ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziyah Gafić - Photographer + storyteller
To help him come to terms with the tragedy of his own homeland, Bosnian photographer Ziyah Gafić turns his camera on the aftermath of conflict, showing his images in galleries, in books and on Instagram.

Why you should listen

Ziyah Gafić uses his camera to capture the aftermath of war. He has traveled to Pakistan, Iraq and Chechnya to capture beautiful portraits of people carrying on with their lives in the face of destruction; he has photographed the everyday lives of children in Rwanda, a generation born from the widespread use of rape as a weapon during the Rwandan genocide. A moving question runs through his work: After war, how do people manage to keep the fabric of society together?

Gafić's interest in this subject comes from his own biography. Born in Sarajevo, he was a teenager during the Bosnian War of the 1990s. Through photography, he parses what happened in his homeland. For his book Quest for Identity, Gafić photographed the watches, keys, shoes, combs and glasses exhumed from mass graves 20 years after the Bosnian War. These objects are cleaned, catalogued and used to help identify the bodies found with them, but afterwards, they become what Gafić calls “orphans of the narrative,” either destroyed or stored away out of sight and out of mind. His quest is to keep them in view as a last testament to the fact that these people existed, preserving them as an easily accessible visual archive that tells the story of what happened—integrating an objective forensic perspective with human compassion.

More profile about the speaker
Ziyah Gafić | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

Ziyah Gafić: Everyday objects, tragic histories

Zijah Gafić (Ziyah Gafic): Svakodnevni predmeti, tragične istorije

Filmed:
1,040,925 views

Zijah Gafić fotografiše svakodnevne predmete - satove, cipele, naočari. Ali ove slike su prividno jednostavne; predmeti na njima su ekshumirani iz masovnih grobnica rata u Bosni. Gafić, član TED Fellows programa, poreklom iz Sarajeva, fotografisao je svaki predmet iz ovih grobova kako bi stvorio živ arhiv identiteta izgubljenih.
- Photographer + storyteller
To help him come to terms with the tragedy of his own homeland, Bosnian photographer Ziyah Gafić turns his camera on the aftermath of conflict, showing his images in galleries, in books and on Instagram. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
These are simpleједноставно objectsобјеката:
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Ovo su jednostavni predmeti:
00:14
clockssatovi, keysključevi, combsчешље, glassesнаочаре.
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satovi, ključevi, češljevi, naočari.
00:18
They are the things the victimsжртве of genocideгеноцид in BosniaBosna
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To su stvari žrtava genocida u Bosni
00:20
carriedноси with them on theirњихова finalконачни journeyпутовање.
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koje su poneli
na svoje poslednje putovanje.
00:23
We are all familiarпознат with these mundaneМундане,
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Svima nama su poznati ovi obični,
00:26
everydayсваки дан objectsобјеката.
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svakodnevni predmeti.
00:27
The factчињеница that some of the victimsжртве carriedноси
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Činjenica da su neke žrtve nosile
00:29
personalлични itemsставке suchтаква as
toothpastepasta za zube and a toothbrushЧеткица за зубе
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lične predmete
kao što su pasta i četkica za zube
00:32
is a clearјасно signзнак they had no ideaидеја
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je jasan znak da nisu imali pojma
00:35
what was about to happenдесити се to them.
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šta će se dogoditi sa njima.
00:37
UsuallyObično, they were told that they were going to be
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Uobičajeno, bilo im je rečeno
00:39
exchangedrazmenjuju for prisonersзатвореници of warрат.
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da će biti razmenjeni
za ratne zarobljenike.
00:42
These itemsставке have been recoveredoporavio
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2013
Ovi predmeti su dobijeni natrag
00:44
from numerousбројни massмаса gravesгробнице acrossпреко my homelandдомовина,
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iz brojnih masovnih grobnica
širom moje domovine,
00:47
and as we speakговорити, forensicsForenzika are exhumingekshuminirali bodiesтела
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i dok pričamo,
forenzičari ekshumiraju tela
00:49
from newlynedavno discoveredоткривени massмаса gravesгробнице,
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iz novootkrivenih masovnih grobnica,
00:51
20 yearsгодине after the warрат.
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20 godina nakon rata.
00:53
And it is quiteприлично possiblyмогуће the largestнајвеће ever discoveredоткривени.
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I to verovatno najvećih ikada otkrivenih.
00:57
DuringTokom the fourчетири yearsгодине of conflictконфликт
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Tokom četiri godine konflikta
00:59
that devastatedразорен the Bosnianbosanski nationнација in the earlyрано '90s,
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koji je opustošio
bosanski narod ranih '90-ih,
01:02
approximatelyПриближно 30,000 citizensГрађани, mainlyуглавном civilianscivili,
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oko 30.000 građana, uglavnom civila,
01:05
wentотишао missingнедостаје, presumedPretpostavlja se da je killedубијен,
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je nestalo, smatrano ubijenim,
01:07
and anotherдруги 100,000 were killedубијен
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i još 100.000 je ubijeno
01:09
duringу току combatборба operationsоперације.
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za vreme borbenih operacija.
01:11
MostVećina of them were killedубијен
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Većina njih je ubijena
01:13
eitherили in the earlyрано daysдана of the warрат
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ili ranih dana rata
01:14
or towardsка the endкрај of the hostilitiesneprijateljstva,
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ili pred kraj sukoba,
01:16
when U.N. safeсигурно zoneszone like SrebrenicaSrebrenice
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kada su bezbedne zone UN-a
poput Srebrenice
01:19
fellпао into the handsруке of the SerbSrba armyвојска.
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pale u ruke srpske vojske.
01:22
The internationalмеђународни criminalкриминал tribunaltribunala
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Međunarodni krivični tribunal
01:24
deliveredиспоручена a numberброј of sentencesrečenice
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je izrekao niz presuda
01:26
for crimesza zločine againstпротив humanityчовечанство and genocideгеноцид.
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za zločine protiv čovečanstva i genocid.
01:29
GenocideGenocid is a systematicsistematski and deliberatenamerno
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Genocid je sistematsko i namerno
01:32
destructionуништење of a racialрасни, politicalполитички, religiousрелигиозно
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uništavanje rasne, političke, verske
01:36
or ethnicетнички groupгрупа.
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ili etničke grupe.
01:37
As much as genocideгеноцид is about killingубијање.
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Koliko je genocid ubijanje,
01:40
It is alsoтакође about destroyingуништавајући theirњихова propertyимовина,
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toliko je i uništavanje njihove imovine,
01:43
theirњихова culturalкултурно heritagebaštine,
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njihovog kulturnog nasleđa,
01:45
and ultimatelyна крају the very notionпојам that they ever existedпостојала.
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i na kraju samog pojma
da su ikada postojali.
01:48
GenocideGenocid is not only about the killingубијање;
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Genocid se ne odnosi samo na ubijanje;
01:51
it is about the deniedодбијен identityидентитет.
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radi se o uskraćenom identitetu.
01:54
There are always tracesтрагова
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Uvek ima tragova -
01:55
no suchтаква thing as a perfectсавршен crimeзлочин.
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ne postoji savršen zločin.
01:57
There are always remnantsостаци of the perishedstradali onesоне
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Uvek postoje ostaci stradalih
02:00
that are more durableizdržljivi than theirњихова fragileкрхак bodiesтела
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koji su trajniji od njihovih krhkih tela
02:02
and our selectiveselektivno and fadingбледи memoryмеморија of them.
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i naših selektivnih
i izbledelih sećanja na njih.
02:06
These itemsставке are recoveredoporavio
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Ovi predmeti su pronađeni
u brojnim masovnim grobnicama,
02:09
from numerousбројни massмаса gravesгробнице,
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02:10
and the mainглавни goalЦиљ of this collectionколекција of the itemsставке
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a glavni cilj ove kolekcije predmeta
02:13
is a uniqueјединствен processпроцес
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je jedinstveni proces
02:15
of identifyingidentifikovanje those who disappearedнестао in the killingsubistva,
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identifikovanja onih
koji su nestali u ubistvima,
02:18
the first actчинити of genocideгеноцид on EuropeanEvropski soilземљиште
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prvom činu genocida na evropskom tlu
02:21
sinceОд the HolocaustHolokaust.
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od Holokausta.
02:22
Not a singleједно bodyтело should remainостају undiscoveredneotkrivena
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Nijedno telo ne treba
da ostane neotkriveno
02:25
or unidentifiedNepoznati.
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ili neidentifikovano.
02:27
OnceJednom recoveredoporavio,
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Kada su jednom pronađeni,
02:28
these itemsставке that the victimsжртве carriedноси with them
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ovi predmeti koje su žrtve nosile sa sobom
02:31
on theirњихова way to executionизвршење
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na putu ka pogubljenju
02:33
are carefullyпажљиво cleanedочишћено, analyzedанализирани,
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se pažljivo čiste, analiziraju,
02:35
cataloguedzavedeni and storedskladište.
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popisuju i skladište.
02:37
ThousandsNa hiljade of artifactsartefakti are
packedупакован in whiteбео plasticпластика bagsторбе
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Hiljade eksponata je spakovano
u belim plastičnim kesama
02:40
just like the onesоне you see on CSICSI.
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baš kao što su one
koje gledate u "Mestu zločina".
02:43
These objectsобјеката are used as a forensicФоренсиц toolоруђе
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Ovi predmeti se koriste
kao forenzički instrument
02:45
in visualвизуелно identificationIdentifikacija of the victimsжртве,
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za vizuelnu identifikaciju žrtava,
02:48
but they are alsoтакође used as
very valuableвредно forensicФоренсиц evidenceдоказ
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ali se takođe koriste
i kao veoma dragoceni forenzički dokazi
02:51
in the ongoingу току, сталан warрат crimesza zločine trialsсуђења.
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na tekućim suđenjima za ratne zločine.
02:54
SurvivorsPreživeli are occasionallyповремено calledпозвани
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Preživeli povremeno bivaju pozvani
02:56
to try to identifyидентификовати these itemsставке physicallyфизички,
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da pokušaju da identifikuju
ove predmete fizički,
02:59
but physicalфизички browsingPregledanje is extremelyизузетно difficultтешко,
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ali fizičko pregledanje je izuzetno težak,
03:02
an ineffectiveneefikasan and painfulболан processпроцес.
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neefikasan i bolan proces.
03:05
OnceJednom the forensicsForenzika and doctorsдоктори and lawyersадвокати
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Kada forenzičari i doktori i advokati
završe sa ovim objektima,
03:09
are doneГотово with these objectsобјеката,
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03:10
they becomeпостати orphansсирочади of the narrativeнаратив.
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oni postaju siročad narativa.
03:13
ManyMnogi of them get destroyedуништено, believe it or not,
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Mnogi od njih budu uništeni,
verovali ili ne,
ili budu prosto odloženi,
03:16
or they get simplyједноставно shelvedpovukle,
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03:17
out of sightвид and out of mindум.
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daleko od očiju i daleko od srca.
03:20
I decidedодлучио a fewнеколико yearsгодине agoпре
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Rešio sam pre nekoliko godina
03:22
to photographфотографија everyсваки singleједно exhumedekshumirano itemставка
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da fotografišem svaki ekshumirani predmet
03:25
in orderнаручи to createстворити a visualвизуелно archiveArhiva
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kako bih stvorio vizuelni arhiv
03:27
that survivorsпреживели could easilyлако browsePotraži.
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koji preživeli mogu lako da pregledaju.
03:30
As a storytellerbezazlenost, I like to give back to the communityзаједница.
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Kao pripovedač,
volim da nečim uzvratim zajednici.
03:34
I like to moveпотез beyondизван raisingподизање awarenessсвесност.
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Volim da idem dalje
od podizanja svesnosti.
03:37
And in this caseслучај, someoneнеко mayможе
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A u ovom slučaju, neko možda
03:39
recognizeпрепознати these itemsставке
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prepozna ove predmete
03:41
or at leastнајмање theirњихова photographsфотографије will remainостају
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ili će makar njihove fotografije ostati
03:43
as a permanentстални, unbiasednepristrasan and accurateтачан reminderopomene
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kao trajni, nepristrasni
i istiniti podsetnik
03:47
of what happenedдесило.
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na ono što se dogodilo.
03:49
PhotographyFotografija is about empathyемпатија,
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Kod fotografije se radi o empatiji,
03:51
and the familiaritybliskost of these
itemsставке guaranteeгаранција empathyемпатија.
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i poznatost ovih predmeta
garantuje empatiju.
03:54
In this caseслучај, I am merelyсамо a toolоруђе,
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U ovom slučaju, ja sam samo instrument,
03:57
a forensicФоренсиц, if you like,
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forenzičar, ako hoćete,
03:59
and the resultрезултат is a photographyфотографије that is as closeБлизу
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a rezultat je fotografija koja je
04:01
as possibleмогуће of beingбиће a documentдокумент.
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što je moguće bliža dokumentu.
04:04
OnceJednom all the missingнедостаје personsлица are identifiedидентификовани,
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Kada sve nestale osobe
budu identifikovane,
samo raspadajuća tela u njihovim grobovima
04:07
only decayingpropadanju bodiesтела in theirњихова gravesгробнице
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04:09
and these everydayсваки дан itemsставке will remainостају.
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i ovi svakodnevni predmeti će ostati.
04:11
In all theirњихова simplicityједноставност,
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U celokupnoj svojoj jednostavnosti,
04:13
these itemsставке are the last testamentтестамент
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ovi predmeti su poslednje svedočanstvo
04:15
to the identityидентитет of the victimsжртве,
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identifikovanju žrtava,
04:17
the last permanentстални reminderopomene
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poslednji trajni podsetnik
04:19
that these people ever existedпостојала.
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da su ti ljudi ikada postojali.
04:21
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam mnogo.
04:23
(ApplauseAplauz)
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(Aplauz)
Translated by Ivana Krivokuća
Reviewed by Dejan Vicai

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziyah Gafić - Photographer + storyteller
To help him come to terms with the tragedy of his own homeland, Bosnian photographer Ziyah Gafić turns his camera on the aftermath of conflict, showing his images in galleries, in books and on Instagram.

Why you should listen

Ziyah Gafić uses his camera to capture the aftermath of war. He has traveled to Pakistan, Iraq and Chechnya to capture beautiful portraits of people carrying on with their lives in the face of destruction; he has photographed the everyday lives of children in Rwanda, a generation born from the widespread use of rape as a weapon during the Rwandan genocide. A moving question runs through his work: After war, how do people manage to keep the fabric of society together?

Gafić's interest in this subject comes from his own biography. Born in Sarajevo, he was a teenager during the Bosnian War of the 1990s. Through photography, he parses what happened in his homeland. For his book Quest for Identity, Gafić photographed the watches, keys, shoes, combs and glasses exhumed from mass graves 20 years after the Bosnian War. These objects are cleaned, catalogued and used to help identify the bodies found with them, but afterwards, they become what Gafić calls “orphans of the narrative,” either destroyed or stored away out of sight and out of mind. His quest is to keep them in view as a last testament to the fact that these people existed, preserving them as an easily accessible visual archive that tells the story of what happened—integrating an objective forensic perspective with human compassion.

More profile about the speaker
Ziyah Gafić | Speaker | TED.com