ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TED-Ed

Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to

Filmed:
17,835,841 views

TED curator Chris Anderson shares his obsession with questions that no one (yet) knows the answers to. A short intro leads into two questions: Why can't we see evidence of alien life? on.ted.com/AlienLife and How many universes are there? on.ted.com/HowMany ...
- TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
On a typicalkhas day at schoolsekolah,
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Pada hari-hari biasa di sekolah,
00:18
endlesstak berujung hoursjam are spentmenghabiskan learningbelajar
the answersjawaban to questionspertanyaan,
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berjam-jam dihabiskan untuk mencari
jawaban suatu pertanyaan,
00:22
but right now, we'llbaik do the oppositeseberang.
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tapi sekarang, kita lakukan sebaliknya.
00:26
We're going to focusfokus on questionspertanyaan
where you can't learnbelajar the answersjawaban
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Kita akan fokus pada pertanyaan
yang tak bisa dicari jawabannya
00:29
because they're unknowntidak diketahui.
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karena mereka tidak diketahui.
00:31
I used to puzzlemembingungkan about a lot of things
as a boyanak laki-laki, for examplecontoh:
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Dulu aku memikirkan banyak hal,
contohnya:
00:36
What would it feel like to be a doganjing?
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Bagaimana rasanya menjadi seekor anjing?
00:39
Do fishikan feel painrasa sakit?
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Apakah ikan merasakan sakit?
00:41
How about insectsserangga?
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Bagaimana dengan serangga?
00:43
Was the BigBesar BangBang just an accidentkecelakaan?
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Apakah Big Bang hanyalah kecelakaan?
00:47
And is there a God?
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Dan apakah Tuhan itu ada?
00:49
And if so, how are we so sure
that it's a He and not a She?
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Dan jika ada, bagaimana kita yakin
bahwa Dia itu Pria, bukan Wanita?
00:53
Why do so manybanyak innocenttidak bersalah people
and animalshewan suffermenderita terribleburuk things?
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Mengapa banyak orang dan hewan tak berdosa
mengalami hal-hal buruk?
00:57
Is there really a planrencana for my life?
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Apakah rencana hidupku benar-benar ada?
01:00
Is the futuremasa depan yetnamun to be writtentertulis,
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Apakah masa depan belum ditakdirkan,
01:02
or is it alreadysudah writtentertulis
and we just can't see it?
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atau sudah ditakdirkan
dan kita tak bisa melihatnya?
01:05
But then, do I have freebebas will?
I mean, who am I anywaybagaimanapun?
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Jadi, apakah aku punya kehendak bebas?
Maksudku, siapakah aku?
01:08
Am I just a biologicalbiologis machinemesin?
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Apakah aku hanya mesin biologis?
01:11
But then, why am I conscioussadar?
What is consciousnesskesadaran?
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Namun, mengapa aku sadar?
Apa itu kesadaran?
01:15
Will robotsrobot becomemenjadi conscioussadar one day?
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Akankah robot punya kesadaran
suatu hari nanti?
01:19
I mean, I kindjenis of assumeddiasumsikan that some day
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Maksudku, aku berpikir suatu hari nanti
01:21
I would be told the answersjawaban
to all these questionspertanyaan.
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aku akan diberi tahu jawaban
semua pertanyaan ini.
01:25
SomeoneSeseorang mustharus know, right?
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Seseorang pasti tahu, bukan?
01:28
GuessRasa what? No one knowstahu.
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Coba tebak? Tak ada yang tahu.
01:32
MostSebagian of those questionspertanyaan
puzzlemembingungkan me more now than ever.
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Pertanyaan-pertanyaan itu
lebih membingungkanku sekarang.
01:35
But divingMenyelam into them is excitingseru
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Namun menarik didalami
01:38
because it takes you
to the edgetepi of knowledgepengetahuan,
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karena itu akan membawamu
ke batas pengetahuan,
01:40
and you never know what you'llAnda akan find there.
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dan kau tak tahu apa yang akan
kau temukan.
01:43
So, two questionspertanyaan that no one
on EarthBumi knowstahu the answermenjawab to.
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Dua pertanyaan yang tak seorangpun
tahu jawabannya.
01:50
(MusicMusik)
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(Musik)
01:52
[How manybanyak universesalam semesta are there?]
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[Ada berapa jumlah alam semesta?]
01:57
SometimesKadang-kadang when I'm on a long planepesawat flightpenerbangan,
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Terkadang saat aku dalam penerbangan,
02:00
I gazepandangan out at all those
mountainsgunung and desertspadang pasir
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aku menatap semua gunung dan gurun
02:02
and try to get my headkepala
around how vastluas our EarthBumi is.
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dan mencoba memahami
betapa luas Bumi ini.
02:06
And then I rememberingat
that there's an objectobyek we see everysetiap day
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Dan aku teringat ada objek
yang kita lihat setiap hari
02:09
that would literallysecara harfiah fitcocok
one millionjuta EarthsBumi insidedalam it:
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yang benar-benar pas
dengan ukuran jutaan Bumi:
02:13
the SunSun.
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Matahari.
02:14
It seemsSepertinya impossiblymustahil bigbesar.
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Ia terlihat begitu besar.
02:15
But in the great schemeskema
of things, it's a pinprickpinprick,
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Namun dalam gambaran besar,
ia hanyalah jarum peniti,
02:19
one of about 400 billionmilyar starsbintang
in the MilkySakti Way galaxygalaksi,
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satu dari 400 miliar bintang
di galaksi Bima Sakti,
02:23
whichyang you can see on a clearbersih night
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yang dapat kau lihat di malam yang cerah
02:25
as a palepucat whiteputih mistkabut
stretchedmembentang acrossmenyeberang the skylangit.
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seperti kabut putih pekat
membentang di langit.
02:28
And it getsmendapat worselebih buruk.
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Ini semakin memburuk.
02:29
There are maybe 100 billionmilyar galaxiesgalaksi
detectableterdeteksi by our telescopesteleskop.
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Mungkin ada 100 miliar galaksi
yang terdeteksi oleh teleskop kita.
02:33
So if eachsetiap starbintang was the sizeukuran
of a singletunggal graingandum of sandpasir,
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Jadi jika setiap bintang
berukuran sebutir pasir,
02:38
just the MilkySakti Way has enoughcukup starsbintang
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maka Bima Sakti punya cukup bintang
02:40
to fillmengisi a 30-foot-kaki by 30-foot-kaki
stretchmeregang of beachpantai
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untuk mengisi 30 kaki kali 30 kaki
luas pantai
02:42
threetiga feetkaki deepdalam with sandpasir.
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dengan kedalaman 3 kaki dengan pasir.
02:45
And the entireseluruh EarthBumi
doesn't have enoughcukup beachespantai
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Dan Bumi tidak punya cukup pantai
02:48
to representmewakili the starsbintang
in the overallsecara keseluruhan universealam semesta.
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untuk mewakili bintang
di seluruh alam semesta.
02:51
SuchSeperti a beachpantai would continueterus for literallysecara harfiah
hundredsratusan of millionsjutaan of milesmil.
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Pantai itu akan berlanjut hingga
ratusan juta mil.
02:55
HolyKudus StephenStephen HawkingMenjajakan,
that is a lot of starsbintang.
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Demi Stephen Hawking,
itu bintang yang banyak sekali.
02:59
But he and other physicistsfisikawan
now believe in a realityrealitas
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Namun dia dan fisikawan lain
kini percaya nyatanya
03:02
that is unimaginablysangat biggerlebih besar still.
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bahwa bintang masih bisa membesar.
03:06
I mean, first of all,
the 100 billionmilyar galaxiesgalaksi
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Mula-mula, 100 miliar galaksi
berada dalam jangkauan
teleskop kita
03:08
withindalam rangejarak of our telescopesteleskop
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03:09
are probablymungkin a minusculesangat kecil
fractionpecahan of the totaltotal.
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mungkin hanyalah sebagian kecil
dari keseluruhan.
03:12
SpaceRuang itselfdiri is expandingmemperluas
at an acceleratingmempercepat pacekecepatan.
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Angkasa terus berkembang
dengan kecepatan tertentu.
03:16
The vastluas majoritymayoritas of the galaxiesgalaksi
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Sebagian besar galaksi
03:18
are separatingmemisahkan from us so fastcepat
that lightcahaya from them maymungkin never reachmencapai us.
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terpisah dari kita sampai bahkan
cahaya tak pernah sampai pada kita.
03:23
Still, our physicalfisik realityrealitas here on EarthBumi
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Dan lagi, realitas fisik kita di Bumi
03:26
is intimatelyintim connectedterhubung
to those distantjauh, invisibletak terlihat galaxiesgalaksi.
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berhubungan erat dengan galaksi
yang jauh dan tak terlihat itu.
03:29
We can think of them
as partbagian of our universealam semesta.
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Kita bisa menganggapnya
sebagai bagian dari semesta kita.
03:32
They make up a singletunggal, giantraksasa edificegedung
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Galaksi-galaksi itu membentuk
bangunan raksasa
03:35
obeyingmematuhi the samesama physicalfisik lawshukum
and all madeterbuat from the samesama typesjenis of atomsatom,
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mengikuti hukum fisika
dan terbentuk dari atom,
03:38
electronselektron, protonsproton, quarkskuark, neutrinosNeutrino,
that make up you and me.
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elektron, proton, quark, neutrino
yang sama, yang membentuk kau dan aku.
03:42
HoweverNamun, recentbaru theoriesteori in physicsfisika,
includingtermasuk one calledbernama stringtali theoryteori,
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Namun, teori fisika terkini,
termasuk 'teori dawai',
03:46
are now tellingpemberitaan us there could be
countlesstak terhitung other universesalam semesta
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menjelaskan akan ada semesta lain
yang tak terhitung
03:50
builtdibangun di on differentberbeda typesjenis of particlespartikel,
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terbentuk dari partikel yang berbeda,
03:52
with differentberbeda propertiesproperti,
obeyingmematuhi differentberbeda lawshukum.
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dengan sifat yang berbeda,
mengikuti aturan yang berbeda.
03:54
MostSebagian of these universesalam semesta
could never supportmendukung life,
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Kebanyakan semesta ini
tak dapat menopang kehidupan,
03:57
and mightmungkin flashflash in and out
of existenceadanya in a nanosecondnanodetik.
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dan mungkin terdapat kehidupan
hanya dalam satu nanodetik.
04:01
But nonethelessmeskipun begitu, combinedgabungan,
they make up a vastluas multiversemultiverse
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Namun, mereka bergabung
membentuk multiverse
04:04
of possiblemungkin universesalam semesta
in up to 11 dimensionsukuran,
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dari semesta yang mungkin ada
sampai 11 dimensi,
04:07
featuringmenampilkan wonderskeajaiban
beyondluar our wildestpaling liar imaginationimajinasi.
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menampilkan keajaiban
di luar imajinasi kita.
04:12
The leadingterkemuka versionversi of stringtali theoryteori
predictsmemprediksi a multiversemultiverse
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Versi terkemuka dari teori dawai
memprediksi multiverse
04:15
madeterbuat up of 10 to the 500 universesalam semesta.
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terbentuk dari 10 sampai 500 semesta.
04:17
That's a one followeddiikuti by 500 zerosnol,
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Itu adalah 1, yang diikuti 500 nol,
04:20
a numberjumlah so vastluas that if everysetiap atomatom
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jumlah yang besar bahwa
jika setiap atom
04:23
in our observabletampak universealam semesta
had its ownsendiri universealam semesta,
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di semesta kita yang dapat diamati
memiliki semestanya sendiri,
04:27
and all of the atomsatom
in all those universesalam semesta eachsetiap had
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dan semua atom dalam semesta itu
04:29
theirmereka ownsendiri universealam semesta,
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memiliki semestanya sendiri,
04:32
and you repeatedulang that for two more cyclessiklus,
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dan kau mengulanginya sampai dua putaran;
04:34
you'dAnda akan still be at a tinymungil
fractionpecahan of the totaltotal,
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kau masih berada pada bagian kecil
dari keseluruhan,
04:37
namelyyaitu, one trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trilliontriliun
trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trilliontriliun
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yaitu, sepersetriliun triliun triliun
triliun triliun triliun triliun
04:41
trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trilliontriliun
trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trilliontriliun trillionthtrillionth.
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triliun triliun triliun triliun
triliun triliun triliun triliun.
04:46
(LaughterTawa)
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(Tawa)
04:47
But even that numberjumlah
is minusculesangat kecil compareddibandingkan to anotherlain numberjumlah:
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Bahkan jumlah itu amat kecil
dibandingkan jumlah lain:
04:53
infinitytanpa batas.
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tak terhingga.
04:54
Some physicistsfisikawan think the space-timeRuang-waktu
continuumkontinum is literallysecara harfiah infinitetak terbatas
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Beberapa fisikawan berpikir
kesatuan ruang-waktu itu tak terhingga
04:57
and that it containsmengandung an infinitetak terbatas numberjumlah
of so-calledapa yang disebut pocketsaku universesalam semesta
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dan mengandung semesta yang dapat diamati
yang tak terhingga jumlahnya
05:01
with varyingbervariasi propertiesproperti.
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dengan beragam sifat.
05:03
How'sBagaimana your brainotak doing?
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Bagaimana otakmu sekarang?
05:05
QuantumKuantum theoryteori addsmenambahkan a wholeseluruh newbaru wrinklekerut.
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Teori kuantum menambah kerumitan baru.
05:07
I mean, the theory'steori been proventerbukti
truebenar beyondluar all doubtkeraguan,
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Teori ini terbukti benar
tanpa keraguan,
05:09
but interpretingmenafsirkan it is bafflingmembingungkan,
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tapi penafsirannya membingungkan,
05:11
and some physicistsfisikawan think
you can only un-baffleun-baffle it
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dan beberapa fisikawan berpikir
kebingungan itu dapat diatasi
05:15
if you imaginemembayangkan that hugebesar numbersangka
of parallelparalel universesalam semesta
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jika kau membayangkan
banyak semesta paralel
05:17
are beingmakhluk spawnedmelahirkan everysetiap momentsaat,
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terlahir setiap saat,
05:20
and manybanyak of these universesalam semesta would actuallysebenarnya
be very like the worlddunia we're in,
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dan banyak dari semesta ini yang mirip
dengan dunia kita,
05:23
would includetermasuk multiplebanyak copiessalinan of you.
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termasuk banyak salinan dirimu.
05:25
In one suchseperti itu universealam semesta,
you'dAnda akan graduatelulus with honorsPenghargaan
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Di semesta itu,
kau lulus dengan pujian,
05:28
and marrynikah the personorang of your dreamsmimpi,
and in anotherlain, not so much.
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dan menikahi orang yang kau impikan,
dan di yang lain, tidak begtu.
05:33
Well, there are still some scientistsilmuwan
who would say, hogwashomong kosong.
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Masih ada banyak ilmuwan
yang berkata omong kosong.
05:36
The only meaningfulberarti answermenjawab to the questionpertanyaan
of how manybanyak universesalam semesta there are is one.
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Jawaban paling berarti dari pertanyaan
berapa banyak semesta itu hanyalah satu.
05:40
Only one universealam semesta.
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Hanya satu semesta.
05:42
And a fewbeberapa philosophersfilsuf
and mysticsMistik mightmungkin arguememperdebatkan
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Dan sedikit filsuf dan ahli mitos
mungkin membantah
05:45
that even our ownsendiri universealam semesta is an illusionilusi.
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bahwa semesta kita hanyalah ilusi.
Seperti yang kau lihat sekarang,
05:49
So, as you can see, right now
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05:51
there is no agreementpersetujuan
on this questionpertanyaan, not even closedekat.
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tidak ada kesepakatan dari pertanyaan ini,
bahkan yang mendekati.
05:54
All we know is the answermenjawab is somewhereentah di mana
betweenantara zeronol and infinitytanpa batas.
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Yang kita tahu jawabannya
suatu tempat antara nol dan tak terhingga.
05:59
Well, I guesskira we know one other thing.
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Kurasa kita tahu satu hal.
06:01
This is a prettycantik coolkeren time
to be studyingbelajar physicsfisika.
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Inilah waktu yang tepat
untuk belajar fisika.
06:05
We just mightmungkin be undergoingmenjalani
the biggestterbesar paradigmparadigma shiftbergeser in knowledgepengetahuan
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Kita mungkin mengalami pergeseran
paradigma terbesar dalam pengetahuan
06:08
that humanitykemanusiaan has ever seenterlihat.
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bahwa kemanusiaan pernah ada.
06:10
(MusicMusik)
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(Musik)
06:14
[Why can't we see evidencebukti of alienasing life?]
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[Mengapa kita tak bisa melihat
bukti kehidupan alien?]
06:17
SomewhereDi suatu tempat out there in that vastluas universealam semesta
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Di suatu tempat di luar semesta sana
06:20
there mustharus surelypasti be countlesstak terhitung
other planetsplanet teemingpenuh with life.
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pasti ada banyak planet lain
yang dikelilingi kehidupan.
06:23
But why don't we see any evidencebukti of it?
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Namun kenapa kita tak melihat
bukti apapun?
06:27
Well, this is the famousterkenal questionpertanyaan
askedtanya by EnricoEnrico FermiFermi in 1950:
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Ini adalah pertanyaan terkenal
dari Enrico Fermi pada 1950:
06:30
Where is everybodysemua orang?
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Di mana semua orang?
06:33
ConspiracyKonspirasi theoriststeori claimklaim that UFOsUFO
are visitingmengunjungi all the time
122
393006
3814
Ahli teori konspirasi mengklaim bahwa
UFO berkunjung setiap saat
06:36
and the reportslaporan are just beingmakhluk coveredtertutupi up,
123
396844
2146
dan laporannya ditutup-tutupi,
06:39
but honestlysecara jujur, they aren'ttidak very convincingmeyakinkan.
124
399014
2844
tapi sebenarnya, mereka tidak meyakinkan.
06:41
But that leavesDaun-daun a realnyata riddleteka-teki.
125
401882
1429
Namun itu menyisakan teka-teki.
06:44
In the pastlalu yeartahun,
the KeplerKepler spaceruang observatoryObservatory
126
404330
2690
Setahun yang lalu,
observatorium angkasa Kepler
06:47
has foundditemukan hundredsratusan of planetsplanet
just around nearbydekat starsbintang.
127
407044
2881
menemukan ratusan planet
di sekitar bintang terdekat.
06:50
And if you extrapolateEkstrapolasi that datadata,
128
410580
1731
Dan jika kau menggunakan data itu,
06:52
it looksterlihat like there could
be halfsetengah a trilliontriliun planetsplanet
129
412335
3362
akan ada setengah triliun planet
06:55
just in our ownsendiri galaxygalaksi.
130
415721
1365
di galaksi kita.
06:58
If any one in 10,000 has conditionskondisi
131
418267
2087
Jika satu dari 10.000 planet
punya kondisi
07:00
that mightmungkin supportmendukung a formbentuk of life,
132
420378
2598
yang mampu menopang kehidupan,
07:03
that's still 50 millionjuta possiblemungkin
life-harboringkehidupan-Harboring planetsplanet
133
423000
2976
itu masih 50 juta planet yang
memungkinkan menopang kehidupan
07:06
right here in the MilkySakti Way.
134
426000
1515
di galaksi Bima Sakti ini.
07:08
So here'sini the riddleteka-teki:
135
428551
1688
Jadi ini teka-tekinya:
07:10
our EarthBumi didn't formbentuk
136
430263
1636
Bumi kita tidak terbentuk
07:11
untilsampai about ninesembilan billionmilyar yearstahun
after the BigBesar BangBang.
137
431923
2593
sampai sembilan miliar tahun
setelah Big Bang.
07:15
CountlessTak terhitung other planetsplanet in our galaxygalaksi
should have formedterbentuk earliersebelumnya,
138
435685
3408
Planet lain di galaksi kita
semestinya terbentuk lebih dulu,
07:19
and givendiberikan life a chancekesempatan to get underwaysedang berlangsung
139
439117
2318
dan memberi kesempatan kehidupan
untuk terjadi
07:21
billionsmiliaran, or certainlypasti manybanyak millionsjutaan
of yearstahun earliersebelumnya than happenedterjadi on EarthBumi.
140
441459
4801
miliaran, tepatnya jutaan tahun
lebih dulu dari Bumi.
07:27
If just a fewbeberapa of them
had spawnedmelahirkan intelligentcerdas life
141
447268
2709
Jika hanya sebagian kecil yang
melahirkan kehidupan cerdas
07:30
and starteddimulai creatingmenciptakan technologiesteknologi,
142
450001
2544
dan mulai menciptakan teknologi,
07:32
those technologiesteknologi would have
had millionsjutaan of yearstahun
143
452569
3240
teknologi itu akan punya waktu
jutaan tahun
07:35
to growtumbuh in complexitykompleksitas and powerkekuasaan.
144
455833
2004
untuk tumbuh dalam kompleksitas
dan kekuatan.
07:39
On EarthBumi,
145
459166
1579
Di Bumi,
07:40
we'vekita sudah seenterlihat how dramaticallysecara dramatis
technologyteknologi can acceleratemempercepat
146
460769
2871
kita melihat bagaimana
teknologi dapat berkembang
07:43
in just 100 yearstahun.
147
463664
1361
hanya dalam 100 tahun.
07:46
In millionsjutaan of yearstahun,
an intelligentcerdas alienasing civilizationperadaban
148
466407
3569
Dalam jutaan tahun,
peradaban alien yang cerdas
07:50
could easilymudah have spreadpenyebaran out
acrossmenyeberang the galaxygalaksi,
149
470000
2707
dapat tersebar dengan mudah
melintasi galaksi,
07:52
perhapsmungkin creatingmenciptakan giantraksasa
energy-harvestingPemanenan energi artifactsartefak
150
472731
3383
mungkin menciptakan artefak
pembangkit energi raksasa
07:56
or fleetsArmada of colonizingmendiami spaceshipspesawat ruang angkasa
151
476138
2401
atau armada pesawat penjajah
07:59
or gloriousMulia worksbekerja of artseni
that fillmengisi the night skylangit.
152
479104
2635
atau karya seni yang indah
yang mengisi langit malam.
08:03
At the very leastpaling sedikit, you'dAnda akan think
they'dmereka akan be revealingmengungkapkan theirmereka presencekehadiran,
153
483000
3129
Setidaknya, kau berpikir mereka
akan menampakkan diri,
08:06
deliberatelydengan sengaja or otherwisejika tidak,
154
486153
1330
dengan sengaja atau tidak,
08:07
throughmelalui electromagneticelektromagnetik signalssinyal
of one kindjenis or anotherlain.
155
487507
2953
melalui sejenis sinyal elektromagnetik
atau lainnya.
08:11
And yetnamun we see no convincingmeyakinkan
evidencebukti of any of it.
156
491271
2509
Tapi kita belum melihat
adanya bukti yang meyakinkan.
08:13
Why?
157
493804
1012
Mengapa?
08:16
Well, there are numerousbanyak sekali possiblemungkin answersjawaban,
some of them quitecukup darkgelap.
158
496000
4639
Ada banyak kemungkinan jawaban,
beberapa agak suram.
08:21
Maybe a singletunggal,
superintelligentsuper cerdas civilizationperadaban
159
501331
2645
Mungkin suatu
peradaban super-cerdas
08:24
has indeedmemang takendiambil over the galaxygalaksi
160
504000
3101
telah mengambil alih seluruh galaksi
08:27
and has imposeddikenakan strictketat radioradio silenceDiam
161
507125
2522
dan menggunakan gelombang diam
08:29
because it's paranoidparanoid
of any potentialpotensi competitorspesaing.
162
509671
2570
karena ketakutannya
akan pesaing potensial.
08:32
It's just sittingduduk there
readysiap to obliteratemelenyapkan
163
512926
2901
Ia hanya duduk bersiap
untuk melenyapkan
08:35
anything that becomesmenjadi a threatancaman.
164
515851
1717
apapun yang menjadi ancaman.
08:39
Or maybe they're not that intelligentcerdas,
165
519010
1966
Atau mungkin mereka tidak secerdas itu,
08:42
or perhapsmungkin the evolutionevolusi
of an intelligenceintelijen
166
522299
2652
atau mungkin evolusi
suatu kecerdasan
08:44
capablemampu of creatingmenciptakan
sophisticatedcanggih technologyteknologi
167
524975
2048
yang mampu menciptakan
teknologi canggih
08:47
is farjauh rarerjarang than we'vekita sudah assumeddiasumsikan.
168
527047
1970
lebih jarang dari perkiraan kita.
08:49
After all, it's only happenedterjadi oncesekali
on EarthBumi in fourempat billionmilyar yearstahun.
169
529041
4783
Lagipula, ini hanya terjadi di Bumi
sekali dalam empat miliar tahun.
08:53
Maybe even that was incrediblyluar biasa luckyberuntung.
170
533848
2128
Bahkan itu pun sangat beruntung.
08:56
Maybe we are the first
suchseperti itu civilizationperadaban in our galaxygalaksi.
171
536452
3127
Mungkin kita adalah peradaban pertama
di galaksi kita.
09:01
Or, perhapsmungkin civilizationperadaban carriesmembawa with it
the seedsbiji of its ownsendiri destructionpenghancuran
172
541042
5458
Atau mungkin peradabaan membawanya
bibit dari kehancurannya sendiri
09:06
throughmelalui the inabilityketidakmampuan to controlkontrol
the technologiesteknologi it createsmenciptakan.
173
546524
2858
lewat ketidakmampuan untuk mengontrol
teknologi yang ia ciptakan.
09:11
But there are numerousbanyak sekali
more hopefulpenuh harapan answersjawaban.
174
551478
2122
Namun ada banyak
jawaban penuh harapan.
09:13
For a startmulai, we're not looking that hardkeras,
175
553624
1997
Untuk permulaan, tidak serumit itu,
09:15
and we're spendingpengeluaran
a pitifulmenyedihkan amountjumlah of moneyuang on it.
176
555645
2381
dan kita menghabiskan
sejumlah uang padanya.
09:18
Only a tinymungil fractionpecahan
of the starsbintang in our galaxygalaksi
177
558547
3300
Hanya sebagian kecil bintang
di galaksi kita
09:21
have really been lookedtampak at closelyrapat
for signstanda-tanda of interestingmenarik signalssinyal.
178
561871
3191
yang memperhatikan tanda sinyal
yang menarik.
09:26
And perhapsmungkin we're not looking
the right way.
179
566144
2118
Dan mungkin kita tidak melihat
arah yang benar.
09:29
Maybe as civilizationsperadaban developmengembangkan,
180
569000
1976
Mungkin saat peradaban berkembang,
09:31
they quicklysegera discovermenemukan
communicationkomunikasi technologiesteknologi
181
571000
2286
mereka cepat menemukan
teknologi komunikasi
09:33
farjauh more sophisticatedcanggih and usefulberguna
than electromagneticelektromagnetik wavesombak.
182
573310
3666
jauh lebih canggih dan berguna
daripada gelombang elektromagnetik.
09:38
Maybe all the actiontindakan takes placetempat
insidedalam the mysteriousgaib
183
578183
3300
Mungkin semua tindakan terjadi
di dalam materi gelap misterius
09:41
recentlybaru saja discoveredditemukan darkgelap mattermasalah,
184
581507
2017
yang ditemukan baru-baru ini,
09:43
or darkgelap energyenergi, that appearmuncul to accountrekening
for mostpaling of the universe'salam semesta massmassa.
185
583548
3789
atau energi gelap, yang menjelaskan
sebagian besar massa semesta.
09:49
Or, maybe we're looking
at the wrongsalah scaleskala.
186
589348
2628
Atau, mungkin kita melihat
skala yang salah.
09:52
PerhapsMungkin intelligentcerdas
civilizationsperadaban come to realizemenyadari
187
592000
2976
Mungkin peradaban cerdas menyadari
09:55
that life is ultimatelyakhirnya
just complexkompleks patternspola of informationinformasi
188
595000
2810
bahwa hidup hanyalah
pola kompleks dari informasi
09:57
interactingberinteraksi with eachsetiap other
in a beautifulindah way,
189
597834
2204
yang saling berinteraksi dengan indah,
10:00
and that that can happenterjadi more
efficientlyefisien at a smallkecil scaleskala.
190
600062
2777
dan dapat terjadi lebih efisien
pada skala kecil.
10:03
So, just as on EarthBumi,
clunkykikuk stereostereo systemssistem have shrunkmenyusut
191
603379
2597
Seperti di Bumi,
sistem stereo kuno menyusut
10:06
to beautifulindah, tinymungil iPodsiPod,
maybe intelligentcerdas life itselfdiri,
192
606000
2976
menjadi iPod kecil dan bagus,
mungkin kecerdasan ada,
10:09
in ordermemesan to reducemengurangi its footprinttapak
on the environmentlingkungan Hidup,
193
609000
2724
untuk mengurangi jejaknya
di lingkungan,
10:11
has turnedberbalik itselfdiri microscopicmikroskopis.
194
611748
1943
telah mengubahnya menjadi kecil.
10:13
So the SolarSurya SystemSistem
mightmungkin be teemingpenuh with aliensalien,
195
613715
2309
Jadi mungkin Tata Surya
dikelilingi oleh alien,
10:16
and we're just not noticingmemperhatikan them.
196
616048
1605
kita hanya tak meyadarinya.
10:17
Maybe the very ideaside ide in our headskepala
are a formbentuk of alienasing life.
197
617677
2999
Mungkin ide di kepala kita itu
wujud kehidupan alien.
10:21
Well, okay, that's a crazygila thought.
198
621580
2670
Oke, itu pemikiran gila.
10:24
The aliensalien madeterbuat me say it.
199
624274
1325
Alien membuatku mengatakannya.
10:26
But it is coolkeren that ideaside ide do seemterlihat
to have a life all of theirmereka ownsendiri
200
626445
3778
Tapi keren jika ide itu terlihat
memiliki kehidupannya sendiri
10:30
and that they outlivehidup lebih lama theirmereka creatorspencipta.
201
630247
2471
dan mereka hidup lebih lama
dari penciptanya.
10:33
Maybe biologicalbiologis life
is just a passinglewat phasefase.
202
633724
3323
Mungkin kehidupan biologis
hanyalah fase sesaat.
10:39
Well, withindalam the nextberikutnya 15 yearstahun,
203
639459
1517
Dalam 15 tahun ke depan,
10:41
we could startmulai seeingmelihat
realnyata spectroscopicspektroskopi informationinformasi
204
641000
2976
kita bisa mulai melihat
informasi spektroskopis nyata
10:44
from promisingmenjanjikan nearbydekat planetsplanet
205
644000
1810
dari planet terdekat yang menjanjikan
10:45
that will revealmengungkapkan just
how life-friendlyramah hidup they mightmungkin be.
206
645834
2536
yang akan mengungkapkan
betapa ramahnya hidup mereka.
10:48
And meanwhilesementara itu, SETISETI, the SearchCari
for ExtraterrestrialLuar angkasa IntelligenceIntelijen,
207
648394
3582
Sementara itu, SETI, Pencarian
Kecerdasan Mahluk Luar Angkasa,
10:52
is now releasingmelepaskan its datadata to the publicpublik
208
652000
1976
kini merilis datanya untuk publik
10:54
so that millionsjutaan of citizenwarganegara scientistsilmuwan,
maybe includingtermasuk you,
209
654000
2976
sehingga jutaan ilmuwan,
mungkin termasuk kau,
10:57
can bringmembawa the powerkekuasaan of the crowdorang banyak
to joinikut the searchpencarian.
210
657000
2477
dapat mengajak orang banyak
untuk ikut mencari.
11:00
And here on EarthBumi, amazingmenakjubkan experimentspercobaan
211
660582
2014
Dan di Bumi, eksperimen hebat
11:02
are beingmakhluk doneselesai to try
to createmembuat life from scratchmenggaruk,
212
662620
2356
dilakukan untuk menciptakan
kehidupan dari nol,
11:05
life that mightmungkin be very differentberbeda
from the DNADNA formsformulir we know.
213
665000
3694
kehidupan yang mungkin berbeda
dari bentuk DNA yang kita kenal.
11:09
All of this will help us understandmemahami
whetherapakah the universealam semesta is teemingpenuh with life
214
669320
4656
Semuanya akan membantu kita memahami
apakah semesta dikelilingi kehidupan,
11:14
or whetherapakah, indeedmemang, it's just us.
215
674000
3828
ataukah, memang, hanyalah kita.
11:19
EitherBaik answermenjawab, in its ownsendiri way,
216
679823
2485
Jawaban manapun, dengan sendirinya,
11:22
is awe-inspiringmenakjubkan,
217
682332
1846
menakjubkan,
karena bahkan jika kita sendirian,
11:25
because even if we are alonesendirian,
218
685407
1569
11:27
the factfakta that we think and dreammimpi
and askmeminta these questionspertanyaan
219
687000
4531
fakta bahwa kita berpikir, bermimpi
dan menanyakan pertanyaan ini
11:31
mightmungkin yetnamun turnbelok out to be
220
691555
1592
mungkin berubah menjadi
11:33
one of the mostpaling importantpenting factsfakta
about the universealam semesta.
221
693171
2381
satu dari fakta terpenting
tentang semesta.
11:36
And I have one more piecebagian
of good newsberita for you.
222
696347
2734
Dan aku punya satu kabar baik
lagi untukmu.
11:39
The questQuest for knowledgepengetahuan
and understandingpengertian never getsmendapat dullmembosankan.
223
699105
2826
Pencarian pengetahuan dan pemahaman
takkan pernah tumpul.
11:41
It doesn't. It's actuallysebenarnya the oppositeseberang.
224
701955
2021
Tak akan. Justru sebaliknya.
11:44
The more you know,
the more amazingmenakjubkan the worlddunia seemsSepertinya.
225
704000
2976
Semakin banyak kau tahu,
dunia semakin terlihat menakjubkan.
11:47
And it's the crazygila possibilitieskemungkinan,
the unansweredbelum terjawab questionspertanyaan,
226
707758
3433
Inilah kemungkinan yang gila,
pertanyaan yang tak terjawab,
11:51
that pullTarik us forwardmeneruskan.
227
711215
1237
yang mendorong kita maju.
11:52
So staytinggal curiousingin tahu.
228
712476
2853
Jadi, tetaplah penasaran.
Translated by Muhammad Awaludin Noor
Reviewed by Ade Indarta

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com