ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Duarte Geraldino - Journalist
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation.

Why you should listen

Duarte Geraldino is an American journalist who travels the country documenting how culture is being changed and challenged by shifting demographics, business and technology. He leads a team of skilled journalists who produce multimedia reports and short films that have been distributed around the world through national and global news networks. He is currently working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation called Hear Our Stories Now

He is currently a special correspondent for PBS NewsHour. At the NewsHour, he reports and writes long-form television stories about business trends like the housing crisis that is gripping many American cities and developments in labor laws that some see as choking middle and low-income workers.

In 2017, one of Geraldino's short documentaries, Ordered Out, was screened in New York's Times Square as part of the Dominican Film Festival New York. It explores the impact of American identity and immigration and tells the story of a family being torn apart by US laws. In the same year, he was selected as a TED Resident. During his residency at TED's global headquarters, he started developing a digital journalism project to document the lives of US citizens who have lost people to deportation.

Previously, Geraldino worked as a National Correspondent for Al Jazeera America and as a local news reporter in New York, Ohio, Texas and Maryland.

More profile about the speaker
Duarte Geraldino | Speaker | TED.com
TED Residency

Duarte Geraldino: What we're missing in the debate about immigration

Duarte Geraldino: Do que estamos nos esquecendo no debate sobre imigração

Filmed:
1,170,030 views

Entre 2008 e 2016, os Estados Unidos deportaram mais de 3 milhões de pessoas. Mas o que acontece com aqueles que ficam para trás? O jornalista Duarte Geraldino retoma a história da deportação do ponto em que o Estado a deixou. Saiba mais sobre o enorme impacto da "remoção decretada" de imigrantes e assista Geraldino explicar como a repentina ausência de uma mãe, de um dono de um negócio local ou de um colega de escola repercute e causa estrago nos relacionamentos que mantêm as comunidades unidas.
- Journalist
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

Minha mãe estava tentando
me explicar alguma coisa
00:13
So, Ma was trying to explain
something to me
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00:15
about Grandma and when they grew up,
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sobre sua infância, sobre a vovó,
mas eu não conseguia prestar atenção,
00:17
but I couldn't pay attention to her
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porque tinha só cinco anos
e estava paralisado.
00:19
because I was five years old,
and I was petrified.
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00:21
I had just seen The Green Lady.
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Tinha acabado de ver "A Dama de Verde".
00:24
Now, about a week earlier,
I'd watched that movie "Godzilla,"
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Uma semana antes, eu tinha
assistido ao filme "Godzilla",
00:27
the one about that huge lizard-like beast
storming a major city,
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uma criatura-lagarto enorme
aterrorizando uma cidade grande,
00:31
and the thought of a green monster
coming for me was stuck in my mind.
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e a imagem de um monstro verde
vindo me pegar não saía da minha cabeça.
00:35
And yet there I was,
at the tip of Lower Manhattan with my mom,
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Mesmo assim, lá estava eu
no Baixo Manhattan com minha mãe,
00:39
just staring at her:
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encarando aquela dama:
00:40
her horns,
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seus chifres,
00:42
her muscles --
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seus músculos,
00:43
all of it just frightened me.
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muito assustador pra mim.
00:44
And I didn't know
whether she was a monster or a hero.
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E eu não sabia se ela era
um monstro ou uma heroína.
00:49
So I decided to consult
the Google of the day --
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Assim, um dia decidi consultar o Google,
00:52
"Ma! Ma!"
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"Mãe! Mãe!"
00:53
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
00:55
My mother explained that The Green Lady
is actually the Statue of Liberty
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Minha mãe explicou que A Dama de Verde
era na verdade a Estátua da Liberdade,
01:00
and that she was waving immigrants in.
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e que estava dando
boas-vindas aos imigrantes.
01:02
Now, the part of her explanation
that really messed with my young head
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A parte da explicação que realmente
mexeu com minha cabeça de criança
01:06
was the fact that, according to Ma,
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foi o fato de que, segundo minha mãe,
bem antes de nós,
01:09
long before us,
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01:11
The Green Lady was actually brown,
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A Dama de Verde era na verdade marrom,
01:15
brown like me,
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marrom como eu,
01:16
and that she changed
colors over the years,
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e que sua cor foi mudando
ao longo do tempo,
assim como os Estados Unidos.
01:19
much like America.
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01:21
Now, the part that really
is intriguing about this
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Bem, a parte realmente intrigante
01:26
is that when she changed colors,
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foi que sua mudança de cor
me fez pensar sobre mim mesmo.
01:28
she made me think about myself.
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Fazia todo sentido pra mim, pois,
como primeira geração nascida nos EUA,
01:30
It all made sense to me,
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01:31
because as a first-generation American,
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eu vivia cercado por imigrantes.
01:33
I was surrounded by immigrants.
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01:35
In fact, within my immediate social circle
of the people who support me,
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De fato, dentro de meu círculo social
próximo, de pessoas que me apoiavam,
01:39
who enrich my life,
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que enriqueciam minha vida,
pelo menos duas nasceram no exterior.
01:40
at least two are foreign-born.
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Minha vida como cidadão
norte-americano, de muitas formas,
01:43
My life as a US citizen is in many ways
shaped by newcomers,
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foi forjada por forasteiros,
e aposto que a de vocês também.
01:46
and chances are,
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01:48
so is yours.
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01:49
There are more than 40 million
immigrants in the USA.
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Existem mais de 40 milhões
de imigrantes nos Estados Unidos.
01:53
According to census data,
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Segundo dados do censo,
01:54
a quarter of the nation's children
have at least one foreign-born parent.
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um quarto das crianças da nação
tem pelo menos um parente estrangeiro.
01:59
I know all these statistics
because I study global migration patterns.
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Conheço todas essas estatísticas
porque estudo padrões de migração global.
02:04
I'm a journalist,
and for the last few years,
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Sou jornalista e, nos últimos anos,
02:06
I've been documenting
the lives of US citizens
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tenho documentado a vida
de norte-americanos
02:09
who've lost people to deportation.
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que perderam pessoas para a deportação.
02:11
And the numbers are enormous.
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E os números são enormes.
02:14
From 2008 to 2016,
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De 2008 a 2016,
02:16
more than three million people
were "ordered removed" --
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mais de 3 milhões de pessoas
tiveram sua "remoção decretada",
02:19
that's the technical term
for being deported.
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que é o termo técnico para deportado.
02:23
There is an economic, a political,
a psychological and an emotional cost
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Há um custo econômico,
político, psicológico e emocional
02:28
to those deportations --
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nessas deportações,
02:30
the moments when these circles are broken.
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pois são momentos em que
esses círculos são quebrados.
Uma vez perguntei
a uma soldada americana:
02:33
I once asked a US soldier,
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02:35
"Why did you volunteer to fight this war?"
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"Por que você decidiu lutar nessa guerra?"
02:37
And she told me,
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E ela disse: "Porque tenho
orgulho de defender meu país".
02:39
"Because I'm proud to defend my country."
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Mas quis saber mais:
02:41
But I pressed to know --
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02:42
"Really, when you're on base,
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"Sério, quando você está lutando
02:44
and you hear bombs
exploding in the distance,
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e ouve bombas explodindo a distância,
02:46
and you see soldiers coming back
who are gravely injured,
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e vê soldados voltando gravemente feridos,
02:50
in that moment,
when you know you could be next,
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naquele momento, sabendo
que pode ser a próxima,
02:54
what does 'my country' mean?"
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o que significa 'meu país?"
02:56
She looked at me.
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Ela olhou pra mim:
02:58
"My country is my wife,
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"Meu país é minha esposa,
03:00
my family,
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minha família,
03:01
my friends, my soldiers."
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meus amigos, meus soldados".
03:03
What she was telling me
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O que ela estava dizendo
03:04
is that "my country" is a collection
of these strong relationships;
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é que "meu país" é o conjunto
desses relacionamentos fortes;
03:08
these social circles.
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desses círculos sociais.
03:10
When the social circles are weakened,
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Quando os círculos sociais
ficam enfraquecidos,
03:12
a country itself is weaker.
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o próprio país fica enfraquecido.
03:15
We're missing a crucial aspect
in the debate about immigration policy.
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Estamos nos esquecendo de um aspecto
crucial no debate sobre a imigração.
03:18
Rather than focusing on individuals,
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Em vez de focar os indivíduos,
03:20
we should focus
on the circles around them,
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deveríamos focar os círculos
que os cercam,
03:23
because these are the people
who are left behind:
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porque são essas pessoas
que ficam para trás:
03:26
the voters, the taxpayers,
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os eleitores, os contribuintes,
03:28
the ones who are suffering that loss.
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os que sofrem essa perda.
03:31
And it's not just the children
of the deported
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E não são apenas os filhos
dos deportados que são impactados.
03:33
who are impacted.
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03:34
You have brothers and sisters
who are separated by borders.
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Existem irmãos e irmãs
separados pela fronteira.
03:37
You have classmates, teachers,
law enforcement officers,
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Existem colegas de escola,
professores, policiais,
03:40
technologists, scientists, doctors,
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tecnólogos, cientistas, médicos,
03:42
who are all scrambling
to make sense of new realities
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que estão lutando para lidar
com uma nova realidade
03:46
when their social circles are broken.
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quando seus círculos sociais
foram quebrados.
03:49
These are the real lives
behind all these statistics
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Essas são as vidas reais
por trás dessas estatísticas
03:53
that dominate discussions
about immigration policy.
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que dominam discussões
sobre política imigratória.
03:56
But we don't often think about them.
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Mas não pensamos muito nelas.
03:58
And I'm trying to change that.
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E estou tentando mudar isso.
03:59
Here's just one of the real-life stories
that I've collected.
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Eis aqui uma das histórias
reais que recolhi.
04:04
And it still haunts me.
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E ela ainda me assombra.
04:06
I met Ramon and his son in 2016,
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Conheci Ramon e seu filho em 2016,
04:10
the same year both of them
were being ordered out of the country.
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no mesmo ano em que ambos
estavam sendo mandados para fora do país.
04:14
Ramon was being deported to Latin America,
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Ramon estava sendo deportado
para a América Latina,
04:18
while his son, who was a sergeant
in the US military,
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enquanto seu filho, que era
sargento do exército norte-americano,
04:21
was being deployed.
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estava sendo convocado para a guerra.
04:24
Deported ...
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Deportado...
04:26
deployed.
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convocado.
04:28
If you just look at Ramon's case,
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Se olharmos o caso do Ramon,
04:31
it wouldn't be clear how deeply
connected to the country he is.
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não fica clara a profundidade
de sua ligação com o país.
04:35
But consider his son:
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Mas pensem no filho:
04:37
a US citizen defending a country
that's banished his father.
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um cidadão norte-americano
defendendo um país que baniu seu pai.
04:41
The social circle is what's key here.
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O segredo aqui é o círculo social.
04:43
Here's another example
that illustrates those critical bonds.
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Eis outro exemplo
que ilustra esses laços cruciais.
04:47
A group of citizens in Philadelphia
were concerned about their jobs,
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Um grupo de cidadãos na Filadélfia
estava preocupado com seu emprego,
04:50
because the legal owner
of the restaurant where they worked
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porque o proprietário do restaurante
onde eles trabalhavam
04:53
was an undocumented immigrant,
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era um imigrante indocumentado,
04:55
and immigration officials
had picked him up.
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e os agentes da imigração o pegaram.
04:58
They rallied behind him.
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Eles fizeram passeata.
04:59
An immigration lawyer argued
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Um advogado argumentou
que ele era importante demais
05:01
he was too important
to the local community
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para a comunidade local
para ser deportado.
05:03
to be deported.
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05:04
At the hearing, they even submitted
restaurant reviews --
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E, na audiência, chegaram
a mostrar avaliações do restaurante,
05:08
restaurant reviews!
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avaliações do restaurante!
05:10
In the end, a judge exercised
what's called "judicial discretion"
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No final, o juiz exerceu
o chamado "poder discricionário"
e permitiu sua permanência no país,
05:15
and allowed him to stay in the country,
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mas apenas porque levou
em conta o círculo social.
05:17
but only because they considered
the social circle.
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05:21
There are 23 million
noncitizens in the USA,
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Há 23 milhões de não cidadãos nos EUA,
05:26
according to verifiable federal data.
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de acordo com dados federais confiáveis.
05:28
And that doesn't include the undocumented,
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E isso não inclui os indocumentados,
05:30
because numbers for that population
are at best complex estimates.
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porque os números dessa população
são estimativas complexas.
05:34
Let's just work with what we have.
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Vamos então trabalhar com o que temos.
05:36
That's 23 million social circles --
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São 23 milhões de círculos sociais,
05:39
about 100 million individuals
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cerca de 100 milhões de indivíduos
05:42
whose lives could be impacted
by deportation.
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cujas vidas podem ser
impactadas pela deportação.
05:45
And the stress of it all is trickling down
through the population.
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E o estresse disso tudo está
se infiltrando pela população.
Uma pesquisa feita com moradores
de Los Angeles pela UCLA, em 2017,
05:49
A 2017 poll by UCLA of LA County residents
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05:52
found that 30 percent
of citizens in LA County
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descobriu que 30% deles
estão estressados com a deportação,
05:56
are stressed about deportation,
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05:59
not because they themselves
could be removed,
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não porque eles próprios
possam ser removidos,
06:02
but rather, because members
of their social circle were at risk.
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mas porque membros
do seu círculo social correm esse risco.
06:07
I am not suggesting that no one
should ever be deported;
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Não estou sugerindo
que ninguém seja deportado,
06:10
don't confuse me with that.
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não me entendam mal.
06:12
But what I am saying is that we need
to look at the bigger picture.
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Mas o que estou dizendo
é que precisamos olhar o contexto todo.
06:17
If you are within the sound of my voice,
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Se estão ouvindo minha voz,
06:20
I want you to close your eyes for a moment
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quero que fechem os olhos por um momento
06:22
and examine your own social circle.
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e examinem seu próprio círculo social.
06:25
Who are your foreign-born?
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Quem aqui nasceu no exterior?
06:28
What would it feel like
if the circle were broken?
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Como se sentiriam se seu círculo
social fosse quebrado?
06:32
Share your story.
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Compartilhe sua história.
Estou construindo um arquivo global
de depoimentos pessoais
06:34
I'm building a global archive
of first-person accounts
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06:37
and linking them with mapping technology,
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e conectando-os à tecnologia
do mapeamento,
06:39
so that we can see exactly
where these circles break,
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de modo que possamos ver exatamente
onde esses círculos se quebram,
06:43
because this is not
just an American issue.
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porque esse não é um problema só dos EUA.
06:46
There are a quarter-billion migrants
around the world;
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Existem 250 milhões de migrantes no mundo;
06:50
people living, loving and learning
in countries where they were not born.
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pessoas vivendo, amando e estudando
em países onde não nasceram.
E, em minha carreira, em minha vida,
tenho sido um deles:
06:54
And in my career, in my life,
I've been one of them:
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06:56
in China, in Africa, in Europe.
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2982
na China, na África, na Europa.
06:59
And each time I become
one of these foreigners --
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3150
E cada vez que me torno
um desses "estrangeiros",
07:02
one of these strange-looking
guys in a new land --
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um desses caras estranhos num lugar novo,
07:06
I can't help but think back to that day
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1969
não posso deixar de pensar naquele dia
07:08
when I was in Lower Manhattan with my mom
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2356
quando estava no Baixo
Manhattan com minha mãe
07:10
all those decades ago,
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1904
tantas décadas atrás,
07:12
when I was scared,
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assustado
07:14
and I had just spotted that green lady.
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e tendo acabado de ver
aquela dama de verde.
07:17
And I guess the question
that I keep on thinking about
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E acho que a questão sobre a qual
continuo pensando quando a vejo,
07:21
when I see her
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07:23
and all the younger replicas of her
that are so obviously brown,
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4260
e todas as réplicas recentes dela
que são obviamente marrons,
07:27
and even the paintings
that showcase her in the beginning
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mesmo as pinturas
que a retratam no início,
07:30
as not quite green --
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2106
não tão verdes assim...
07:33
when I look at all of that,
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quando olho pra tudo isso,
07:36
the question that my research
seeks to answer
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a questão que minha pesquisa
tenta responder
07:39
becomes, to me, the same one
that confounded me all those years ago:
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4297
se torna, para mim, a mesma
que me confundiu todos aqueles anos:
07:44
Is she a monster
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será que ela é um monstro
07:47
or a hero?
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ou uma heroína?
07:49
Thank you.
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Obrigado.
07:50
(Applause)
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(Aplausos) (Vivas)
Translated by Raissa Mendes
Reviewed by Leonardo Silva

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Duarte Geraldino - Journalist
Duarte Geraldino is working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation.

Why you should listen

Duarte Geraldino is an American journalist who travels the country documenting how culture is being changed and challenged by shifting demographics, business and technology. He leads a team of skilled journalists who produce multimedia reports and short films that have been distributed around the world through national and global news networks. He is currently working on a multi-year project that chronicles the lives of citizens who lose people to deportation called Hear Our Stories Now

He is currently a special correspondent for PBS NewsHour. At the NewsHour, he reports and writes long-form television stories about business trends like the housing crisis that is gripping many American cities and developments in labor laws that some see as choking middle and low-income workers.

In 2017, one of Geraldino's short documentaries, Ordered Out, was screened in New York's Times Square as part of the Dominican Film Festival New York. It explores the impact of American identity and immigration and tells the story of a family being torn apart by US laws. In the same year, he was selected as a TED Resident. During his residency at TED's global headquarters, he started developing a digital journalism project to document the lives of US citizens who have lost people to deportation.

Previously, Geraldino worked as a National Correspondent for Al Jazeera America and as a local news reporter in New York, Ohio, Texas and Maryland.

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Duarte Geraldino | Speaker | TED.com