TEDGlobal 2009
William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the wind
William Kamkwamba: Cum am valorificat vântul
Filmed:
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La vârsta de 14 ani, în sărăcie şi foamete, un băiat Malawian a construit o moară de vânt pentru a-şi alimenta casa familiei lui. Acum, la 22 de ani, William Kamkwamba, care vorbeşte la TED, aici, pentru a doua oară, împărtăşeşte cu cuvintele lui povestea emoţionantă a invenţiei care i-a schimbat viaţa.
William Kamkwamba - Inventor
To power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind." Full bio
To power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Thank you.
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Vă mulţumesc.
00:15
Two years ago, I stood on the TED stage in Arusha, Tanzania.
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Acum doi ani am stat pe scena TED în Arusha, Tanzania.
00:19
I spoke very briefly about one of my proudest creations.
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Am vorbit foarte pe scurt despre una din cele mai însemnate creaţii ale mele.
00:24
It was a simple machine that changed my life.
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Era o maşină simplă care mi-a schimbat viaţa.
00:28
Before that time,
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Înainte de acel timp
00:30
I had never been away from my home
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nu mai fusesem niciodată departe de casa mea
00:33
in Malawi.
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din Malawi.
00:36
I had never used a computer.
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Nu folosisem niciodată un calculator.
00:38
I had never seen an Internet.
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Nu văzusem niciodată Internet-ul.
00:42
On the stage that day, I was so nervous.
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Pe scenă, în acea zi, am fost foarte emoţionat.
00:47
My English lost,
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Engleza pierdută,
00:51
I wanted to vomit.
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îmi venea să vomit.
00:53
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
00:57
I had never been surrounded by so many azungu,
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N-am mai fost niciodată înconjurat de atâţia azungu,
01:01
white people.
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oameni albi.
01:03
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
01:06
There was a story I wouldn't tell you then.
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A fost o poveste pe care nu v-am spus-o atunci.
01:09
But well, I'm feeling good right now.
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Dar, ei bine, mă simt bine acum.
01:12
I would like to share that story today.
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Aş vrea să vă împărtăşesc povestea aceea astăzi.
01:15
We have seven children in my family.
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Suntem şapte copii în familia mea.
01:17
All sisters, excepting me.
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Toate surori, cu excepţia mea.
01:21
This is me with my dad when I was a little boy.
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Acesta sunt eu cu tatăl meu când eram un mic copil.
01:26
Before I discovered the wonders of science,
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Înainte de a descoperi minunile ştiinţei,
01:29
I was just a simple farmer
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am fost doar un simplu fermier
01:31
in a country of poor farmers.
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într-o ţară de fermieri săraci.
01:34
Like everyone else, we grew maize.
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Ca toţi ceilalţi, creşteam porumb.
01:38
One year our fortune turned very bad.
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Într-un an am avut un ghinion foarte mare.
01:43
In 2001 we experienced an awful famine.
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În 2001 a fost o foamete grozavă.
01:48
Within five months all Malawians began to starve to death.
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În cinci luni toţi Malawinienii au început să moară de foame.
01:55
My family ate one meal per day, at night.
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Familia mea mânca o singură masă pe zi, seara.
01:59
Only three swallows of nsima for each one of us.
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Doar trei înghiţituri de nsima pentru fiecare dintre noi.
02:03
The food passes through our bodies.
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Mâncarea trecea prin corpurile noastre.
02:05
We drop down to nothing.
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Noi rămâneam cu nimic.
02:09
In Malawi, the secondary school,
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În Malawi, la şcoala gimnazială,
02:12
you have to pay school fees.
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trebuie să plăteşti taxe de şcolarizare.
02:14
Because of the hunger, I was forced to drop out of school.
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Din cauza foametei, am fost forţat să renunţ la şcoală.
02:20
I looked at my father
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M-am uitat la tatăl meu,
02:22
and looked at those dry fields.
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şi m-am uitat la acele câmpuri uscate.
02:24
It was the future I couldn't accept.
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A fost viitorul pe care nu puteam să-l accept.
02:28
I felt very happy to be at the secondary school,
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M-am simţit foarte fericit cât am fost la şcoala gimnazială.
02:32
so I was determined to do anything possible
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Aşa că eram hotărât să fac tot posibilul
02:37
to receive education.
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pentru a primi educaţie.
02:39
So I went to a library.
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Aşa că m-am dus la o bibliotecă.
02:41
I read books, science books, especially physics.
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Citeam cărţi, cărţi de ştiinţă, de fizică în special.
02:45
I couldn't read English that well.
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Nu puteam citi în Engleză foarte bine.
02:47
I used diagrams and pictures
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Mă foloseam de diagrame şi imagini
02:50
to learn the words around them.
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pentru a învăţa cuvintele din jurul lor.
02:55
Another book put that knowledge in my hands.
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Altă carte a pus cunoştinţele acelea în mîinile mele.
02:59
It said a windmill could pump water and generate electricity.
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Spunea că o moară de vânt poate pompa apă şi genera electricitate.
03:05
Pump water meant irrigation,
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Apă pompată însemna irigaţie.
03:08
a defense against hunger,
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O apărare împotriva foametei,
03:10
which we were experiencing by that time.
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pe care o încercam atunci.
03:14
So I decided I would build one windmill for myself.
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Aşa că m-am hotărât să construiesc o moară de vânt pentru mine.
03:18
But I didn't have materials to use,
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Dar nu aveam materiale pe care să le folosesc.
03:21
so I went to a scrap yard
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Aşa că m-am dus la fier vechi
03:23
where I found my materials.
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unde mi-am găsit materialele.
03:26
Many people, including my mother,
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Mulţi oameni, inclusiv mama mea,
03:30
said I was crazy.
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au spus că sunt nebun.
03:32
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
03:34
I found a tractor fan,
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Am găsit un ventilator de tractor
03:36
shock absorber, PVC pipes.
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amortizor, ţevi PVC.
03:38
Using a bicycle frame
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Folosind un cadru de bicicletă
03:41
and an old bicycle dynamo,
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şi un dinam de la o bicicletă veche
03:45
I built my machine.
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mi-am construit maşina.
03:47
It was one light at first.
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Era o singură lumină la început.
03:50
And then four lights,
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Şi apoi patru lumini,
03:53
with switches, and even a circuit breaker,
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cu comutatoare, şi chiar şi cu un întrerupător,
03:58
modeled after an electric bell.
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modelat după un afiş electric.
04:02
Another machine pumps water
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O altă maşină pompează apă
04:06
for irrigation.
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pentru irigaţie.
04:09
Queues of people start lining up at my house
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Cozi de oameni încep să se alinieze la casa mea
04:12
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
04:14
to charge their mobile phone.
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pentru a-şi încărca telefoanele mobile.
04:16
(Applause)
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(Aplauze)
04:20
I could not get rid of them.
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Nu puteam scăpa de ei.
04:22
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
04:24
And the reporters came too,
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Au venit şi reporterii,
04:27
which lead to bloggers
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care a condus la blogheri
04:29
and which lead to a call from something called TED.
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şi care a condus la un telefon de la ceva numit TED.
04:34
I had never seen an airplane before.
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Nu mai văzusem un avion până atunci.
04:36
I had never slept in a hotel.
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Nu mai dormisem niciodată într-un hotel.
04:39
So, on stage that day in Arusha,
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Aşa că, pe scenă, în acea zi în Arusha,
04:43
my English lost,
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mi-am pierdut Engleza,
04:46
I said something like,
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am spus ceva de genul,
04:49
"I tried. And I made it."
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„Am încercat. Şi am reuşit.”
04:53
So I would like to say something
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Aşa că aş vrea să spun ceva
04:55
to all the people out there like me
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către toţi oamenii de-acolo, asemănători mie,
04:58
to the Africans, and the poor
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Africanilor, şi săracilor
05:01
who are struggling with your dreams.
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care se luptă cu visele voastre
05:05
God bless.
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Doamne-ajută.
05:07
Maybe one day you will watch this on the Internet.
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Poate că într-o zi veţi viziona asta pe Internet.
05:11
I say to you, trust yourself and believe.
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Eu vă spun, aveţi încredere în voi şi credeţi.
05:16
Whatever happens, don't give up.
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Orice s-ar întâmpla, nu renunţaţi.
05:18
Thank you.
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Mulţumesc.
05:20
(Applause)
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(Aplauze)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
William Kamkwamba - InventorTo power his family's home, young William Kamkwamba built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap -- starting him on a journey detailed in the book and film "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind."
Why you should listen
William Kamkwamba, from Malawi, is a born inventor. When he was 14, he built an electricity-producing windmill from spare parts and scrap, working from rough plans he found in a library book called Using Energy and modifying them to fit his needs. The windmill he built powers four lights and two radios in his family home.
After reading about Kamkwamba on Mike McKay's blog Hactivate (which picked up the story from a local Malawi newspaper), TEDGlobal Conference Director Emeka Okafor spent several weeks tracking him down at his home in Masitala Village, Wimbe, and invited him to attend TEDGlobal on a fellowship. Onstage, Kamkwamba talked about his invention and shared his dreams: to build a larger windmill to help with irrigation for his entire village, and to go back to school.
Following Kamkwamba's moving talk, there was an outpouring of support for him and his promising work. Members of the TED community got together to help him improve his power system (by incorporating solar energy), and further his education through school and mentorships. Subsequent projects have included clean water, malaria prevention, solar power and lighting for the six homes in his family compound; a deep-water well with a solar-powered pump for clean water; and a drip irrigation system. Kamkwamba himself returned to school, and is now attending the African Leadership Academy, a new pan-African prep school outside Johannesburg, South Africa.
Kamkwamba's story is documented in his autobiography, The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope. A documentary about Kamkwamba, called William and the Windmill, won the Documentary Feature Grand Jury award at SXSW in 2013 (watch a trailer ). You can support his work and other young inventors at MovingWindmills.org.
William Kamkwamba | Speaker | TED.com