osnažimo
sve učenike kao stipendiste,
sve učenike kao stipendiste,
05:23
asked them what colleges
they were going to,
they were going to,
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pitamo ih na koje fakultete će ići,
05:26
designed a summer school
they want to attend
they want to attend
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osmislimo ljetnu školu u koju žele ići
05:30
to completely eliminate
the summer learning loss
the summer learning loss
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da posve uklonimo ljetni gubitak naučenog
05:32
and close two-thirds
of the achievement gap?
of the achievement gap?
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i zavorimo dvije trećine
razmaka u postignuću.
razmaka u postignuću.
05:37
By this summer, my team will have served
over 4,000 low-income children,
over 4,000 low-income children,
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Do ovog ljeta, moj tim je radio
s preko 4000 djece iz siromašnih obitelji,
s preko 4000 djece iz siromašnih obitelji,
05:41
trained over 300 aspiring teachers
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trenirao više od 300 nadahnutih učitelja
05:44
and created more than 1,000 seasonal jobs
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i stvorio više od 1000
sezonskih radnih mjesta
sezonskih radnih mjesta
05:47
across some of New York City's
most disadvantaged neighborhoods.
most disadvantaged neighborhoods.
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u nekima od njujurških
najsiromašnijih četvrti.
najsiromašnijih četvrti.
05:51
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
05:56
And our kids are succeeding.
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I, naša djeca uspijevaju.
05:59
Two years of independent evaluations
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Dvije godine nezavisnih procjena
06:01
tell us that our kids
eliminate the summer learning loss
eliminate the summer learning loss
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govore nam da naša djeca
uklanjaju ljetni gubitak naučenog,
uklanjaju ljetni gubitak naučenog,
06:04
and make growth of one month in math
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napreduju u matematici za mjesec dana,
06:06
and two months in reading.
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a u čitanju za 2 mjeseca.
06:08
So instead of returning to school
in the fall three months behind,
in the fall three months behind,
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Zato umjesto da se vrate u školu
u jesen tri mjeseca u zaostatku
u jesen tri mjeseca u zaostatku
06:11
they now go back four months ahead in math
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sad se vrate četiri mjeseca unaprijed
iz matematike
iz matematike
06:15
and five months ahead in reading.
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i pet mjeseci unaprijed u čitanju.
06:17
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
06:24
Ten years ago, if you would have told me
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Da ste mi prije deset godina rekli
06:26
that I'd graduate in the top 10 percent
of my class from an Ivy League institution
of my class from an Ivy League institution
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da ću diplomirati među najboljih
10% studenata na prestižnom fakultetu
10% studenata na prestižnom fakultetu
06:30
and have an opportunity to make a dent
on our public education system
on our public education system
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i imati priliku ostaviti trag
na našem javnom obrazovnom sustavu
na našem javnom obrazovnom sustavu
06:34
just by tackling two months
of the calendar year,
of the calendar year,
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samo hvatajući se u koštac
s dva mjecesa kalendarske godine,
s dva mjecesa kalendarske godine,
06:38
I would have said,
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odgovorio bih vam:
06:40
"Nah. No way."
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"Nee. Nema šanse".
06:43
What's even more exciting
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Još je uzbudljivije
06:45
is that if we can prevent
five months of lost time
five months of lost time
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što ako možemo spriječiti
pet mjeseci izgubljenog vremena
pet mjeseci izgubljenog vremena
06:48
just by redesigning two months,
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samo prepravljajući dva mjeseca,
06:51
imagine the possibilities
that we can unlock
that we can unlock
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zamislite mogućnosti
koje možemo otključati
koje možemo otključati
06:54
by tackling the rest of the calendar year.
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ako se pozabavimo ostatkom godine.
06:58
Thank you.
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Hvala.
06:59
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Karim Abouelnaga - Education entrepreneurKarim Abouelnaga is working to provide kids with access to high-quality academic summer programming.
Why you should listen
Karim Abouelnaga wants to eliminate summer learning loss in kids and give them a fair chance at realizing their life ambitions. After experiencing the struggle to succeed in under-resourced urban public schools, he was lucky enough to benefit from nonprofits that provided him with great mentors, receiving over $300,000 in scholarships to make his college education possible. Abouelnaga is the founder and CEO of the benefit corporation Practice Makes Perfect, a full-service summer school operator that uses a "near-peer" learning model to drive academic outcomes for thousands of low-income children.
Abouelnaga is a regular contributor for Entrepreneur and Forbes, a co-founder of Gentlemen Ventures, a TED Fellow, Global Shaper and Echoing Green Fellow. He was named to Forbes' 30 under 30 in Education. In 2016 Richtopia ranked him in the top five of most influential entrepreneurs in the world under 25. Abouelnaga graduated from Cornell University with a degree in hotel administration in 2013.
Reach Karim here: karimted@practicemakesperfect.org.
Karim Abouelnaga | Speaker | TED.com