ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Saul Griffith - Inventor
Inventor Saul Griffith looks for elegant ways to make real things, from low-cost eyeglasses to a kite that tows boats. His latest projects include open-source inventions and elegant new ways to generate power.

Why you should listen

Innovator and inventor Saul Griffith has a uniquely open approach to problem solving. Whether he's devising a way to slash the cost of prescription eyeglasses or teaching science through cartoons, Griffith makes things and then shares his ideas with the world.

A proponent of open-source information, he established Instructables , an open website showing how to make an array of incredible objects. He is the co-founder of numerous companies including Squid Labs, Low Cost Eyeglasses, Potenco and Makani Power, where he is President and Chief Scientist. His companies have invented a myriad of new devices and materials, such as a "smart" rope that senses its load, or a machine for making low-cost eyeglass lenses through a process inspired by a water droplet. He is a columnist at Make magazine and co-writes How Toons! He's fascinated with materials that assemble themselves, and with taking advantage of those properties to make things quickly and cheaply.

More profile about the speaker
Saul Griffith | Speaker | TED.com
TED2009

Saul Griffith: High-altitude wind energy from kites!

Saul Griffith o zmajevima kao budućnosti obnovljive energije

Filmed:
724,502 views

U ovom kratkom govoru, Saul Griffith otkriva izum na kojem je radila njegova tvrtka Makani Powers: golemom zmaju turbini koji proizvodi iznenađujuću količinu čiste, obnovljive energije.
- Inventor
Inventor Saul Griffith looks for elegant ways to make real things, from low-cost eyeglasses to a kite that tows boats. His latest projects include open-source inventions and elegant new ways to generate power. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:22
If you're at all like me,
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Ukoliko ste imalo slični meni,
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this is what you do with the sunnysunčano summerljeto weekendsvikendom in SanSan FranciscoFrancisco:
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ovo je ono što radite za sunčanog ljetnog vikenda u San Franciscu:
00:26
you buildizgraditi experimentaleksperimentalan kite-poweredzmaj-Power PC hydrofoilshidrogliserima
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proizvodite eksperimentalne hidrokrilce pogonjene zmajem
00:29
capablesposoban of more than 30 knotsčvorova.
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sposobne za više od 30 čvorova.
00:31
And you realizeostvariti that there is incrediblenevjerojatan powervlast in the windvjetar,
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Tada shvatite kako postoji nevjerojatna snaga u vjetru,
00:34
and it can do amazingnevjerojatan things.
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koja može činiti zadivljujuće stvari
00:36
And one day, a vesselBrod not unlikeza razliku od this
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Jednog dana, letjelica slična ovoj
00:38
will probablyvjerojatno breakpauza the worldsvijet speedubrzati recordsnimiti.
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će vjerojatno probiti svjetski brzinski rekord.
00:40
But kitesZmajevi aren'tnisu just toysigračke like this.
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No, zmajevi nisu samo igračke poput ovog.
00:43
KitesZmajevi: I'm going to give you a briefkratak historypovijest,
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Zmajevi. Upoznat ću vas ukratko s njihovom povijesti,
00:45
and tell you about the magnificentveličanstven futurebudućnost
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i ispričati vam o izvanrednoj budućnosti
00:47
of everysvaki child'sdjeteta favoriteljubimac playthingigračka.
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najdraže igračke svakog djeteta.
00:50
So, kitesZmajevi are more than a thousandtisuću yearsgodina oldstar,
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Znači, zmajevi su stari više od tisuću godina,
00:52
and the Chinesekineski used them for militaryvojni applicationsaplikacije,
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a Kinezi su ih koristili u vojne svrhe,
00:55
and even for liftingpodizanje menmuškarci.
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i čak za podizanje čovjeka.
00:56
So they knewznao at that stagefaza they could carrynositi largeveliki weightsutezi.
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Znali su u ono doba da oni mogu podizati velike terete.
00:59
I'm not sure why there is a holerupa in this particularposebno man.
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Nisam siguran zašto je rupa u ovom dotičnom čovjeku.
01:01
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
01:03
In 1827, a fellowkolega calledzvao GeorgeGeorge PocockPocock
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1827., čovjek zvan Goerge Pocock
01:06
actuallyzapravo pioneeredpionir the use of kitesZmajevi for towingza vuču buggiesbuggies
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ustvari je razvio korištenje zmajeva za vuću kočija
01:09
in racesutrke againstprotiv horsekonj carriageskolica acrosspreko the Englishengleski countrysidezelenilo.
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u utrkama protiv konjskih kočija kroz engleski krajolik.
01:14
Then of coursenaravno, at the dawnzora of aviationzrakoplovstvo,
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Tada naravno, u zoru avijacije,
01:16
all of the great inventorsizumitelji of the time --
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svi veliki izumitelji tog doba --
01:18
like HargreavesHargreaves, like LangleyLangley,
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kao Hargreaves, kao Langley,
01:20
even AlexanderAleksandar GrahamGraham BellZvono, inventorizumitelj of the telephonetelefon, who was flyingleteći this kitezmaj --
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čak Alexandar Graham Bell, izumitelj telefona, koji je letio ovog zmaja --
01:23
were doing so in the pursuitpotjera of aviationzrakoplovstvo.
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su radili to baveći se avijacijom.
01:26
Then these two fellowsdrugovi camedošao alonguz,
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Tada su došla ova dva gospodina,
01:28
and they were flyingleteći kitesZmajevi to developrazviti the controlkontrolirati systemssustavi
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a oni su letjeli zmajeve kako bi razvili kontrolni sustav
01:31
that would ultimatelyna kraju enableomogućiti poweredpogon humanljudski flightlet.
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koji je u konačnici omogućio let ljudi.
01:34
So this is of coursenaravno OrvilleOrville and WilburWilbur WrightWright,
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Ovo su naravno Orville i Wilbur Wright
01:37
and the WrightWright FlyerLetak.
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i Wright Flyer.
01:39
And theirnjihov experimentspokusi with kitesZmajevi led to this
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A njihovi pokusi sa zmajevima su doveli do tog
01:41
momentousvažan occasionprigodom, where we poweredpogon up and tookuzeo off for the
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značajnog događaja, gdje smo pogonjeni mehaničkom snagom poletjeli
01:44
first-everprvi 12-second humanljudski flightlet.
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do prvih 12 sekundi ljudskog leta ikad.
01:48
And that was fantasticfantastičan for the futurebudućnost of commercialtrgovački aviationzrakoplovstvo.
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To je bilo fantastično za budućnost komercijalnih letova.
01:52
But unfortunatelynažalost, it relegateddegradirani kitesZmajevi oncejednom again to be consideredsmatra children'sdječji toysigračke.
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Ali nažalost, to je degradiralo zmajeve i učinilo da budu ponovo doživljavani dječjim igračkama.
01:56
That was untildo the 1970s, where we had the last energyenergija crisiskriza.
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Tako je bilo do 1970-ih, kada smo imali zadnju energetsku krizu.
02:00
And a fabulousnevjerojatan man calledzvao MilesMilja LoydLoyd
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A nevjerojatan čovjek po imenom Miles Loyd
02:02
who livesživot on the outskirtspredgrađe of SanSan FranciscoFrancisco,
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koji živi na rubu San Francisca,
02:04
wrotenapisao this seminalsjemeni paperpapir that was completelypotpuno ignoredzanemarena
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je napisao poticajni rad koji je bio potpuno zanemaren,
02:07
in the JournalČasopis of EnergyEnergije
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u Journal of Energy,
02:08
about how to use basicallyu osnovi an airplanezrakoplov on a piecekomad of stringniz
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o tome kako načelno upotrijebiti avion na uzici
02:12
to generategenerirati enormousogroman amountsiznosi of electricityelektricitet.
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za generiranje ogromne količine elektriciteta.
02:15
The realstvaran keyključ observationzapažanje he madenapravljen is that
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Njegovo ključno opažanje bilo je da
02:17
a free-flyingslobodno letenje wingkrilo can sweepzamah throughkroz more skynebo and generategenerirati more powervlast
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slobodno-leteče krilo može zahvatiti više vjetra i generirati više energije
02:21
in a unitjedinica of time than a fixed-wingfiksna krila turbineturbina.
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po jedinici vremena, nego turbine s fiksnim krilom.
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So turbinesturbine grewrastao. And they can now spanpedalj up to threetri hundredstotina feetnoge at the hubsredište heightvisina,
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No turbine su rasle. I sada dosežu do 90 metara visine pri glavčini,
02:29
but they can't really go a lot higherviši,
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ali ne mogu ići mnogo više,
02:31
and more heightvisina is where the more windvjetar is, and more powervlast --
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a na većim visinama ima više vjetra, i više snage --
02:34
as much as twicedvaput as much.
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čak i do dvostruko više.
02:36
So cutrez to now. We still have an energyenergija crisiskriza,
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Vratimo se nazad. Još uvijek imamo energetsku krizu,
02:39
and now we have a climateklima crisiskriza as well. You know,
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a sada k tome još i klimatsku krizu. Znate,
02:42
so humansljudi generategenerirati about 12 trillionbilijuna wattsvata,
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čovječanstvo generira oko 12 bilijuna vata,
02:45
or 12 terawattstw, from fossilfosil fuelsgoriva.
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ili 12 teravata, iz fosilnih goriva.
02:47
And AlAl GoreGore has spokengovorni to why we need to hithit one of these targetsciljevi,
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I Al Gore je govorio zašto trebamo dosegnuti jednu od ovih meta,
02:51
and in realitystvarnost what that meanssredstva is in the nextSljedeći 30 to 40 yearsgodina,
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a u stvarnosti to znači da u slijedećih 30-40 godina
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we have to make 10 trillionbilijuna wattsvata or more of newnovi cleančist energyenergija somehownekako.
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moramo proizvesti novih 10 bilijuna ili više vata čiste energije, nekako.
03:01
WindVjetar is the second-largestdrugi po veličini renewableobnovljivih izvora resourceresurs after solarsolarni:
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Vjetar je drugi najveći obnovljivi izvor energije poslije sunčeve:
03:05
3600 terawattstw, more than enoughdovoljno to supplyOpskrba humanityčovječanstvo 200 timesputa over.
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3600 teravata. 200 puta više nego što je dovoljno za opskrbu čovječanstva.
03:09
The majorityvećina of it is in the higherviši altitudesnadmorskim visinama, aboveiznad 300 feetnoge,
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Većina je na višim visinama, iznad 90 metara,
03:13
where we don't have a technologytehnologija as yetjoš to get there.
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za što još nemamo tehnologiju koja bi nas do tamo dovela.
03:17
So this is the dawnzora of the newnovi agedob of kitesZmajevi.
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Dakle, ovo je zora novog doba za zmajeve.
03:19
This is our testtest sitemjesto on MauiMaui, flyingleteći acrosspreko the skynebo.
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Ovo je naše pokusno područje na Mauiu, iz zračne perspektive.
03:23
I'm now going to showpokazati you
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Sada ću vam pokazati
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the first autonomousautonoman generationgeneracija of powervlast
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prvi autonomni generator energije
03:28
by everysvaki child'sdjeteta favoriteljubimac playthingigračka.
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pomoću najdraže dječje igračke.
03:31
As you can tell, you need to be a robotrobot to flyletjeti this thing for thousandstisuća of hourssati.
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Kao što možete vidjeti, morate biti robot kako bi upravljali ovime tisućama sati.
03:35
It makesmarke you a little nauseousmučninu.
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Pomalo izaziva mučninu.
03:37
And here we're actuallyzapravo generatinggeneriranje about 10 kilowattskilovata --
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Ovdje zapravo proizvodimo oko 10 kilovata --
03:39
so, enoughdovoljno to powervlast probablyvjerojatno fivepet UnitedUjedinjeni StatesDržava householdsdomaćinstva --
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znači, dovoljno za opskrbu energijom oko 5 kučanstava u SAD-u --
03:42
with a kitezmaj not much largerveći than this pianoklavir.
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sa zmajem ne mnogo većim od ovog klavira.
03:45
And the realstvaran significantznačajan thing here
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A stvarno značajna stvar ovdje
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is we're developingrazvoju the controlkontrolirati systemssustavi,
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je da mi razvijamo kontrolni sustav,
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as did the WrightWright brothersbraća, that would enableomogućiti sustainedneprekidan, long-durationdugo traje flightlet.
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kao što su i braća Wright, koji bi omogućio održiv, dugotrajni let.
03:54
And it doesn't hurtpovrijediti to do it in a locationmjesto like this eitherili.
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I nije na odmet to raditi na lokaciji poput ove.
03:59
So this is the equivalentekvivalent for a kitezmaj flierletač of peeingpišanje in the snowsnijeg --
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Za letača zmaja, ovo je ekvivalent pišanja u snijegu.
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that's tracingprecrtavanje your nameime in the skynebo.
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To jest ispisivanja svog imena na nebu.
04:04
And this is where we're actuallyzapravo going.
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A ovo je kamo mi trenutačno idemo.
04:06
So we're beyondIznad the 12-second stepskoraci.
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Dakle prešli smo 12 sekundni prag.
04:08
And we're workingrad towardsza megawatt-scalemegavat-skale machinesstrojevi
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I radimo na megavatnim spravama
04:10
that flyletjeti at 2000 feetnoge and generategenerirati tonstona of cleančist electricityelektricitet.
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koje bi letjele na 700 metara i generirale na tone čistog elektriciteta.
04:14
So you askpitati, how bigvelika are those machinesstrojevi?
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Pitate, koliko su velike te sprave?
04:16
Well, this paperpapir planeavion would be maybe a -- oopOop!
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Pa, ovaj avion od papira bi možda -- ups!
04:19
That would be enoughdovoljno to powervlast your cellćelija phonetelefon.
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On bi bio dovoljan da vam napuni mobitel.
04:22
Your CessnaCessna would be 230 killowattskillowatts.
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Vaša Cessna bi bila 230 kilovata.
04:25
If you'dti bi loanzajam me your GulfstreamGolfska struja, I'll ripPočivao u miru its wingskrila off and generategenerirati you a megawattmegavata.
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Ako bi mi posuditi vaš Gulfstream, skinuo bi krila sa njega i generirao megavat.
04:29
If you give me a 747, I'll make sixšest megawattsmegavata,
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Ako bi dali 747, napravio bi 6 megavata,
04:32
whichkoji is more than the largestnajveći windvjetar turbinesturbine todaydanas.
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što je više nego najveća vjetro-turbina danas.
04:35
And the SpruceSmreka GooseGuska would be a 15-megawatt-megavata wingkrilo.
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A Spruce Goose bi bilo krilo od 15 megavata.
04:38
So that is audaciousSuludo hrabar, you say. I agreesložiti.
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To je smiono, kažete. Slažem se.
04:41
But audaciousSuludo hrabar is what has happeneddogodilo manymnogi timesputa before in historypovijest.
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No smiono se zbivalo već mnogo puta u povijesti.
04:44
This is a refrigeratorhladnjak factorytvornica,
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Ovo je tvornica frižidera,
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churningnagla kretnja out airplanesavioni for WorldSvijet WarRat IIII.
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koja je proizvodila avione za drugi svjetski rat.
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PriorPrije to WorldSvijet WarRat IIII, they were makingizrađivanje 1000 planeszrakoplovi a yeargodina.
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Prije drugog svjetskog rata, proizvodilo se 1.000 aviona na godinu.
04:52
By 1945, they were makingizrađivanje 100,000.
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Do 1945., proizvodilo se 100.000.
04:55
With this factorytvornica and 100,000 planeszrakoplovi a yeargodina,
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S tom tvornicom i 100.000 aviona godišnje,
04:57
we could make all of America'sAmerika je electricityelektricitet in about 10 yearsgodina.
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za približno 10 godina bi mogli proizvoditi sav elektricitet koji Amerika treba.
05:01
So really this is a storypriča about the audaciousSuludo hrabar plansplanovi of youngmladi people
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U biti, ovo je priča o smionim planovima mladih ljudi
05:04
with these dreamssnovi. There are manymnogi of us.
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s ovim snovima. Mnogo nas je.
05:06
I am luckysretan enoughdovoljno to work with 30 of them.
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Sretan sam što radim s njih 30.
05:08
And I think we need to supportpodrška all of the dreamssnovi
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I smatram kako moramo poduprijeti sve takve snove
05:10
of the kidsdjeca out there doing these crazylud things.
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djece koja rade te lude stvari.
05:13
Thank you.
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Hvala vam
05:14
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Zrinka Gattin
Reviewed by Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Saul Griffith - Inventor
Inventor Saul Griffith looks for elegant ways to make real things, from low-cost eyeglasses to a kite that tows boats. His latest projects include open-source inventions and elegant new ways to generate power.

Why you should listen

Innovator and inventor Saul Griffith has a uniquely open approach to problem solving. Whether he's devising a way to slash the cost of prescription eyeglasses or teaching science through cartoons, Griffith makes things and then shares his ideas with the world.

A proponent of open-source information, he established Instructables , an open website showing how to make an array of incredible objects. He is the co-founder of numerous companies including Squid Labs, Low Cost Eyeglasses, Potenco and Makani Power, where he is President and Chief Scientist. His companies have invented a myriad of new devices and materials, such as a "smart" rope that senses its load, or a machine for making low-cost eyeglass lenses through a process inspired by a water droplet. He is a columnist at Make magazine and co-writes How Toons! He's fascinated with materials that assemble themselves, and with taking advantage of those properties to make things quickly and cheaply.

More profile about the speaker
Saul Griffith | Speaker | TED.com