TEDWomen 2010
Beverly + Dereck Joubert: Life lessons from big cats
Beverli + Derek Žuber: Životne lekcije velikih mačaka
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Beverli + Derek Žuber žive u šikari, snimajući i fotografišući lavove i leoparde u njihovim prirodnim staništima. Uz zadivljujuće snimke (neke nikada pre viđene) pričaju o svojim ličnim vezama sa ovim veličanstvenim životinjama - i svojim poduhvatom da spasu velike mačke od ljudske pretnje.
Beverly + Dereck Joubert - Conservationists, filmmakers
Documentary filmmakers Beverly and Dereck Joubert have worked to conserve wildlife for more than 25 years. As National Geographic Explorers in Residence, the couple influences public policy and perceptions. Full bio
Documentary filmmakers Beverly and Dereck Joubert have worked to conserve wildlife for more than 25 years. As National Geographic Explorers in Residence, the couple influences public policy and perceptions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Beverly Joubert: We are truly passionate
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Beverli Žuber: Mi smo zaista pasionirani
00:17
about the African wilderness
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prema afričkoj divljini
00:19
and protecting the African wilderness,
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i očuvanju afričke divljine.
00:21
and so what we've done
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I ono što smo učinili
00:23
is we've focused on iconic cats.
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jeste da smo se fokusirali na ikoničke mačke.
00:26
And I know,
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I znam,
00:28
in the light of human suffering and poverty
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u poređenju s ljudskom patnjom i siromaštvom
00:30
and even climate change,
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čak i klimatskim promenama,
00:32
one would wonder,
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neki će se pitati
00:34
why worry about a few cats?
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zašto brinuti o nekoliko mačaka?
00:37
Well today we're here
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Danas smo ovde kako
00:39
to share with you a message that we have learned
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bismo sa vama podelili poruku koju smo naučili
00:41
from a very important and special character --
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od veoma važnog i posebnog lika -
00:44
this leopard.
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ovog leoparda.
00:46
Dereck Joubert: Well, our lives have basically been
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Derek Žouber: Naši životi su, zapravo, kao
00:49
like a super long episode of "CSI" --
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jedna veoma dugačka epizoda serije "CSI" -
00:51
something like 28 years.
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nekih 28 godina.
00:54
In essence, what we've done
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U suštini, ono što smo učinili
00:56
is we've studied the science, we've looked at the behavior,
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jeste da smo proučavali nauku, posmatrali smo ponašanje,
00:58
we've seen over 2,000 kills
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videli smo više od 2.000 ubistava
01:00
by these amazing animals.
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od stane ovih zadivljujućih životinja.
01:03
But one of the things that science really lets us down on
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Ali jedna od stvari u kojima nas nauka izneverava
01:06
is that personality,
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jeste ta ličnost,
01:08
that individual personality that these animals have.
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ta individualna ličnost koju te životinje imaju.
01:12
And here's a prime example.
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A ovo je najbolji primer.
01:14
We found this leopard in a 2,000-year-old
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Pronašli smo ovu ženku leoparda na 2.000 godina starom
01:16
baobab tree in Africa,
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drvetu baobaba u Africi,
01:18
the same tree that we found her mother in
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na istom drvetu gde smo pronašli njenu majku
01:20
and her grandmother.
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i njenu baku.
01:22
And she took us on a journey
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I ona nas je povela na putovanje
01:25
and revealed something very special to us --
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i otkrila nam nešto veoma posebno --
01:28
her own daughter, eight days old.
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njenu vlastitu ćerku, osam dana staru.
01:30
And the minute we found this leopard,
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I u trenutku kada smo otkrili tu ženku leoparda,
01:32
we realized that we needed to move in,
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shvatili smo kako moramo da se približimo.
01:34
and so we basically stayed with this leopard
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I zapravo, ostali smo s tom ženkom leoparda
01:36
for the next four-and-a-half years --
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sledeće četiri i po godine --
01:38
following her every day,
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prateći je svaki dan,
01:40
getting to know her,
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upoznajući je,
01:42
that individual personality of hers,
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tu njenu individualnu ličnost,
01:44
and really coming to know her.
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i zaista smo počeli da je poznajemo.
01:46
Now I'm destined
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Predodređen sam
01:49
to spend a lot of time
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da provodim mnogo vremena
01:51
with some unique,
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s nekim jedinstvenim,
01:53
very, very special,
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vrlo, vrlo posebnim
01:55
individualistic
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individualnim
01:57
and often seductive female characters.
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i često zavodljivim ženskim likovima.
02:00
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
02:02
Beverly's clearly one of them,
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Beverli je, očigledno, jedna od njih,
02:05
and this little leopard, Legadema, is another,
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a ova mala ženka leoparda, Lahadima, je druga
02:08
and she changed our lives.
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i ona je promenila naše živote.
02:10
BJ: Well we certainly did spend a lot of time with her --
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BŽ: Zaista smo proveli mnogo vremena s njom --
02:13
in fact, more time than even her mother did.
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zapravo, više vremena nego njena majka.
02:15
When her mother would go off hunting,
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Kada bi njena majka otišla u lov,
02:17
we would stay and film.
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mi bismo ostali i snimali.
02:19
And early on, a lightning bolt hit a tree
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Ranije, grom je udario u drvo
02:22
20 paces away from us.
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20 koraka od nas.
02:24
It was frightening,
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Bilo je zastrašujuće.
02:26
and it showered us with leaves and a pungent smell.
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I zasuo nas je s lišćem i oporim mirisom.
02:29
And of course, we were stunned for a while,
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I naravno, stajali smo neko vreme,
02:31
but when we managed to get our wits about us,
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ali kada smo uspeli da se trgnemo iz straha koji je bio u nama,
02:34
we looked at it and said, "My gosh,
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pogledali smo i rekli, "Moj Bože,
02:36
what's going to happen with that little cub?
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šta će se dogoditi s tim malim mladunčetom?
02:38
She's probably going to forever associate
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Verovatno će uvek povezivati
02:40
that deafening crash with us."
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taj zaglušujući udar sa nama."
02:43
Well, we needn't have worried.
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Nije trebalo da brinemo.
02:45
She came charging out of the thicket straight towards us,
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Dotrčala je iz šipražja pravo ka nama,
02:48
sat next to us, shivering,
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sela pored nas, drhteći,
02:51
with her back towards Dereck, and looking out.
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leđima okrenutim prema Dereku, sa pogledom prema napolje.
02:54
And actually from that day on,
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I zapravo, od tog dana nadalje,
02:56
she's been comfortable with us.
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ona se navikla na nas.
02:58
So we felt that that day
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Zbog toga smo osetili kako je taj dan
03:00
was the day that she really earned her name.
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bio dan kada je zaista zaslužila svoje ime.
03:02
We called her Legadema,
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Nazvali smo je Lahadima,
03:04
which means, "light from the sky."
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što znači "svetlo s neba".
03:07
DJ: Now we've found these individualisms
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DŽ: Pronašli smo tu vrstu individualizma
03:09
in all sorts of animals,
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u svim vrstama životinja,
03:11
in particular in the cats.
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naročito u mačkama.
03:13
This particular one is called Eetwidomayloh,
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Ovaj je nazvan Itvajdumelou,
03:15
"he who greets with fire,"
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"onaj koji pozdravlja sa vatrom".
03:17
and you can just see that about him, you know -- that's his character.
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I upravo to možete videti u njemu, znate -- to je njegov karakter.
03:20
But only by getting up close to these animals
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Ali, samo približavanjem tim životinjama
03:22
and spending time with them
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i provođenjem vremena s njima,
03:24
can we actually even reach out
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možemo u stvari posegnuti napolje
03:26
and dig out these personal characters that they have.
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i iskopati te specifične karaktere koje imaju.
03:28
BJ: But through our investigation,
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BŽ: Ali tokom naše istrage,
03:30
we have to seek the wildest places in Africa.
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moramo tražiti najdivljija mesta u Africi.
03:33
And right now this is in the Okavango Delta
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A ovo ovde je u Delti Okivango
03:35
in Botswana.
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u Bocvani.
03:37
Yes, it is swamp. We live in the swamp in a tent,
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Da, to je močvara. Živimo u močvari u šatoru.
03:40
but I must tell you, every day is exhilarating.
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Ali moram vam reći, svaki dan je stimulativan.
03:43
But also, our hearts are in our throats
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Ali ujedno, naša srca su nam u petama
03:45
a huge amount of the time,
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ogroman deo vremena,
03:47
because we're driving through water,
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jer se vozimo kroz vodu,
03:49
and it's an unknown territory.
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a to je nepoznato područje.
03:51
But we're really there
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Ali, zapravo, mi tamo
03:53
seeking and searching and filming the iconic cats.
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tražimo i snimamo ikoničke mačke.
03:56
DJ: Now one of the big things, of course,
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DŽ: Jedna od velikih stvari, naravno,
03:58
everybody knows that cats hate water,
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svi znamo kako mačke mrze vodu.
04:01
and so this was a real revelation for us.
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Zbog toga je ovo bilo pravo otkriće za nas.
04:03
And we could only find this by pushing ourselves,
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A to smo mogli naći samo provlačeći se,
04:06
by going where no sane person should go --
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odlazeći gde nijedna prisebna osoba ne bi trebalo da ide --
04:11
not without some prompting, by the way, from Beverly --
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ne bez malo posticaja, usput rečeno, od Beverli --
04:14
and just pushing the envelope,
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i jednostavno pomerajući granice
04:16
going out there, pushing our vehicle, pushing ourselves.
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odlazeći tamo, gurajući naše vozilo, podstičući se.
04:19
But we've managed to find that these lions
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Uspeli smo da otkrijemo da su ti lavovi
04:21
are 15 percent bigger than any others,
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15 posto veći od ostalih,
04:23
and they specialize in hunting buffalo in the water.
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i da su specijalizovani za lov na bizone u vodi.
04:27
BJ: And then of course, the challenge
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BŽ: I tada, naravno, izazov
04:29
is knowing when to turn around.
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je znati kada se treba okrenuti nazad.
04:32
We don't always get that right,
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Ne polazi nam uvek to za rukom.
04:34
and on this particular day,
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A ovog konkretnog dana,
04:36
we seriously underestimated the depth.
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ozbiljno smo podcenili dubinu.
04:39
We got deeper and deeper,
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Išli smo dublje i dublje,
04:41
until it was at Dereck's chest-height.
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do dubine Derekovih grudi.
04:43
Well then we hit a deep depression,
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Zatim smo došli u jako duboki deo,
04:46
and we seriously submerged the vehicle.
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i ozbiljno potopili vozilo.
04:49
We actually managed to drown
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Uspeli smo, zapravo, da potopimo
04:51
two million dollars' worth of camera gear.
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opremu za kameru u vrednosti od dva miliona dolara.
04:54
We drowned our pride, I must tell you,
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Potopili smo naš ponos, moram vam reći,
04:56
which was really serious,
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što je bilo zaista ozbiljno,
04:58
and we seized the engine.
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i onesposobili smo motor.
05:01
DJ: And of course, one of the rules that we have in the vehicle
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DŽ: I naravno, jedno od pravila koje imamo u vozilu
05:03
is that he who drowns the vehicle
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je da onaj ko potopi vozilo
05:05
gets to swim with the crocodiles.
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pliva s krokodilima.
05:07
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:09
You will notice also that all of these images here
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Primetićete, takođe, da je sve ove slike ovde
05:11
are taken from the top angle by Beverly --
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Beverli slikala iz gornjeg ugla --
05:13
the dry top angle, by the way.
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suvog gornjeg ugla, usput rečeno.
05:15
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:18
But all the places we get stuck in really have great views.
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Ali sva mesta na kojima se zaglavimo imaju predivne poglede.
05:21
And it wasn't a moment, and these lions came back towards us,
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I nije prošao ni trenutak, a ti lavovi su krenuli nazad prema nama,
05:24
and Beverly was able to get a great photograph.
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i Beverli je uspela da uslika odličnu fotografiju.
05:26
BJ: But we truly do
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BŽ: Ali zaista,
05:28
spend day and night
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provodimo dan i noć
05:30
trying to capture unique footage.
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pokušavajući da uhvatimo jedinstvene slike.
05:32
And 20 years ago,
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Pre 20 godina,
05:34
we did a film called "Eternal Enemies"
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snimili smo film zvani "Večni neprijatelji"
05:36
where we managed to capture
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gde smo uspeli da uhvatimo
05:38
this unusual disturbing behavior across two species --
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ovo neobično uznemiravajuće ponašanje dve vrste --
05:41
lions and hyenas.
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lavova i hijena.
05:43
And surprisingly, it became a cult film.
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Iznenađujuće, postao je kultni film.
05:46
And we can only work that out
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I jedini način na koji to možemo uraditi je
05:48
as people were seeing parallels
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kao ljudi koji vide paralele
05:50
between the thuggish side of nature
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između daviteljske strane prirode
05:53
and gang warfare.
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i ratnog sukoba između bandi.
05:55
DJ: It was amazing, because you can see that this lion
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DŽ: Bilo je neverovatno, jer možete videti kako ovaj lav
05:58
is doing exactly what his name,
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čini upravo ono što njegovo ime,
06:00
Eetwidomayloh, represents.
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Itvajdumelou, predstavlja.
06:02
He's focused on this hyena,
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On je fokusiran na ovu hijenu,
06:04
and he is going to get it.
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i uloviće je.
06:07
(Animal sounds)
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(Životinjski zvukovi)
06:11
But that's, I think, what this is all about,
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Ali to je, mislim, ono o čemu se radi,
06:14
is that these individuals have these personalities and characters.
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da ti pojedinci imaju te ličnosti i karaktere.
06:17
But for us to get them, not only do we push ourselves,
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Ali da ih dobijemo, ne samo da se trudimo,
06:20
but we live by certain rules of engagement,
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već i živimo prema određenim pravilima angažmana,
06:23
which mean we can't interfere.
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što znači da ne smemo da se mešamo.
06:25
This sort of behavior has been going on
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Taj oblik ponašanja postoji
06:27
for three, four, five million years,
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već tri, četiri, pet miliona godina
06:29
and we can't step in and say, "That's wrong, and that's right."
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i ne možemo upadnemo i da kažemo, "To je pogrešno, a to je pravilno."
06:32
But that's not always easy for us.
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Ali to nam nije uvek lako.
06:35
BJ: So, as Dereck says,
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BŽ: Kao što Derek kaže,
06:37
we have to work through extremes --
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moramo da radimo u ekstremnim uslovima --
06:39
extreme temperatures, push ourselves at night.
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ekstremne temperature, preživljavanje noći.
06:41
Sleep deprivation is extreme.
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Nedostatak sna je ekstreman.
06:44
We're on the edge
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Na ivici smo
06:46
through a large part of the time.
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veliki deo vremena.
06:48
But, for 10 years, we tried to capture
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10 godina smo pokušavali da uhvatimo
06:50
lions and elephants together --
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lavove i slonove zajedno --
06:53
and never ever managed
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i nikad, nikad nismo uspeli
06:55
until this particular night.
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sve do baš ove noći.
06:58
And I have to tell you
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I moram da vam kažem
07:00
that it was a disturbing night for me.
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da je to bila uznemirujuća noć za mene.
07:02
I had tears rolling down my cheeks.
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Suze su mi klizile niz obraze.
07:04
I was shaking with anxiety,
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Tresla sam se od anksioznosti.
07:07
but I knew that [I had] to capture something
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Ali znala sam, da bi se uhvatilo nešto
07:09
that had never been seen before, had never been documented.
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što nikad pre nije viđeno, što nikad pre nije dokumentovano.
07:12
And I do believe you should stay with us.
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I verujem da treba da ostanete sa nama.
07:16
DJ: The amazing thing about these moments --
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DŽ: Nevetovatna stvar o tim trenucima --
07:18
and this is probably a highlight of our career --
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a to je verovatno vrhunac naše karijere --
07:21
is that you never know how it's going to end.
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jeste da nikada ne znate kako će završiti.
07:30
Many people believe, in fact,
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Mnogi ljudi veruju, u stvari,
07:32
that death begins in the eyes, not in the heart,
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da smrt počinje u očima, ne u srcu,
07:34
not in the lungs,
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ne u plućima.
07:36
and that's when people give up hope,
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I tada se ljudi odreknu nade
07:38
or when any life form gives up hope.
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ili bilo koji oblik života se odrekne nade.
07:40
And you can see the start of it here.
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I možete videti početak toga ovde.
07:44
This elephant, against overwhelming odds,
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Ovaj slon, nasuprot pobedničkim izgledima,
07:47
simply gives up hope.
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se jednostavo odrekao nade.
08:01
But by the same token,
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Ali, pomoću istog znaka,
08:04
you can get your hope back again.
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možete vratiti svoju nadu.
08:08
So just when you think it's all over, something else happens,
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Zato, kada mislite da je sve gotovo, nešto drugo se dogodi,
08:11
some spark gets into you,
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neka iskra uđe u vas,
08:13
some sort of will to fight --
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neka vrsta volje za borbom --
08:16
that iron will that we all have,
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ta gvozdena volja koju svi imamo,
08:18
that this elephant has,
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koju ovaj slon ima,
08:20
that conservation has, that big cats have.
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koju očuvanje ima, koju velike mačke imaju.
08:23
Everything has that will to survive,
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Sve ima tu volju za preživljavanjem,
08:26
to fight, to push through that mental barrier
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za borbom, za probijanjem mentalne barijere
08:28
and to keep going.
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da se ide dalje.
08:31
And for us, in many ways,
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I za nas, na mnoge načine,
08:33
this elephant has become
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ovaj slon je postao
08:35
a symbol of inspiration for us,
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simbol naše inspiracije,
08:37
a symbol of that hope as we go forward in our work.
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simbol nade za napredak u našem poslu.
08:40
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
08:51
Now back to the leopard.
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Sada, nazad na ženku leoparda.
08:53
We were spending so much time with this leopard
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Provodili smo tako mnogo vremena s tom ženkom leoparda
08:55
and getting to understand her individualism,
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i počeli smo da shvatamo njen individualizam,
08:57
her personal character,
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njen lični karakter,
08:59
that maybe we were taking it a little bit far.
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da smo, možda, otišli malo predaleko.
09:02
We were perhaps taking her for granted,
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Možda smo je uzimali zdravo za gotovo,
09:04
and maybe she didn't like that that much.
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a njoj se možda to i nije previše sviđalo.
09:06
This is about couples working together,
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Ovde je reč o parovima koji rade zajedno,
09:08
and so I do need to say that within the vehicle
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i zato moram reći kako Beverli i ja unutar
09:11
we have quite strict territories, Beverly and I.
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vozila imamo prilično stroge teritorije.
09:14
Beverly sits on the one side
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Beverli sedi na jednoj strani
09:16
where all her camera gear is,
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gde se nalazi sva njena kamermanska oprema,
09:18
and I'm on the other side where my space is.
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a ja sam na drugoj strani gde je moj prostor.
09:21
These are precious to us, these divides.
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Ta podela je dragocena za nas.
09:24
BJ: But when this little cub saw
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BŽ: Ali kada je to malo mladunče videlo
09:26
that I had vacated my seat
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da sam ja napustila svoje mesto
09:28
and climbed to the back to get some camera gear,
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i otišla iza po još kamermanske opreme,
09:30
she came in like a curious cat
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ušla je unutra poput radoznale mačke
09:32
to come and investigate.
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da dođe i istraži.
09:34
It was phenomenal, and we felt grateful
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Bilo je fenomenalno i osećali smo zahvalnost
09:37
that she trusted us to that extent.
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što nam je verovala do te granice.
09:39
But at the same time, we were concerned
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Ali, u isto vreme, bili smo zabrinuti
09:41
that if she created this as a habit
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da ako ona to pretvori u naviku
09:43
and jumped into somebody else's car,
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i skoči u nečiji drugi auto,
09:45
it might not turn out the same way --
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da se ne bi možda završilo na isti način --
09:47
she might get shot for that.
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mogla bi biti upucana zbog toga.
09:49
So we knew we had to react quickly.
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Zato smo znali da moramo brzo da reagujemo.
09:52
And the only way we thought we could
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I jedini način kog smo se setili,
09:55
without scaring her
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a da je ne uplašimo, je da
09:57
is to try and simulate a growl like her mother would make --
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pokušamo da simuliramo režanje njene majke --
09:59
a hiss and a sound.
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siktanje i zvuk.
10:01
So Dereck turned on the heater fan in the car --
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Derek je zato upalio grejanje u autu --
10:03
very innovative.
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veoma inovativno.
10:05
DJ: It was the only way for me to save the marriage,
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DŽ: Bio je to jedini način za mene da spasim brak,
10:07
because Beverly felt she was being replaced, you see.
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jer, vidite, Beverli se osećala zamenjenom.
10:09
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
10:12
But really and truly, this was how
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Ali, zaista, ovako je
10:14
this little leopard was displaying
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ova mala ženka leoparda pokazivala
10:16
her individual personality.
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svoju individualnu ličnost.
10:18
But nothing prepared us
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Ali ništa nas nije pripremilo
10:20
for what happened next in our relationship with her,
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za ono što se sledeće dogodilo u našoj vezi s njom,
10:22
when she started hunting.
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kada je počela da lovi.
10:24
BJ: And on this first hunt, we truly were excited.
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BŽ: Na tom prvom lovu, bili smo zaista uzbuđeni.
10:27
It was like watching a graduation ceremony.
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Kao da gledam ceremoniju mature.
10:29
We felt like we were surrogate parents.
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Osećali smo se kao da smo surogat roditelji.
10:31
And of course, we knew now
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I naravno, sada smo znali
10:33
that she was going to survive.
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da će preživeti.
10:35
But only when we saw the tiny baby baboon
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Ali tek kada smo videli ovu sićušnu bebu babuna,
10:38
clinging to the mother's fur
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zakačenu za majčino krzno
10:40
did we realize that something very unique
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shvatili smo da se nešto veoma jedinstveno
10:42
was taking place here with Legadema.
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dešava ovde s Lahadimom.
10:45
And of course, the baby baboon was so innocent,
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I naravno, beba babuna je bila toliko nevina,
10:48
it didn't turn and run.
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da se nije okrenula i otrčala.
10:50
So what we watched
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Ono što smo posmatrali
10:52
over the next couple of hours
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sledećih par sati
10:54
was very unique.
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bilo je veoma jedinstveno.
10:57
It was absolutely amazing
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Bilo je potpuno zadivljujuće
10:59
when she picked it up to safety,
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kada ga je odnela na sigurno,
11:01
protecting it from the hyena.
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štiteći ga od hijena.
11:04
And over the next five hours,
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I sledećih pet sati,
11:07
she took care of it.
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brinula je o njemu.
11:09
We realized that we actually don't know everything,
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Shvatili smo da, zapravo, ne znamo sve,
11:12
and that nature is so unpredictable,
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i da je priroda toliko nepredvidiva,
11:16
we have to be open at all times.
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da moramo da budemo otvoreni prema njoj sve vreme.
11:19
DJ: Okay, so she was a little bit rough.
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DŽ: U redu, bila je pomalo gruba.
11:21
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
11:26
But in fact,
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Ali, u stvari,
11:30
what we were seeing here was interesting.
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ono što gledamo ovde je bilo zanimljivo.
11:33
Because she is a cub wanting to play,
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Jer ona je mladunče željno igre,
11:36
but she was also a predator needing to kill,
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ali istovremeno je bila i grabljivica s instinktom za ubijanje,
11:39
and yet conflicted in some way,
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i donekle u konfliktu,
11:41
because she was also an emerging mother.
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jer je bila još i majka u nastajanju.
11:44
She had this maternal instinct,
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Imala je taj materinski instinkt,
11:46
much like a young girl on her way to womanhood,
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kao što ima i mlada devojka na svom putu ka odrasloj ženi.
11:50
and so this really took us to this new level
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I tako nas je to zaista odvelo na novi nivo
11:53
of understanding that personality.
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razumevanja te ličnosti.
11:58
BJ: And of course, through the night, they lay together.
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BŽ: I naravno, tokom noći, ležali su zajedno.
12:01
They ended up sleeping for hours.
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Završili su spavajući satima.
12:03
But I have to tell you --
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Ali, moram da vam kažem --
12:05
everybody always asks, "What happened to the baby baboon?"
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svi uvek pitaju, "Šta se dogodilo bebi babunu?"
12:07
It did die,
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Uginula je.
12:09
and we suspect it was from the freezing winter nights.
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I mi sumnjamo da je to zbog ledenih zimskih noći.
12:13
DJ: So at this stage, I guess,
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DŽ: Dakle, na ovom stadijumu, mislim,
12:15
we had very, very firm ideas
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imali smo jako, jako čvrste ideje
12:17
on what conservation meant.
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o značenju očuvanja.
12:19
We had to deal with these individual personalities.
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Morali smo da se nosimo sa tim individualnim ličnostima.
12:22
We had to deal with them with respect
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Morali smo da se odnosimo prema njima s poštovanjem
12:25
and celebrate them.
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i da ih slavimo. I tako smo
12:27
And so we, with the National Geographic, formed the Big Cats Initiative
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s "Nacionalnom georafijom" pokrenuli Inicijativu velikih mačaka
12:30
to march forward into conservation,
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kako bi koračali napred prema očuvanju,
12:32
taking care of the big cats that we loved --
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čuvanju velikih mačaka koje smo voleli --
12:34
and then had an opportunity to look back over the last 50 years
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i onda imali priliku da pogledamo 50 godina unazad
12:37
to see how well we had all collectively been doing.
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i da vidimo kakav smo napredak zajednički ostvarili.
12:40
So when Beverly and I were born,
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Kada smo Beverli i ja rođeni,
12:42
there were 450,000 lions,
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bilo je 450.000 lavova,
12:44
and today there are 20,000.
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a danas ih ima 20.000.
12:47
Tigers haven't fared any better --
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Ni tigrovi nisu imali bolji put -
12:49
45,000
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sa 45.000
12:51
down to maybe 3,000.
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na možda 3.000.
12:53
BJ: And then cheetahs have crashed
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BŽ: I gepardi su se smanjili
12:55
all the way down to 12,000.
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na svega 12.000.
12:57
Leopards have plummeted
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Leopardi su pali
12:59
from 700,000
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sa 700.000
13:01
down to a mere 50,000.
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na pukih 50.000.
13:03
Now in the extraordinary time
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U ovom izvanrednom vremenu
13:05
that we have worked with Legadema --
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u kom smo radili s Lahadimom,
13:07
which is really over a five-year period --
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što je zapravo period od pet godina --
13:09
10,000 leopards were legally shot
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10.000 leoparda je bilo legalno ubijeno
13:12
by safari hunters.
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od strane safari lovaca.
13:14
And that's not the only leopards
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A to nisu jedini leopardi
13:16
that were being killed through that period.
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koji su ubijeni u tom periodu.
13:18
There's an immense amount of poaching as well,
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Postoji neizmerna količina lovokrađe.
13:21
and so possibly the same amount.
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Moguće čak i u istoj količini.
13:23
It's simply not sustainable.
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Jednostavno nije održivo.
13:25
We admire them,
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Divimo im se,
13:27
and we fear them,
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i bojimo ih se.
13:29
and yet, as man, we want to steal their power.
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A ipak, kao ljudi, želimo da ukrademo njihove moći.
13:34
It used to be the time
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Bila su vremena
13:36
where only kings wore a leopard skin,
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kada su samo kraljevi nosili kožu leoparda,
13:39
but now throughout rituals and ceremonies,
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ali sada kroz rituale i ceremonije
13:41
traditional healers and ministers.
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i tradicionalni iscelitelji i sveštenici.
13:44
And of course, looking at this lion paw
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I naravno, gledajući ovu lavlju šapu
13:47
that has been skinned,
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kojoj je skinuta koža,
13:49
it eerily reminds me
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jezivo me podseća
13:51
of a human hand,
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na ljudsku ruku.
13:53
and that's ironic, because their fate is in our hands.
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A to je ironično, jer je njihova sudbina u našim rukama.
13:56
DJ: There's a burgeoning bone trade.
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DŽ: Trgovina kostima je u procvatu.
13:58
South Africa just released some lion bones onto the market.
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Južna Afrika je upravo izbacila nekoliko lavljih kosti na tržište.
14:01
Lion bones and tiger bones look exactly the same,
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Kosti lava i kosti tigra izgledaju potpuno isto,
14:04
and so in a stroke, the lion bone industry
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i u jednom potezu, industrija lavljih kosti
14:07
is going to wipe out all the tigers.
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će izbrisati sve tigrove.
14:10
So we have a real problem here,
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Dakle, imamo stvarni problem ovde,
14:12
no more so than the lions do, the male lions.
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ne veći od onog koji imaju lavovi, muški lavovi.
14:15
So the 20,000 lion figure that you just saw
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Brojka od 20.000 lavova koju ste upravo videli
14:18
is actually a red herring,
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je zapravo crvena haringa,
14:20
because there may be 3,000 or 4,000 male lions,
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jer postoji možda tri ili 4.000 muških lavova,
14:23
and they all are actually
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i svi su, zapravo,
14:25
infected with the same disease.
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zaraženi istom bolešću.
14:27
I call it complacency --
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Zove se samozadovoljstvo --
14:29
our complacency.
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naše samozadovoljstvo.
14:31
Because there's a sport, there's an activity going on
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Jer postoji sport, postoji aktivnost u toku
14:34
that we're all aware of, that we condone.
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koje smo svi svesni, a koju opraštamo.
14:40
And that's probably because we haven't seen it
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A to je, verovatno, jer je nismo videli
14:42
like we are today.
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kao danas.
14:46
BJ: And you have to know
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BŽ: A morate da znate
14:48
that, when a male lion is killed,
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da, kada je muški lav ubijen,
14:50
it completely disrupts the whole pride.
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potpuno se poremeti ceo čopor.
14:53
A new male comes into the area
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Novi mužjak dođe na to područje
14:55
and takes over the pride,
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i preuzme čopor,
14:57
and, of course, first of all kills all the cubs
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i naravno, prvo ubije sve mladunce
15:00
and possibly some of the females that are defending their cubs.
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i moguće neke ženke koje štite svoje mladunce.
15:03
So we've estimated
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Dakle, mi procenjujemo
15:05
that between 20 [and] 30 lions are killed
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da je između 20 do 30 lavova ubijeno
15:08
when one lion is hanging on a wall
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kada jedan lav visi na zidu
15:11
somewhere in a far-off place.
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negde na dalekom mestu.
15:13
DJ: So what our investigations have shown
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DŽ: Ono što su naša istraživanja pokazala
15:15
is that these lions are essential.
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je da su ti lavovi suštinski važni.
15:17
They're essential to the habitat.
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Oni su suštinski važni za stanište.
15:19
If they disappear,
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Ako oni nestanu,
15:21
whole ecosystems in Africa disappear.
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celi ekosistemi u Africi nestanu.
15:24
There's an 80-billion-dollar-a-year
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80 milijardi dolara godišnje
15:26
ecotourism revenue stream into Africa.
365
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3000
se sliva u Afriku u obliku prihoda od eko-turizma.
15:29
So this is not just a concern about lions;
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Dakle, to nije samo zabrinutost za lavove,
15:32
it's a concern about communities in Africa as well.
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to je istovremeno, zabrinutost za zajednice u Africi.
15:35
If they disappear, all of that goes away.
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Ako oni nestanu, sve to će nestati.
15:38
But what I'm more concerned about in many ways
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Ali ono oko čega sam više zabrinut u mnogo pogleda
15:41
is that, as we de-link ourselves from nature,
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je da, kako se odvajamo od prirode,
15:44
as we de-link ourselves spiritually
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kako se duhovno odvajamo
15:46
from these animals,
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od tih životinja,
15:48
we lose hope,
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gubimo nadu,
15:51
we lose that spiritual connection,
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gubimo tu duhovnu povezanost,
15:54
our dignity, that thing within us
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naše dostojansvo, tu stvar u nama
15:57
that keeps us connected to the planet.
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koja nas povezuje s planetom.
15:59
BJ: So you have to know, looking into the eyes
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BŽ: Morate da znate da, gledajući u oči
16:02
of lions and leopards right now,
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lavovima i leopardima upravo sada,
16:05
it is all about critical awareness.
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se radi o kritičnoj osvešćenosti.
16:07
And so what we are doing,
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I ono što radimo,
16:09
in February, we're bringing out a film called "The Last Lion,"
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u februaru objavljujemo film nazvan "Poslednji lav".
16:12
and "The Last Lion" is exactly
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A "Poslednji lav" je upravo
16:14
what is happening right now.
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ono što se događa baš sada.
16:16
That is the situation we're in --
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To je situacija u kojoj se nalazimo --
16:18
the last lions.
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poslednji lavovi.
16:20
That is, if we don't take action and do something,
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To jest, ukoliko ne preuzmemo akciju i napravimo nešto,
16:22
these plains will be completely devoid
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ove ravnice će biti u potpunosti lišene
16:24
of big cats,
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velikih mačaka,
16:26
and then, in turn, everything else will disappear.
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a onda, zauzvrat, sve ostalo će nestati.
16:29
And simply, if we can't protect them,
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I jednostavno, ako ne možemo da ih zaštimo,
16:31
we're going to have a job protecting ourselves as well.
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imaćemo posla štiteći sebe takođe.
16:34
DJ: And in fact, that original thing that we spoke about
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DŽ: I zapravo, osnovna stvar o kojoj smo pričali
16:37
and designed our lives by --
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i prema kojoj smo dizajnirali naše živote --
16:39
that conservation was all about respect
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je to da je očuvanje bilo uvek o poštovanju
16:41
and celebration --
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i slavlju --
16:43
is probably true. That's really what it needs.
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je verovatno istina; to je ono što je potrebno.
16:46
We need it. We respect and celebrate each other
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Nama to treba. Poštujemo i slavimo jedni druge
16:49
as a man and a woman, as a community
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kao muškarca i kao ženu, kao zajednicu
16:52
and as part of this planet,
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i kao deo ove planete
16:54
and we need to continue that.
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i moramo da nastavimo to.
16:56
And Legadema?
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A Lahadima?
16:58
Well we can report, in fact,
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Možemo saopštiti, zapravo,
17:00
that we're grandparents.
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da smo baka i deka.
17:02
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
17:04
BJ/DJ: Thank you very much.
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BŽ/DŽ: Hvala vam mnogo.
17:06
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Beverly + Dereck Joubert - Conservationists, filmmakersDocumentary filmmakers Beverly and Dereck Joubert have worked to conserve wildlife for more than 25 years. As National Geographic Explorers in Residence, the couple influences public policy and perceptions.
Why you should listen
For nearly three decades, conservationists Beverly and Dereck Joubert have celebrated nature and wildlife in documentaries, books, scientific journals, photographs and magazine articles. The couple’s arresting visual work—which includes the widely viewed film Eternal Enemies: Lions and Hyena -- has earned them five Emmys and many other awards. The Jouberts, both National Geographic Explorers in Residence based in Botswana, are dedicated to understanding and preserving key species throughout the African continent. The couple is particularly interested in large predators, and lead the Big Cats Initiative, a campaign to stop dwindling populations and bolster public awareness.
Beverly and Dereck are also building a new model for preservation as partners in Great Plains Conservation. Striking a balance of preservation, community and commerce, GPC aims to save endangered habitats in Africa and surrounding the Indian Ocean through low-impact tourism and the sale of carbon credits and villas or bush homes.
Their new movie is The Last Lions, opening February 18, 2011.
Beverly + Dereck Joubert | Speaker | TED.com