TED2013
Danny Hillis: The Internet could crash. We need a Plan B
Deni Hilis (Danny Hillis): Internet bi mogao da se sruši. Treba nam plan B
Filmed:
Readability: 3.8
1,375,608 views
'70-ih i '80-ih godina internet je bio ispunjen duhom velikodušnosti njegovih malobrojnih korisnika. Ali danas, kada je internet sveprisutan i povezuje milijarde ljudi, mašine i bitne delove infrastrukture, javlja se opasnost od sajber napada i pada sistema. Pionir u oblasti interneta, Deni Hilis govori o tome kako internet nije bio dizajniran za ovako široku upotrebu i upozorava na potrebu osmišljavanja plana B: paralelnog rezervnog sistema ukoliko - ili kada - se internet sruši.
Danny Hillis - Computer theorist
Inventor, scientist, author, engineer -- over his broad career, Danny Hillis has turned his ever-searching brain on an array of subjects, with surprising results. Full bio
Inventor, scientist, author, engineer -- over his broad career, Danny Hillis has turned his ever-searching brain on an array of subjects, with surprising results. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
So, this book that I have in my hand
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Ova knjiga koju držim u ruci
00:19
is a directory of everybody who had an email address
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je imenik svih ljudi
koji su imali e-mail adrese
koji su imali e-mail adrese
00:23
in 1982. (Laughter)
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1982.
(Smeh)
(Smeh)
00:27
Actually, it's deceptively large.
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On je u stvari samo
naizgled velik.
naizgled velik.
00:30
There's actually only about 20 people on each page,
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Postoji otprilike samo 20-ak
ljudi na svakoj strani
ljudi na svakoj strani
00:34
because we have the name, address
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jer je tu ime, adresa
00:36
and telephone number of every single person.
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i broj telefona svakog od njih.
00:39
And, in fact, everybody's listed twice,
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U stvari, svako je naveden dva puta,
00:41
because it's sorted once by name and once by email address.
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jednom poređan po imenu i
jednom po e-mail adresi.
jednom po e-mail adresi.
00:45
Obviously a very small community.
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Očigledno je u pitanju
veoma mala zajednica.
veoma mala zajednica.
00:48
There were only two other Dannys on the Internet then.
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Tada su postojala samo
još dva Denija na internetu.
još dva Denija na internetu.
00:52
I knew them both.
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Poznavao sam obojicu.
00:53
We didn't all know each other,
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Nismo svi znali jedni druge,
00:55
but we all kind of trusted each other,
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ali smo na neki način
verovali jedni drugima
verovali jedni drugima
00:58
and that basic feeling of trust
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i taj osećaj poverenja je
01:02
permeated the whole network,
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prožimao čitavu mrežu
01:05
and there was a real sense that
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i osećali smo se kao da
01:07
we could depend on each other to do things.
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se možemo osloniti jedni na druge
za razne stvari.
za razne stvari.
01:10
So just to give you an idea of the level of trust in this community,
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Kako bih vam približio
nivo poverenja u ovoj zajednici,
nivo poverenja u ovoj zajednici,
01:13
let me tell you what it was like
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dozvolite mi da vam ispričam
kako je izgledala
kako je izgledala
01:15
to register a domain name in the early days.
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registracija internet domena
na početku.
na početku.
01:19
Now, it just so happened that I got to register
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Igrom slučaja, imao sam priliku
da registrujem
da registrujem
01:22
the third domain name on the Internet.
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treći domen na internetu.
01:24
So I could have anything I wanted
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Mogao sam da odaberem bilo šta
01:26
other than bbn.com and symbolics.com.
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sem bbn.com i symbolics.com.
01:30
So I picked think.com, but then I thought,
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Odabrao sam think.com,
ali sam onda pomislio
ali sam onda pomislio
01:34
you know, there's a lot of really interesting names out there.
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da postoji mnogo
poprilično interesantnih imena.
poprilično interesantnih imena.
01:37
Maybe I should register a few extras just in case.
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Možda bih trebao da registrujem
još koje za svaki slučaj.
još koje za svaki slučaj.
01:41
And then I thought, "Nah, that wouldn't be very nice."
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Ali sam onda pomislio:
"Ne, to ne bi bilo lepo od mene."
"Ne, to ne bi bilo lepo od mene."
01:44
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:50
That attitude of only taking what you need
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U to vreme svi su na mreži uzimali
01:54
was really what everybody had on the network in those days,
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samo ono što im je potrebno
01:58
and in fact, it wasn't just the people on the network,
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i u stvari to nije bilo
samo do ljudi na mreži,
samo do ljudi na mreži,
02:01
but it was actually kind of built into the protocols
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već je to na neki način
bilo ugrađeno u protokole
bilo ugrađeno u protokole
02:04
of the Internet itself.
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samog interneta.
02:06
So the basic idea of I.P., or Internet protocol,
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Osnovna ideja IP-ja
ili internet protokola
ili internet protokola
02:09
and the way that the -- the routing algorithm that used it,
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i načina na koji ga je
algoritam preusmeravanja koristio,
algoritam preusmeravanja koristio,
02:13
were fundamentally "from each according to their ability,
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bila je u osnovi:
"od svakoga prema njihovim mogućnostima,
"od svakoga prema njihovim mogućnostima,
02:17
to each according to their need."
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svakome prema njihovoj potrebi."
02:19
And so, if you had some extra bandwidth,
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Tako da, ako ste imali višak protoka,
02:22
you'd deliver a message for someone.
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preneli biste nečiju
poruku umesto njih.
poruku umesto njih.
02:24
If they had some extra bandwidth, they would deliver a message for you.
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Ako je neko imao višak protoka,
oni bi preneli poruku za vas.
oni bi preneli poruku za vas.
02:27
You'd kind of depend on people to do that,
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Na neki način smo se
oslanjali na ljude da to rade
oslanjali na ljude da to rade
02:29
and that was the building block.
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i to je bio kamen temeljac.
02:32
It was actually interesting that such a communist principle
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U stvari je interesantno
kako je takav komunistički princip
kako je takav komunistički princip
02:34
was the basis of a system developed during the Cold War
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bio osnova sistema
koji je, tokom Hladnog rata
koji je, tokom Hladnog rata
02:37
by the Defense Department,
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razvilo Ministarstvo odbrane,
02:39
but it obviously worked really well,
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ali je radio veoma dobro
02:42
and we all saw what happened with the Internet.
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i svi smo videli šta se
desilo s internetom.
desilo s internetom.
02:46
It was incredibly successful.
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Postao je veoma uspešan.
02:48
In fact, it was so successful that there's no way
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U stvari, postao je toliko uspešan
da ne postoji način
da ne postoji način
02:51
that these days you could make a book like this.
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da danas napravite
knjigu kao što je ova.
knjigu kao što je ova.
02:55
My rough calculation is it would be about 25 miles thick.
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Procenjujem da bi bila
debela oko 40 kilometara.
debela oko 40 kilometara.
03:01
But, of course, you couldn't do it,
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Ali, naravno, ne možemo
da to uradimo
da to uradimo
03:02
because we don't know the names of all the people
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jer ne znamo imena svih ljudi
03:04
with Internet or email addresses,
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sa pristupom internetu
ili sa e-mail adresama.
ili sa e-mail adresama.
03:07
and even if we did know their names,
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Čak i da znamo njihova imena,
03:08
I'm pretty sure that they would not want their name,
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poprilično sam siguran
da oni ne bi želeli da njihova imena,
da oni ne bi želeli da njihova imena,
03:11
address and telephone number published to everyone.
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adrese i brojevi telefona
budu dostupni svima.
budu dostupni svima.
03:15
So the fact is that there's a lot of bad guys on the Internet these days,
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Činjenica je da postoji mnogo
loših ljudi na internetu danas
loših ljudi na internetu danas
03:19
and so we dealt with that by making
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i borimo se protiv toga stvaranjem
03:23
walled communities,
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zaštićenih zajednica,
03:25
secure subnetworks, VPNs,
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bezbednih podmreža,
virtuelnih privatnih mreža,
virtuelnih privatnih mreža,
03:30
little things that aren't really the Internet
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malih stvari koje nisu baš internet,
03:31
but are made out of the same building blocks,
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ali su sastavljene od istih delova,
03:33
but we're still basically building it out of those
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u osnovi ih gradimo iz istih onih
03:36
same building blocks with those same assumptions of trust.
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delova i sa istim onim
pretpostavkama o poverenju.
pretpostavkama o poverenju.
03:40
And that means that it's vulnerable
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To znači da su oni podložni
03:43
to certain kinds of mistakes that can happen,
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određenim greškama
koje se mogu desiti
koje se mogu desiti
03:45
or certain kinds of deliberate attacks,
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ili nekim namernim napadima,
03:47
but even the mistakes can be bad.
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ali čak i same greške mogu biti loše.
03:50
So, for instance,
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Na primer,
03:53
in all of Asia recently,
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nedavno je u čitavoj Aziji
03:55
it was impossible to get YouTube for a little while
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bilo nemoguće pristupiti
Jutjubu neko vreme
Jutjubu neko vreme
03:58
because Pakistan made some mistakes
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jer je Pakistan načinio neke greške
04:01
in how it was censoring YouTube in its internal network.
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u cenzuri Jutjuba
u svojoj unutrašnjoj mreži.
u svojoj unutrašnjoj mreži.
04:04
They didn't intend to screw up Asia, but they did
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Nisu nameravali da zabrljaju
u čitavoj Aziji, ali jesu
u čitavoj Aziji, ali jesu
04:07
because of the way that the protocols work.
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zbog načina na koji protokoli funkcionišu.
04:10
Another example that may have affected many of you in this audience is,
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Još jedan primer koji je možda uticao
na mnoge od vas u publici,
na mnoge od vas u publici,
04:13
you may remember a couple of years ago,
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možda se sećate
pre nekoliko godina,
pre nekoliko godina,
04:16
all the planes west of the Mississippi were grounded
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svi avioni u Misisipiju su prinudno sleteli,
04:19
because a single routing card in Salt Lake City
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jer je jedna jedina kartica
za usmeravanje u Solt Lejk Sitiju
za usmeravanje u Solt Lejk Sitiju
04:22
had a bug in it.
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imala grešku.
04:24
Now, you don't really think
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Nikada ne pomislimo na to
04:26
that our airplane system depends on the Internet,
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da naši avionski sistemi
zavise od interneta
zavise od interneta
04:29
and in some sense it doesn't.
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i na neki način oni ni ne zavise.
04:30
I'll come back to that later.
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Vratiću se na to kasnije.
04:32
But the fact is that people couldn't take off
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Ali je činjenica da ljudi
nisu mogli da polete
nisu mogli da polete
04:34
because something was going wrong on the Internet,
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jer nešto nije bilo u redu s internetom
04:37
and the router card was down.
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i kartica za usmeravanje nije radila.
04:39
And so, there are many of those things that start to happen.
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I tako razne stvari
počinju da se dešavaju.
počinju da se dešavaju.
04:43
Now, there was an interesting thing that happened last April.
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Interesantna svar
se desila prošlog aprila.
se desila prošlog aprila.
04:46
All of a sudden,
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Iznenada
04:48
a very large percentage of the traffic on the whole Internet,
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veliki procenat prometa na internetu
04:51
including a lot of the traffic between U.S. military installations,
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uključujući i onaj između
postrojenja vojske SAD
postrojenja vojske SAD
04:55
started getting re-routed through China.
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bio je preusmeravan kroz Kinu.
04:58
So for a few hours, it all passed through China.
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Nekoliko sati, sve je prolazilo kroz Kinu.
05:01
Now, China Telecom says it was just an honest mistake,
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Kineski Telekom tvrdi
da je to bila nenamerna greška
da je to bila nenamerna greška
05:05
and it is actually possible that it was, the way things work,
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i moguće je da jeste, zbog načina
na koji stvari funkcionišu,
na koji stvari funkcionišu,
05:09
but certainly somebody could make
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ali bi neko zasigurno mogao da napravi
05:11
a dishonest mistake of that sort if they wanted to,
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i namernu grešku tog tipa
ukoliko bi želeo
ukoliko bi želeo
05:14
and it shows you how vulnerable the system is even to mistakes.
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i to nam pokazuje koliko je sistem ranjiv,
čak i kada su u pitanju greške.
čak i kada su u pitanju greške.
05:18
Imagine how vulnerable the system is to deliberate attacks.
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Zamislite koliko je sistem
podložan namernim napadima.
podložan namernim napadima.
05:23
So if somebody really wanted to attack the United States
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Ukoliko bi neko zaista
želeo da napadne SAD
želeo da napadne SAD
05:26
or Western civilization these days,
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ili Zapadnu civilizaciju danas,
05:28
they're not going to do it with tanks.
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ne bi to uradili tenkovima.
05:30
That will not succeed.
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To ne bi uspelo.
05:33
What they'll probably do is something
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Ono što će najverovatnije uraditi je nešto
05:35
very much like the attack that happened
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veoma slično onome što se desilo
05:38
on the Iranian nuclear facility.
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u nuklearnom postrojenju u Iranu.
05:41
Nobody has claimed credit for that.
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Niko nije preuzeo odgovornost za to.
05:43
There was basically a factory of industrial machines.
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Bila je to fabrika industrijske mašinerije.
05:46
It didn't think of itself as being on the Internet.
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Oni nisu smatrali da su
prikačeni na internet.
prikačeni na internet.
05:49
It thought of itself as being disconnected from the Internet,
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Mislili su da su
odvojeni od interneta,
odvojeni od interneta,
05:52
but it was possible for somebody to smuggle
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ali je neko uspeo da prokrijumčari
05:54
a USB drive in there, or something like that,
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USB memoriju ili nešto nalik tome
05:56
and software got in there that causes the centrifuges,
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i putem softvera natera centrifuge
05:59
in that case, to actually destroy themselves.
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da unište same sebe.
06:02
Now that same kind of software could destroy an oil refinery
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Softver kao ovaj bi mogao
da uništi rafineriju ulja
da uništi rafineriju ulja
06:05
or a pharmaceutical factory or a semiconductor plant.
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ili fabriku lekova
ili postrojenje poluprovodnika.
ili postrojenje poluprovodnika.
06:10
And so there's a lot of -- I'm sure you've read a lot in papers,
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Siguran sam
da ste čitali o tome u novinama,
da ste čitali o tome u novinama,
06:13
about worries about cyberattacks
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o brizi zbog sajber napada
06:15
and defenses against those.
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i o odbrani protiv njih.
06:18
But the fact is, people are mostly focused on
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Ali je činjenica da su ljudi
uglavnom usmereni
uglavnom usmereni
06:20
defending the computers on the Internet,
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na odbranu računara na internetu
06:22
and there's been surprisingly little attention
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i iznenađujuće malo pažnje se posvećuje
06:24
to defending the Internet itself as a communications medium.
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odbrani samog interneta
kao medija za komunikaciju.
kao medija za komunikaciju.
06:29
And I think we probably do need to pay
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Smatram da bi trebalo da obratimo
06:30
some more attention to that, because it's actually kind of fragile.
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malo više pažnje na to
jer je on u stvari veoma ranjiv.
jer je on u stvari veoma ranjiv.
06:34
So actually, in the early days,
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U ranim danima,
06:37
back when it was the ARPANET,
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kada je postojao ARPANET,
06:38
there were actually times -- there was a particular time it failed completely
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bilo je perioda kada -
jednom prilikom je on u potpunosti otkazao,
jednom prilikom je on u potpunosti otkazao,
06:42
because one single message processor
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zato što je jedan jedini procesor za poruke
06:45
actually got a bug in it.
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imao grešku u sebi.
06:48
And the way the Internet works is
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Način na koji internet funkcioniše je
06:50
the routers are basically exchanging information
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da ruteri u suštini razmenjuju informacije
06:53
about how they can get messages to places,
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o tome kako mogu da prenesu
poruke na razna mesta
poruke na razna mesta
06:56
and this one processor, because of a broken card,
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i ovaj jedan procesor je,
zbog pokvarene kartice,
zbog pokvarene kartice,
07:00
decided it could actually get a message
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odlučio da može da dostavi poruku
07:02
to some place in negative time.
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na neko mesto u prošlosti.
07:05
So, in other words, it claimed it could deliver a message before you sent it.
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Drugim rečima, smatrao je da može da
dostavi poruku pre nego što ste je poslali.
dostavi poruku pre nego što ste je poslali.
07:09
So of course, the fastest way to get a message anywhere
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Naravno, najbrži način
da pošaljete poruku bilo gde
da pošaljete poruku bilo gde
07:12
was to send it to this guy,
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je bila da je pošaljete ovom čoveku
07:14
who would send it back in time and get it there super early,
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koji bi je poslao nazad u vreme
i tako bi ona stigla pre vremena.
i tako bi ona stigla pre vremena.
07:17
so every message in the Internet
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Zbog toga je svaka poruka
na internetu
na internetu
07:20
started getting switched through this one node,
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počela da prolazi kroz ovaj čvor
07:23
and of course that clogged everything up.
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i naravno to je začepilo sistem.
07:25
Everything started breaking.
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Sve je počelo da se raspada.
07:27
The interesting thing was, though,
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Interesantna svar je bila
07:29
that the sysadmins were able to fix it,
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da su administratori sistema
uspeli da to isprave,
uspeli da to isprave,
07:31
but they had to basically turn every single thing on the Internet off.
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ali su u suštini morali da isključe
svaku pojedinačnu stvar na internetu.
svaku pojedinačnu stvar na internetu.
07:36
Now, of course you couldn't do that today.
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To danas ne biste mogli da uradite.
07:37
I mean, everything off, it's like
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Da se sve isključi, to bi bilo kao
07:39
the service call you get from the cable company,
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kada vas neko nazove
da ne radi kablovska,
da ne radi kablovska,
07:42
except for the whole world.
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samo u celom svetu.
07:45
Now, in fact, they couldn't do it for a lot of reasons today.
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To danas ne bi bilo moguće
zbog nekoliko razloga.
zbog nekoliko razloga.
07:47
One of the reasons is a lot of their telephones
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Jedan od njih je to
što većina njihovih telefona
što većina njihovih telefona
07:50
use IP protocol and use things like Skype and so on
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koristi IP protokole i stvari
kao što su Skajp i tako dalje,
kao što su Skajp i tako dalje,
07:53
that go through the Internet right now,
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stvari koje rade preko interneta
07:55
and so in fact we're becoming dependent on it
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i tako mi postajemo zavisni od njega
07:58
for more and more different things,
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za sve više i više različitih stvari,
08:00
like when you take off from LAX,
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kada uzlećete sa
aerodroma,
aerodroma,
08:03
you're really not thinking you're using the Internet.
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ni ne pomišljate da koristite internet.
08:05
When you pump gas, you really don't think you're using the Internet.
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Dok točite gorivo,
ni ne znate da koristite internet.
ni ne znate da koristite internet.
08:09
What's happening increasingly, though, is these systems
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Ono što se sve više i više dešava
jeste da ovi sistemi
jeste da ovi sistemi
08:11
are beginning to use the Internet.
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počinju da koriste internet.
08:13
Most of them aren't based on the Internet yet,
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Većina njih još nije
bazirana na internetu,
bazirana na internetu,
08:16
but they're starting to use the Internet for service functions,
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ali počinju da koriste
internet kao servis,
internet kao servis,
08:19
for administrative functions,
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za administraciju
08:21
and so if you take something like the cell phone system,
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i kada pogledate nešto
kao što je fiksna telefonija,
kao što je fiksna telefonija,
08:24
which is still relatively independent of the Internet for the most part,
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koja je relativno nezavisna od interneta,
08:28
Internet pieces are beginning to sneak into it
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delovi interneta se polako uvlače u nju,
08:31
in terms of some of the control and administrative functions,
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delom kao kontrola ili za administraciju
08:35
and it's so tempting to use these same building blocks
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i veoma je primamljivo
koristiti ove delove
koristiti ove delove
08:37
because they work so well, they're cheap,
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jer rade veoma dobro i jeftini su,
08:39
they're repeated, and so on.
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mogu se ponavljati
i tako dalje.
i tako dalje.
08:40
So all of our systems, more and more,
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Svi naši sistemi, sve više i više
08:43
are starting to use the same technology
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počinju da upotrebljavaju istu tehnologiju
08:45
and starting to depend on this technology.
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i počinju da zavise od nje.
08:47
And so even a modern rocket ship these days
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Čak i savremene rakete danas
08:49
actually uses Internet protocol to talk
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koriste internet protokol za komunikaciju
08:52
from one end of the rocket ship to the other.
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jednog dela rakete s drugim.
08:54
That's crazy. It was never designed to do things like that.
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To je suludo. Internet nije
osmišljen da radi takve stvari.
osmišljen da radi takve stvari.
08:57
So we've built this system
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Sagradili smo sistem
09:00
where we understand all the parts of it,
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čije delove razumemo,
09:03
but we're using it in a very, very different way than we expected to use it,
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ali ga koristimo na veoma
drugačiji način nego što se očekuje
drugačiji način nego što se očekuje
09:07
and it's gotten a very, very different scale
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i on je prerastao svrhu
09:10
than it was designed for.
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za koju je osmišljen.
09:12
And in fact, nobody really exactly understands
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U stvari niko više ne razume
09:14
all the things it's being used for right now.
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sve stvari za koje se on sada koristi.
09:17
It's turning into one of these big emergent systems
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Postao je jedan od onih
velikih rastućih sistema,
velikih rastućih sistema,
09:19
like the financial system, where we've designed all the parts
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kao finansijski sistem,
gde smo osmislili sve delove,
gde smo osmislili sve delove,
09:23
but nobody really exactly understands
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ali niko u stvari ne razume
09:25
how it operates and all the little details of it
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kako oni rade i sve njegove detalje
09:28
and what kinds of emergent behaviors it can have.
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i kakve još stvari može da radi.
09:31
And so if you hear an expert talking about the Internet
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Kada čujete stručnjaka
kako govori o internetu
kako govori o internetu
09:34
and saying it can do this, or it does do this, or it will do that,
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i kaže da on može da radi ovo
ili radi ono ili će raditi to,
ili radi ono ili će raditi to,
09:37
you should treat it with the same skepticism
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treba da budete skeptični
09:39
that you might treat the comments of an economist about the economy
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kao kada slušate komentare
ekonomiste o ekonomiji
ekonomiste o ekonomiji
09:44
or a weatherman about the weather, or something like that.
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ili meteorologa o vremenu
ili nešto nalik tome.
ili nešto nalik tome.
09:46
They have an informed opinion,
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Oni imaju svoje stručno mišljenje,
09:49
but it's changing so quickly that even the experts
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ali se stvari toliko brzo menjaju
da čak ni stručnjaci
da čak ni stručnjaci
09:51
don't know exactly what's going on.
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nisu sigurni šta se dešava.
09:53
So if you see one of these maps of the Internet,
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Kada vidite jednu od
onih mapa interneta,
onih mapa interneta,
09:56
it's just somebody's guess.
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to je samo nečije nagađanje.
09:58
Nobody really knows what the Internet is right now
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Niko trenutno ne zna šta je internet
10:00
because it's different than it was an hour ago.
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jer je bio drugačiji
pre sat vremena.
pre sat vremena.
10:02
It's constantly changing. It's constantly reconfiguring.
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On se stalno menja,
stalno se ponovno konfiguriše.
stalno se ponovno konfiguriše.
10:05
And the problem with it is,
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Smatram da je problem u tome
10:07
I think we are setting ourselves up for a kind of disaster
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što smo se predodredili
za jednu katastrofu,
za jednu katastrofu,
10:10
like the disaster we had in the financial system,
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kao što je bila finansijska katastrofa,
10:13
where we take a system that's basically built on trust,
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gde je sistem izgrađen na poverenju,
10:18
was basically built for a smaller-scale system,
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u osnovi izgrađen za manje sisteme
10:21
and we've kind of expanded it way beyond the limits
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i proširili smo ga izvan njegovih granica
10:24
of how it was meant to operate.
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i onoga za šta je namenjen.
10:26
And so right now, I think it's literally true
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Smatram da
10:29
that we don't know what the consequences
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ne znamo kakve posledice
10:33
of an effective denial-of-service attack
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jedan uspešan
napad zabrane pristupa
napad zabrane pristupa
10:35
on the Internet would be,
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na internetu može da ima
10:37
and whatever it would be is going to be worse next year,
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i kakav god da je,
biće gori za godinu dana
biće gori za godinu dana
10:39
and worse next year, and so on.
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i još gori sledeće godine
i tako dalje.
i tako dalje.
10:40
But so what we need is a plan B.
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Ono što nam je potrebno je plan B.
10:43
There is no plan B right now.
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Trenutno ne postoji plan B.
10:44
There's no clear backup system that we've very carefully kept
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Ne postoji jasan
rezervni sitem koji se čuva
rezervni sitem koji se čuva
10:48
to be independent of the Internet,
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da bude nezavistan od interneta
10:50
made out of completely different sets of building blocks.
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sastavljen od drugačijih elemenata.
10:53
So what we need is something that doesn't necessarily
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Ono što nam je potrebno
je nešto što nije
je nešto što nije
10:56
have to have the performance of the Internet,
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vezano za internet,
10:59
but the police department has to be able
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ali policija mora da bude sposobna
11:00
to call up the fire department even without the Internet,
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da pozove vatrogasce
čak i bez interneta
čak i bez interneta
11:03
or the hospitals have to order fuel oil.
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ili bolnice moraju da naruče gorivo.
11:05
This doesn't need to be a multi-billion-dollar government project.
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Ovo ne mora da bude vladin projekat
vredan više milijardi dolara.
vredan više milijardi dolara.
11:10
It's actually relatively simple to do, technically,
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To je u stvari relativno
jednostavno s tehničke strane
jednostavno s tehničke strane
11:12
because it can use existing fibers that are in the ground,
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jer se mogu koristiti
postojeće uzemljene mreže,
postojeće uzemljene mreže,
11:16
existing wireless infrastructure.
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postojeća bežična infrastruktura.
11:18
It's basically a matter of deciding to do it.
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Stvar je u opredeljivanju
na taj korak.
na taj korak.
11:21
But people won't decide to do it
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Ali ljudi se neće odlučiti na to,
11:23
until they recognize the need for it,
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dok ne prepoznaju potrebu za tim
11:26
and that's the problem that we have right now.
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i to je problem koji trenutno imamo.
11:27
So there's been plenty of people,
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Ima mnogo ljudi,
11:30
plenty of us have been quietly arguing
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mnogi od nas u tišini raspravljamo
11:33
that we should have this independent system for years,
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o potrebi za nezavisnim sistemom
već godinama,
već godinama,
11:36
but it's very hard to get people focused on plan B
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ali je veoma teško usmeriti
pažnju ljudi na plan B
pažnju ljudi na plan B
11:39
when plan A seems to be working so well.
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kada plan A naizgled
veoma dobro funkcioniše.
veoma dobro funkcioniše.
11:43
So I think that, if people understand
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Mislim da ukoliko
ljudi budu razumeli
ljudi budu razumeli
11:46
how much we're starting to depend on the Internet,
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koliko počinjemo
da zavisimo od interneta
da zavisimo od interneta
11:49
and how vulnerable it is,
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1977
i koliko je on ranjiv,
11:51
we could get focused on
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da bismo onda
mogli da se usmerimo
mogli da se usmerimo
11:53
just wanting this other system to exist,
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na želju za postojanjem
ovog drugog sistema
ovog drugog sistema
11:56
and I think if enough people say, "Yeah, I would like to use it,
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i mislim da ako dovoljno ljudi kaže:
"Da, voleo bih da ga koristim,
"Da, voleo bih da ga koristim,
11:59
I'd like to have such a system," then it will get built.
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voleo bih da imam takav sistem",
da bi onda on bio sagrađen.
da bi onda on bio sagrađen.
12:02
It's not that hard a problem.
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To nije toliki problem.
12:04
It could definitely be done by people in this room.
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Ljudi u ovoj prostoriji
bi mogli da to urade.
bi mogli da to urade.
12:07
And so I think that this is actually,
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Mislim da je u stvari
12:11
of all the problems you're going to hear about at the conference,
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od svih problema o kojima ćete
slušati na ovoj konferenciji
slušati na ovoj konferenciji
12:15
this is probably one of the very easiest to fix.
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ovaj najverovatnije
najlakše rešiti.
najlakše rešiti.
12:17
So I'm happy to get a chance to tell you about it.
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Drago mi je što sam dobio priliku
da vam govorim o tome.
da vam govorim o tome.
12:20
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam puno.
12:23
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Danny Hillis - Computer theoristInventor, scientist, author, engineer -- over his broad career, Danny Hillis has turned his ever-searching brain on an array of subjects, with surprising results.
Why you should listen
Danny Hillis is an inventor, scientist, author and engineer. While completing his doctorate at MIT, he pioneered the concept of parallel computers that is now the basis for graphics processors and cloud computing. He holds more than 300 US patents, covering parallel computers, disk arrays, forgery prevention methods, various electronic and mechanical devices, and the pinch-to-zoom display interface. He has recently been working on problems in medicine as well. He is also the designer of a 10,000-year mechanical clock, and he gave a TED Talk in 1994 that is practically prophetic. Throughout his career, Hillis has worked at places like Disney, and now MIT and Applied Invention, always looking for the next fascinating problem.
Danny Hillis | Speaker | TED.com