TEDYouth 2015
Raymond Wang: How germs travel on planes -- and how we can stop them
Raymond Wang: Hvordan bakterier reiser med fly -- og hvordan vi kan stoppe dem
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1,821,024 views
Raymond Wang er bare 17 år, men han hjelper allerede til med å bygge en friskere fremtid. Ved å bruke fluiddynamikk har han laget en simulering av hvordan luften beveger seg på fly, og det han fant var urovekkende -- når en person nyser på et fly vil luftstrømmen faktisk hjelpe smittestoffer å nå andre passasjerer. Wang deler en uforglemmelig animasjon av hvordan et nys beveger seg inne i et fly, i tillegg til sin prisbelønte løsning; et lite finne-lignende apparat som øker frisk luftgjennomstrømning og fører smittestoffer ut av luft-sirkulasjonen.
Raymond Wang - Inventor
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Raymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Can I get a show of hands --
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Kan dere vise med hendene -
00:15
how many of you in this room
have been on a plane in this past year?
have been on a plane in this past year?
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Hvor mange av dere har
flydd det siste året?
flydd det siste året?
00:20
That's pretty good.
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Det er ganske bra.
00:21
Well, it turns out that you
share that experience
share that experience
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Vel, det viser seg at
du deler denne opplevelsen
du deler denne opplevelsen
00:24
with more than three billion
people every year.
people every year.
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med mer enn 3 milliarder mennesker hvert år
00:27
And when we put so many people
in all these metal tubes
in all these metal tubes
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Og når vi setter så mange mennesker
i alle disse metalltubene
i alle disse metalltubene
00:30
that fly all over the world,
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som flyr over hele verden
00:31
sometimes, things like this can happen
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noen ganger, kan ting som dette skje
00:34
and you get a disease epidemic.
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og du får en sykdomsepidemi.
00:37
I first actually got into this topic
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Jeg kom først over dette emnet
00:39
when I heard about the Ebola
outbreak last year.
outbreak last year.
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når jeg hørte om ebola-utbruddet i fjor.
00:41
And it turns out that,
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Det viser seg at
00:43
although Ebola spreads
through these more range-limited,
through these more range-limited,
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selv om ebola-spredningen
har begrenset rekkevidde
har begrenset rekkevidde
00:46
large-droplet routes,
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med stor-dråpe-ruter
00:47
there's all these other sorts of diseases
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så finnes det mange andre typer sykdommer
00:49
that can be spread in the airplane cabin.
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som kan spres i passasjerkabinen på flyet
00:51
The worst part is, when we take
a look at some of the numbers,
a look at some of the numbers,
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Når vi ser på tallene, viser det seg
00:54
it's pretty scary.
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å være ganske skummelt.
00:56
So with H1N1,
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Så med H1N1 (svineinfluensa)
00:57
there was this guy that decided
to go on the plane
to go on the plane
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så var det en mann som gikk på et fly
01:00
and in the matter of a single flight
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og i løpet av én enkelt flytur
01:02
actually spread the disease
to 17 other people.
to 17 other people.
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spredte sykdommen til 17 andre mennesker.
01:04
And then there was this
other guy with SARS,
other guy with SARS,
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Og så var det en annen mann som hadde SARS
01:06
who managed to go on a three-hour flight
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som kom seg på en 3-timers flytur
01:08
and spread the disease to 22 other people.
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og spredte sykdommen til 22 mennesker.
01:11
That's not exactly my idea
of a great superpower.
of a great superpower.
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Det er ikke akkurat min idé for en superkraft.
01:15
When we take a look at this,
what we also find
what we also find
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Når vi ser på dette, ser vi også at det er
01:18
is that it's very difficult
to pre-screen for these diseases.
to pre-screen for these diseases.
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veldig vanskelig å teste for disse
sykdommene før flyturen.
sykdommene før flyturen.
01:21
So when someone actually
goes on a plane,
goes on a plane,
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Så når noen går på et fly,
01:23
they could be sick
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så kan de være syke,
01:24
and they could actually
be in this latency period
be in this latency period
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og så kan de faktisk være
i denne latensperioden,
i denne latensperioden,
01:27
in which they could actually
have the disease
have the disease
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der de kan ha sykdommen
01:29
but not exhibit any symptoms,
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uten å vise symptomer,
01:31
and they could, in turn,
spread the disease
spread the disease
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og de kan spre sykdommen
01:33
to many other people in the cabin.
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til andre mennesker i flykabinen.
01:35
How that actually works is that right now
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Det fungerer ved at
01:37
we've got air coming in
from the top of the cabin
from the top of the cabin
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luft kommer inn fra toppen av kabinen
01:39
and from the side of the cabin,
as you see in blue.
as you see in blue.
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og fra siden av kabinen,
som du ser i blått.
som du ser i blått.
01:41
And then also, that air goes out
through these very efficient filters
through these very efficient filters
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Luften går ut gjennom svært effektive filtre,
01:46
that eliminate 99.97 percent
of pathogens near the outlets.
of pathogens near the outlets.
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som fjerner 99.97 prosent av patogener.
01:51
What happens right now, though,
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Det som skjer er at vi har
01:52
is that we have this
mixing airflow pattern.
mixing airflow pattern.
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denne blandede luftstrømmen.
01:55
So if someone were to actually sneeze,
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Så hvis noen nyser,
01:56
that air would get swirled
around multiple times
around multiple times
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blir luften virvlet rundt flere ganger
01:59
before it even has a chance
to go out through the filter.
to go out through the filter.
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før den i det hele tatt har en sjanse
til å gå ut gjennom filteret
til å gå ut gjennom filteret
02:03
So I thought: clearly, this
is a pretty serious problem.
is a pretty serious problem.
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Så jeg tenkte: dette er
tydeligvis et seriøst problem.
tydeligvis et seriøst problem.
02:07
I didn't have the money
to go out and buy a plane,
to go out and buy a plane,
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Jeg hadde ikke penger
til å gå ut og kjøpe meg et fly,
til å gå ut og kjøpe meg et fly,
02:10
so I decided to build a computer instead.
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så jeg bestemte meg
for å bygge en datamaskin.
for å bygge en datamaskin.
02:13
It actually turns out that
with computational fluid dynamics,
with computational fluid dynamics,
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det viser seg at med
databeregnet væskedynamikk,
databeregnet væskedynamikk,
02:16
what we're able to do
is create these simulations
is create these simulations
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så kan vi skape simulasjoner
02:18
that give us higher resolutions
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som gir oss høyere oppløsninger
02:20
than actually physically going
in and taking readings in the plane.
in and taking readings in the plane.
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enn å faktisk gå inn i flyet og måle der.
02:24
And so how, essentially, this works
is you would start out
is you would start out
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Og så, egentlig, er dette hvordan du vil starte:
02:27
with these 2D drawings --
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med disse 2D-tegningene
02:29
these are floating around
in technical papers around the Internet.
in technical papers around the Internet.
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som flyter rundt i tekniske
papirer på internett.
papirer på internett.
02:32
I take that and then I put it
into this 3D-modeling software,
into this 3D-modeling software,
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Jeg tar dette og setter det i denne
3D-modelleringsprogramvaren
3D-modelleringsprogramvaren
02:35
really building that 3D model.
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for å virkelig bygge en 3D-modell.
02:37
And then I divide that model
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
that I just built into these tiny pieces,
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Og så deler jeg denne
modellen i kjempesmå biter,
modellen i kjempesmå biter,
02:41
essentially meshing it so that
the computer can better understand it.
the computer can better understand it.
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slik at datamaskinen kan forstå det bedre.
02:45
And then I tell the computer where
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
the air goes in and out of the cabin,
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Så forteller jeg datamaskinen hvor luften
går inn og ut av kabinen,
går inn og ut av kabinen,
02:49
throw in a bunch of physics
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kaster inn en del fysikk
02:50
and basically sit there and wait until
the computer calculates the simulation.
the computer calculates the simulation.
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og sitter der og venter til datamaskinen
er ferdig med å regne ut.
er ferdig med å regne ut.
02:56
So what we get, actually,
with the conventional cabin is this:
with the conventional cabin is this:
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Det vi får ut, med den
vanlige kabinen, er dette:
vanlige kabinen, er dette:
02:59
you'll notice the middle person sneezing,
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du ser at personen i midten nyser,
03:02
and we go "Splat!" -- it goes
right into people's faces.
right into people's faces.
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og så "Splat!" - går det rett inn i
ansiktene på andre mennesker.
ansiktene på andre mennesker.
03:06
It's pretty disgusting.
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Det er ganske ekkelt.
03:08
From the front, you'll notice
those two passengers
those two passengers
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Forfra, ser du disse to passasjerene
03:11
sitting next to the central passenger
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som sitter ved siden av den i midten.
03:12
not exactly having a great time.
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De har det ikke så gøy.
03:14
And when we take a look
at that from the side,
at that from the side,
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Og når vi ser på dette fra siden,
03:16
you'll also notice those pathogens
spreading across the length of the cabin.
spreading across the length of the cabin.
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ser du også disse patogenene
som sprer seg langs kabinen.
som sprer seg langs kabinen.
03:22
The first thing I thought was,
"This is no good."
"This is no good."
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Jeg tenkte: "dette er ikke bra".
03:24
So I actually conducted
more than 32 different simulations
more than 32 different simulations
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Så jeg utførte mer enn
32 forskjellige simulasjoner,
32 forskjellige simulasjoner,
03:27
and ultimately, I came up
with this solution right here.
with this solution right here.
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og fant til slutt denne løsningen.
03:31
This is what I call a -- patent pending --
Global Inlet Director.
Global Inlet Director.
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Dette kaller jeg en Global
Inlet Director (i påvente av patent).
Inlet Director (i påvente av patent).
03:34
With this, we're able to reduce
pathogen transmission
pathogen transmission
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Med dette, kan vi
redusere patogenoverføring
redusere patogenoverføring
03:37
by about 55 times,
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omtrent 55 ganger,
03:39
and increase fresh-air inhalation
by about 190 percent.
by about 190 percent.
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og øke ferskluftinhalering
med omtrent 190 prosent.
med omtrent 190 prosent.
03:42
So how this actually works
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Dette fungerer på den måten at
03:44
is we would install this piece
of composite material
of composite material
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vi vil installere dette
komposittmaterialet
komposittmaterialet
03:47
into these existing spots
that are already in the plane.
that are already in the plane.
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inn i disse stedene som allerede finnes på flyet.
03:50
So it's very cost-effective to install
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Det er veldig kostnadseffektivt
03:52
and we can do this directly overnight.
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og det kan installeres over natten.
03:54
All we have to do is put a couple
of screws in there and you're good to go.
of screws in there and you're good to go.
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Det eneste vi må gjøre er å
sette inn et par skruer her.
sette inn et par skruer her.
03:57
And the results that we get
are absolutely amazing.
are absolutely amazing.
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Og resultatene vi får er helt utrolige.
04:00
Instead of having those problematic
swirling airflow patterns,
swirling airflow patterns,
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I stedet for å ha disse
problematiske virvlende luftstrømmene,
problematiske virvlende luftstrømmene,
04:04
we can create these walls of air
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så kan vi skape vegger av luft
04:05
that come down in-between the passengers
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som kommer ned imellom passasjerene
04:08
to create personalized breathing zones.
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for å skape egne pustesoner.
04:09
So you'll notice the middle passenger
here is sneezing again,
here is sneezing again,
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Nå ser du at passasjeren i midten nyser igjen,
04:12
but this time, we're able
to effectively push that down
to effectively push that down
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men denne gangen klarer vi å skyve det ned
04:15
to the filters for elimination.
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til filtrene for at
patogenene skal elimineres
patogenene skal elimineres
04:18
And same thing from the side,
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Og det samme fra siden,
04:19
you'll notice we're able to directly
push those pathogens down.
push those pathogens down.
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vi klarer å skyve patogenene ned.
04:23
So if you take a look again now
at the same scenario
at the same scenario
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Så hvis tar en titt på samme scenarioet
04:27
but with this innovation installed,
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men med denne
innovasjonen installert,
innovasjonen installert,
04:28
you'll notice the middle
passenger sneezes,
passenger sneezes,
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så ser du at midtpassasjeren nyser,
04:30
and this time, we're pushing
that straight down into the outlet
that straight down into the outlet
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og denne gangen skyver
vi det rett ned i uttaket
vi det rett ned i uttaket
04:34
before it gets a chance
to infect any other people.
to infect any other people.
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før den får sjans til å infisere noen andre.
04:37
So you'll notice the two passengers
sitting next to the middle guy
sitting next to the middle guy
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Du ser at passasjerene som sitter
ved siden av mannen i midten
ved siden av mannen i midten
04:40
are breathing virtually
no pathogens at all.
no pathogens at all.
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puster inn nesten ingen patogener.
04:43
Take a look at that from the side as well,
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Sett fra siden også,
04:45
you see a very efficient system.
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så ser du et effektivt system.
04:47
And in short, with this system, we win.
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Kort sagt, vinner vi med dette systemet.
04:51
When we take a look at what this means,
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Når vi ser på hva dette betyr,
04:54
what we see is that this not only works
if the middle passenger sneezes,
if the middle passenger sneezes,
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ser vi at dette funker -
ikke bare når midtpassasjeren nyser,
ikke bare når midtpassasjeren nyser,
04:57
but also if the window-seat
passenger sneezes
passenger sneezes
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men også om passasjeren
ved vindussetet nyser
ved vindussetet nyser
05:00
or if the aisle-seat passenger sneezes.
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eller om passasjeren ved gangen nyser.
05:03
And so with this solution, what does
this mean for the world?
this mean for the world?
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Hva betyr denne løsningen for verden?
05:06
Well, when we take a look at this
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Vel, når vi ser på dette
05:09
from the computer simulation
into real life,
into real life,
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fra datasimuleringene til det virkelige liv,
05:12
we can see with this 3D model
that I built over here,
that I built over here,
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ser vi med denne
3D-modellen som jeg har bygget,
3D-modellen som jeg har bygget,
05:15
essentially using 3D printing,
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ved bruk av en 3D-printer,
05:17
we can see those same
airflow patterns coming down,
airflow patterns coming down,
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så kan vi se luftstrømmene som kommer ned,
05:20
right to the passengers.
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rett til passasjerene.
05:22
In the past, the SARS epidemic
actually cost the world
actually cost the world
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SARS-epidemien kostet verden
05:26
about 40 billion dollars.
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rundt 40 milliarder amerikanske dollar.
05:27
And in the future,
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Og i fremtiden,
05:29
a big disease outbreak
could actually cost the world
could actually cost the world
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så kan et stort sykdomsutbrudd koste verden
05:31
in excess of three trillion dollars.
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over 3 trillioner dollar.
05:33
So before, it used to be that you had
to take an airplane out of service
to take an airplane out of service
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Før, måtte man ta et fly ut av drift
05:37
for one to two months,
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i en eller to måneder,
05:39
spend tens of thousands of man hours
and several million dollars
and several million dollars
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bruke titusener mennesketimer
og flere millioner dollar
og flere millioner dollar
05:42
to try to change something.
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for å prøve å endre noe.
05:44
But now, we're able to install
something essentially overnight
something essentially overnight
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Men nå klarer vi
essensielt å installere over natten
essensielt å installere over natten
05:47
and see results right away.
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og se resultater med en gang.
05:49
So it's really now a matter of taking
this through to certification,
this through to certification,
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Så nå handler det om å ta
dette gjennom til sertifisering,
dette gjennom til sertifisering,
05:52
flight testing,
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flytesting,
05:54
and going through all of these
regulatory approvals processes.
regulatory approvals processes.
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og gå gjennom alle disse
regulatoriske godkjenningene.
regulatoriske godkjenningene.
05:57
But it just really goes to show
that sometimes the best solutions
that sometimes the best solutions
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Men dette viser virkelig at
noen ganger er de beste løsningene
noen ganger er de beste løsningene
06:00
are the simplest solutions.
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de enkleste løsningene.
06:01
And two years ago, even,
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Og selv for to år siden
06:05
this project would not have happened,
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kunne ikke dette prosjektet funnet sted,
06:06
just because the technology then
wouldn't have supported it.
wouldn't have supported it.
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fordi teknologien ikke ville støttet den.
06:09
But now with advanced computing
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Men nå med avansert datateknologi
06:12
and how developed our Internet is,
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og hvor utviklet internett er,
06:14
it's really the golden era for innovation.
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er det virkelig en
gyllen æra for innovasjon.
gyllen æra for innovasjon.
06:17
And so the question I ask all
of you today is: why wait?
of you today is: why wait?
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Og spørsmålet jeg stiller
dere alle i dag er: hvorfor vente?
dere alle i dag er: hvorfor vente?
06:20
Together, we can build the future today.
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Sammen, kan vi bygge fremtiden i dag.
06:23
Thanks.
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Takk.
06:24
(Applause)
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(Applaus).
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Raymond Wang - InventorRaymond Wang won the top prize in the 2015 Intel Science and Engineering Fair for his invention that circulates fresh air on planes and reduces transmission of germs between passengers.
Why you should listen
Raymond Wang is a Canadian youth innovator who is passionate about science, technology, engineering and entrepreneurship. He is one of Canada's Top 20 Under 20, and most recently, the recipient of the Gordon E. Moore award for the Top Project at the 2015 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF).
Raymond enjoys exploring STEM and promoting global sustainability. His latest engineering innovations, including his work with aircraft cabin airflow and his inventions of the “Weather Harvester,” “Smart Knee Assistant” and "Smart Bin,” have achieved international recognition.
Raymond is enthusiastic about inspiring others to pursue STEM opportunities. He actively reaches out to the local community through camps & associations, in addition to communities around the world through YouTube & Modern Media.
Having a strong passion for sustainability, Raymond has founded Sustainable Youth Canada, a youth-led non-profit organization dedicated to empowering young people in Affiliated Regions established from coast to coast to be leaders in tackling issues with environmental and energy sustainability.
In his spare time, Raymond enjoys exploring music as both a National Youth Band clarinetist and an avid pianist. He is also a keen director of films and videos; many of his productions have been recognized at local film festivals.
Raymond envisions himself pursuing a career in science, applying research and innovation with a business approach to do his part in bettering the world.
Raymond Wang | Speaker | TED.com