ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Parul Sehgal - Literary critic
Parul Sehgal is an editor for "The New York Times Book Review."

Why you should listen

"No scorn, no condescension. We read first for distraction then consolation then for company. And finally to be worthy of the company we kept," writes literary critic Parul Sehgal, whose reviews are as delicious and delightful as the books themselves. Sehgal is an editor at The New York Times Book Review. Previously the Books Editor at NPR.org and the Senior Editor at Publisher's Weekly, Sehgal is the recipient of the 2010 Nona Balakian Citation for Excellence in Reviewing and the 2008 Pan African Literary Forum’s OneWorld Prize for fiction. She lives in New York City.

More profile about the speaker
Parul Sehgal | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSalon NY2013

Parul Sehgal: An ode to envy

Parul Sehgal: Hvalnica ljubosumju

Filmed:
2,362,572 views

Kaj je ljubosumje? Kaj ga poganja in zakaj ga imamo skrivoma radi? Nobena študija še ni obdelala njegove "samotnosti, dolgotrajnosti, grozljive vznemirljivosti" - razen literature, pravi Parul Seghal. Seghalova skozi tekočo meditacijo pregleda literarna dela in pokaže, da ljubosumje ni tako zelo drugačno od iskanja znanja.
- Literary critic
Parul Sehgal is an editor for "The New York Times Book Review." Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
So when I was eightosem yearslet oldstar,
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Torej, ko sem imela osem let,
00:15
a newnovo girlpunca cameprišel to joinPridružite se the classrazred,
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je v razred prišla nova deklica.
00:17
and she was so impressiveimpresivno,
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Bila je čudovita,
00:20
as the newnovo girlpunca always seemsZdi se to be.
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kot so ponavadi vse nove deklice.
00:23
She had vastogromno quantitieskoličine of very shinysvetleči hairlasje
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Imela je ogromno količino zelo svetlečih las
00:25
and a cutesrčkano little pencilsvinčnik caseprimera,
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in ljubko majhno peresnico,
00:28
supersuper strongmočno on statedržava capitalsprestolnic,
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še glavna mesta je znala na pamet,
00:32
just a great spellerČrkovalnik.
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bila je odlična v črkovanju.
00:34
And I just curdledzasirjeno with jealousyljubosumje that yearleto,
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Tisto leto me je zvijalo od ljubosumja,
00:39
untildo I hatchedizleže my deviouszavije plannačrt.
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potem pa sem razvila svoj zlobni načrt.
00:43
So one day I stayedostala a little latepozen after schoolšola,
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Nekega dne sem po pouku
malo dlje ostala v šoli
00:47
a little too latepozen, and I lurkedlurked in the girls'dekleta " bathroomkopalnica.
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in se skrila v dekliško stranišče.
00:51
When the coastObala was clearjasno, I emergedpojavil,
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Ko je bil zrak čist, sem prišla ven,
00:53
creptpojavile into the classroomučilnica,
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se splazila v učilnico
00:55
and tookvzel from my teacher'sučitelja deskmiza the graderazred bookknjigo.
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in vzela redovalnico z učiteljeve mize.
00:59
And then I did it.
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In potem sem nekaj naredila.
01:01
I fiddledfiddled with my rival'stekmec je gradesrazredov,
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Spremenila sem ocene svoje tekmice,
01:04
just a little, just demotedizpadla some of those A'sA.
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čisto malo, malo sem znižala nekaj njenih petic.
01:07
All of those A'sA. (LaughterSmeh)
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Pravzaprav vse petice. (Smeh).
01:10
And I got readypripravljen to returnvrnitev the bookknjigo to the drawerpredal,
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Skoraj sem že vrnila redovalnico v predal,
01:13
when hangvisi on, some of my other classmatessošolci
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ampak čakaj, tudi nekateri drugi sošolci
01:16
had appallinglystrašno good gradesrazredov too.
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so imeli odvratno dobre ocene.
01:20
So, in a frenzyblaznost,
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V svoji blaznosti
01:22
I correctedpopravljena everybody'svsi so marksoznake,
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sem spremenila ocene vsem,
01:24
not imaginativelydomiselno.
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a ne kar tako.
01:26
I gavedala everybodyvsi a rowvrstico of D'sD
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Vsem sem dala po nekaj dvojk,
01:28
and I gavedala myselfjaz a rowvrstico of A'sA,
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sebi pa nekaj petic,
01:31
just because I was there, you know, mightmorda as well.
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ker sem pač bila tam, saj veste - zakaj pa ne.
01:34
And I am still baffledzmeden by my behaviorvedenje.
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Še vedno se čudim svojemu obnašanju.
01:40
I don't understandrazumeti where the ideaideja cameprišel from.
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Ne razumem, odkod sem dobila zamisel.
01:42
I don't understandrazumeti why I feltčutil so great doing it.
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Ne razumem, zakaj sem se počutila tako dobro,
ko sem to počela.
01:45
I feltčutil great.
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Odlično sem se počutila.
01:47
I don't understandrazumeti why I was never caughtujet.
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Ne razumem, zakaj me niso nikoli ujeli.
01:50
I mean, it should have been so blatantlyočitno obviousočitno.
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Hočem reči, bilo je ja očitno.
01:51
I was never caughtujet.
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Nikoli me niso ujeli.
01:52
But mostnajbolj of all, I am baffledzmeden by,
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Najbolj od vsega pa me čudi,
01:55
why did it bothermoti me so much
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da me je tako motilo,
01:56
that this little girlpunca, this tinymajhen little girlpunca,
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da je ta majhna deklica, ta drobcena deklica
01:58
was so good at spellingčrkovanje?
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tako obvladala črkovanje.
02:00
JealousyLjubosumje baffleslopute me.
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Ljubosumje me čudi.
02:02
It's so mysteriousskrivnostno, and it's so pervasiveprodoren.
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Tako skrivnostno, tako prodorno je.
02:05
We know babiesdojenčki suffertrpeti from jealousyljubosumje.
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Vemo, da so dojenčki ljubosumni.
02:08
We know primatesprimati do. BluebirdsBluebirds are actuallydejansko very pronenagnjena.
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Primati prav tako. Drozgi so temu zelo podvrženi.
02:11
We know that jealousyljubosumje is the numberštevilka one causevzrok
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Vemo, da je ljubosumje največji vzrok
02:15
of spousalzakonca murderumor in the UnitedVelika StatesDržave.
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za umore partnerjev v ZDA.
02:18
And yetše, I have never readpreberite a studyštudija
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A nisem še naletela na študijo,
02:21
that can parserazčleniti to me its lonelinessosamljenosti
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ki bi razčlenila njegovo samotnost,
02:24
or its longevitydolgoživost or its grimmračno thrillvznemirjenje.
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dolgotrajnost ali grozljivo vznemirljivost.
02:29
For that, we have to go to fictionfikcija,
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Za to se moramo zateči k fikciji,
02:31
because the novelroman is the lablaboratorij
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saj je roman laboratorij,
02:34
that has studiedštudiral jealousyljubosumje
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ki ljubosumje proučuje
02:35
in everyvsak possiblemogoče configurationKonfiguracija.
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v vseh možnih oblikah.
02:37
In factdejstvo, I don't know if it's an exaggerationpretiravanja to say
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Pravzaprav morda ni pretirano reči,
02:41
that if we didn't have jealousyljubosumje,
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da če ne bi bilo ljubosumja,
02:43
would we even have literatureliteratura?
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morda sploh ne bi imeli literature?
02:45
Well no faithlessneveren HelenHelen, no "OdysseyOdyssey."
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Nobene nezveste Helene, nobene Odiseje.
02:49
No jealousljubosumen kingkralj, no "ArabianArabian NightsNoči."
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Nobenega ljubosumnega kralja,
nobenih Arabskih noči.
02:52
No ShakespeareShakespeare.
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Nobenega Shakespeara.
02:55
There goesgre highvisoko schoolšola readingbranje listsseznami,
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Adijo gimnazijsko domače branje,
02:57
because we're losingizgublja "SoundZvok and the FuryFury,"
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saj ne bi bilo romana Krik in bes,
02:59
we're losingizgublja "GatsbyGatsby," "SunSonce AlsoTudi RisesDviga,"
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ne bi bilo Gatsby-ja, ne romana Sonce tudi vzhaja,
03:01
we're losingizgublja "MadameMadame BovaryBovary," "AnnaAnna K."
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izgubili bi Gospo Bovary, Ano K.
03:05
No jealousyljubosumje, no ProustProust. And now, I mean,
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Brez ljubosumja ne bi bilo Prousta. Saj vem,
03:08
I know it's fashionablemodi to say that ProustProust
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da je moderno reči, da ima Proust
03:09
has the answersodgovore to everything,
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odgovore na vsa vprašanja,
03:11
but in the caseprimera of jealousyljubosumje,
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a v primeru ljubosumja
03:14
he kindvrste of does.
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jih nekako res ima.
03:16
This yearleto is the centennialCentennial of his masterpiecemojstrovina, "In SearchIšči of LostIzgubil Time,"
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Letos mineva sto let od njegove mojstrovine
V iskanju izgubljenega časa,
03:20
and it's the mostnajbolj exhaustiveizčrpen studyštudija of sexualspolno jealousyljubosumje
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kar je najbolj poglobljena študija
seksualnega ljubosumja
03:24
and just regularredno competitivenesskonkurenčnost, my brandznamka,
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in splošne tekmovalnosti - to je moja spretnost -
03:27
that we can hopeupanje to have. (LaughterSmeh)
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kar bi jih sploh lahko imeli. (Smeh).
03:29
And we think about ProustProust, we think
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Ko pomislimo na Prousta, se spomnimo
03:32
about the sentimentalsentimentalno bitsbitov, right?
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bolj sentimentalnih delov, kajne?
03:33
We think about a little boyfant tryingposkušam to get to sleepspanje.
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Spomnimo se dečka, ki se trudi zaspati.
03:35
We think about a madeleineMadeleine moistenednavlažiti in lavendersivka teačaj.
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Pa magdalenic namočenih v sivkin čaj.
03:39
We forgetpozabi how harshkruto his visionvizijo was.
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Pozabimo, kako oster je bil.
03:41
We forgetpozabi how pitilesspitiless he is.
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Kako nemilosten.
03:43
I mean, these are booksknjige that VirginiaVirginia WoolfWoolf said
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To so vendar knjige, za katere je
Virginia Woolf dejala,
03:45
were toughtežko as catmačka gutčreva.
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da so napete kot struna.
03:48
I don't know what catmačka gutčreva is,
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Ne vem, kako močne so strune,
03:50
but let's assumedomnevati it's formidablemogočna.
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a predstavljajmo si, da so izjemne.
03:53
Let's look at why they go so well togetherskupaj,
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Poglejmo, zakaj tako lepo gresta skupaj,
03:56
the novelroman and jealousyljubosumje, jealousyljubosumje and ProustProust.
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roman in ljubosumje, ljubosumje in Proust.
04:00
Is it something as obviousočitno as that jealousyljubosumje,
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Je morda očitno, da je ljubosumje,
04:03
whichki boilsvre down into personoseba, desireželja, impedimentovira,
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ki se zreducira na osebo, poželenje, oviro,
04:06
is suchtako a solidtrdna narrativepripoved foundationtemelj?
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enostavno tako trdna osnova za zgodbo?
04:11
I don't know. I think it cutskosi very closeblizu to the bonekosti,
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Ne vem. Mislim, da je to blizu resnici.
04:14
because let's think about what happensse zgodi
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Kaj se namreč zgodi,
04:16
when we feel jealousljubosumen.
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ko smo ljuosumni?
04:17
When we feel jealousljubosumen, we tell ourselvessami a storyzgodba.
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Ko smo ljubosumni, si pripovedujemo zgodbo.
04:21
We tell ourselvessami a storyzgodba about other people'sljudje livesživi,
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Zgodbo o življenju drugih ljudi,
04:26
and these storieszgodbe make us feel terriblegrozno
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zaradi česar se počutimo grozno,
04:28
because they're designedzasnovan to make us feel terriblegrozno.
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saj je tak tudi namen takih zgodb.
04:31
As the tellerpisec of the talezgodba and the audienceobčinstvo,
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Kot pripovedovalec in občinstvo
04:33
we know just what detailspodrobnosti to includevključi,
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vemo, katere podrobnosti naj vključimo,
04:35
to digkopati that knifenož in. Right?
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da bi še globlje zarili nož. Mar ne?
04:39
JealousyLjubosumje makesnaredi us all amateurljubitelj novelistspisatelji,
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Zaradi ljubosumja postanemo ljubiteljski pisatelji,
04:42
and this is something ProustProust understoodrazumel.
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kar je Proust dobro razumel.
04:44
In the first volumeprostornina, Swann'sSwann Way,
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V prvem delu, V Swannovem svetu,
04:47
the seriesserije of booksknjige,
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ki je serija knjig,
04:49
SwannSwann, one of the mainglavni charactersznakov,
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Swann, eden od glavnih junakov,
04:51
is thinkingrazmišljanje very fondlynežno of his mistressGospa
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ljubeče razmišlja o svoji ljubici
04:54
and how great she is in bedpostelja,
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in o tem, kako dobra je v postelji.
04:56
and suddenlynenadoma, in the courseseveda of a fewmalo sentenceskazni,
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Potem pa v nekaj povedih
04:59
and these are ProustianProustian sentenceskazni,
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in to so Proustove povedi,
05:01
so they're long as riversreke,
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torej so dolge kot reka,
05:02
but in the courseseveda of a fewmalo sentenceskazni,
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v nekaj povedih
05:04
he suddenlynenadoma recoilsrecoils and he realizesspozna,
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spremeni pogled in ugotovi:
05:07
"HangVisi on, everything I love about this womanženska,
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"Čakaj, vse, kar ljubim na tej ženski,
05:10
somebodynekdo elsedrugače would love about this womanženska.
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bi lahko ljubil tudi kdo drug.
05:14
Everything that she does that givesdaje me pleasureužitek
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V vsem, pri čemer z njo uživam,
05:17
could be givingdajanje somebodynekdo elsedrugače pleasureužitek,
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bi lahko užival tudi kdo drug,
05:19
maybe right about now."
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morda prav zdaj."
05:21
And this is the storyzgodba he startsse začne to tell himselfsam,
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Pripovedovati si začne to zgodbo
05:24
and from then on, ProustProust writespiše that
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in odtlej, piše Proust,
05:26
everyvsak freshsveže charmčar SwannSwann detectszazna in his mistressGospa,
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vsaka nova privlačna stvar,
ki jo Swann opazi pri ljubici,
05:29
he addsdodaja to his "collectionzbirka of instrumentsinstrumente
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postane del njegove "zbirke orodij
05:31
in his privatezasebno torturemučenje chamberkomora."
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v njegovi zasebni mučilnici."
05:35
Now SwannSwann and ProustProust, we have to admitpriznati,
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Priznati moramo, da sta bila
tako Swann kot Proust
05:37
were notoriouslynotoričen jealousljubosumen.
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znana po ljubosumju.
05:39
You know, Proust'sProust's boyfriendsfante would have to leavedopust
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Proustovi ljubimci so morali zapustiti
05:41
the countrydržava if they wanted to breakodmor up with him.
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državo, če so hoteli končati razmerje z njim.
05:43
But you don't have to be that jealousljubosumen
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A ni treba biti tako ljubosumen,
05:46
to concedepriznati that it's hardtežko work. Right?
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da bi priznali, da je to zahteven opravek. Ne?
05:49
JealousyLjubosumje is exhaustingnaporno.
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Ljubosumje nas izčrpa.
05:51
It's a hungrylačen emotiončustva. It mustmoraš be fedhranjenje.
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Lačno čustvo je. Treba ga je hraniti.
05:54
And what does jealousyljubosumje like?
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In kaj mu je všeč?
05:56
JealousyLjubosumje likesVšeč mi je informationinformacije.
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Podatki.
05:59
JealousyLjubosumje likesVšeč mi je detailspodrobnosti.
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Podrobnosti.
06:02
JealousyLjubosumje likesVšeč mi je the vastogromno quantitieskoličine of shinysvetleči hairlasje,
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Velike količine svetlečih las,
06:05
the cutesrčkano little pencilsvinčnik caseprimera.
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ljubka majhna peresnica.
06:07
JealousyLjubosumje likesVšeč mi je photosfotografije.
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Ljubosumje ima rado fotografije.
06:09
That's why InstagramInstagram is suchtako a hitudaril. (LaughterSmeh)
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Zato je Instagram tak hit. (Smeh)
06:12
ProustProust actuallydejansko linkspovezave the languagejezik of scholarshipštipendijo and jealousyljubosumje.
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Proust pravzaprav poveže akademski jezik
in ljubosumje.
06:16
When SwannSwann is in his jealousljubosumen throesboleœih,
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Ko je Swann v oklepu ljubosumja,
06:19
and suddenlynenadoma he's listeningposlušanje at doorwaysvrata
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ko naenkrat prisluškuje pri vratih,
06:21
and bribingpodkupovanja his mistress'gospa servantsuslužbencev,
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ko podkupuje ljubičine služabnike,
06:23
he defendsbrani these behaviorsvedenja.
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brani svoje ravnanje.
06:24
He sayspravi, "You know, look, I know you think this is repugnantProturječan,
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Pravi:" Poglejte, vem, da mislite,
da je to odvratno,
06:27
but it is no differentdrugačen
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a nič drugače ni
06:29
from interpretingtolmačenje an ancientstarodavne textbesedilo
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kot interpretirati starinsko besedilo
06:31
or looking at a monumentspomenik."
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ali si ogledovati spomenik."
06:33
He sayspravi, "They are scientificznanstveni investigationspreiskave
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Pravi: "To so znanstvene raziskave
06:35
with realresnično intellectualintelektualca valuevrednost."
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s pravo intelektualno vrednostjo."
06:38
ProustProust is tryingposkušam to showshow us that jealousyljubosumje
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Proust nam želi pokazati, da se ljubosumje zdi
06:40
feelspočuti intolerablenedopustno and makesnaredi us look absurdabsurdno,
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nevzdržno in da nas dela absurdne,
06:43
but it is, at its cruxjedro, a questiskanje for knowledgeznanje,
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a je v svojem jedru iskanje védenja,
06:48
a questiskanje for truthresnica, painfulboleče truthresnica,
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iskanje resnice, boleče resnice,
06:51
and actuallydejansko, where ProustProust is concernedzadevnega,
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in kar se tiče Prousta, pravzaprav,
06:53
the more painfulboleče the truthresnica, the better.
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bolj boleča ko je resnica, toliko bolje.
06:56
GriefŽalosti, humiliationponiževanje, lossizguba:
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Žalovanje, ponižanje, izguba.
07:01
These were the avenuespoti to wisdommodrost for ProustProust.
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To so bile Proustove poti k modrosti.
07:04
He sayspravi, "A womanženska whomkoga we need,
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Dejal je: "Ženska, ki jo potrebujemo,
07:08
who makesnaredi us suffertrpeti, elicitsizvabi from us
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zaradi katere trpimo, v nas zbuja
07:11
a gamutlestvice of feelingsčustva fardaleč more profoundgloboko and vitalvitalnega
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spekter čustev, ki so veliko globlja in bolj bistvena,
07:14
than a man of geniusgenij who interestsinteresov us."
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kot bi to uspelo geniju, ki nas zanima."
07:18
Is he tellingpovedal us to just go and find cruelkruto womenženske?
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Nam mar pravi, naj gremo iskat krute ženske?
07:21
No. I think he's tryingposkušam to say
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Ne. Mislim, da hoče reči,
07:24
that jealousyljubosumje revealsrazkriva us to ourselvessami.
158
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3169
da nas ljubosumje razkrije nam samim.
07:27
And does any other emotiončustva crackcrack us openodprto
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Nas še kakšno drugo čustvo
07:30
in this particularzlasti way?
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odpre na tak način?
07:32
Does any other emotiončustva revealrazkrivajo to us
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Ali nam kako drugo čustvo razkrije
07:34
our aggressionagresije and our hideousodvraten ambitionambicije
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lastno agresivnost in odvratno ambicijo
07:37
and our entitlementupravičenost?
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ter zahtevo po tistem, kar nam po naše pripada?
07:40
Does any other emotiončustva teachučiti us to look
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Nas katero drugo čustvo uči gledati
07:42
with suchtako peculiarznačilen intensityintenzivnost?
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s tako posebno intenzivnostjo?
07:46
FreudFreud would writepiši about this laterpozneje.
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Freud je kasneje pisal o tem.
07:48
One day, FreudFreud was visitedobiskali
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Nekega dne ga je obiskal
07:50
by this very anxiouszaskrbljeni youngmladi man who was consumedporabljen
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tesnoben mladenič, ki ga je obsedla
07:52
with the thought of his wifežena cheatingvaranje on him.
169
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2503
misel na to, da ga žena vara.
07:55
And FreudFreud sayspravi, it's something strangečudno about this guy,
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Freud je menil, da je na tem moškem nekaj čudnega,
07:57
because he's not looking at what his wifežena is doing.
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saj ni opazoval, kaj počne njegova žena.
07:59
Because she's blamelesskrivo; everybodyvsi knowsve it.
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Bila je nedolžna, vsi so to vedeli.
08:01
The poorslabo creaturebitje is just
173
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Ampak ubožico
08:02
underSpodaj suspicionsum for no causevzrok.
174
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1998
je brez razloga sumil.
08:04
But he's looking for things that his wifežena is doing
175
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Iskal je kretnje, ki jih je delala
08:07
withoutbrez noticingopazil, unintentionalnenamerno behaviorsvedenja.
176
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2500
podzavestno, iskal je naključno obnašanje.
08:10
Is she smilingnasmejan too brightlysvetlo here,
177
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Se tu morda preveč smehlja,
08:12
or did she accidentallypo nesreči brushkrtačo up againstproti a man there?
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se je tam morda po nesreči dotaknila moškega?
08:15
[FreudFreud] sayspravi that the man is becomingpostaja
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Freud meni, da je mož postal
08:18
the custodianskrbnik of his wife'sžene unconsciousnezavesten.
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skrbnik ženine podzavesti.
08:22
The novelroman is very good on this pointtočka.
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Roman je pri tem odličen.
08:24
The novelroman is very good at describingopisuje how jealousyljubosumje
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Odlično opisuje, kako nas ljubosumje
08:27
trainsvlaki us to look with intensityintenzivnost but not accuracynatančnost.
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nauči gledati intenzivno, a nenatančno.
08:31
In factdejstvo, the more intenselyintenzivno jealousljubosumen we are,
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Pravzaprav bolj ko smo intenzivno ljubosumni,
08:35
the more we becomepostane residentsprebivalci of fantasyfantazija.
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bolj postajamo del fantazije.
08:38
And this is why, I think, jealousyljubosumje doesn't
186
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Mislim, da nas ljubosumje zato
08:41
just provokepovzročijo us to do violentnasilno things
187
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ne vodi samo v nasilje
08:43
or illegalnezakonito things.
188
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ali v nelegalna dejanja.
08:45
JealousyLjubosumje promptspozove us to behaveObnašajte se in waysnačinov
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Ljubosumje povzroči, da se obnašamo
08:48
that are wildlydivje inventiveinventivno.
190
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na noro iznajdljive načine.
08:50
Now I'm thinkingrazmišljanje of myselfjaz at eightosem, I concedepriznati,
191
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2443
Pri tem mislim nase pri osmih letih, priznam,
08:52
but I'm alsotudi thinkingrazmišljanje of this storyzgodba I heardslišal on the newsnovice.
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mislim pa tudi na zgodbo, ki sem jo našla
v novicah.
08:56
A 52-year-old- letnik MichiganMichigan womanženska was caughtujet
193
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52-letno žensko iz Michigana so ujeli,
09:00
creatingustvarjanje a fakeponaredek FacebookFacebook accountračun
194
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2869
ko je ustvarila lažni profil na Facebooku,
09:03
from whichki she sentposlano vilevile, hideousodvraten messagessporočil
195
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3723
od koder je leto dni pošiljala
zlobna, grozna sporočila
09:07
to herselfsama for a yearleto.
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sami sebi.
09:11
For a yearleto. A yearleto.
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2125
Eno leto. Eno leto.
09:13
And she was tryingposkušam to frameokvir
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Hotela je obtožiti
09:15
her ex-boyfriend'sex-fant newnovo girlfriendpunca,
199
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novo punco svojega bivšega fanta.
09:17
and I have to confesspriznam when I heardslišal this,
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Priznati moram, da ko sem to slišala,
09:21
I just reactedodzvala with admirationobčudovanje.
201
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sem jo občudovala.
09:23
(LaughterSmeh)
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(Smeh)
09:24
Because, I mean, let's be realresnično.
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2415
Ker, hočem reči, bodimo iskreni.
09:27
What immenseogromno, if misplacednapačno namestiti, creativityustvarjalnost. Right?
204
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Kakšna neznanska, čeprav neustrezna kreativnost. Ne?
09:31
This is something from a novelroman.
205
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2420
To je nekaj, o čemer beremo v romanu.
09:34
This is something from a PatriciaPatricia HighsmithHighsmith novelroman.
206
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3401
To je nekaj iz knjig Patricie Highsmith.
09:37
Now HighsmithHighsmith is a particularzlasti favoritenajljubši of minemoj.
207
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2170
Highsmithova je ena mojih najljubših.
09:39
She is the very brilliantsijajno and bizarrebizarno womanženska of AmericanAmeriški lettersčrke.
208
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Odlična in bizarna ženska ameriške literature je.
09:43
She's the authoravtor of "StrangersTujci on a TrainVlak"
209
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Je avtorica Tujcev na vlaku
09:45
and "The TalentedNadarjeni MrG.. RipleyRipley,"
210
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2048
in Nadarjenega gospoda Ripleya.
09:47
booksknjige that are all about how jealousyljubosumje,
211
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Ti knjigi prikazujeta, kako ljubosumje
09:51
it muddlesmuddles our mindsmisli,
212
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1875
zamegli naš razum,
09:52
and onceenkrat we're in the spherekrogla, in that realmkraljestvo of jealousyljubosumje,
213
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2994
in ko smo enkrat v sferi, v območju ljubosumja,
09:55
the membranemembrana betweenmed what is and what could be
214
583882
5263
lahko membrano med tem,
kar je in kar bi lahko bilo,
10:01
can be piercedpreboden in an instanttakoj.
215
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prebodemo v trenutku.
10:04
Take TomTom RipleyRipley, her mostnajbolj famousslavni characterznak.
216
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2448
Tom Ripley, njen najslavnejši junak, recimo.
10:06
Now, TomTom RipleyRipley goesgre from wantingželim you
217
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2839
Ripley gre od želje po tebi
10:09
or wantingželim what you have
218
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2176
ali po tem, kar imaš,
10:11
to beingbiti you and havingimeti what you onceenkrat had,
219
599501
3428
do tega, da postane ti in ima, kar si nekoč imel,
10:14
and you're underSpodaj the floorboardspodu,
220
602929
1533
ti pa si pod rušo,
10:16
he's answeringodgovori to your nameime,
221
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1363
oglaša se na tvoje ime,
10:17
he's wearingnošenje your ringsobroči,
222
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1692
nosi tvoje prstane,
10:19
emptyingpraznjenje your bankbanka accountračun.
223
607517
2001
prazni tvoj bančni račun.
10:21
That's one way to go.
224
609518
1975
To je eden od načinov.
10:23
But what do we do? We can't go the TomTom RipleyRipley routepot.
225
611493
3664
Kaj lahko naredimo?
Ne moremo ponavljati za Tomom Ripleyem.
10:27
I can't give the worldsvet D'sD,
226
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2037
Ne morem vsemu svetu dati dvojke,
10:29
as much as I would really like to, some daysdnevi.
227
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2847
čeprav bi si včasih zelo želela.
10:32
And it's a pityškoda, because we livev živo in enviousZavidan timeskrat.
228
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Škoda, saj živimo v ljubosumnih časih.
10:35
We livev živo in jealousljubosumen timeskrat.
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2907
Živimo v ljubosumnih časih.
10:38
I mean, we're all good citizensdržavljani of socialsocialno mediamediji,
230
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2013
Hočem reči, vsi smo dobri državljani
družbenih medijev,
10:40
aren'tne we, where the currencyvalute is envyzavist?
231
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3384
kajne, kjer je ljubosumje valuta.
10:43
Does the novelroman showshow us a way out? I'm not sure.
232
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Nam roman kaže izhod? Nisem prepričana.
10:48
So let's do what charactersznakov always do when they're not sure,
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Naredimo to, kar junaki naredijo, ko niso prepričani,
10:51
when they are in possessionposest of a mysteryskrivnost.
234
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2176
ko se znajdejo pred skrivnostjo.
10:53
Let's go to 221B BakerBaker StreetUlica
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2274
Gremo na Baker street 221B
10:56
and askvprašajte for SherlockSherlock HolmesHolmes.
236
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2018
in povprašajmo po Sherlocku Holmesu.
10:58
When people think of HolmesHolmes,
237
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Ko ljudje pomislijo na Holmesa,
11:00
they think of his nemesisNemesis beingbiti ProfessorProfesor MoriartyMoriarty,
238
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se spomnijo njegovega antijunaka,
profesorja Moriartija,
11:03
right, this criminalkriminalec mastermindUpravljam.
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njegovega genialnega kriminalca.
11:06
But I've always preferredprednost [InspectorInšpektor] LestradeLestrade,
240
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2463
A meni je ljubši inšpektor Lestrade,
11:08
who is the rat-facedpodgana, s katerimi se soočajo headglava of ScotlandŠkotska YardDvorišče
241
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2905
neprivlačni šef Scotland Yarda,
11:11
who needspotrebe HolmesHolmes desperatelyobupno,
242
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1730
ki Holmesa nujno potrebuje,
11:13
needspotrebe Holmes'Holmes geniusgenij, but resentsresents him.
243
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potrebuje njegov razum, a ga prezira.
11:15
Oh, it's so familiarznano to me.
244
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1857
To mi je tako znano.
11:17
So LestradeLestrade needspotrebe his help, resentsresents him,
245
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4017
Lestrade ga potrebuje, ga prezira
11:21
and sortRazvrsti of seethesseethes with bitternessgrenkobe over the courseseveda of the mysteriesskrivnosti.
246
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in poka od zagrenjenosti pri reševanju skrivnosti.
11:24
But as they work togetherskupaj, something startsse začne to changesprememba,
247
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Ko pa sodelujeta, se nekaj spremeni,
11:28
and finallykončno in "The AdventureAvantura of the SixŠest NapoleonsNapoleons,"
248
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in končno v Pustolovščini šestih Napoleonov,
11:31
onceenkrat HolmesHolmes comesprihaja in, dazzlespreseneča everybodyvsi with his solutionrešitev,
249
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3930
ko Holmes vstopi in vse očara s svojo rešitvijo,
11:35
LestradeLestrade turnszavrti to HolmesHolmes and he sayspravi,
250
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se Lestrade obrne k njemu in reče:
11:38
"We're not jealousljubosumen of you, MrG.. HolmesHolmes.
251
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4281
"Nismo ljubosumni na vas, g. Holmes.
11:43
We're proudponosen of you."
252
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3359
Ponosni smo na vas."
11:46
And he sayspravi that there's not a man at ScotlandŠkotska YardDvorišče
253
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Doda, da ga ni moža na Scotland Yardu,
11:48
who wouldn'tne bi want to shakepretresite SherlockSherlock Holmes'Holmes handroka.
254
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ki se ne bi želel rokovati s Holmesom.
11:51
It's one of the fewmalo timeskrat we see HolmesHolmes movedpreselil
255
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2385
To je eden redkih trenutkov, v katerih vidimo Holmesa ganjenega,
11:54
in the mysteriesskrivnosti, and I find it very movingpremikanje,
256
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2095
kar se tudi meni zdi ganljivo,
11:56
this little scenescene, but it's alsotudi mysteriousskrivnostno, right?
257
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a ta kratek prizor je obenem tudi skrivnosten, ne?
11:59
It seemsZdi se to treatzdravljenje jealousyljubosumje
258
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1913
Zdi se, da ljubosumje obravnava
12:01
as a problemproblem of geometrygeometrija, not emotiončustva.
259
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2738
kot problem geometrije, ne čustev.
12:04
You know, one minuteminuto HolmesHolmes is on the other sidestran from LestradeLestrade.
260
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Veste, v enem trenutku je Holmes nasprotje Lestrada.
12:06
The nextNaslednji minuteminuto they're on the sameenako sidestran.
261
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1923
V drugem sta na isti strani.
12:08
SuddenlyNenadoma, LestradeLestrade is lettingdajanje v najem himselfsam
262
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Naenkrat si Lestrade dovoli
12:10
admireobčuduj this mindum that he's resentedzamerili.
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občudovati razum, ki ga je preziral.
12:13
Could it be so simplepreprosto thoughčeprav?
264
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1929
Je lahko tako enostavno?
12:15
What if jealousyljubosumje really is a matterzadevo of geometrygeometrija,
265
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2431
Kaj, če je ljubosumje res stvar geometrije,
12:18
just a matterzadevo of where we allowdovolite ourselvessami to standstojalo
266
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stvar tega, kam se postavimo
12:22
in relationrazmerje to anotherdrugo?
267
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2330
glede na drugega?
12:24
Well, maybe then we wouldn'tne bi have to resentzamerijo
268
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1871
No, morda nam potem ni treba prezirati
12:26
somebody'snekdo je excellenceodličnosti.
269
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2061
odličnosti nekoga drugega.
12:28
We could alignPoravnaj ourselvessami with it.
270
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Lahko se uskladimo z njo.
12:31
But I like contingencynepredvidljivost plansnačrtov.
271
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A jaz imam rada rezervne načrte.
12:33
So while we wait for that to happense zgodi,
272
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2336
Ko čakamo, da se to zgodi,
12:36
let us rememberZapomni si that we have fictionfikcija for consolationtolažba.
273
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se spomnimo, da nas lahko tolaži literatura.
12:38
FictionFikcija alonesam demystifiesdemistificira jealousyljubosumje.
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Fikcija sama odvzame skrivnostnost ljubosumju.
12:41
FictionFikcija alonesam domesticatesdomesticates it,
275
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2083
Udomači ga
12:43
invitesvabi it to the tablemizo.
276
751478
1878
in ga povabi k mizi.
12:45
And look who it gatherszbira:
277
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1873
In glejte, kdo se zbere:
12:47
sweetsladko LestradeLestrade, terrifyingzastrašujoče TomTom RipleyRipley,
278
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nežni Lestrade, grozljivi Tom Ripley,
12:51
crazynoro SwannSwann, MarcelMarcel ProustProust himselfsam.
279
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nori Swann, sam Marcel Proust.
12:55
We are in excellentodlično companypodjetje.
280
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V odlični družbi smo.
12:57
Thank you.
281
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Hvala.
12:59
(ApplauseAplavz)
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(Aplavz)
Translated by Klavdija Cernilogar
Reviewed by Lenka Tušar

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Parul Sehgal - Literary critic
Parul Sehgal is an editor for "The New York Times Book Review."

Why you should listen

"No scorn, no condescension. We read first for distraction then consolation then for company. And finally to be worthy of the company we kept," writes literary critic Parul Sehgal, whose reviews are as delicious and delightful as the books themselves. Sehgal is an editor at The New York Times Book Review. Previously the Books Editor at NPR.org and the Senior Editor at Publisher's Weekly, Sehgal is the recipient of the 2010 Nona Balakian Citation for Excellence in Reviewing and the 2008 Pan African Literary Forum’s OneWorld Prize for fiction. She lives in New York City.

More profile about the speaker
Parul Sehgal | Speaker | TED.com