TEDxKids@Brussels
Gabe Zichermann: How games make kids smarter
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Can playing video games make you more productive? Gabe Zichermann shows how games are making kids better problem-solvers, and will make us better at everything from driving to multi-tasking.
Gabe Zichermann - Entrepreneur, author
Do kids these days have short attention spans, or does the world just move too slow? Gabe Zichermann suggests that today's video games are making children smarter -- and we should all embrace gamification. Full bio
Do kids these days have short attention spans, or does the world just move too slow? Gabe Zichermann suggests that today's video games are making children smarter -- and we should all embrace gamification. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:04
I'm 36 years old.
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Saya berumur 36 tahun.
00:06
My first experience
with the video game business
with the video game business
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Pengalaman pertama saya bersama
bisnis video game:
bisnis video game:
00:08
was neighbors who were wealthier than us
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tentang tetangga yang lebih kaya dari kami
00:10
bringing home an Atari 2600
and playing it.
and playing it.
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membawa pulang Atari 2600 dan memainkanya.
00:13
It was a pretty definitive moment for me.
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Itu momen berharga untuk saya.
00:15
I also remember going to school,
and on an Apple II,
and on an Apple II,
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Saya juga ingat pergi ke sekolah,
membawa Apple II,
membawa Apple II,
00:19
playing a game called
"Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?"
"Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?"
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bermain game bernama
"Di Dunia Manakah Carmen Sandiego?"
"Di Dunia Manakah Carmen Sandiego?"
00:22
an awesome game,
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Sebuah game menarik,
00:24
which was the first time I played a game
in the school context.
in the school context.
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Itulah pertama kali saya
memainkan game di sekolah.
memainkan game di sekolah.
00:29
When you ask people about the video game
business and what's significant,
business and what's significant,
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Ketika Anda bertanya pada orang-orang
tentang video game dan apa pentingnya,
tentang video game dan apa pentingnya,
00:33
most people think that Atari 2600
is really the nexus,
is really the nexus,
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banyak orang mengira Atari 2600
itu Nexus asli,
itu Nexus asli,
00:36
the catalyst of the video game business.
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inovasi dalam bisnis video game.
00:38
But I actually think that "Where
in the World is Carmen Sandiego?"
in the World is Carmen Sandiego?"
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Tapi saya berpikir
"Di Dunia Manakah Carmen Sandiego?"
"Di Dunia Manakah Carmen Sandiego?"
00:42
is probably the most important
video game ever made,
video game ever made,
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Bisa jadi game yang paling berpengaruh
yang pernah ada
yang pernah ada
00:44
principally because it was
the first and the last time
the first and the last time
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karena itulah pertama dan terakhir kali
00:48
that parents, teachers and kids all agreed
that a video game was awesome.
that a video game was awesome.
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para orang tua, guru, anak setuju
bahwa sebuah video game itu menakjubkan.
bahwa sebuah video game itu menakjubkan.
00:52
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
Itu sudah terjadi lama sekali.
00:54
Now, that was a long time ago.
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00:57
In fact, it was 1987.
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Faktanya, itu terjadi pada tahun 1987.
00:59
And it may surprise you to know
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Mengejutkan untuk Anda ketahui
01:00
that "Where in the World
is Carmen Sandiego?" continues to be
is Carmen Sandiego?" continues to be
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bahwa "Di Dunia Manakah Carmen Sandiego?"
akan menjadi
akan menjadi
gebrakan besar terbaru
di bisnis hiburan,
di bisnis hiburan,
01:03
the last substantial giant hit
in the entertainment business,
in the entertainment business,
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terlepas dari fakta tahun 1987,
dulu sekali,
dulu sekali,
01:07
despite the fact that it was 1987,
which is such an incredibly long time ago,
which is such an incredibly long time ago,
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dan saya hanya 36 tahun,
Anda bisa menghitungnya.
Anda bisa menghitungnya.
01:12
and I'm only 36, so you can do the math.
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Sesuatu sangat berbeda saat ini
dari apa yang seharusnya.
dari apa yang seharusnya.
01:14
Things are completely different today
from what they were.
from what they were.
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Contoh sederhana,
01:17
Just as a simple example,
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Tahun 1987, kita mengira
lelaki ini gila.
lelaki ini gila.
01:18
in 1987, we thought
this guy was kind of crazy.
this guy was kind of crazy.
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Lalu kita bertemu orang ini,
01:21
Then we met this dude,
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01:23
who has really changed
our perspective on that subject.
our perspective on that subject.
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dan mengubah pandangan
kita tentang itu
kita tentang itu
(Tertawa)
01:26
(Laughter)
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Semua berubah.
01:28
Things have changed.
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(Tertawa)
01:29
(Laughter)
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01:33
Anti-Bush political humor
goes a long way in Western Europe.
goes a long way in Western Europe.
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Humor politik anti-Bush
sulit diterima di Eropa Barat
sulit diterima di Eropa Barat
(Tertawa)
01:36
(Laughter)
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Dari tahun 1987 sampai sekarang,
01:37
So, between 1987 and now,
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saya sering bermain game
"Civilization"
"Civilization"
01:39
I played a lot of this game
called "Civilization,"
called "Civilization,"
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01:42
which was designed by a guy
named Sid Meier.
named Sid Meier.
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yang dirancang oleh Sid Meier.
8 sampai 10.000 jam hidup saya
bermain "Civilization,"
bermain "Civilization,"
01:44
In fact, I spent about 8- to 10,000
hours of my life playing "Civilization,"
hours of my life playing "Civilization,"
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01:48
which is a long time I probably
should have spent studying.
should have spent studying.
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yang mana seharusnya untuk belajar.
Meski begitu, saya mengubah kecintaan saya
pada video game menjadi pekerjaan,
pada video game menjadi pekerjaan,
01:51
But nonetheless, I managed to turn
this love of video games into a job,
this love of video games into a job,
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pertama, di Konferensi Pengembang Game
01:54
first working on the Game
Developers Conference,
Developers Conference,
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membantu perusahaan tersukses
distribusi digital game,
distribusi digital game,
01:57
helping to start the first successful
digital distribution company in games,
digital distribution company in games,
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bernama Trymedia,
02:01
called Trymedia,
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sekarang menulis di blog Gamification.
02:02
and then now, writing
the Gamification blog.
the Gamification blog.
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Saya penulis dua buku mengenai gamifikasi,
02:04
I'm author of two books
on the subject of gamification,
on the subject of gamification,
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termasuk yang terbaru
"Gamification by Design" terbitan O'Reilly
"Gamification by Design" terbitan O'Reilly
02:06
including the recent "Gamification
by Design," published by O'Reilly.
by Design," published by O'Reilly.
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Saya memimpin konferensi gamifikasi,
02:10
And I chair the Gamification Summit,
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yaitu acara yang mengumpulkan semua itu.
02:11
which is an event that brings
all this stuff together.
all this stuff together.
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Dalam banyak hal,
saya sebagai orang tua bermimpi
saya sebagai orang tua bermimpi
02:14
So in many ways, I am parents' dream
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bagaimana seseorang
yang gaya hidupnya bermain game
yang gaya hidupnya bermain game
02:16
of how somebody can turn a sedentary
lifestyle of playing video games
lifestyle of playing video games
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menjadikannya sebagai
pekerjaan penghasil uang.
pekerjaan penghasil uang.
02:21
into an actual career
that pays real money.
that pays real money.
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Ketika saya diundang di acara seperti ini,
02:24
So when I get invited
to an event like this,
to an event like this,
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02:26
I'm sure that all of you
expect me to get up here and say,
expect me to get up here and say,
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saya yakin Anda ingin
saya berdiri di sini berkata:
saya berdiri di sini berkata:
"Game itu bagus untuk anak Anda"
02:29
"Games are awesome for your children."
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Benar? Karena saya pemain game,
yang menghidupi saya.
yang menghidupi saya.
02:31
Right? Because I'm a games guy
and this is how I make my living.
and this is how I make my living.
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(Tepuk tangan)
02:34
(Applause)
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Game membantu anak-anak.
02:35
Games will help children.
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Tapi saya ingin memberi
pertanyaan berbeda
pertanyaan berbeda
02:36
But instead, I want to ask you
a different question,
a different question,
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yaitu: siapa yang butuh bantuan game?
02:39
which is: Really, who needs games help?
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02:41
I started this process by thinking
about reading a particular article
about reading a particular article
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Proses ini mendorong saya
membaca artikel tertentu
membaca artikel tertentu
02:45
in the New York Times recently.
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di New York Times akhir-akhir ini.
02:47
In the article, a neuroscientist
was talking about
was talking about
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Di artikel itu, ahli saraf membahas
bagaimana anak-anak terjangkit
"Attention Deficit Disorder" (ADD)
"Attention Deficit Disorder" (ADD)
02:49
how children were presenting themselves
with attention deficit disorder.
with attention deficit disorder.
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Orang tua mereka datang dan berkata,
02:53
Their parents would come in and say,
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"Mustahil anak saya terjangkit ADD,
02:54
"My kids can't possibly have ADD,
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karena mereka ahli bermain video game,
02:57
because they're super good
at focusing on video games,
at focusing on video games,
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tetapi payah di sekolah."
03:00
But when they go to school,
they're really bad."
they're really bad."
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Ahli saraf membongkar ide ini di artikel.
03:02
The neuroscientist was debunking
this idea in the article.
this idea in the article.
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Dia memperkenalakan para peneliti
Seperti Dr Christopher Lucas dari NYU
Seperti Dr Christopher Lucas dari NYU
03:05
She trotted out researchers
like Dr Christopher Lucas at NYU,
like Dr Christopher Lucas at NYU,
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yang berkata game tidak mengajarkan
keterampilan perhatian yang tepat
keterampilan perhatian yang tepat
03:09
who said games don't teach
the right kind of attention skills
the right kind of attention skills
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03:12
where kids have sustained attention,
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di mana anak-anak memiliki
perhatian berkelanjutan,
perhatian berkelanjutan,
03:15
where they're not receiving
regular rewards.
regular rewards.
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dan tidak menerima
penghargaan reguler.
penghargaan reguler.
03:17
And she trotted out experts
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Dia menunjukkan ahli
seperti Dr Dimitri Christakis,
University of Washington
University of Washington
03:18
like Dr Dimitri Christakis
at the University of Washington,
at the University of Washington,
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yang berkata anak yang sering bermain game
03:21
who said that kids
who play a lot of video games
who play a lot of video games
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menganggap dunia nyata
tak menyenangkan atau tidak menarik,
tak menyenangkan atau tidak menarik,
03:23
may find the real world unpalatable
or uninteresting,
or uninteresting,
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03:26
as a result of their
sensitization to games.
sensitization to games.
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karena mereka sensitif pada game.
Saya duduk, berpikir, menggaruk kepala,
03:29
So I sat there and thought to myself,
I'm scratching my head,
I'm scratching my head,
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Apakah anak kita mengidap ADD,
03:32
is it that our children have ADD,
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03:36
or is our world just too freaking slow
for our children to appreciate?
for our children to appreciate?
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Atau apakah dunia kita terlalu lambat
untuk diikuti anak-anak?
untuk diikuti anak-anak?
03:41
(Applause)
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(Tepuk tangan)
03:43
Seriously, consider the picture
you're looking at right now,
you're looking at right now,
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Sungguh, bayangkan keadaan sekarang ini
seperti era saya, juga era kakek saya,
03:46
like in my era, even my grandfather's era,
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03:49
sitting down on a Sunday afternoon
to read a good book with a cup of tea --
to read a good book with a cup of tea --
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duduk saat senja, membaca buku
sembari minum segelas teh --
sembari minum segelas teh --
Saya bilang,
03:53
I just have to say,
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Saya pikir mereka tak mau seperti itu.
03:55
I don't think that today's kids
are ever going to do that.
are ever going to do that.
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Buktinya ada di game yang mereka mainkan.
03:57
The evidence is found
in the games they play.
in the games they play.
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04:00
Consider the video game
"World of Warcraft."
"World of Warcraft."
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Perhatikan game "World of Warcraft."
04:02
When I was growing up,
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Ketika saya tumbuh
kemampuan maksimal
yang saya harapkan di game
yang saya harapkan di game
04:03
the maximum skill that I was expected
to display in a video game
to display in a video game
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yaitu kerja sama tangan-mata,
04:07
was simple hand-eye coordination,
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tuas kendali dan tombol tembak.
04:08
a joystick and a firing button.
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Anak kini bermain game
yang membutuhkan obrolan
yang membutuhkan obrolan
04:10
Today's kids play games
in which they're expected to chat
in which they're expected to chat
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dalam teks dan suara,
04:13
in text and voice,
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bermain karakter, mengikuti misi
panjang pendek,
panjang pendek,
04:15
operate a character,
follow long- and short-term objectives,
follow long- and short-term objectives,
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04:18
and deal with their parents interrupting
them all the time to talk to them.
them all the time to talk to them.
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menanggapi orang tua yang mengajak bicara.
(Tertawa)
04:21
(Laughter)
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Anak harus punya multitasking
yang luar biasa
yang luar biasa
04:23
Kids have to have
an extraordinary multitasking skill
an extraordinary multitasking skill
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04:25
to be able to achieve things today.
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untuk mencapai sesuatu, saat ini.
04:27
We never had to have that.
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Kita tidak pernah begitu.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa game
membuat Anda lebih pintar.
membuat Anda lebih pintar.
04:29
It turns out things like that
actually make you smarter.
actually make you smarter.
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04:33
Research by Arne May et Al
at the University of Regensburg in Germany
at the University of Regensburg in Germany
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Penelitian Arne May dkk
di Universitas Resensburg di Jerman
di Universitas Resensburg di Jerman
04:37
found that when they gave participants --
this was actually done on adults --
this was actually done on adults --
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menemukan bahwa saat mereka memberi
partisipan dewasa
partisipan dewasa
04:41
a simple task to learn, like juggling,
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tugas yang mudah dipelajari,
seperti juggling
seperti juggling
dalam 12 minggu,
04:43
in 12 weeks,
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orang yang disuruh belajar juggling
04:45
people who were asked to learn juggling
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mengalami peningkatan kecerdasan
di otak mereka.
di otak mereka.
04:47
displayed a marked increase
in gray matter in their brain.
in gray matter in their brain.
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04:51
On an MRI, you can see
people get more gray matter
people get more gray matter
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Dalam MRI, dapat diketahui
bahwa orang akan lebih cerdas
bahwa orang akan lebih cerdas
setelah 12 minggu belajar juggling.
04:54
after 12 weeks of learning juggling.
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Tahun 2008, dilakukan penelitian ulang
04:56
In 2008, they went back
and redid the study
and redid the study
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untuk meneliti mengapa kecerdasan naik.
04:59
to see why the gray matter increased.
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05:01
They discovered it was the act of learning
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Mereka menemukan bahwa proses belajarlah
yang menambah kecerdasan,
05:03
that produced the increased brain matter,
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bukan kinerja pada aktivitas tersebut,
05:05
not performance at the activity itself,
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Ini penemuan yang sangat menarik.
05:08
which is a very interesting finding.
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Ini juga memperkuat ide,
yang seharusnya sudah umum,
yang seharusnya sudah umum,
05:10
It also reinforced this idea,
which should go over well here as well,
which should go over well here as well,
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bahwa orang dengan banyak bahasa
unggul dari orang dengan satu bahasa
unggul dari orang dengan satu bahasa
05:14
that multilingual people
outperform monolingual people
outperform monolingual people
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sekitar 15% di sebagian besar tes standar.
05:17
on most standardized tests by about 15%.
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Sesuatu terjadi di otak
pada aktivitas semacam itu.
pada aktivitas semacam itu.
05:20
There's something that happens
in the brain from that kind of activity.
in the brain from that kind of activity.
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Andrea Kuszewski,
berbicara di Harvard, tentang
berbicara di Harvard, tentang
05:24
Andrea Kuszewski,
speaking at Harvard, talked about
speaking at Harvard, talked about
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05:28
these five things that people do
to increase their grey matter
to increase their grey matter
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5 hal yang orang lakukan untuk
menambah kecerdasan mereka
menambah kecerdasan mereka
dan melatih diri sendiri
untuk menambah kecerdasan cair
untuk menambah kecerdasan cair
05:31
and to teach themselves
to increase their fluid intelligence.
to increase their fluid intelligence.
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05:35
"Fluid intelligence" is the intelligence
we use to problem-solve.
we use to problem-solve.
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"Kecerdasan cair" adalah kecerdasan
untuk mengatasi masalah.
untuk mengatasi masalah.
05:38
It's different from
crystalline intelligence,
crystalline intelligence,
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Ini beda dari kecerdasan kristal
Ini membantu atasi masalah.
05:40
it helps us problem-solve.
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Dari penelitiannya, dia menjelaskan
05:42
She identified, from the research,
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Ada 5 hal yang bisa Anda lakukan:
05:44
that there were five things you could do:
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mencari hal baru,
05:46
seek novelty,
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menantang diri,
05:47
challenge yourself,
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berpikir kreatif,
05:48
think creatively,
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kerja keras dalam apapun,
05:49
do things the hard way
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dan jaringan.
05:50
and network.
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Pikirkan 5 hal itu.
05:52
Think about those five things.
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Ada yang bermain game?
05:53
Any of you play video games?
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05:55
Does it resemble the basic pattern
of a video game to you in any way?
of a video game to you in any way?
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Menurut Anda, apakah lima hal tadi mirip
dengan pola dasar game?
dengan pola dasar game?
Inilah 5 hal yang berulang di
semua game yang sangat sukses.
semua game yang sangat sukses.
05:59
These are five things that recur
in all very successful video games.
in all very successful video games.
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06:03
It also is connected to a constant
and exponential increase in learning.
and exponential increase in learning.
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Video game juga meningkatkan pembelajaran
secara konstan dan eksponensial.
secara konstan dan eksponensial.
06:08
Video games fundamentally present
a continuous process of learning to users.
a continuous process of learning to users.
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Video game memberikan proses belajar
berkelanjutan untuk pemainnya.
berkelanjutan untuk pemainnya.
06:13
They don't just learn
for a little while and then stop.
for a little while and then stop.
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Mereka tidak hanya belajar
sebentar lalu berhenti.
sebentar lalu berhenti.
Secara konstan mereka berevolusi
dan maju.
dan maju.
06:16
They're constantly evolving
and moving forward.
and moving forward.
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Faktanya, hal ini akhirnya membantu kita
mengerti efek Flynn.
mengerti efek Flynn.
06:18
It may, in fact, help us to explain
the Flynn effect, finally.
the Flynn effect, finally.
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06:22
The "Flynn effect,"
for those of you who don't know,
for those of you who don't know,
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Bagi yang tidak tahu, efek Flynn itu
pola di mana kecerdasan manusia
meningkat waktu ke waktu
meningkat waktu ke waktu
06:25
is the pattern that human intelligence
is actually rising over time.
is actually rising over time.
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06:28
So if we look at the history of IQ,
people, in fact, are getting smarter.
people, in fact, are getting smarter.
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JIka dilihat dari sejarah IQ,
faktanya orang semakin cerdas.
faktanya orang semakin cerdas.
06:32
In the US right now,
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Di AS saat ini,
Rata-rata IQ naik .36 poin/tahun.
06:34
average IQ is rising
at .36 points of IQ per year.
at .36 points of IQ per year.
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Yang menarik, di beberapa negara --
06:38
What's been very interesting
is that in some countries --
is that in some countries --
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bukan menyinggung,
Denmark dan Norwegia --
Denmark dan Norwegia --
06:41
not to call anyone out,
but Denmark and Norway --
but Denmark and Norway --
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dan beberapa negara,
seluruh kecerdasan kristal
seluruh kecerdasan kristal
06:43
in some countries, overall crystalline IQ
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06:46
has stopped or slowed down or declined.
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telah berhenti, melambat atau menurun.
Di negara lain
06:49
In other countries, though,
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06:51
particularly when looking at fluid IQ,
fluid intelligence,
fluid intelligence,
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khususnya melihat
IQ cair, kecerdasan cair,
IQ cair, kecerdasan cair,
angkanya naik,
06:54
the number is increasing,
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dan rating bertambahnya kecerdasan cair
terus meningkat,
terus meningkat,
06:55
and the rate of fluid intelligence
increase is increasing,
increase is increasing,
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dari tahun 1990-an.
06:59
starting in the 1990s.
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Kebetulan? Saya kira bukan
07:02
Coincidence? I think not.
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07:04
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
07:05
In fact, games are wired to produce
a particular kind of reaction in people.
a particular kind of reaction in people.
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Faktanya, game membantu membuat
reaksi khusus dengan orang.
reaksi khusus dengan orang.
07:10
So we've got this learning brain increase,
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Kita mendapatkan peningkatan
otak pembelajaran,
otak pembelajaran,
07:12
multitasking brain increase connection,
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koneksi peningkatan otak multitasking
dan putaran dopamin
kuat dalam otak.
kuat dalam otak.
07:14
and we also have a strong
dopamine loop in the brain.
dopamine loop in the brain.
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Game menghadirkan tantangan,
07:18
As games present a challenge,
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Anda berjuang mencapai tantangan itu
dan mengatasinya,
dan mengatasinya,
07:19
and you struggle to achieve that challenge
and you overcome it,
and you overcome it,
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Anda pun mengerahkan dopamin
07:22
dopamine is released in your brain.
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yang bisa menghasilkan
penguatan intrinsik.
penguatan intrinsik.
07:24
And that produces
an intrinsic reinforcement.
an intrinsic reinforcement.
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Menurut Judy, penguatan intrinsik itulah
07:27
In the words of Judy,
that produces an intrinsic reinforcement
that produces an intrinsic reinforcement
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yang membuat Anda kembali
07:30
that causes you to go back
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dan mencari aktivitas itu lagi dan lagi.
07:32
and keep seeking that activity
over and over again.
over and over again.
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Jadi game memang sangat kuat.
07:35
So this is really powerful stuff.
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Saya ingin memperkenalkan Anda dengan
pendidik yang mengerti detail rumit ini,
pendidik yang mengerti detail rumit ini,
07:37
I want to introduce you to an educator
who understands this in intricate detail,
who understands this in intricate detail,
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namanya Ananth Pai.
07:42
named Ananth Pai.
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Ananth seorang pebisnis sukses
07:44
Ananth was a very successful
businessperson
businessperson
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yang bekerja di perekayasaan ulang.
07:47
who worked on process reengineering.
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07:50
When his kids went into school
in White Bear Lake, Minnesota,
in White Bear Lake, Minnesota,
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Saat anaknya sekolah
di White Bear Lake, Minnesota,
di White Bear Lake, Minnesota,
07:54
a suburb of Minneapolis-Saint Paul,
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pinggiran Minneapolis-Saint Paul,
Dia melihat sistem pendidikan
07:56
he saw the education system
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dan ingin melakukan sesuatu.
07:57
and decided he wanted
to do something about it.
to do something about it.
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Saat dewasa, dia meraih master pendidikan
07:59
So as an adult, he went back
and got a master's in [Education]
and got a master's in [Education]
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dan mengambil alih kelas
di SD White Bear Lake.
di SD White Bear Lake.
08:02
and took over a class
at White Bear Lake Elementary School.
at White Bear Lake Elementary School.
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Anath Pai mengganti kurikulum standar
08:05
Ananth Pai replaced
the standard curriculum
the standard curriculum
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dengan kurikulum
berdasarkan game yang ia desain,
berdasarkan game yang ia desain,
08:08
with a video game based curriculum
of his own design,
of his own design,
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08:11
separating the kids into leaning styles
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membagi anak-anak sesuai gaya belajar
mereka
mereka
08:13
and giving them Nintendo DS's
and computer games --
and computer games --
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dan memberikan mereka
NIntendo DS dan game komputer --
NIntendo DS dan game komputer --
semua produk jadi,
tak ada yang rakitan --
tak ada yang rakitan --
08:16
everything off the shelf,
nothing custom --
nothing custom --
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memberikan NIntendo DS dan game komputer
08:18
giving them Nintendo DS's
and computer games
and computer games
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dan bisa game individu maupun kelompok,
08:21
that were both individual
and social to play,
and social to play,
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08:23
that taught them math and language.
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mengajarkan mereka matematika dan bahasa.
08:25
Let me tell you what happened.
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Yang terjadi,
Dalam waktu 18 minggu,
08:27
In the space of 18 weeks,
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Kelas Bapak Pai yang tadinya
di bawah level 3
di bawah level 3
08:31
Mr. Pai's class went
from a below-3rd-grade level
from a below-3rd-grade level
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3772
dalam membaca dan matematika
08:35
in reading and math
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08:36
to a mid-4th-grade level
in reading and math.
in reading and math.
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menjadi di pertengahan level 4
dalam membaca dan menghitung.
dalam membaca dan menghitung.
08:40
In 18 weeks of a game-based curriculum.
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18 minggu dengan kurikulum berbasis game.
Lebih penting lagi,
saat berbicara dengan anak-anak
saat berbicara dengan anak-anak
08:43
More importantly,
when you talk to the children,
when you talk to the children,
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saat mereka diwawancarai di TV,
meski jauh dari Bapak Pai,
meski jauh dari Bapak Pai,
08:46
when they're interviewed on television,
even away from Mr. Pai,
even away from Mr. Pai,
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Mereka berkata 2 hal lagi dan lagi
08:50
they say two things over and over again,
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yang membantu mereka belajar di kelas:
08:52
that help them learn in his class:
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08:54
learning is fun,
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belajar itu menyenangkan,
dan belajar itu tentang pemain ganda
08:56
and learning is multiplayer.
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Entah kata-katanya seperti atau tidak.
08:59
Whether they use those exact words or not,
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09:01
they say learning is fun
and learning is multiplayer.
and learning is multiplayer.
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belajar itu menyenangkan
dan pemain ganda.
dan pemain ganda.
Ini kunci yang sukses diterapkan
untuk anak-anak.
untuk anak-anak.
09:04
This is the key to making that experience
really successful for kids.
really successful for kids.
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Juga benar bahwa kita perlu membahas
09:07
It's also true, though,
that we need to talk about
that we need to talk about
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09:10
the relationship between kids
and violence in games.
and violence in games.
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hubungan anak dan kekerasan dalam game.
Penelitian demi penelitian berkata bahwa
09:12
Study after study very clearly tells you
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2007
game kekerasan
tidak membuat anak menjadi kasar
tidak membuat anak menjadi kasar
09:14
that violent games
do not make children violent.
do not make children violent.
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09:17
We also must acknowledge, however,
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Bahkan, kita juga harus mengakui
09:19
that if you have a child
predisposed to violence,
predisposed to violence,
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jika anak cenderung ke kekerasan,
game membantu anak
menjadi anak kasar yang lebih baik.
menjadi anak kasar yang lebih baik.
09:21
violent games may help make them
a better violent child.
a better violent child.
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3222
Jika game melatih anak untuk hal lain,
game juga melatihnya untuk hal itu,
game juga melatihnya untuk hal itu,
09:25
If they train kids to do other things,
they also will train that,
they also will train that,
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09:28
and we need to accept that,
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dan kita harus menerima,
09:29
and we need to start
understanding the connection
understanding the connection
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kita perlu mulai untuk paham hubungan
antara game, sebagai latihan.
09:32
between games as a form of training.
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Kita tidak bisa mengatakan
game tidak memengaruhi anak.
game tidak memengaruhi anak.
09:33
We can't blanket-say
that they don't affect kids.
that they don't affect kids.
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2334
Itu tidak benar.
09:36
It's not true.
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Saya ingin memanggil sekelompok orang
yang mendorong tren ini
yang mendorong tren ini
09:37
I'd like to call the group of people
who are driving this trend forward
who are driving this trend forward
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"Generasi G."
09:41
"Generation G."
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1159
Ada 126 juta milenial di AS dan Eropa,
09:42
There are 126 million millennials
in the United States and the EU,
in the United States and the EU,
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4128
09:46
plus younger kids we can't yet count,
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582137
2154
juga anak muda yang tak terhitung
yang membentuk Generasi G.
09:48
that form Generation G.
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1461
Yang membedakan Generasi G
dengan generasi X,Y
dengan generasi X,Y
09:50
And the way that Generation G
is different from X, Y,
is different from X, Y,
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09:54
and all the different generations
that we may belong to,
that we may belong to,
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dan semua generasi yang
kita ada di sana:
kita ada di sana:
adalah game itu bentuk hiburan yang utama
09:57
is that video games
are the primary form of entertainment
are the primary form of entertainment
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10:00
that Generation G is consuming.
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1700
yang dikonsumsi Generasi G.
Itu bentuk hiburan utama mereka.
10:02
It is their primary form of entertainment.
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Ini memicu efek luar biasa
pada masyarakat.
pada masyarakat.
10:04
This is already starting to have
a tremendous effect on society.
a tremendous effect on society.
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Di sekitar kita, hasrat Generasi G
untuk pengalaman game
untuk pengalaman game
10:07
All around us, Generation G's desire
for game-like experiences
for game-like experiences
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membentuk kembali industri,
10:10
is reshaping industries,
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1585
10:12
from Foursquare, which caused the mobile
social networking ecosystem to start,
social networking ecosystem to start,
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4809
dari Foursquare, yang membuat ekosistem
jaringan sosial seluler mulai berkembang,
jaringan sosial seluler mulai berkembang,
10:17
to companies like Nike, Coke, Chase,
and also Kozinga,
and also Kozinga,
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5521
hingga perusahaan seperti
Nike, Coke, Chase, juga Kozinga,
Nike, Coke, Chase, juga Kozinga,
yang menggantungkan
keberhasilan dari game.
keberhasilan dari game.
10:22
which owes much of its success to games.
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10:25
The trend that underlies this whole
pattern is called "gamification."
pattern is called "gamification."
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3810
Tren yang mendasari pola ini
disebut "gamifikasi."
disebut "gamifikasi."
10:29
It's a word that many of you,
I'm sure, have heard.
I'm sure, have heard.
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Saya yakin Anda pernah dengar.
Sederhananya, gamifikasi adalah
proses menggunakan pikiran game
proses menggunakan pikiran game
10:31
A simple definition of gamification
is it's the process of using game thinking
is it's the process of using game thinking
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4130
10:35
and game mechanics
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dan mekanisme game
untuk melibatkan pemirsa
dan memecahkan masalah.
dan memecahkan masalah.
10:37
to engage audiences and solve problems.
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Sebagian alasan mengapa
gamifikasi jadi topik baru sekarang
gamifikasi jadi topik baru sekarang
10:39
Part of the reason gamification has become
such an emergent topic right now
such an emergent topic right now
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adalah karena pengaruh Generasi G
pada budaya dan masyarakat.
pada budaya dan masyarakat.
10:43
is because of Generation G's effect
on culture and society already.
on culture and society already.
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3540
Ekspektasi mereka berbeda.
10:47
Their expectations are different.
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1573
10:48
Some examples of gamification
that you may have seen
that you may have seen
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Beberapa contoh gamifikasi
yang mungkin Anda tahu
yang mungkin Anda tahu
10:51
that are really fascinating to me
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1608
yang menakjubkan bagi saya
yaitu kemunculan
game dalam dasbor di mobil.
game dalam dasbor di mobil.
10:52
are the emergence
of in-dash[board] games in cars.
of in-dash[board] games in cars.
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2510
Sekarang, Jika Anda membeli
mesin hibrida atau kendaraan elektrik,
mesin hibrida atau kendaraan elektrik,
10:55
Today, if you buy a hybrid
or an electric vehicle,
or an electric vehicle,
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10:59
you'll almost certainly see
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1362
Anda pasti akan melihat
11:01
the product of a hundred million
dollars' worth of tooling
dollars' worth of tooling
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2804
produk perkakas
senilai ratusan juta dolar,
senilai ratusan juta dolar,
penelitian dan pengembangan,
11:03
and research and development,
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1409
11:05
in the form of a Tamagotchi-style game,
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2379
dalam bentuk game ala Tamagotchi,
dalam dasbor yang didesain agar
Anda jadi yang pengendara lebih cerdas.
Anda jadi yang pengendara lebih cerdas.
11:07
in a dashboard designed to make you
a more ecological driver.
a more ecological driver.
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4148
11:11
Most of the game mechanics
are very simple:
are very simple:
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3021
Kebanyakan game mekanis sangat mudah:
11:14
a plant grows as you drive
more ecologically
more ecologically
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2736
Tanaman tumbuh saat
berkendara lebih ekologis
berkendara lebih ekologis
Dan layu jika tidak,
11:17
and withers if you don't,
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seperti hewan virtual Tamagotchi,
11:19
like those virtual pets Tamagotchi.
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Itu contoh gamifikasi di tempat kerja.
11:21
This is an example
of gamification at work.
of gamification at work.
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3486
Contoh menarik lain game yang disebut
"Undian Kamera Cepat"
"Undian Kamera Cepat"
11:24
Another really interesting example
is a thing called "speed camera lottery,"
is a thing called "speed camera lottery,"
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3787
11:28
designed by Kevin Richardson,
based in San Francisco, works for MTV.
based in San Francisco, works for MTV.
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4181
yang dirancang oleh Kevin Richardson
di San Fransisco, yang bekerja untuk MTV.
di San Fransisco, yang bekerja untuk MTV.
11:32
Awesome guy.
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1151
Lelaki yang hebat.
Konsep game itu adalah:
11:33
This is the concept
in speed camera lottery:
in speed camera lottery:
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2094
Anda tahu kamera cepat yang lewat,
11:36
you know those speeding cameras
that you pass by,
that you pass by,
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2500
memfoto Anda dan memberikan tiket?
11:38
and they take your picture
and send you a ticket?
and send you a ticket?
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2309
Di banyak negara Skandinavia,
11:40
In many Scandinavian countries,
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tiketnya bukan hanya berdasarkan
seberapa cepatnya Anda melaju,
seberapa cepatnya Anda melaju,
11:42
the ticket you get is actually based
not only on how fast you were going,
not only on how fast you were going,
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tapi uang yang Anda hasilkan,
makin banyak uang, makin besar tiket.
makin banyak uang, makin besar tiket.
11:45
but how much money you make:
the more you make, the bigger the ticket.
the more you make, the bigger the ticket.
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3342
Kevin merekayasa ulang
kamera cepat di Swedia
kamera cepat di Swedia
11:49
Kevin reengineered
a speeding camera in Sweden
a speeding camera in Sweden
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11:52
that instead of just giving tickets
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bukan hanya memberi tiket
untuk pengendara
yang melebihi kecepatan kamera,
yang melebihi kecepatan kamera,
11:53
to people who drive over the speed limit
that pass the camera,
that pass the camera,
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pengendara di bawah batas kecepatan
diberi undian
diberi undian
11:56
anybody who drives under the limit
is entered into a lottery
is entered into a lottery
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3409
12:00
to win the proceeds
of the people who speed.
of the people who speed.
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2350
untuk merebut
hasil dari yang melaju kencang
hasil dari yang melaju kencang
(Tertawa)
12:02
(Laughter)
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2388
(Tepuk tangan)
12:05
(Applause)
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2002
12:07
It is game thinking --
that term I described earlier,
that term I described earlier,
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3660
Itulah pemikiran game --
yang saya jelaskan di awal,
yang saya jelaskan di awal,
12:10
the core foundation of gamification --
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1839
fondasi inti gamifikasi --
dalam bentuknya
yang paling murni dan indah:
yang paling murni dan indah:
12:12
in its purest and most beautiful form:
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2730
ambil penguatan negatif yang besar
12:15
take a big, negative reinforcement loop
272
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2092
12:17
and turn it into small, incremental
positive reinforcement loop.
positive reinforcement loop.
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3022
dan ubah jadi
penguatan positif yang bertambah.
penguatan positif yang bertambah.
Itu menurunkan kecepatan
lebih dari 20% pada titik intervensi.
lebih dari 20% pada titik intervensi.
12:20
It had the effect of dropping speed
by over 20% at that point of intervention.
by over 20% at that point of intervention.
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4400
12:25
Corporations have also become aware
of the trend of gamification
of the trend of gamification
275
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3197
Perusahaan sudah tersadar
akan tren gamifikasi
akan tren gamifikasi
12:28
and the effect of games on people
like Generation G.
like Generation G.
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3097
dan pengaruh game pada orang
seperti Generasi G.
seperti Generasi G.
12:31
Gartner Group says that by 2015,
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Grup Gartner mengatakan,
pada tahun 2015
pada tahun 2015
12:33
70% of all the Global 2000,
the biggest companies in the world,
the biggest companies in the world,
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3765
70% dari Global 2000,
perusahaan terbesar dunia
perusahaan terbesar dunia
12:37
will be actively using gamification,
279
752659
1976
akan menggunakan gamifikasi secara aktif,
12:39
and 50% of their process of innovation
280
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2688
dan 50% dari proses inovasi mereka
akan terpengaruh game.
12:41
will be gamified,
281
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1152
12:43
which is an astonishing thing.
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1782
Mengherankan.
12:44
It's a huge change.
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Itu perubahan besar.
12:46
What this all points to
is a future that looks pretty different
is a future that looks pretty different
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Semua ini menunjuk ke
masa depan yang tampak berbeda
masa depan yang tampak berbeda
12:49
from the world we live in today.
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dari masa sekarang.
Generasi G dan mereka,
pendorong meme gamifikasi
pendorong meme gamifikasi
12:51
Generation G and those driving
the gamification meme forward,
the gamification meme forward,
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menyokong dunia yang berbeda,
12:54
are advocating for a different world.
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dunia di mana sesuatu
bergerak lebih cepat
bergerak lebih cepat
12:57
It's a world in which things
move at faster pace
move at faster pace
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13:00
than they did for you and me.
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dari dunia Anda dan saya,
13:02
It's a world in which
there are rewards everywhere
there are rewards everywhere
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dunia di mana ada penghargaan
di mana-mana
di mana-mana
untuk tindakan orang,
13:04
for actions that people take.
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penghargaan tidak harus
dalam bentuk uang,
dalam bentuk uang,
13:06
The rewards don't always
have to be cash rewards.
have to be cash rewards.
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tapi bisa dalam bentuk
status yang berarti,
status yang berarti,
13:08
They can be meaningful status rewards,
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13:10
meaningful access rewards,
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akses yang berarti
13:11
meaningful power rewards.
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kekuatan yang berarti,
13:13
A world in which there's extensive
collaborative play.
collaborative play.
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dunia yang ada permainan
kolaborasi yang meluas.
kolaborasi yang meluas.
13:16
This is one of the things
that Generation G does so much differently
that Generation G does so much differently
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Itulah salah satu
yang membedakan Generasi G
yang membedakan Generasi G
dengan generasi saya.
13:20
than even my generation.
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Saya ingat saat sekolah,
guru memberi tugas
guru memberi tugas
13:21
I remember going to school and teachers
struggling to come up with exercises
struggling to come up with exercises
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13:25
that we could do as a team,
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yang bisa dikerjakan kelompok
13:26
that would be graded as a team.
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dan dinilai per kelompok.
Tapi akhirnya, tugas kelompok selalu
dipecah menjadi skor individu,
dipecah menjadi skor individu,
13:29
In the end, those group exercises
always boiled down to an individual score,
always boiled down to an individual score,
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yang mengubah cara orang berperilaku.
13:32
which distorted the way
that people behaved.
that people behaved.
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Tapi, Generasi G banyak bermain game
13:35
But, Generation G plays a lot of games
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yang murni kerja sama,
di mana ada nilai grup.
di mana ada nilai grup.
13:37
that are purely collaborative,
in which there is group value.
in which there is group value.
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13:40
This will also affect our world
in untold ways.
in untold ways.
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Ini akan memengaruhi dunia kita
secara tak terduga
secara tak terduga
13:43
And, Generation G, the fun future,
is a much more global world.
is a much more global world.
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Generasi G, masa depan yang menyenangkan
berada di dunia yang lebih global.
berada di dunia yang lebih global.
Ternyata kita sudah tidak terhubung.
13:47
It turns out that we are
already out of touch.
already out of touch.
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Kita generasi paling tidak terhubung
dengan anak masa kini dan depan
dengan anak masa kini dan depan
13:51
We are the generation most out of touch
with our future or current children
with our future or current children
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13:57
than any generation in history.
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dari seluruh generasi di sejarah.
Orang tua generasi 1950-an
paling lemah informasi
paling lemah informasi
13:59
We like to think that baby boomers'
parents were the most out-of-touch people
parents were the most out-of-touch people
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14:03
in the world.
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di dunia.
Mereka hanya tahu cinta,
14:04
They're the ones who had
to deal with the summer of love
to deal with the summer of love
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seks, obat dan semua hal macam itu.
14:07
and sex and drugs
and all that kind of stuff.
and all that kind of stuff.
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Kita masih panggilan telepon.
14:09
We still make phone calls.
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14:10
(Laughter)
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Tertawa
Maksud saya, kita yang bermasalah,
14:12
I mean, we are the ones with the problem,
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dan akan jadi yang paling tak terhubung
sepanjang sejarah.
sepanjang sejarah.
14:14
and we are going to be the most
out-of-touch generation in history.
out-of-touch generation in history.
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Te ntu, itu juga benar,
di sini saya memberitahu Anda:
di sini saya memberitahu Anda:
14:18
Of course, it's also true,
and I'm here to tell you:
and I'm here to tell you:
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Anak-anak baik-baik saja.
14:23
the kids are alright.
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Mereka akan baik-baik saja.
14:25
They're going to be just fine.
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14:27
We don't need to worry, strictly speaking,
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Tegasnya kita tidak perlu khawatir,
14:32
about kids and games, and the effect
that it will have on the world.
that it will have on the world.
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Tentang anak dan game, dampak yang akan
terjadi di dunia.
terjadi di dunia.
14:35
Not just are the kids
are going to be alright;
are going to be alright;
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Anak-anak tidak hanya akan baik-baik saja;
14:37
frankly, the kids are going to be awesome.
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Jujur, anak-anak akan menjadi luar biasa.
Tapi bantuan Anda sangat dibutuhkan.
14:40
But it's going to take your help
to make the kids awesome.
to make the kids awesome.
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Saya punya resep untuk Anda.
14:43
I have a prescription for you.
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879286
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Ini resep terbaik yang akan Anda dapatkan.
14:45
This is the best prescription anybody
is ever going to write in your life.
is ever going to write in your life.
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5980
14:51
I'm going to write it for you right now,
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Saya akan menulis resep itu sekarang
14:53
in your mind, I don't have an actual pad.
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di pikiran Anda, saya tidak punya buku
catatan.
catatan.
Klarifikasi, saya bukan dokter.
14:56
Just for clarity, a disclaimer:
I'm not a doctor.
I'm not a doctor.
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(Tertawa)
14:58
(Laughter)
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Namun saya akan menulis
resep untuk Anda.
resep untuk Anda.
15:00
I am, however, going to write
a prescription for you all.
a prescription for you all.
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Ini resepnya:
15:03
This is the prescription:
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898949
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Jika Anda punya anak
atau bekerja dengan anak,
atau bekerja dengan anak,
15:05
if you have children
or you work with children,
or you work with children,
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15:07
or you desire to work with children,
or you want to change he world,
or you want to change he world,
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Anda ingin bekerja dengan anak,
atau mengubah dunia,
atau mengubah dunia,
Inilah hal paling positif
yang dapat Anda lakukan,
yang dapat Anda lakukan,
15:10
this is the absolute, positive best thing
that you can do with your time,
that you can do with your time,
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dari sekarang sampai saya melihat Anda
di rumah pensiunan di pesisir Spanyol
di rumah pensiunan di pesisir Spanyol
15:14
from now until I see you in the retirement
home on the coast of Spain
home on the coast of Spain
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15:18
or in the virtual world,
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atau di virtual,
di manapun Anda pensiun
15:19
wherever you choose to retire,
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15:21
which is: get into the game
with your kids.
with your kids.
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yaitu: ikutlah bermain game
dengan anak Anda
dengan anak Anda
15:24
Stop fighting the game trend,
if that's where you are right now.
if that's where you are right now.
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Berhenti melawan tren game,
jika Anda melihatnya sekarang.
jika Anda melihatnya sekarang.
15:28
Don't fight the game trend.
Become one with the game.
Become one with the game.
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Jangan menyangkal tren game.
Jadilah pemain game.
Jadilah pemain game.
15:31
Enter the game. Understand it.
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Masuki game. Pahami game.
15:33
Understand the dynamic
of how your children play
of how your children play
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Pahami dinamisnya anak Anda bermain
15:36
the games that they play.
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game yang mereka mainkan.
15:38
Understand how their minds work
from the context of the game outward,
from the context of the game outward,
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Pahami bagaimana pikiran mereka bekerja
dari konsteks dampak game pada dunia
dari konsteks dampak game pada dunia
15:42
rather than from the world outside inward.
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bukan dari konteks
pandangan dunia pada game.
pandangan dunia pada game.
Dunia yang kita tinggali sekarang,
15:45
The world that we live in right now,
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di mana setiap minggu sore dihabiskan
untuk secangkir teh herbal,
untuk secangkir teh herbal,
15:46
the world of Sunday afternoons,
drinking a cup of herbal tea,
drinking a cup of herbal tea,
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15:50
reading some old book,
chilling out by the window,
chilling out by the window,
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membaca buku lama, bersantai di jendela,
telah berakhir.
15:53
is over.
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(Tertawa)
15:55
(Laughter)
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15:56
And that's okay.
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Tidak masalah.
15:58
There's a lot more things that we can do
that are fun and engaging.
that are fun and engaging.
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Banyak hal seru dan menarik
yang bisa kita lakukan.
yang bisa kita lakukan.
16:02
If you take away one thing
from today's presentation,
from today's presentation,
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Jika Anda mengambil satu pelajaran
dari presentasi hari ini,
dari presentasi hari ini,
16:05
I hope it is you get a chance
to go play with your kids.
to go play with your kids.
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960724
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Saya harap itu kesempatan
untuk bermain dengan anak.
untuk bermain dengan anak.
Terima kasih
16:08
Thank you.
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(Tepuk tangan)
16:09
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gabe Zichermann - Entrepreneur, authorDo kids these days have short attention spans, or does the world just move too slow? Gabe Zichermann suggests that today's video games are making children smarter -- and we should all embrace gamification.
Why you should listen
Gabe Zichermann is an entrepreneur and author whose work centers on gamification--and the power of games to help engage people and build strong organizations and communities. In 2010, he chaired the Gamification summit, a conference dedicated to gamification and “engagement mechanics.” An avid blogger on the subject, he co-authored the book Game-Based Marketing, which examines the innovative trend of using game mechanics to engage and build a customer base.
Gabe Zichermann | Speaker | TED.com