TEDxBeaconStreet
Steven Schwaitzberg: A universal translator for surgeons
Stiven Švajcberg (Steven Schwaitzberg): Univerzalni prevodilac za hirurge
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Readability: 4.1
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Laparoskopske operacije koriste minimalno invazivne rezove - što za pacijente znači manje bola i kraće vreme oporavka. Ali Stiven Švajcberg se susreo sa dva problema dok je hirurge širom sveta učio ovim tehnikama - jezik i daljina. On nam priča o tome kako jedna nova tehnologija može da pomogne - ona kombinuje video konferenciju i univerzalni prevodilac u stvarnom vremenu. (Snimljeno na TEDxBeaconStreet.)
Steven Schwaitzberg - Surgeon and technologist
Dr. Steven Schwaitzberg is on a mission to teach surgeons around the world to perform minimally invasive surgery. But first, he's had to find the right technology to allow communication across the language barrier. Full bio
Dr. Steven Schwaitzberg is on a mission to teach surgeons around the world to perform minimally invasive surgery. But first, he's had to find the right technology to allow communication across the language barrier. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
So I want to talk to you about two things tonight.
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Večeras želim da vam govorim
o dve stvari.
o dve stvari.
00:19
Number one:
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Prva:
00:22
Teaching surgery and doing surgery
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obrazovanje hirurga i hirurgija
00:25
is really hard.
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su veoma teški.
00:27
And second,
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A druga je
00:29
that language is one of the most profound things
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da je jezik jedna od najosnovnijih stvari
00:31
that separate us all over the world.
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koje nas razdvajaju širom sveta.
00:35
And in my little corner of the world,
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A u mom malom delu sveta,
00:36
these two things are actually related,
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ove dve stvari su u stvari povezane
00:38
and I want to tell you how tonight.
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i večeras želim da vam kažem kako.
00:40
Now, nobody wants an operation.
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Niko ne želi operaciju.
00:44
Who here has had surgery?
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Ko od prisutnih je imao operaciju?
00:48
Did you want it?
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Da li ste je želeli?
00:50
Keep your hands up if you wanted an operation.
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Držite ruke gore ako ste
želeli operaciju.
želeli operaciju.
00:51
Nobody wants an operation.
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Niko ne želi operaciju.
00:53
In particular, nobody wants an operation
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Tačnije, niko ne želi operaciju
00:56
with tools like these through large incisions
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sa instrumentima poput ovog,
preko velikih rezova
preko velikih rezova
01:02
that cause a lot of pain,
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koji prouzrokuju mnogo bola,
01:04
that cause a lot of time out of work or out of school,
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zbog kojih gubimo mnogo vremena
na poslu ili u školi,
na poslu ili u školi,
01:07
that leave a big scar.
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koji ostavljaju veliki ožiljak.
01:10
But if you have to have an operation,
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Ali ukoliko morate da imate operaciju,
01:13
what you really want is a minimally invasive operation.
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ono što zaista želite je da ona bude
minimalno invazivna.
minimalno invazivna.
01:15
That's what I want to talk to you about tonight --
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To je ono o čemu želim
večeras da vam pričam -
večeras da vam pričam -
01:17
how doing and teaching this type of surgery
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kako su nas ovi tipovi operacija
01:20
led us on a search
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doveli do potrage
01:21
for a better universal translator.
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za boljim univerzalnim prevodiocem.
01:24
Now, this type of surgery is hard,
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Ovaj tip operacija je težak,
01:26
and it starts by putting people to sleep,
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počinje uspavljivanjem ljudi,
01:30
putting carbon dioxide in their abdomen,
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punjenjem njihovog abdomena
ugljen-dioksidom,
ugljen-dioksidom,
01:32
blowing them up like a balloon,
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naduvavanjem ljudi kao balona,
01:34
sticking one of these sharp pointy things into their abdomen --
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guranjem jedne od ovih oštrih stvarčica
u njihov abdomen -
u njihov abdomen -
01:39
it's dangerous stuff --
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što je opasna stvar -
01:42
and taking instruments and watching it on a TV screen.
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i uzimanjem instrumenata
i praćenjem na TV ekranu.
i praćenjem na TV ekranu.
01:47
So let's see what it looks like.
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Hajde da vidimo kako to izgleda.
01:49
So this is gallbladder surgery.
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Ovo je operacija žučne kese.
01:51
We perform a million of these a year
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Radimo ih na milione godišnje
01:53
in the United States alone.
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uzimajući u obzir samo one u Americi.
01:55
This is the real thing. There's no blood.
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Ovo je prava stvar. Nema krvi.
01:57
And you can see how focused the surgeons are,
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Možete da vidite koliko su
hirurzi usredsređeni,
hirurzi usredsređeni,
02:00
how much concentration it takes.
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koliko je koncentracije potrebno za ovo.
02:03
You can see it in their faces.
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Možete to da vidite na njihovim licima.
02:04
It's hard to teach, and it's not all that easy to learn.
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Teško je naučiti nekoga ovome
i teško je nekome da to nauči.
i teško je nekome da to nauči.
02:11
We do about five million of these in the United States
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Radimo oko pet miliona
ovih operacija u Americi
ovih operacija u Americi
02:13
and maybe 20 million of these worldwide.
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i možda 20 miliona na celom svetu.
02:18
All right, you've all heard the term:
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U redu, svi smo čuli izraz:
02:21
"He's a born surgeon."
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"On je rođeni hirurg."
02:23
Let me tell you, surgeons are not born.
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Dozvolite mi da vam kažem,
hirurzi nisu rođeni.
hirurzi nisu rođeni.
02:26
Surgeons are not made either.
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Hirurzi se čak ni ne stvaraju.
02:30
There are no little tanks where we're making surgeons.
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Ne postoje mali rezervoari
u kojima pravimo hirurge.
u kojima pravimo hirurge.
02:33
Surgeons are trained one step at a time.
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Hirurzi se obučavaju korak po korak.
02:38
It starts with a foundation, basic skills.
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Počinjemo sa osnovama,
osnovnim veštinama.
osnovnim veštinama.
02:42
We build on that and we take people, hopefully, to the operating room
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Krećemo od toga i uvodimo ih,
u idealnim uslovima, u operacione sale
u idealnim uslovima, u operacione sale
02:46
where they learn to be an assistant.
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gde uče kako da budu asistenti.
02:48
Then we teach them to be a surgeon in training.
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Onda ih učimo kako da budu hirurzi na praksi.
02:50
And when they do all of that for about five years,
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I onda, kada se bave time
otprilike pet godina,
otprilike pet godina,
02:53
they get the coveted board certification.
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oni dobijaju dugo priželjikavani
sertifikat komore.
sertifikat komore.
02:57
If you need surgery, you want to be operated on
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Ako vam je potrebna operacija,
želite da vas operiše
želite da vas operiše
02:59
by a board-certified surgeon.
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hirurg koji ima ovaj sertifikat.
03:02
You get your board certificate,
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Posle dobijanja sertifikata,
03:04
and you can go out into practice.
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možete da radite.
03:06
And eventually, if you're lucky, you achieve mastery.
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I konačno, ako imate sreće,
dostići ćete savršenstvo.
dostići ćete savršenstvo.
03:10
Now that foundation is so important
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Osnova o kojoj sam govorio
je toliko bitna
je toliko bitna
03:14
that a number of us
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da je jedan deo nas
03:16
from the largest general surgery society in the United States, SAGES,
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iz najvećeg društva za opštu hirurgiju
u SAD, "SAGES",
u SAD, "SAGES",
03:20
started in the late 1990s a training program
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krajem '90-ih godina započeo
program obuke
program obuke
03:23
that would assure that every surgeon who practices minimally invasive surgery
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koji bi osigurao da svaki hirurg koji se bavi
minimalno invazivnom hirurgijom
minimalno invazivnom hirurgijom
03:27
would have a strong foundation of knowledge and skills
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ima dobro osnovno znanje
i potrebne veštine
i potrebne veštine
03:32
necessary to go on and do procedures.
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koje su neophodne da bi vršili operacije.
03:34
Now the science behind this is so potent
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Nauka na kojoj se ovo zasniva
je toliko značajna
je toliko značajna
03:38
that it became required by the American Board of Surgery
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da Američka hirurška komora
zahteva ovaj program
zahteva ovaj program
03:42
in order for a young surgeon to become board certified.
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kao preduslov da bi jedan mladi hirurg
dobio njihov sertifikat.
dobio njihov sertifikat.
03:46
It's not a lecture, it's not a course,
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To nije predavanje, nije kurs,
03:49
it's all of that plus a high-stakes assessment.
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to je sve to uz dodatne
zadatke visokog rizika.
zadatke visokog rizika.
03:53
It's hard.
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Teško je.
03:55
Now just this past year,
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Samo ove protekle godine,
03:58
one of our partners, the American College of Surgeons,
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jedan od naših partnera,
Američki koledž za hirurge,
Američki koledž za hirurge,
04:01
teamed up with us to make an announcement
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objavio je u saradnji sa nama obaveštenje
04:03
that all surgeons should be FLS (Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery)-certified
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da bi svi hirurzi trebalo da imaju
sertifikat iz osnova laparoskopskih operacija
sertifikat iz osnova laparoskopskih operacija
04:07
before they do minimally invasive surgery.
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pre nego što počnu da rade
minimalno invazivne operacije.
minimalno invazivne operacije.
04:10
And are we talking about just people here in the U.S. and Canada?
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Da li govorimo samo o ljudima
ovde, u Americi i Kanadi?
ovde, u Americi i Kanadi?
04:13
No, we just said all surgeons.
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Ne, mislili smo na sve hirurge.
04:15
So to lift this education and training worldwide
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Proširenje ovog obrazovanja i obuke
širom sveta
širom sveta
04:20
is a very large task,
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je veoma zahtevan zadatak,
04:21
something I'm very personally excited about as we travel around the world.
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nešto zbog čega sam lično veoma uzbuđen
dok putujemo širom sveta.
dok putujemo širom sveta.
04:25
SAGES does surgery all over the world, teaching and educating surgeons.
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"SAGES" radi operacije širom sveta,
podučavajući i obrazujući hirurge.
podučavajući i obrazujući hirurge.
04:30
So we have a problem, and one of the problems is distance.
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Ali tu postoje problemi,
jedan od kojih je daljina.
jedan od kojih je daljina.
04:34
We can't travel everywhere.
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Ne možemo svuda da putujemo.
04:36
We need to make the world a smaller place.
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Moramo svet da učinimo manjim.
04:39
And I think that we can develop some tools to do so.
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I smatram da možemo da razvijemo
određena sredstva za to.
određena sredstva za to.
04:41
And one of the tools I like personally is using video.
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Jedno od ovih sredstava koje ja lično volim
jeste upotreba video snimaka.
jeste upotreba video snimaka.
04:45
So I was inspired by a friend.
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Inspirisao me je jedan prijatelj.
04:48
This is Allan Okrainec from Toronto.
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Ovo je Alan Okrenik iz Toronta.
04:50
And he proved
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On je dokazao
04:53
that you could actually teach people to do surgery
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da je u stvari moguće naučiti ljude
da izvode operacije
da izvode operacije
04:57
using video conferencing.
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putem video konferencija.
05:00
So here's Allan teaching an English-speaking surgeon in Africa
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Ovo je Alan dok uči jednog hirurga
koji govori engleski u Africi
koji govori engleski u Africi
05:04
these basic fundamental skills
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osnovnim veštinama
05:06
necessary to do minimally invasive surgery.
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potrebnim za minimalno invazivne operacije.
05:09
Very inspiring.
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Veoma nadahnjujuće.
05:11
But for this examination, which is really hard,
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Ali kada je u pitanju ispit,
koji je veoma težak,
koji je veoma težak,
05:15
we have a problem.
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postoji problem.
05:17
Even people who say they speak English,
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Čak i od ljudi koji tvrde da znaju engleski,
05:20
only 14 percent pass.
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samo 14 procenata položi ispit.
05:22
Because for them it's not a surgery test,
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Zato što za njih to nije test iz hirurgije,
05:24
it's an English test.
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nego test engleskog.
05:28
Let me bring it to you locally.
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Hajde da vam to predstavim na primeru.
05:30
I work at the Cambridge Hospital.
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Ja radim u bolnici Kembridž.
05:32
It's the primary Harvard Medical School teaching facility.
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Ona je prva ustanova za obuku
Harvardske medicinske škole.
Harvardske medicinske škole.
05:35
We have more than 100 translators covering 63 languages,
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Imamo više od 100 prevodilaca
koji rade sa 63 jezika
koji rade sa 63 jezika
05:40
and we spend millions of dollars just in our little hospital.
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i trošimo milione dolara
samo u našoj maloj bolnici.
samo u našoj maloj bolnici.
05:45
It's a big labor-intensive effort.
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To je veoma naporan poduhvat.
05:47
If you think about the worldwide burden
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Ako zamislite svetski problem
05:51
of trying to talk to your patients --
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pri razgovoru sa pacijentima -
05:53
not just teaching surgeons, just trying to talk to your patients --
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ne samo za obuku hirurga,
i za razgovor sa pacijentima -
i za razgovor sa pacijentima -
05:56
there aren't enough translators in the world.
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ne postoji dovoljno prevodilaca na svetu.
05:59
We need to employ technology to assist us in this quest.
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Potrebno nam je da uključimo tehnologiju
da nam pomogne u ovoj misiji.
da nam pomogne u ovoj misiji.
06:05
At our hospital we see everybody from Harvard professors
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U našoj bolnici viđamo svakakve ljude
od profesora na Harvardu,
od profesora na Harvardu,
06:08
to people who just got here last week.
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do ljudi koji su stigli u državu
pre nedelju dana.
pre nedelju dana.
06:10
And you have no idea how hard it is
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Nemate predstavu koliko je teško
06:13
to talk to somebody or take care of somebody you can't talk to.
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pričati s nekim ili se brinuti za nekoga
s kim ne možete da razgovarate.
s kim ne možete da razgovarate.
06:16
And there isn't always a translator available.
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I prevodioci nisu uvek dostupni.
06:19
So we need tools.
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Zato su nam potrebne alatke.
06:23
We need a universal translator.
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Potreban nam je univerzalni prevodilac.
06:27
One of the things that I want to leave you with as you think about this talk
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Jedna od stvari koje želim da se setite
kada budete razmišljali o ovom govoru
kada budete razmišljali o ovom govoru
06:31
is that this talk is not just about us preaching to the world.
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jeste da ovaj govor nije samo
propovedanje svetu.
propovedanje svetu.
06:37
It's really about setting up a dialogue.
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Ovo je u stvari jedan dijalog.
06:39
We have a lot to learn.
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Imamo mnogo toga da naučimo.
06:41
Here in the United States we spend more money per person
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Ovde u SAD
trošimo više novca po osobi
trošimo više novca po osobi
06:45
for outcomes that are not better than many countries in the world.
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za stvari koje nisu ništa bolje nego u
nekim drugim državama u svetu.
nekim drugim državama u svetu.
06:49
Maybe we have something to learn as well.
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Možda i mi imamo ponešto da naučimo.
06:53
So I'm passionate about teaching these FLS skills all over the world.
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Veoma sam strastven kada je u pitanju
podučavanje osnova laparaskopije u svetu.
podučavanje osnova laparaskopije u svetu.
06:57
This past year I've been in Latin America, I've been in China,
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Prošle godine sam bio u Latinskoj Americi,
bio sam u Kini
bio sam u Kini
07:01
talking about the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery.
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i govorio sam o osnovama
laparoskopskih operacija.
laparoskopskih operacija.
07:04
And everywhere I go the barrier is:
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I svugde gde odem prepreka je:
07:08
"We want this, but we need it in our language."
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"Želimo ovo, ali nam je potrebno
da to bude na našem jeziku."
da to bude na našem jeziku."
07:12
So here's what we think we want to do:
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Evo šta mislimo da želimo da uradimo:
07:15
Imagine giving a lecture
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zamislite da držite predavanje
07:18
and being able to talk to people in their own native language simultaneously.
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i da ste sposobni da ljudima istovremeno
govorite na njihovom jeziku.
govorite na njihovom jeziku.
07:23
I want to talk to the people in Asia, Latin America, Africa, Europe
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Želim da pričam sa ljudima u
Aziji, Latinskoj Americi, Africi, Evropi
Aziji, Latinskoj Americi, Africi, Evropi
07:28
seamlessly, accurately
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bez prepreka, tačno
07:33
and in a cost-effective fashion using technology.
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i na isplativ način,
uz pomoć tehnologije.
uz pomoć tehnologije.
07:37
And it has to be bi-directional.
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I to mora biti u oba smera.
07:39
They have to be able to teach us something as well.
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Oni moraju biti u mogućnosti
da i nas nečemu nauče.
da i nas nečemu nauče.
07:42
It's a big task.
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To je veliki zadatak.
07:43
So we looked for a universal translator; I thought there would be one out there.
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I tako smo potražili univerzalni prevodilac;
mislio sam da postoji neki u svetu.
mislio sam da postoji neki u svetu.
07:46
Your webpage has translation, your cellphone has translation,
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Veb stranice imaju prevod,
telefoni imaju prevod,
telefoni imaju prevod,
07:50
but nothing that's good enough to teach surgery.
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ali ništa od toga nije dovoljno dobro
da bi se podučavale operacije.
da bi se podučavale operacije.
07:56
Because we need a lexicon. What is a lexicon?
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Zato što nam je potreban leksikon.
Šta je leksikon?
Šta je leksikon?
07:58
A lexicon is a body of words that describes a domain.
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Leksikon je korpus reči
koji opisuje jednu oblast.
koji opisuje jednu oblast.
08:02
I need to have a health care lexicon.
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Meni je potreban leksikon
zdravstvene zaštite.
zdravstvene zaštite.
08:05
And in that I need a surgery lexicon.
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I u okviru njega mi je potreban
leksikon hirurgije.
leksikon hirurgije.
08:08
That's a tall order. We have to work at it.
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To je veliki zahtev.
Moramo da radimo na njemu.
Moramo da radimo na njemu.
08:12
So let me show you what we're doing.
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Dozvolite mi da vam pokažem
šta mi radimo.
šta mi radimo.
08:14
This is research -- can't buy it.
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Ovo je istraživanje -
ne možete ga kupiti.
ne možete ga kupiti.
08:17
We're working with the folks at IBM Research from the Accessibility Center
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Radimo sa ljudima iz IBM-ove grupe za istraživanje
iz Centra za pristupačnost (Accessibility Center)
iz Centra za pristupačnost (Accessibility Center)
08:21
to string together technologies to work towards the universal translator.
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kako bismo povezali tehnologije u radu
ka razvijanju univerzalnog prevodioca.
ka razvijanju univerzalnog prevodioca.
08:26
It starts with a framework system
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To počinje sa okvirom
08:28
where when the surgeon delivers the lecture
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u koji kada hirurg održi lekciju
08:31
using a framework of captioning technology,
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koristeći tehnologiju natpisa
08:34
we then add another technology to do video conferencing.
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dodajemo još jedan deo tehnologije
pri video konferencijama.
pri video konferencijama.
08:38
But we don't have the words yet, so we add a third technology.
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Ali još uvek nemamo reči i zato
dodajemo jednu treću tehnologiju.
dodajemo jednu treću tehnologiju.
08:42
And now we've got the words,
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I sada imamo reči
08:45
and we can apply the special sauce: the translation.
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i možemo da primenimo
poseban sastojak: prevod.
poseban sastojak: prevod.
08:49
We get the words up in a window and then apply the magic.
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Prikažemo reči na ekranu
i onda izvedemo čudo.
i onda izvedemo čudo.
08:53
We work with a fourth technology.
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Radimo sa četvrtom tehnologijom.
08:56
And we currently have access to eleven language pairs.
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Trenutno radimo sa
jedanaest parova jezika.
jedanaest parova jezika.
09:00
More to come as we think about trying to make the world a smaller place.
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Još toga sledi dok razmišljamo o tome
kako svet da načinimo manjim mestom.
kako svet da načinimo manjim mestom.
09:04
And I'd like to show you our prototype
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Želeo bih da vam pokažem prototip
09:07
of stringing all of these technologies that don't necessarily always talk to each other
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povezivanja svih ovih tehnologija,
koje baš i ne sarađuju svaki put,
koje baš i ne sarađuju svaki put,
09:12
to become something useful.
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da bi postale nešto korisno.
09:15
Narrator: Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery.
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Narator: Osnove laparoskopskih operacija
09:19
Module five: manual skills practice.
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Peti modul: uvežbavanje manuelnih veštna.
09:23
Students may display captions in their native language.
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Studenti mogu da prikažu natpise
na svom maternjem jeziku.
na svom maternjem jeziku.
09:30
Steven Schwaitzberg: If you're in Latin America,
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Stiven Švajcberg:
Ako ste u Latinskoj Americi,
Ako ste u Latinskoj Americi,
09:32
you click the "I want it in Spanish" button
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kliknete na dugme:
"Želim to na španskom"
"Želim to na španskom"
09:34
and out it comes in real time in Spanish.
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i natpis se poljavljuje na španskom
u realnom vremenu.
u realnom vremenu.
09:37
But if you happen to be sitting in Beijing at the same time,
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Ali ako ste u tom trenutku u Pekingu
09:40
by using technology in a constructive fashion,
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upotrebom ove tehnologije
na koristan način
na koristan način
09:43
you could get it in Mandarin or you could get it in Russian --
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možete da dobijete natpis
na mandarinskom ili na ruskom -
na mandarinskom ili na ruskom -
09:47
on and on and on, simultaneously without the use of human translators.
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i tako dalje, istovremeno,
bez upotrebe prevodilaca.
bez upotrebe prevodilaca.
09:52
But that's the lectures.
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Ali to su predavanja.
09:54
If you remember what I told you about FLS at the beginning,
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Ako se sećate šta sam vam rekao
o osnovama laparoskopskih operacija na početku
o osnovama laparoskopskih operacija na početku
09:57
it's knowledge and skills.
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to podrazumeva znanje i veštine.
10:00
The difference in an operation
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Razlika između uspešne
10:03
between doing something successfully and not
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i neuspešne operacije
10:07
may be moving your hand this much.
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može biti ovako malo pomeranje ruku.
10:11
So we're going to take it one step further;
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Povešćemo ovo korak dalje;
10:13
we've brought my friend Allan back.
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evo mog prijatelja Alana ponovo.
10:15
Allan Okrainec: Today we're going to practice suturing.
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Alan Okrenik:
Danas ćemo vežbati ušivanje.
Danas ćemo vežbati ušivanje.
10:20
This is how you hold the needle.
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Igla se drži ovako.
10:22
Grab the needle at the tip.
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Uhvati je pri vrhu.
10:28
It's important to be accurate.
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Važno je biti precizan.
10:30
Aim for the black dots.
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Ciljaj crne tačkice.
10:34
Orient your loop this way.
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Okreni petlju ka ovamo.
10:37
Now go ahead and cut.
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Sada možeš da presečeš.
10:42
Very good Oscar. I'll see you next week.
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Veoma dobro, Oskare.
Vidimo se sledeće nedelje.
Vidimo se sledeće nedelje.
10:46
SS: So that's what we're working on
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SŠ: Dakle, to je ono
na čemu radimo
na čemu radimo
10:49
in our quest for the universal translator.
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u našoj potrazi
za univerzalnim prevodiocem.
za univerzalnim prevodiocem.
10:52
We want it to be bi-directional.
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Želimo da on bude dvosmeran.
10:54
We have a need to learn as well as to teach.
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Imamo potrebu da učimo
kao i da podučavamo.
kao i da podučavamo.
10:58
I can think of a million uses for a tool like this.
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Mogu da zamislim milione upotreba
alatke kao što je ova.
alatke kao što je ova.
11:02
As we think about intersecting technologies --
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Dok razmiljamo o ukrštanju tehnologija -
11:05
everybody has a cell phone with a camera --
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svako ima telefon sa kamerom -
11:07
we could use this everywhere,
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mogli bismo ovo da upotrebimo svuda,
11:09
whether it be health care, patient care,
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bez obzira da li su u pitanju
zdravstvo, nega pacijenata,
zdravstvo, nega pacijenata,
11:11
engineering, law, conferencing, translating videos.
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mašinstvo, pravo, konferencije,
prevođenje snimaka.
prevođenje snimaka.
11:16
This is a ubiquitous tool.
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To je alatka koja se može primeniti svuda.
11:18
In order to break down our barriers,
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Kako bismo porušili zidove
11:21
we have to learn to talk to people,
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moramo da naučimo
da razgovaramo s ljudima,
da razgovaramo s ljudima,
11:22
to demand that people work on translation.
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da zahtevamo od ljudi
da rade na prevodu.
da rade na prevodu.
11:26
We need it for our everyday life,
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Potrebno nam je to
u svakodnevnom životu
u svakodnevnom životu
11:29
in order to make the world a smaller place.
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kako bismo svet načinili
manjim mestom.
manjim mestom.
11:32
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam puno.
11:33
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Steven Schwaitzberg - Surgeon and technologistDr. Steven Schwaitzberg is on a mission to teach surgeons around the world to perform minimally invasive surgery. But first, he's had to find the right technology to allow communication across the language barrier.
Why you should listen
Steven Schwaitzberg, MD, is a pioneer in the field of minimally invasive surgery. Over the course of his career, he has worked on developing the techniques and certification standards for this type of surgery, which is far less painful for patients and allows them to return to their normal lives sooner than with traditional surgery.
Schwaitzberg is the Chief of Surgery at the Cambridge Health Alliance at the Harvard Medical School Teaching Hospital. He recently served as the president of SAGES (Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons), a national organization that seeks to advance surgery and improve patient care. Now, he has his eye on teaching minimally invasive surgery techniques to surgeons who live and work across the globe -- a task which has led him on a hunt for the right technology to allow for video conferencing and real-time translation in a surgeon’s native language.
Steven Schwaitzberg | Speaker | TED.com