ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jonathan Drori - Educator
Jonathan Drori commissioned the BBC's very first websites, one highlight in a long career devoted to online culture and educational media -- and understanding how we learn.

Why you should listen

Jonathan Drori has dedicated his career to media and learning. As the Head of Commissioning for BBC Online, he led the effort to create bbc.co.uk, the online face of the BBC (an effort he recalls fondly). He came to the web from the TV side of the BBC, where as an editor and producer he headed up dozens of television series on science, education and the arts.

After almost two decades at the BBC, he's now a director at Changing Media Ltd., a media and education consultancy, and is a visiting professor at University of Bristol, where he studies educational media and misperceptions in science. He continues to executive produce the occasional TV series, including 2004's award-winning "The DNA Story" and 2009's "Great Sperm Race." He is on the boards of the Royal Botanic Gardens and the Woodland Trust.

(Photo: Lloyd Davis/flickr)

More profile about the speaker
Jonathan Drori | Speaker | TED.com
TED2007

Jonathan Drori: What we think we know

Jonathan Drori fala sobre o que pensamos que sabemos

Filmed:
1,142,222 views

Começando por quatro perguntas simples (que talvez você se surpreenda por não saber responder), Jonathan Drori examina as lacunas no nosso conhecimento, especificamente em relação à ciência.
- Educator
Jonathan Drori commissioned the BBC's very first websites, one highlight in a long career devoted to online culture and educational media -- and understanding how we learn. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
I'm going to try and explain why it is that perhaps
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Vou tentar explicar por que, talvez,
00:22
we don't understand as much as we think we do.
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não entendamos tanto quanto pensamos.
00:24
I'd like to begin with four questions.
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Vou começar com 4 perguntas,
00:27
This is not some sort of cultural thing for the time of year.
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e não se trata de uma referência britânica.
00:30
That's an in-joke, by the way.
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Aliás, isso foi uma piada interna.
00:32
But these four questions, actually,
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Na verdade, essas 4 perguntas
00:35
are ones that people who even know quite a lot about science find quite hard.
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são consideradas difíceis até por quem entende de ciência.
00:38
And they're questions that I've asked of science television producers,
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Já as fiz a produtores de programas de TV sobre ciências,
00:43
of audiences of science educators --
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ao público de licenciatura em ciências,
00:46
so that's science teachers -- and also of seven-year-olds,
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ou seja, professores, e a crianças de 7 anos.
00:50
and I find that the seven-year-olds do marginally better
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Notei que as crianças se saíram um pouco melhor
00:53
than the other audiences, which is somewhat surprising.
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que os demais, o que é surpreendente.
00:55
So the first question, and you might want to write this down,
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A primeira pergunta, e talvez queiram tomar nota
00:58
either on a bit of paper, physically, or a virtual piece of paper
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em uma folha de papel real ou em um papel virtual,
01:02
in your head. And, for viewers at home, you can try this as well.
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na sua cabeça, e o mesmo para quem está vendo em casa.
01:05
A little seed weighs next to nothing and a tree weighs a lot, right?
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Uma sementinha não pesa quase nada e uma árvore pesa muito, certo?
01:10
I think we agree on that. Where does the tree get the stuff that makes up this chair,
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Todos concordam. De onde a árvore tira o material que resulta nesta cadeira?
01:16
right? Where does all this stuff come from?
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De onde vem tudo isto?
01:19
(Knocks)
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(Batidas)
01:20
And your next question is, can you light a little torch-bulb
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A próxima pergunta: é possível acender uma lâmpada pequena
01:26
with a battery, a bulb and one piece of wire?
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com uma pilha, uma lâmpada e um pedaço de fio?
01:31
And would you be able to, kind of, draw a -- you don't have to draw
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Saberiam desenhar -- não precisam desenhar --
01:33
the diagram, but would you be able to draw the diagram,
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um diagrama? Saberiam desenhá-lo
01:35
if you had to do it? Or would you just say,
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se fosse preciso, ou diriam
01:37
that's actually not possible?
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que não é possível?
01:40
The third question is, why is it hotter in summer than in winter?
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A terceira pergunta: por que o verão é mais quente que o inverno?
01:44
I think we can probably agree that it is hotter in summer than in winter,
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Acho que concordamos que o verão é mais quente que o inverno,
01:49
but why? And finally, would you be able to --
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mas por quê? Finalmente, vocês saberiam --
01:55
and you can sort of scribble it, if you like --
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e podem fazer um esboço --
01:57
scribble a plan diagram of the solar system,
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rascunhar um diagrama do sistema solar,
02:00
showing the shape of the planets' orbits?
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com o formato das órbitas planetárias?
02:04
Would you be able to do that?
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Saberiam fazer isso?
02:05
And if you can, just scribble a pattern.
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Se souberem, façam um desenho.
02:10
OK. Now, children get their ideas not from teachers,
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Certo. As crianças tiram essas ideias não dos professores,
02:16
as teachers often think, but actually from common sense,
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como eles gostam de pensar, mas do senso comum,
02:19
from experience of the world around them,
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de sua experiência do mundo,
02:21
from all the things that go on between them and their peers,
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de tudo o que acontece entre elas e os amigos,
02:25
and their carers, and their parents, and all of that. Experience.
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responsáveis, pais, e todas essas experiências.
02:30
And one of the great experts in this field, of course, was, bless him,
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Um grande especialista na área, como sabem, é o ótimo
02:35
Cardinal Wolsey. Be very careful what you get into people's heads
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Cardeal Wolsey. "Cuidado com o que põe na cabeça de alguém,
02:39
because it's virtually impossible to shift it afterwards, right?
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pois depois é muito difícil de reverter." Certo?
02:42
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
02:45
I'm not quite sure how he died, actually.
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Aliás, não sei como ele morreu.
02:47
Was he beheaded in the end, or hung?
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Foi decapitado ou enforcado?
02:49
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
02:50
Now, those questions, which, of course, you've got right,
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Certo. Vocês anotaram as respostas,
02:52
and you haven't been conferring, and so on.
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estão conferindo-as e tudo mais.
02:54
And I -- you know, normally, I would pick people out and humiliate,
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Normalmente eu chamo alguém para humilhar,
02:57
but maybe not in this instance.
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mas talvez não aqui.
02:59
A little seed weighs a lot and, basically, all this stuff,
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Uma sementinha pesa muito, e tudo isto,
03:03
99 percent of this stuff, came out of the air.
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99% disto aqui, é derivado do ar.
03:06
Now, I guarantee that about 85 percent of you, or maybe it's fewer at TED,
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Garanto que uns 85% de vocês, ou talvez menos no TED,
03:10
will have said it comes out of the ground. And some people,
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disseram que vem do solo, e alguns,
03:13
probably two of you, will come up and argue with me afterwards,
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talvez duas pessoas, depois virão argumentar comigo
03:16
and say that actually, it comes out of the ground.
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e dizer que deriva do solo.
03:18
Now, if that was true, we'd have trucks going round the country,
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Nesse caso, haveria inúmeros caminhões
03:20
filling people's gardens in with soil, it'd be a fantastic business.
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levando terra para as casas. Seria ótimo.
03:23
But, actually, we don't do that.
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Mas não é assim.
03:25
The mass of this comes out of the air.
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Quase tudo isto vem do ar.
03:28
Now, I passed all my biology exams in Britain.
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Na Inglaterra, eu sempre passei em biologia.
03:32
I passed them really well, but I still came out of school
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Tive ótimas notas, mas me formei
03:34
thinking that that stuff came out of the ground.
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pensando que isto vinha do solo.
03:37
Second one: can you light a little torch-bulb with a battery bulb and one piece of wire?
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A segunda: dá para acender uma lâmpada com uma pilha e um fio?
03:41
Yes, you can, and I'll show you in a second how to do that.
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Dá, sim, e vou demonstrar logo mais.
03:43
Now, I have some rather bad news,
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Mas tenho uma má notícia:
03:45
which is that I had a piece of video that I was about to show you,
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eu trouxe um filme para mostrar a vocês,
03:48
which unfortunately -- the sound doesn't work in this room,
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mas infelizmente o som não funciona aqui.
03:51
so I'm going to describe to you, in true "Monty Python" fashion,
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Então vou relatar, em estilo Monty Python,
03:54
what happens in the video. And in the video, a group of researchers
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o que acontece no vídeo. Nele, um grupo de pesquisadores
03:59
go to MIT on graduation day.
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vai a uma formatura no MIT.
04:01
We chose MIT because, obviously, that's a very long way away
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Escolhemos o MIT por ser bem longe daqui,
04:04
from here, and you wouldn't mind too much,
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então não se importariam,
04:06
but it sort of works the same way in Britain
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mas o resultado é o mesmo na Inglaterra
04:09
and in the West Coast of the USA.
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e no Oeste dos EUA.
04:11
And we asked them these questions, and we asked those questions
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Fizemos essas mesmas perguntas
04:15
of science graduates, and they couldn't answer them.
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aos formandos em ciências, e eles não sabiam.
04:17
And so, there's a whole lot of people saying,
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E muitos deles diziam:
04:19
"I'd be very surprised if you told me that this came out of the air.
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"Eu me surpreenderia se isto viesse do ar.
04:21
That's very surprising to me." And those are science graduates.
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Seria novidade para mim." E são cientistas formados.
04:25
And we intercut it with, "We are the premier science university in the world,"
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O vídeo fecha com "Somos a melhor universidade do mundo",
04:28
because of British-like hubris.
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para fazer uma graça.
04:30
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
04:31
And when we gave graduate engineers that question,
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Quando perguntamos a formandos de engenharia,
04:34
they said it couldn't be done.
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disseram ser impossível.
04:36
And when we gave them a battery, and a piece of wire, and a bulb,
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Demos a eles uma pilha, um fio e uma lâmpada
04:40
and said, "Can you do it?" They couldn't do it. Right?
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e perguntamos se era possível, mas não conseguiram.
04:44
And that's no different from Imperial College in London, by the way,
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Aliás, no Imperial College de Londres não é diferente,
04:47
it's not some sort of anti-American thing going on.
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não estou fazendo campanha anti-americana.
04:51
As if. Now, the reason this matters is we pay lots and lots of money
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Até parece... Agora, isto é importante pois gastamos muito dinheiro
04:57
for teaching people -- we might as well get it right.
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em ensino, e é bom fazermos isso bem.
04:59
And there are also some societal reasons
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Há também questões sociais
05:01
why we might want people to understand what it is that's happening
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para querermos que todos entendam o que ocorre
05:05
in photosynthesis. For example, one half of the carbon equation
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na fotossíntese. Metade da equação do carbono
05:08
is how much we emit, and the other half of the carbon equation,
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é o quanto emitimos, e a outra metade da equação,
05:11
as I'm very conscious as a trustee of Kew,
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como aprendi no Jardim Botânico,
05:13
is how much things soak up, and they soak up carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.
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é quanta coisa as plantas absorvem, como dióxido de carbono.
05:18
That's what plants actually do for a living.
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É disso que as plantas vivem.
05:21
And, for any Finnish people in the audience, this is a Finnish pun:
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E, para os finlandeses aqui, um trocadilho finlandês:
05:24
we are, both literally and metaphorically, skating on thin ice
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estamos, literal e metaforicamente, pisando em gelo fino
05:29
if we don't understand that kind of thing.
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se não entendermos bem isso.
05:32
Now, here's how you do the battery and the bulb.
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E vejam a lâmpada e a pilha.
05:34
It's so easy, isn't it? Of course, you all knew that.
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Muito fácil, não é? É claro que vocês sabiam.
05:38
But if you haven't played with a battery and a bulb,
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Mas, se nunca brincaram com isso,
05:40
if you've only seen a circuit diagram,
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se só viram diagramas de circuitos,
05:42
you might not be able to do that, and that's one of the problems.
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talvez não soubessem, e esse é um dos problemas.
05:46
So, why is it hotter in summer than in winter?
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E por que no verão faz mais calor?
05:48
We learn, as children, that you get closer to something that's hot,
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Aprendemos na infância que, quando muito perto de algo quente,
05:51
and it burns you. It's a very powerful bit of learning,
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nos queimamos. É uma lição valiosa
05:54
and it happens pretty early on.
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que aprendemos muito cedo.
05:56
By extension, we think to ourselves, "Why it's hotter in summer than in winter
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Por extensão, pensamos que, se o verão é mais quente,
05:59
must be because we're closer to the Sun."
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deve ser por causa da proximidade com o Sol.
06:02
I promise you that most of you will have got that.
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Garanto que a maioria disse isso.
06:04
Oh, you're all shaking your heads,
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Estão balançando a cabeça,
06:05
but only a few of you are shaking your heads very firmly.
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mas só alguns a balançam com firmeza.
06:08
Other ones are kind of going like this. All right.
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Outros estão fazendo assim... Tudo bem.
06:10
It's hotter in summer than in winter because the rays from the Sun
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O verão é mais quente que o inverno pois os raios solares
06:13
are spread out more, right, because of the tilt of the Earth.
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se espalham mais, devido à inclinação da Terra.
06:17
And if you think the tilt is tilting us closer, no, it isn't.
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E não pensem que essa inclinação nos aproxima.
06:20
The Sun is 93 million miles away, and we're tilting like this, right?
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O Sol está a 150 milhões de quilômetros e nos inclinamos assim.
06:24
It makes no odds. In fact, in the Northern Hemisphere,
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Não faz diferença. E no Hemisfério Norte
06:27
we're further from the Sun in summer,
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nos afastamos do Sol no verão,
06:30
as it happens, but it makes no odds, the difference.
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mas essa diferença é irrelevante.
06:33
OK, now, the scribble of the diagram of the solar system.
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Quanto ao diagrama do sistema solar,
06:36
If you believe, as most of you probably do,
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se a maioria acredita
06:38
that it's hotter in summer than in winter because we're closer to the Sun,
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que no verão ficamos mais perto do Sol,
06:40
you must have drawn an ellipse.
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deve ter desenhado uma elipse.
06:42
Right? That would explain it, right?
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Não foi? Isso explicaria tudo.
06:44
Except, in your -- you're nodding -- now, in your ellipse,
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E vários concordam. Só que, com essa elipse,
06:48
have you thought, "Well, what happens during the night?"
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já pensaram no que ocorre à noite?
06:50
Between Australia and here, right, they've got summer
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Entre a Austrália e os EUA: lá é verão
06:54
and we've got winter, and what --
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e aqui é inverno, e como é?
06:57
does the Earth kind of rush towards the Sun at night,
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A Terra corre rumo ao Sol de noite
07:00
and then rush back again? I mean, it's a very strange thing going on,
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e depois corre para trás? Isso é muito esquisito.
07:03
and we hold these two models in our head, of what's right and what isn't right,
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Temos dois modelos na cabeça, um certo e um errado,
07:07
and we do that, as human beings, in all sorts of fields.
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e, como humanos, fazemos isso em todas as áreas.
07:11
So, here's Copernicus' view of what the solar system looked like as a plan.
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Esta é a ideia de Copérnico do sistema solar representado em um plano.
07:16
That's pretty much what you should have on your piece of paper. Right?
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É o que vocês devem ter rascunhado, não?
07:19
And this is NASA's view. They're stunningly similar.
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E a visão da NASA. É incrivelmente semelhante.
07:22
I hope you notice the coincidence here.
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Espero que notem a coincidência.
07:25
What would you do if you knew that people had this misconception,
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E o que fariam, sabendo que muitos têm a noção errada
07:29
right, in their heads, of elliptical orbits
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na cabeça, de órbitas elípticas,
07:32
caused by our experiences as children?
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devido a experiências na infância?
07:34
What sort of diagram would you show them of the solar system,
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Que diagrama vocês fariam do sistema
07:36
to show that it's not really like that?
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para evitar esse erro?
07:38
You'd show them something like this, wouldn't you?
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Fariam algo assim, não é?
07:40
It's a plan, looking down from above.
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Um plano visto de cima.
07:41
But, no, look what I found in the textbooks.
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Mas vejam o que achei em apostilas,
07:44
That's what you show people, right? These are from textbooks,
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de onde se aprende, livros didáticos,
07:47
from websites, educational websites --
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sites, páginas educativas
07:49
and almost anything you pick up is like that.
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e quase tudo o que há por aí.
07:51
And the reason it's like that is because it's dead boring
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São assim pois é um tédio
07:53
to have a load of concentric circles,
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ver vários círculos concêntricos.
07:55
whereas that's much more exciting, to look at something at that angle,
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É mais interessante ver algo na diagonal, nesse ângulo,
07:58
isn't it? Right? And by doing it at that angle,
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não é? Mas, olhando na diagonal,
08:01
if you've got that misconception in your head, then that
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se temos a ideia errada na cabeça, então
08:03
two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional thing will be ellipses.
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a representação bidimensional de algo tridimensional será elíptica.
08:08
So you've -- it's crap, isn't it really? As we say.
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Então... é idiota, não é?
08:12
So, these mental models -- we look for evidence that reinforces our models.
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E buscamos provas que comprovem nossos modelos mentais.
08:15
We do this, of course, with matters of race, and politics, and everything else,
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Fazemos isso com questões de raça, política e tudo mais,
08:19
and we do it in science as well. So we look, just look --
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e com a ciência. Então, vejam...
08:21
and scientists do it, constantly -- we look for evidence
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E os cientistas também, procuram provas
08:24
that reinforces our models, and some folks are just all too able
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que reforcem os modelos, e muitas se prontificam
08:27
and willing to provide the evidence that reinforces the models.
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a oferecer provas que reforcem os modelos.
08:30
So, being I'm in the United States, I'll have a dig at the Europeans.
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Já que estou nos EUA, vou criticar os europeus.
08:34
These are examples of what I would say is bad practice in science
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Vejam exemplos do que considero más práticas científicas
08:37
teaching centers. These pictures are from La Villette in France
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em centros de ensino. Isto é La Villette, na França,
08:40
and the welcome wing of the Science Museum in London.
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e a ala inicial do Museu das Ciências de Londres.
08:44
And, if you look at the, kind of the way these things are constructed,
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Vejam o modo como tudo isto é construído:
08:48
there's a lot of mediation by glass, and it's very blue, and kind of professional --
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há muito vidro no meio e é azul, com um jeito profissional.
08:53
in that way that, you know, Woody Allen comes up
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É como o Woody Allen aparecendo
08:56
from under the sheets in that scene in "Annie Hall,"
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de baixo dos lençóis em "Annie Hall",
08:58
and said, "God, that's so professional." And that you don't --
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dizendo: "Nossa, é tão profissional!" E aí...
09:01
there's no passion in it, and it's not hands on, right,
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não há paixão, nada para manipular.
09:04
and, you know, pun intended. Whereas good interpretation --
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Sem trocadilhos. Mas a boa interpretação
09:07
I'll use an example from nearby -- is San Francisco Exploratorium,
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é, por exemplo, a do Exploratorium de São Francisco, aqui perto,
09:11
where all the things that -- the demonstrations, and so on,
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onde tudo, as demonstrações e tudo mais,
09:14
are made out of everyday objects that children can understand,
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é feito de objetos cotidianos que as crianças entendem.
09:17
it's very hands-on, and they can engage with, and experiment with.
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É muito prático, podem se envolver e experimentar.
09:20
And I know that if the graduates at MIT
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Sei que, se os alunos do MIT
09:22
and in the Imperial College in London had had the battery and the wire
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e do Imperial College tivessem a pilha e o arame,
09:26
and the bit of stuff, and you know, been able to do it,
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se fuçassem um pouco, saberiam fazê-lo.
09:29
they would have learned how it actually works,
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Aprenderiam como é o funcionamento,
09:32
rather than thinking that they follow circuit diagrams and can't do it.
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em vez de desistirem com base em diagramas de circuitos.
09:36
So good interpretation is more about
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A boa interpretação se trata mais
09:38
things that are bodged and stuffed and of my world, right?
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de coisas sólidas, palpáveis e do nosso mundo.
09:42
And things that -- where there isn't an extra barrier
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Mas, quando há uma barreira,
09:44
of a piece of glass or machined titanium,
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como um vidro ou uma máquina de titânio,
09:47
and it all looks fantastic, OK?
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tudo parece fantástico, certo?
09:49
And the Exploratorium does that really, really well.
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O Exploratorium faz isso realmente muito bem.
09:52
And it's amateur, but amateur in the best sense,
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E é amador. Amador no melhor sentido,
09:55
in other words, the root of the word being of love and passion.
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ou seja, na raiz da palavra, que é amor e paixão.
10:00
So, children are not empty vessels, OK?
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As crianças não são vazias.
10:02
So, as "Monty Python" would have it,
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Como diria o Monty Python,
10:04
this is a bit Lord Privy Seal to say so,
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e estou chovendo no molhado,
10:06
but this is -- children are not empty vessels.
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mas as crianças não são vazias.
10:08
They come with their own ideas and their own theories,
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Têm suas próprias ideias e teorias,
10:10
and unless you work with those, then you won't be able to shift them,
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e, se não as trabalharmos, não as mudaremos depois.
10:14
right? And I probably haven't shifted your ideas
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Assim como não mudei as ideias
10:16
of how the world and universe operates, either.
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que vocês tem do mundo e do universo.
10:19
But this applies, equally, to matters of trying to sell new technology.
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Isso também se aplica a venda de tecnologia.
10:22
For example, we are, in Britain, we're trying to do a digital switchover
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Por exemplo, a Inglaterra está tentando migrar
10:25
of the whole population into digital technology [for television].
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para a TV digital em toda a população.
10:27
And it's one of the difficult things
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Mas é difícil,
10:29
is that when people have preconceptions of how it all works,
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pois há preconceitos sobre o sistema
10:31
it's quite difficult to shift those.
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e é difícil transformá-los.
10:34
So we're not empty vessels; the mental models that we have
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Não somos ocos, e nossos modelos mentais da infância
10:38
as children persist into adulthood.
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persistem na nossa vida.
10:40
Poor teaching actually does more harm than good.
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O ensino ruim é muito prejudicial.
10:42
In this country and in Britain, magnetism is understood better
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Nos EUA e na Inglaterra, o magnetismo é entendido melhor
10:46
by children before they've been to school than afterwards, OK?
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pelas crianças antes do que depois de irem à escola.
10:49
Same for gravity, two concepts, so it's -- which is quite humbling,
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O mesmo para a gravidade. Isso é uma lição
10:53
as a, you know, if you're a teacher, and you look before and after,
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para nós, professores. Ver o antes e o depois
10:56
that's quite worrying. They do worse in tests afterwards, after the teaching.
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é preocupante. Após aprenderem, se saem pior nos testes.
11:00
And we collude. We design tests,
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E nós trapaceamos, criando provas,
11:02
or at least in Britain, so that people pass them. Right?
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ao menos na Inglaterra, para os alunos passarem.
11:05
And governments do very well. They pat themselves on the back.
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Os governos se saem bem e se congratulam.
11:08
OK? We collude, and actually if you --
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Não é? Nós somos coniventes, e
11:12
if someone had designed a test for me
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se alguém formulasse uma prova,
11:14
when I was doing my biology exams,
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nas minhas aulas de biologia,
11:16
to really understand, to see whether I'd understood
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para ver se eu compreendia de fato,
11:18
more than just kind of putting starch and iodine together
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mais do que juntar amido com iodo
11:20
and seeing it go blue,
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e constatar que fica azul,
11:22
and really understood that plants took their mass out of the air,
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se eu entendesse que as plantas tiram massa do ar,
11:25
then I might have done better at science.
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talvez fosse um cientista melhor.
11:30
So the most important thing is to get people to articulate their models.
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O mais importante é fazer as pessoas articularem as concepções.
11:35
Your homework is -- you know, how does an aircraft's wing create lift?
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Seu dever de casa: como a asa de uma aeronave cria sustentação?
11:40
An obvious question, and you'll have an answer now in your heads.
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Parece óbvio, e vocês já têm uma resposta,
11:44
And the second question to that then is,
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mas a segunda parte é:
11:47
ensure you've explained how it is that planes can fly upside down.
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explique também por que os aviões voam de cabeça para baixo.
11:51
Ah ha, right. Second question is, why is the sea blue? All right?
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Haha, certo? Outra pergunta: por que o mar é azul?
11:55
And you've all got an idea in your head of the answer.
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E todos já imaginam a resposta.
11:59
So, why is it blue on cloudy days? Ah, see.
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Mas por que é azul em dias nublados? Estão vendo?
12:03
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
12:06
I've always wanted to say that in this country.
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Sempre quis dizer isso nos EUA.
12:08
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
12:10
Finally, my plea to you is to allow yourselves, and your children,
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Finalmente, meu apelo a vocês e seus filhos,
12:14
and anyone you know, to kind of fiddle with stuff,
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e a quem conhecerem, é que fucem as coisas.
12:17
because it's by fiddling with things that you, you know,
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Pois é fuçando as coisas que nós complementamos
12:19
you complement your other learning. It's not a replacement,
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o aprendizado. Não é um substituto,
12:21
it's just part of learning that's important.
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mas uma parte importante do aprendizado.
12:24
Thank you very much.
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Muito obrigado.
12:25
Now -- oh, oh yeah, go on then, go on.
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Esperem! Ah, bom... Tudo bem.
12:28
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by Carolina Alfaro
Reviewed by Tulio Leao

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jonathan Drori - Educator
Jonathan Drori commissioned the BBC's very first websites, one highlight in a long career devoted to online culture and educational media -- and understanding how we learn.

Why you should listen

Jonathan Drori has dedicated his career to media and learning. As the Head of Commissioning for BBC Online, he led the effort to create bbc.co.uk, the online face of the BBC (an effort he recalls fondly). He came to the web from the TV side of the BBC, where as an editor and producer he headed up dozens of television series on science, education and the arts.

After almost two decades at the BBC, he's now a director at Changing Media Ltd., a media and education consultancy, and is a visiting professor at University of Bristol, where he studies educational media and misperceptions in science. He continues to executive produce the occasional TV series, including 2004's award-winning "The DNA Story" and 2009's "Great Sperm Race." He is on the boards of the Royal Botanic Gardens and the Woodland Trust.

(Photo: Lloyd Davis/flickr)

More profile about the speaker
Jonathan Drori | Speaker | TED.com