TEDGlobal 2011
Geoff Mulgan: A short intro to the Studio School
Džef Malgan: Kratak uvod u Studio školu
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Neka deca uče slušajući, druga radeći stvari. Džef Malgan nam daje kratak uvid u Studio školu, novu vrstu škole u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu gde mali timovi dece uče kroz rad na projektima koji su, kako Malgan kaže, "stvarni".
Geoff Mulgan - Social commentator
Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social innovation, social enterprise and public policy that pioneers ideas in fields such as aging, education and poverty reduction. He’s the founder of the think-tank Demos, and the author of "The Art of Public Strategy." Full bio
Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social innovation, social enterprise and public policy that pioneers ideas in fields such as aging, education and poverty reduction. He’s the founder of the think-tank Demos, and the author of "The Art of Public Strategy." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
What I want to talk about today is one idea.
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Ono o čemu danas želim da govorim je jedna ideja.
00:18
It's an idea for a new kind of school,
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To je ideja o novoj vrsti škole,
00:20
which turns on its head much of our conventional thinking
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koja naglavačke okreće konvencionalno mišljenje
00:23
about what schools are for and how they work.
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o tome čemu služe škole i kako rade.
00:25
And it might just be coming to a neighborhood near you soon.
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A uskoro bi mogla stići i u vaš komšiluk.
00:28
Where it comes from
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Ova ideja potiče
00:30
is an organization called the Young Foundation,
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iz organizacije nazvane "Fondacija mladih",
00:32
which, over many decades,
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koja je, tokom mnogih decenija,
00:34
has come up with many innovations in education, like the Open University
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razvila mnoge novine u obrazovanju, kao što je Otvoreni univerzitet
00:37
and things like Extended Schools,
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i stvari kao što su Produžena škola,
00:39
Schools for Social Entrepreneurs, Summer Universities
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Škola za socijalne preduzetnike, Letnji univerziteti
00:42
and the School of Everything.
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i Škola za sve.
00:44
And about five years ago, we asked
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Pre otprilike pet godina, zapitali smo se
00:46
what was the most important need for innovation
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gde je najpotrebnije uvesti inovacije
00:48
in schooling here in the U.K.
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u školstvu Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva.
00:51
And we felt the most important priority
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Osetili smo da je najveći prioritet
00:53
was to bring together two sets of problems.
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dovođenje u vezu dve vrste problema.
00:55
One was large numbers of bored teenagers
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Jedan je bio veliki broj smorenih tinejdžera
00:57
who just didn't like school,
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koji jednostavno nisu voleli školu
00:59
couldn't see any relationship between what they learned in school
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i koji nisu mogli da uvide bilo kakvu vezu između
01:01
and future jobs.
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onoga što su učili u školi i njihovih budućih poslova.
01:03
And employers who kept complaining
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I poslodavci koji su se stalno žalili
01:05
that the kids coming out of school weren't actually ready for real work,
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da mladi koji završavaju školu zapravo nisu spremni za pravi rad,
01:08
didn't have the right attitudes and experience.
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nemaju prave stavove i iskustvo.
01:10
And so we try to ask:
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I zato pokušavamo da postavimo pitanje:
01:12
What kind of school would have the teenagers fighting to get in,
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kakva će to vrsta škole naterati tinejdžere da se bore da ostanu u njoj,
01:14
not fighting to stay out?
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umesto da se bore da ostanu izvan nje.
01:17
And after hundreds of conversations
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Nakon stotina razgovora
01:19
with teenagers and teachers and parents
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sa tinejdžerima, nastavnicima, roditeljima,
01:21
and employers and schools
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poslodavcima i školama
01:23
from Paraguay to Australia,
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od Paragvaja do Australije
01:25
and looking at some of the academic research,
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i pretrage nekih akademskih istraživanja
01:27
which showed the importance
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koje ukazuje na značaj
01:29
of what's now called non-cognitive skills --
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onoga što sada nazivamo nekognitivnim veštinama --
01:31
the skills of motivation, resilience --
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veštine motivacije, otpornosti --
01:34
and that these are as important
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i na to da su ove podjednako značajne
01:36
as the cognitive skills -- formal academic skills --
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kao i kognitivne veštine -- formalne akademske veštine --
01:38
we came up with an answer, a very simple answer in a way,
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naišli smo na odgovor, na neki način veoma jednostavan odgovor
01:41
which we called the Studio School.
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koji smo nazvali Studio škola.
01:43
And we called it a studio school
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Nazvali smo je Studio škola
01:45
to go back to the original idea of a studio in the Renaissance
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da bismo se vratili na originalnu ideju studija iz Renesanse
01:49
where work and learning are integrated.
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gde su rad i učenje bili integrisani.
01:51
You work by learning,
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Radite učeći
01:53
and you learn by working.
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i učite radeći.
01:55
And the design we came up with had the following characteristics.
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Dizajn koji smo napravili imao je sledeće osobine.
01:58
First of all, we wanted small schools --
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Pre svega, želeli smo male škole --
02:00
about 300, 400 pupils --
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sa oko 300 do 400 učenika --
02:02
14 to 19 year-olds,
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starih od 14 do 19 godina,
02:04
and critically, about 80 percent of the curriculum done
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i najvažnije, sa oko 80 odsto nastave koja se odvija,
02:07
not through sitting in classrooms,
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ne kroz sedenje u učionicama,
02:09
but through real-life, practical projects,
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već kroz praktične projekte iz svakodnevnog života,
02:11
working on commission
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radeći za proviziju
02:13
to businesses, NGO's and others.
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za preduzeća, nevladine organizacije i druge.
02:15
That every pupil would have a coach, as well as teachers,
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Svaki učenik bi imao svog trenera, kao i nastavnike,
02:18
who would have timetables
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i imao bi raspored nalik
02:20
much more like a work environment in a business.
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radnom okruženju u nekom preduzeću.
02:22
And all of this will be done within the public system,
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Sve ovo bi bilo urađeno u okviru državnog sistema,
02:24
funded by public money,
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finansirano državnim novcem,
02:26
but independently run.
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ali nezavisno vođeno.
02:28
And all at no extra cost, no selection,
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I sve to bez dodatnih troškova, bez selekcije,
02:31
and allowing the pupils the route into university,
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dozvoljavajući učenicima da nastave školovanje na univerzitetu,
02:34
even if many of them would want to become entrepreneurs
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čak iako bi mnogi od njih poželeli da postanu preduzimači
02:37
and have manual jobs as well.
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i isto tako da rade fizičke poslove.
02:39
Underlying it was some very simple ideas
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Iza svega ovoga je nekoliko jednostavnih ideja:
02:42
that large numbers of teenagers learn best by doing things,
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da veliki broj tinejdžera najbolje uči radeći stvari,
02:45
they learn best in teams
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najbolje uči u timovima
02:47
and they learn best by doing things for real --
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i najbolje uči radeći na realnim stvarima --
02:50
all the opposite of what mainstream schooling
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što je potpuno suprotno od onoga što opšte školovanje
02:52
actually does.
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zapravo radi.
02:54
Now that was a nice idea,
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To je bila jedna dobra ideja,
02:56
so we moved into the rapid prototyping phase.
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tako da smo prešli na brzu fazu izrade prototipa.
02:59
We tried it out,
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Isprobali smo je,
03:01
first in Luton --
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prvo u Lutonu --
03:03
famous for its airport and not much else, I fear --
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koji je poznat, bojim se, samo po svom aerodromu --
03:05
and in Blackpool -- famous for its beaches and leisure.
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i u Blekpulu -- poznatom po plažama i dokolici.
03:08
And what we found -- and we got quite a lot of things wrong
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Ono što smo otkrili -- a puno stvari smo pogrešno uradili
03:10
and then improved them --
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a onda ih ispravili --
03:12
but we found that the young people loved it.
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ali otkrili smo da se mladim ljudima to dopalo.
03:14
They found it much more motivational, much more exciting
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Smatrali su da je to mnogo više motivišuće, mnogo uzbudljivije
03:17
than traditional education.
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od tradicionalnog obrazovanja.
03:19
And perhaps most important of all,
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I verovatno najvažnije od svega,
03:21
two years later when the exam results came through,
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dve godine kasnije, kada su rezultati ispita bili gotovi,
03:24
the pupils who had been put on these field trials
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učenici koji su bili u ovim probnim grupama
03:26
who were in the lowest performing groups
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koji su pokazali najslabiji učinak
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had jumped right to the top --
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popeli su se pravo na vrh --
03:30
in fact, pretty much at the top decile of performance
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zapravo, bili su na samom vrhu po učinku
03:33
in terms of GCSE's,
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u smislu uspeha na maturi,
03:35
which is the British marking system.
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što je britanski sistem ocenjivanja.
03:38
Now not surprisingly,
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Nije bilo iznenađujuće
03:40
that influenced some people to think we were onto something.
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što je to uticalo na neke ljude da pomisle da smo na tragu nečega.
03:43
The minister of education
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Ministar prosvete
03:45
down south in London
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južnije u Londonu
03:47
described himself as a "big fan."
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sebe je opisao kao "velikog obožavaoca".
03:49
And the business organizations thought we were onto something
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Poslovne organizacije su mislile da smo na tragu nečega
03:52
in terms of a way of preparing children much better
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u smislu načina bolje pripreme dece
03:54
for real-life work today.
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za prave poslove današnjice.
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And indeed, the head of the Chambers of Commerce
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I zaista, načelnik Privredne komore
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is now the chairman of the Studio Schools Trust
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je sada predsedavajući fonda Studio škola
04:01
and helping it, not just with big businesses,
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i pomaže ga, ne samo sa velikim preduzećima,
04:04
but small businesses all over the country.
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već i sa malim preduzećima širom zemlje.
04:07
We started with two schools.
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Počeli smo sa dve škole.
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That's grown this year to about 10.
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Ove godine je to naraslo na 10.
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And next year, we're expecting about 35 schools
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Sledeće godine, očekujemo oko 35 otvorenih škola
04:14
open across England,
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širom Engleske
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and another 40 areas
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i još 40 oblasti
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want to have their own schools opening --
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žele da otvore svoje škole --
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a pretty rapid spread
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što je prilično brzo širenje
04:22
of this idea.
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ove ideje.
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Interestingly,
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Ono što je zanimljivo,
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it's happened almost entirely without media coverage.
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ovo se dogodilo bez skoro ikakvog medijskog pokrića.
04:29
It's happened almost entirely without big money behind it.
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Skoro se potpuno odvilo bez mnogo uloženog novca.
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It spread almost entirely through word of mouth, virally,
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Skoro se u potpunosti raširilo usmenom rečju, virusno,
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across teachers, parents,
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putem učitelja, roditelja,
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people involved in education.
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ljudi koji su uključeni u obrazovanje.
04:41
And it spread because of the power of an idea --
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Raširilo se zahvaljujući moći jedne ideje --
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so the very, very simple idea
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dakle veoma, veoma jednostavne ideje
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about turning education on its head
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o preokretu obrazovanja
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and putting the things which were marginal,
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i postavljanju marginalizovanih stvari
04:50
things like working in teams, doing practical projects,
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poput rada u timovima, rada na praktičnim projektima,
04:53
and putting them right at the heart of learning,
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o njihovom postavljanju u samo srce učenja,
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rather than on the edges.
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radije nego na ivice.
04:59
Now there's a whole set of new schools
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Sada imamo veliki broj novih škola
05:01
opening up this autumn.
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koje se otvaraju ove jeseni.
05:03
This is one from Yorkshire
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Ovo je jedna iz Jorkšira
05:05
where, in fact, my nephew, I hope, will be able to attend it.
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koju će, kako se nadam, moj nećak pohađati.
05:08
And this one is focused
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Ova je fokusirana
05:10
on creative and media industries.
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na kreativnu i medijsku industriju.
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Other ones have a focus on health care,
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Druge su usresređene na zdravstvenu zaštitu,
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tourism, engineering
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turizam, inženjerstvo
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and other fields.
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i druge oblasti.
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We think we're onto something.
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Mislimo da smo na tragu nečega.
05:20
It's not perfect yet,
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Još uvek nije savršeno,
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but we think this is one idea
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ali mislimo da je ovo ideja
05:24
which can transform the lives
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koja može promeniti živote
05:26
of thousands, possibly millions, of teenagers
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hiljada, možda i miliona tinejdžera
05:28
who are really bored by schooling.
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kojima škola stvarno dosađuje.
05:30
It doesn't animate them.
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Ne animira ih.
05:32
They're not like all of you who can sit in rows
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Oni nisu kao vi, koji možete da sedite u redovima
05:35
and hear things said to you for hour after hour.
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i slušate govore iz sata u sat.
05:38
They want to do things, they want to get their hands dirty,
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Oni žele da rade, da uprljaju ruke,
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they want education to be for real.
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žele da obrazovanje bude realnije.
05:44
And my hope is that some of you out there
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Moja je nada da će neki od vas
05:46
may be able to help us.
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biti u mogućnosti da nam pomognu.
05:48
We feel we're on the beginning of a journey
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Osećamo da smo na početku putovanja
05:51
of experiment and improvement
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eksperimenata i poboljšanja
05:53
to turn the Studio School idea
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koji će ideju o Studio školama pretvoriti
05:55
into something which is present,
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u nešto što je oko nas,
05:58
not as a universal answer for every child,
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ne kao univerzalni odgovor za svako dete,
06:00
but at least as an answer for some children in every part of the world.
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nego barem kao odgovor za neku decu iz svakog dela sveta.
06:03
And I hope that a few of you at least can help us make that happen.
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Nadam se da makar nekoliko vas može da nam pomogne da ostvarimo to.
06:06
Thank you very much.
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Mnogo vam hvala.
06:08
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Geoff Mulgan - Social commentatorGeoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social innovation, social enterprise and public policy that pioneers ideas in fields such as aging, education and poverty reduction. He’s the founder of the think-tank Demos, and the author of "The Art of Public Strategy."
Why you should listen
Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social innovation, social enterprise and public policy with a 50-year history of creating new organisations and pioneering ideas in fields as varied as aging, education, healthcare and poverty reduction.
Before the Young Foundation, Geoff Mulgan has held various roles in the UK government including director of the Government's Strategy Unit and head of policy in the Prime Minister's office, and he was the founder of the think-tank Demos. He is chairing a Carnegie Inquiry into the Future of Civil Society in the UK and Ireland. His most recent book is The Art of Public Strategy: Mobilising Power and Knowledge for the Common Good.
Geoff Mulgan | Speaker | TED.com