TEDxAthens
Tasos Frantzolas: Everything you hear on film is a lie
Tasos Francolas (Tasos Frantzolas): Sve što čujete u filmu je laž
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,487,707 views
Zvučni efekti su bazirani na obmani - kada gledate neki film ili emisiju, skoro svaki zvuk koji čujete je lažan. U ovom govoru bogatom zvucima, Tasos Francolas istražuje ulogu zvuka u naraciji i pokazuje kako je lako prevariti naš mozak onim što čujemo.
Tasos Frantzolas - Entrepreneur
Tasos Frantzolas lives and creates at the intersection of audio and technology. Full bio
Tasos Frantzolas lives and creates at the intersection of audio and technology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Želim da počnem sa jednim eksperimentom.
00:12
I want to start by doing an experiment.
0
952
2524
00:16
I'm going to play three videos
of a rainy day.
of a rainy day.
1
4857
3450
Pustiću vam tri snimka kišnog dana.
00:20
But I've replaced the audio
of one of the videos,
of one of the videos,
2
8935
3884
Međutim, zamenio sam zvuk
na jednom snimku,
na jednom snimku,
00:24
and instead of the sound of rain,
3
12843
2374
i umesto zvuka kiše,
00:27
I've added the sound of bacon frying.
4
15241
3068
dodao sam zvuk prženja slanine.
00:31
So I want you think carefully
which one the clip with the bacon is.
which one the clip with the bacon is.
5
19137
3972
Želim da pažljivo razmislite
u kom snimku se čuje slanina.
u kom snimku se čuje slanina.
00:35
(Rain falls)
6
23695
1912
(Pada kiša)
00:39
(Rain falls)
7
27394
1906
(Pada kiša)
00:43
(Rain falls)
8
31627
1905
(Pada kiša)
00:52
All right.
9
40611
1282
U redu.
00:55
Actually, I lied.
10
43064
2574
U stvari, lagao sam.
00:57
They're all bacon.
11
45662
1270
Na svima je slanina.
00:58
(Bacon sizzles)
12
46956
1575
(Slanina cvrči)
01:04
(Applause)
13
52276
2027
(Aplauz)
01:09
My point here isn't really
to make you hungry
to make you hungry
14
57216
3273
Poenta ovde nije da izazovem
osećaj gladi kod vas
osećaj gladi kod vas
01:12
every time you see a rainy scene,
15
60513
1649
kad god vidite scenu sa kišom,
01:14
but it's to show that our brains
are conditioned to embrace the lies.
are conditioned to embrace the lies.
16
62186
5920
već da vam pokažem da je naš mozak
uslovljen da prihvata laži.
uslovljen da prihvata laži.
01:20
We're not looking for accuracy.
17
68696
2098
Mi ne tražimo tačnost.
01:23
So on the subject of deception,
18
71754
2785
Kada je u pitanju obmana,
01:26
I wanted to quote one
of my favorite authors.
of my favorite authors.
19
74563
3363
želim da citiram
jednog od mojih omiljenih autora.
jednog od mojih omiljenih autora.
01:29
In "The Decay of Lying,"
Oscar Wilde establishes the idea
Oscar Wilde establishes the idea
20
77950
6949
U „Propasti laganja“,
Oskar Vajld je postavio ideju
Oskar Vajld je postavio ideju
01:36
that all bad art comes from copying
nature and being realistic;
nature and being realistic;
21
84923
5609
da sva loša umetnost potiče
iz kopiranja prirode i realističnosti;
iz kopiranja prirode i realističnosti;
01:43
and all great art comes
from lying and deceiving,
from lying and deceiving,
22
91096
5244
a sva sjajna umetnost proističe
iz laganja i obmane,
iz laganja i obmane,
01:49
and telling beautiful, untrue things.
23
97030
3033
i pričanja divnih, neistinitih stvari.
01:52
So when you're watching a movie
24
100087
3914
Tako, kada gledate film
01:56
and a phone rings,
25
104890
1512
i telefon zazvoni,
01:58
it's not actually ringing.
26
106426
2002
on zapravo ne zvoni.
02:00
It's been added later
in postproduction in a studio.
in postproduction in a studio.
27
108942
4254
To je dodato kasnije
u postprodukciji u studiju.
u postprodukciji u studiju.
02:05
All of the sounds you hear are fake.
28
113220
2854
Svi zvukovi koje čujete su lažni.
02:08
Everything, apart from the dialogue,
29
116098
1810
Sve, osim dijaloga,
je lažno.
02:09
is fake.
30
117932
1154
Kada gledate film i vidite
kako ptica maše krilima -
kako ptica maše krilima -
02:11
When you watch a movie and you see
a bird flapping its wings --
a bird flapping its wings --
31
119110
3660
02:14
(Wings flap)
32
122794
2021
(Klepetanje krila)
02:18
They haven't really recorded the bird.
33
126141
2263
Oni nisu stvarno usnimili pticu.
02:20
It sounds a lot more realistic
if you record a sheet
if you record a sheet
34
128428
4994
To zvuči mnogo realističnije
ako snimite čaršav
ako snimite čaršav
02:25
or shaking kitchen gloves.
35
133446
1552
ili tresete kuhinjske rukavice.
02:27
(Flaps)
36
135022
2352
(Lepršanje)
02:30
The burning of a cigarette up close --
37
138849
2943
Cigareta koja gori izbliza -
02:33
(Cigarette burns)
38
141816
1997
(Cigareta gori)
02:37
It actually sounds a lot more authentic
39
145351
2751
Zvuči mnogo autentičnije
02:40
if you take a small Saran Wrap ball
40
148126
2845
ako uzmete malu loptu od plastične folije
02:42
and release it.
41
150995
1218
i pustite je.
02:44
(A Saran Warp ball being released)
42
152237
3143
(Loptica od folije je puštena)
02:47
Punches?
43
155869
1403
Udarci?
02:49
(Punch)
44
157296
1522
(Udarac)
02:50
Oops, let me play that again.
45
158842
1932
Ups, hajde da pustim opet.
02:52
(Punch)
46
160798
1199
(Udarac)
02:54
That's often done by sticking
a knife in vegetables,
a knife in vegetables,
47
162535
3736
To se često radi
tako što se nož zabode u povrće,
tako što se nož zabode u povrće,
02:58
usually cabbage.
48
166295
1422
obično u kupus.
03:00
(Cabbage stabbed with a knife)
49
168661
1452
(Kupus uboden nožem)
03:02
The next one -- it's breaking bones.
50
170788
2964
Sledeće - lomljenje kostiju.
03:05
(Bones break)
51
173776
2225
(Lomljenje kostiju)
03:08
Well, no one was really harmed.
52
176670
2334
Pa, niko nije zaista povređen.
03:11
It's actually ...
53
179028
1400
To je zapravo...
03:13
breaking celery or frozen lettuce.
54
181163
3255
lomljenje celera
ili zamrznute zelene salate.
ili zamrznute zelene salate.
03:16
(Breaking frozen lettuce or celery)
55
184442
2041
(Lomljenje zelene salate ili celera)
03:18
(Laughter)
56
186947
1232
(Smeh)
03:21
Making the right sounds
is not always as easy
is not always as easy
57
189253
4715
Pravljenje odgovarajućih zvukova
nije uvek tako lako
nije uvek tako lako
03:25
as a trip to the supermarket
58
193992
1907
kao odlazak u supermarket
03:27
and going to the vegetable section.
59
195923
2696
i biranje povrća.
03:30
But it's often a lot more
complicated than that.
complicated than that.
60
198643
2375
Često je dosta složenije od toga.
03:33
So let's reverse-engineer together
61
201042
3023
Pa hajde da zajedno otkrijemo
kako se otpočetka odvija
kako se otpočetka odvija
03:36
the creation of a sound effect.
62
204089
2324
stvaranje zvučnih efekata.
03:38
One of my favorite stories
comes from Frank Serafine.
comes from Frank Serafine.
63
206437
3349
Jedna od mojih omiljenih priča
dolazi od Frenka Serafina.
dolazi od Frenka Serafina.
03:41
He's a contributor to our library,
64
209810
1851
On je donator naše biblioteke
03:43
and a great sound designer for "Tron"
and "Star Trek" and others.
and "Star Trek" and others.
65
211685
3562
i veliki dizajner zvuka za „Tron“,
„Zvezdane staze“ i ostale.
„Zvezdane staze“ i ostale.
03:48
He was part of the Paramount team
that won the Oscar for best sound
that won the Oscar for best sound
66
216291
5258
On je bio deo Paramauntovog tima
koji je dobio Oskara za najbolji zvuk
koji je dobio Oskara za najbolji zvuk
03:53
for "The Hunt for Red October."
67
221573
1931
za „Lov na Crveni oktobar“.
03:55
In this Cold War classic, in the '90s,
68
223528
3390
U ovom klasiku o hladnom ratu, 90-ih,
03:58
they were asked to produce the sound
of the propeller of the submarine.
of the propeller of the submarine.
69
226942
4785
tražili su im da proizvedu zvuk
propelera na podmornici.
propelera na podmornici.
04:03
So they had a small problem:
70
231751
1345
Naišli su na mali problem:
04:05
they couldn't really find
a submarine in West Hollywood.
a submarine in West Hollywood.
71
233120
3520
nisu zapravo mogli da pronađu
podmornicu u Zapadnom Holivudu.
podmornicu u Zapadnom Holivudu.
04:08
So basically, what they did is,
72
236664
3658
Ono što su oni, praktično, uradili bilo je
04:12
they went to a friend's swimming pool,
73
240346
3355
da su otišli do bazena jednog prijatelja
04:15
and Frank performed
a cannonball, or bomba.
a cannonball, or bomba.
74
243725
4535
i Frenk je izveo topovsko đule ili bombu.
04:21
They placed an underwater mic
75
249069
2196
Postavili su podvodni mikrofon
04:23
and an overhead mic
outside the swimming pool.
outside the swimming pool.
76
251289
2776
i mikrofon izvan bazena.
04:26
So here's what the underwater
mic sounds like.
mic sounds like.
77
254089
3253
Ovako je zvučao podvodni mikrofon.
04:29
(Underwater plunge)
78
257366
1535
(Skok pod vodu)
04:31
Adding the overhead mic,
79
259608
1506
Dodavanjem mikrofona van vode,
04:33
it sounded a bit like this:
80
261138
1953
zvučalo je otprilike ovako:
04:35
(Water splashes)
81
263115
2375
(Zapljuskivanje vode)
04:37
So now they took the sound
and pitched it one octave down,
and pitched it one octave down,
82
265514
4447
Onda su uzeli taj zvuk
i smanjili ga za jednu oktavu,
i smanjili ga za jednu oktavu,
04:41
sort of like slowing down a record.
83
269985
2476
nešto kao usporavanje snimka.
04:44
(Water splashes at lower octave)
84
272850
2416
(Voda prska za oktavu niže)
04:47
And then they removed
a lot of the high frequencies.
a lot of the high frequencies.
85
275929
2768
I onda su uklonili
dosta visokih frekvencija.
dosta visokih frekvencija.
04:50
(Water splashes)
86
278721
2275
(Zapljuskivanje vode)
04:53
And pitched it down another octave.
87
281020
2056
I smanjili za još jednu oktavu.
04:56
(Water splashes at lower octave)
88
284314
2288
(Voda prska za oktavu niže)
04:58
And then they added
a little bit of the splash
a little bit of the splash
89
286626
2506
I onda su pridodali malo zapljuskivanja
05:01
from the overhead microphone.
90
289156
2284
iz mikrofona van vode.
05:03
(Water splashes)
91
291464
3165
(Zapljuskivanje vode)
05:06
And by looping and repeating that sound,
92
294653
2538
Vrtenjem u krug i ponavljanjem tog zvuka,
05:09
they got this:
93
297215
1190
dobili su ovo:
05:10
(Propeller churns)
94
298429
2841
(Okretanje propelera)
05:16
So, creativity and technology put together
in order to create the illusion
in order to create the illusion
95
304463
6528
Tako su kreativnost i tehnologija
udruženi kako bi se stvorila iluzija
udruženi kako bi se stvorila iluzija
05:23
that we're inside the submarine.
96
311015
3171
da smo unutar podmornice.
05:26
But once you've created your sounds
97
314868
3361
Ali jednom kada stvorite zvukove
05:30
and you've synced them to the image,
98
318253
2394
i sinhronizujete ih sa slikom,
05:32
you want those sounds to live
in the world of the story.
in the world of the story.
99
320671
4051
želite da ovi zvukovi žive
u svetu te priče.
u svetu te priče.
05:37
And one the best ways to do
that is to add reverb.
that is to add reverb.
100
325397
4034
A jedan od najboljih načina da se to uradi
je da se doda reverberacija.
je da se doda reverberacija.
05:41
So this is the first audio tool
I want to talk about.
I want to talk about.
101
329997
2615
Ovo je prvi tonski alat
o kome želim da pričam.
o kome želim da pričam.
05:45
Reverberation, or reverb,
is the persistence of the sound
is the persistence of the sound
102
333198
5122
Odjek, ili reverberacija,
je istrajnost zvuka
je istrajnost zvuka
05:50
after the original sound has ended.
103
338344
1931
nakon što se originalni zvuk završio.
05:52
So it's sort of like the --
104
340299
2568
To je nešto kao -
05:54
all the reflections from the materials,
105
342891
3036
sva odbijanja zvuka od materijala,
05:57
the objects and the walls
around the sound.
around the sound.
106
345951
2887
predmeta i zidova u okolini zvuka.
06:00
Take, for example, the sound of a gunshot.
107
348862
2212
Uzmite, primera radi, zvuk pucnja.
06:03
The original sound is less
than half a second long.
than half a second long.
108
351098
3002
Originalni zvuk traje
kraće od pola sekunde.
kraće od pola sekunde.
06:08
(Gunshot)
109
356138
1150
(Pucanj)
06:09
By adding reverb,
110
357747
1689
Dodavanjem odjeka,
06:11
we can make it sound like
it was recorded inside a bathroom.
it was recorded inside a bathroom.
111
359460
3217
možemo da napravimo zvuk
koji kao da je sniman u kupatilu.
koji kao da je sniman u kupatilu.
06:15
(Gunshot reverbs in bathroom)
112
363470
1563
(Odjek pucnja u kupatilu)
06:17
Or like it was recorded
inside a chapel or a church.
inside a chapel or a church.
113
365057
3505
Ili kao da je snimljen u kapeli ili crkvi.
06:20
(Gunshot reverbs church)
114
368887
1553
(Odjek pucnja u crkvi)
06:23
Or in a canyon.
115
371043
2004
Ili u kanjonu.
06:26
(Gunshot reverbs in canyon)
116
374199
1761
(Odjek pucnja u kanjonu)
06:27
So reverb gives us a lot of information
117
375984
2653
Tako nam odjek daje dosta informacija
06:30
about the space between the listener
and the original sound source.
and the original sound source.
118
378661
4930
o prostoru između slušaoca
i originalnog izvora zvuka.
i originalnog izvora zvuka.
06:35
If the sound is the taste,
119
383615
2109
Ako je zvuk ukus,
06:37
then reverb is sort of like
the smell of the sound.
the smell of the sound.
120
385748
4184
onda je odjek nešto kao miris zvuka.
06:42
But reverb can do a lot more.
121
390309
2158
Ali odjek može dosta više od toga.
06:44
Listening to a sound
with a lot less reverberation
with a lot less reverberation
122
392491
3910
Slušajući zvuk sa dosta manje odjeka
06:48
than the on-screen action
123
396425
2083
nego tokom akcije na ekranu
06:50
is going to immediately signify to us
124
398532
3020
će nam odmah naznačiti
06:53
that we're listening to a commentator,
125
401576
2643
da slušamo komentatora,
06:56
to an objective narrator that's not
participating in the on-screen action.
participating in the on-screen action.
126
404243
4791
objektivnog naratora
koji ne učestvuje u akciji na ekranu.
koji ne učestvuje u akciji na ekranu.
07:02
Also, emotionally intimate
moments in cinema
moments in cinema
127
410471
4191
Takođe, emotivno intimni trenuci
u bioskopu se često čuju bez odjeka,
u bioskopu se često čuju bez odjeka,
07:06
are often heard with zero reverb,
128
414686
1947
07:08
because that's how it would sound
if someone was speaking inside our ear.
if someone was speaking inside our ear.
129
416657
3970
zato što bi tako zvučalo
kad bi nam neko pričao unutar uveta.
kad bi nam neko pričao unutar uveta.
07:13
On the completely other side,
130
421024
1961
Na potpuno drugom kraju,
07:15
adding a lot of reverb to a voice
131
423009
2496
dodavanje dosta odjeka glasu
07:17
is going to make us think
that we're listening to a flashback,
that we're listening to a flashback,
132
425529
3377
će učiniti da mislimo da slušamo flešbek,
07:21
or perhaps that we're inside
the head of a character
the head of a character
133
429637
3309
ili da smo možda u glavi lika
07:25
or that we're listening
to the voice of God.
to the voice of God.
134
433946
2476
ili da slušamo glas Boga.
07:28
Or, even more powerful in film,
135
436446
2262
Ili, što je još moćnije za film,
07:30
Morgan Freeman.
136
438732
1487
Morgana Frimena.
07:32
(Laughter)
137
440243
1284
(Smeh)
07:33
So --
138
441551
1167
Tako -
07:34
(Applause)
139
442742
2230
(Aplauz)
07:37
But what are some other tools or hacks
140
445502
3871
Koji su to drugi alati ili trikovi
07:41
that sound designers use?
141
449397
1860
koje dizajneri zvuka koriste?
07:44
Well, here's a really big one.
142
452186
2303
Pa, evo ga jedan stvarno veliki.
07:51
It's silence.
143
459901
1297
To je tišina.
07:53
A few moments of silence
is going to make us pay attention.
is going to make us pay attention.
144
461807
3604
Par trenutaka tišine
će nam privući pažnju.
će nam privući pažnju.
07:57
And in the Western world,
145
465881
2440
A u Zapadnom svetu
08:00
we're not really used to verbal silences.
146
468345
2123
obično nismo navikli na verbalnu tišinu.
08:02
They're considered awkward or rude.
147
470492
3029
Smatra se čudnom ili nepristojnom.
08:06
So silence preceding verbal communication
148
474537
3573
Tako tišina koja prethodi
verbalnoj komunikaciji
verbalnoj komunikaciji
08:11
can create a lot of tension.
149
479021
2060
može stvoriti dosta napetosti.
08:13
But imagine a really big Hollywood movie,
150
481105
3705
Ali zamislite zaista veliki
holivudski film,
holivudski film,
08:16
where it's full of explosions
and automatic guns.
and automatic guns.
151
484834
4344
gde ima dosta eksplozija
i automatskog oružja.
i automatskog oružja.
08:22
Loud stops being loud
anymore, after a while.
anymore, after a while.
152
490389
3595
Glasno prestaje da bude glasno,
nakon nekog vremena.
nakon nekog vremena.
08:26
So in a yin-yang way,
153
494008
1944
Po principu jing-janga,
08:27
silence needs loudness
and loudness needs silence
and loudness needs silence
154
495976
3137
tišini je potrebna buka
i buci je potrebna tišina
i buci je potrebna tišina
08:31
for either of them to have any effect.
155
499137
2398
da bi bilo koje od njih imalo efekta.
08:34
But what does silence mean?
156
502350
1377
Ali šta znači tišina?
08:35
Well, it depends how
it's used in each film.
it's used in each film.
157
503751
2938
Pa, zavisi kako se koristi u nekom filmu.
08:39
Silence can place us inside
the head of a character
the head of a character
158
507416
3179
Tišina nas može smestiti unutar glave lika
08:42
or provoke thought.
159
510619
1618
ili navesti na razmišljanje.
08:44
We often relate silences with ...
160
512261
3053
Često tišinu povezujemo sa...
08:48
contemplation,
161
516654
1318
razmišljanjem,
08:50
meditation,
162
518558
1257
meditacijom,
08:53
being deep in thought.
163
521185
1567
zamišljenošću.
08:56
But apart from having one meaning,
164
524569
3102
Ali osim što ima jedno značenje,
08:59
silence becomes a blank canvas
165
527695
2170
tišina postaje čisto platno
09:01
upon which the viewer is invited
to the paint their own thoughts.
to the paint their own thoughts.
166
529889
4525
na kome se gledalac poziva
da naslika sopstvene misli.
da naslika sopstvene misli.
09:06
But I want to make it clear:
there is no such thing as silence.
there is no such thing as silence.
167
534962
3676
Međutim, želim da razjasnim:
ne postoji takva stvar kao tišina.
ne postoji takva stvar kao tišina.
09:11
And I know this sounds like the most
pretentious TED Talk statement ever.
pretentious TED Talk statement ever.
168
539192
4445
Znam da to zvuči kao najuobraženija izjava
ikada na TED govoru.
ikada na TED govoru.
09:16
But even if you were to enter
a room with zero reverberation
a room with zero reverberation
169
544835
5305
Ali čak i kad biste ušli u prostoriju
sa nultim odjekom
sa nultim odjekom
09:22
and zero external sounds,
170
550164
2065
i nultim spoljašnjim zvukom,
09:24
you would still be able to hear
the pumping of your own blood.
the pumping of your own blood.
171
552253
3117
i dalje biste mogli da čujete
pumpanje krvi u vama.
pumpanje krvi u vama.
09:28
And in cinema, traditionally,
there was never a silent moment
there was never a silent moment
172
556004
4317
I u bioskopu, tradicionalno,
nikad nije postojao trenutak tišine
nikad nije postojao trenutak tišine
09:32
because of the sound of the projector.
173
560345
1920
zbog zvuka projektora.
09:34
And even in today's Dolby world,
174
562716
2447
A čak i danas u Dolbi svetu,
09:38
there's not really any moment of silence
if you listen around you.
if you listen around you.
175
566034
3281
ne postoji zaista neki momenat tišine
ako slušate oko sebe.
ako slušate oko sebe.
09:42
There's always some sort of noise.
176
570485
2225
Uvek postoji neka vrsta šuma.
09:44
Now, since there's no such
thing as silence,
thing as silence,
177
572734
2927
E, sad, pošto tišina kao takva ne postoji,
09:47
what do filmmakers
and sound designers use?
and sound designers use?
178
575685
3571
šta režiseri i dizajneri zvuka koriste?
09:51
Well, as a synonym,
they often use ambiences.
they often use ambiences.
179
579280
4496
Pa, kao sinonim,
često koriste zvukove okoline.
često koriste zvukove okoline.
09:56
Ambiences are the unique background sounds
180
584307
3869
Zvuke okoline čine
jedinstveni pozadinski zvuci
jedinstveni pozadinski zvuci
10:00
that are specific to each location.
181
588200
3048
koji su specifični za svaku lokaciju.
10:03
Each location has a unique sound,
182
591272
1849
Svaka lokacija ima jedinstven zvuk
10:05
and each room has a unique sound,
183
593145
1976
i svaka prostorija ima jedinstven zvuk,
10:07
which is called room tone.
184
595145
1573
koji se naziva ton prostorije.
10:08
So here's a recording
of a market in Morocco.
of a market in Morocco.
185
596742
2423
Evo snimka sa pijace u Maroku.
10:11
(Voices, music)
186
599189
2940
(Glasovi, muzika)
10:17
And here's a recording
of Times Square in New York.
of Times Square in New York.
187
605470
2768
A evo snimka Tajms Skvera u Njujorku.
10:20
(Traffic sounds, car horns, voices)
188
608843
4523
(Zvuk saobraćaja, sirene kola, glasovi)
10:27
Room tone is the addition of all
the noises inside the room:
the noises inside the room:
189
615449
3622
Ton prostorije je zbir
svih zvukova unutar prostorije:
svih zvukova unutar prostorije:
10:31
the ventilation, the heating, the fridge.
190
619095
2389
ventilacije, grejanja, frižidera.
10:33
Here's a recording
of my apartment in Brooklyn.
of my apartment in Brooklyn.
191
621508
2911
Ovo je snimak iz mog stana u Bruklinu.
10:36
(You can hear the ventilation, the boiler,
the fridge and street traffic)
the fridge and street traffic)
192
624443
4878
(Možete čuti ventilaciju, bojler,
frižider i saobraćaj sa ulice)
frižider i saobraćaj sa ulice)
10:47
Ambiences work in a most primal way.
193
635422
4304
Zvuci okoline deluju
na najjednostavniji mogući način.
na najjednostavniji mogući način.
10:52
They can speak directly
to our brain subconsciously.
to our brain subconsciously.
194
640718
2854
Oni se direktno obraćaju
našem mozgu podsvesno.
našem mozgu podsvesno.
10:56
So, birds chirping outside your window
may indicate normality,
may indicate normality,
195
644538
5849
Tako kada ptice cvrkuću na prozoru
može ukazivati na normalnost,
može ukazivati na normalnost,
11:02
perhaps because, as a species,
196
650937
2791
možda zato što smo kao vrsta
11:05
we've been used to that sound
every morning for millions of years.
every morning for millions of years.
197
653752
4137
naviknuti na taj zvuk
svakog jutra milionima godina.
svakog jutra milionima godina.
11:10
(Birds chirp)
198
658360
3943
(Ptice cvrkuću)
11:17
On the other hand, industrial sounds
have been introduced to us
have been introduced to us
199
665839
3641
Sa druge strane, sa industrijskim zvucima
smo upoznati nešto skorije.
smo upoznati nešto skorije.
11:21
a little more recently.
200
669504
1491
11:23
Even though I really like
them personally --
them personally --
201
671969
2058
Iako mi se lično stvarno dopadaju -
11:26
they've been used by one
of my heroes, David Lynch,
of my heroes, David Lynch,
202
674051
2413
koristio ih je jedan
od mojih heroja, Dejvid Linč,
od mojih heroja, Dejvid Linč,
11:28
and his sound designer, Alan Splet --
203
676488
1935
i njegov dizajner zvuka, Alan Splet -
11:30
industrial sounds often carry
negative connotations.
negative connotations.
204
678447
2562
industrijski zvuci često imaju
negativne konotacije.
negativne konotacije.
11:33
(Machine noises)
205
681033
2754
(Zvuci mašina)
11:40
Now, sound effects can tap
into our emotional memory.
into our emotional memory.
206
688092
4856
E, sad, zvučni efekti mogu da se urežu
u naše emocionalno pamćenje.
u naše emocionalno pamćenje.
11:46
Occasionally, they can be so significant
207
694869
2357
Povremeno, oni mogu biti toliko značajni
11:49
that they become a character in a movie.
208
697250
2574
da postanu lik u filmu.
11:52
The sound of thunder may indicate
divine intervention or anger.
divine intervention or anger.
209
700569
4605
Zvuk grmljavine može naznačiti
božansku intervenciju ili bes.
božansku intervenciju ili bes.
11:58
(Thunder)
210
706373
2965
(Grmljavina)
12:03
Church bells can remind us
of the passing of time,
of the passing of time,
211
711957
3975
Crkvena zvona nas mogu podsetiti
na prolaženje vremena,
na prolaženje vremena,
12:07
or perhaps our own mortality.
212
715956
1905
ili možda na našu smrtnost.
12:11
(Bells ring)
213
719827
3514
(Zvone zvona)
12:19
And breaking of glass can
indicate the end of a relationship
indicate the end of a relationship
214
727773
4490
A razbijanje stakla
može nagovestiti kraj veze
može nagovestiti kraj veze
12:24
or a friendship.
215
732287
1228
ili prijateljstva.
12:26
(Glass breaks)
216
734390
1801
(Lomljenje stakla)
12:28
Scientists believe that dissonant sounds,
217
736788
3553
Naučnici veruju da nas disonantni zvuci,
12:32
for example, brass or wind
instruments played very loud,
instruments played very loud,
218
740365
4771
primera radi, glasno sviranje
limenih i duvačkih instrumenata,
limenih i duvačkih instrumenata,
12:38
may remind us of animal howls in nature
219
746438
4444
mogu podsetiti
na urlik životinja u prirodi
na urlik životinja u prirodi
12:42
and therefore create a sense
of irritation or fear.
of irritation or fear.
220
750906
3127
i stoga mogu stvoriti utisak
razdražljivosti ili straha.
razdražljivosti ili straha.
12:46
(Brass and wind instruments play)
221
754506
2931
(Čuju se limeni i duvački instrumenti)
12:52
So now we've spoken
about on-screen sounds.
about on-screen sounds.
222
760714
3172
Do sada smo pričali o zvukovima na ekranu.
12:56
But occasionally, the source
of a sound cannot be seen.
of a sound cannot be seen.
223
764298
4633
Međutim, povremeno,
izvor zvuka se ne može videti.
izvor zvuka se ne može videti.
13:00
That's what we call offscreen sounds,
224
768955
2524
To zovemo zvukovima van ekrana,
13:03
or "acousmatic."
225
771503
1448
ili „akuzmatičnim“ zvucima.
13:05
Acousmatic sounds --
226
773641
1634
Akuzmatični zvuci -
13:07
well, the term "acousmatic" comes
from Pythagoras in ancient Greece,
from Pythagoras in ancient Greece,
227
775887
5033
termin „akuzmatičan“
potiče od Pitagore iz Stare Grčke,
potiče od Pitagore iz Stare Grčke,
13:12
who used to teach behind
a veil or curtain for years,
a veil or curtain for years,
228
780944
3591
koji je imao običaj da predaje
iza vela ili zavese godinama,
iza vela ili zavese godinama,
13:16
not revealing himself to his disciples.
229
784559
3190
ne otkrivajući se učenicima.
13:19
I think the mathematician
and philosopher thought that,
and philosopher thought that,
230
787773
2788
Smatram da je ovaj matematičar
i filozof razmišljao da,
i filozof razmišljao da,
13:23
in that way,
231
791727
1151
na ovaj način,
13:25
his students might focus
more on the voice,
more on the voice,
232
793584
4037
njegovi učenici mogu
da se više koncentrišu na glas,
da se više koncentrišu na glas,
13:29
and his words and its meaning,
233
797645
1964
njegove reči i njihovo značenje,
13:31
rather than the visual of him speaking.
234
799633
3170
nego kada ga vide da govori.
13:34
So sort of like the Wizard of Oz,
235
802827
2699
Nešto poput Čarobnjaka iz Oza
13:37
or "1984's" Big Brother,
236
805550
4814
ili Velikog brata iz „1984“,
13:42
separating the voice from its source,
237
810388
3266
odvajajući glas od njegovog izvora,
13:45
separating cause and effect
238
813678
1891
odvajajući uzrok i posledicu,
13:48
sort of creates a sense
of ubiquity or panopticism,
of ubiquity or panopticism,
239
816379
3795
nekako stvarajući osećaj
sveprisutnosti ili panopticizma,
sveprisutnosti ili panopticizma,
13:52
and therefore, authority.
240
820198
2080
te stoga i autoriteta.
13:55
There's a strong tradition
of acousmatic sound.
of acousmatic sound.
241
823156
3061
Postoji jaka tradicija akuzmatičnog zvuka.
13:59
Nuns in monasteries in Rome and Venice
used to sing in rooms
used to sing in rooms
242
827129
6610
Monahinje u manastirima u Rimu i Veneciji
imale su običaj da pevaju u prostorijama,
imale su običaj da pevaju u prostorijama,
14:05
up in galleries close to the ceiling,
243
833763
3859
u galerijama blizu plafona,
14:09
creating the illusion that we're listening
to angels up in the sky.
to angels up in the sky.
244
837646
3940
stvarajući iluziju da slušamo
anđele na nebu.
anđele na nebu.
14:14
Richard Wagner famously
created the hidden orchestra
created the hidden orchestra
245
842390
3690
Rihard Vagner je stvorio
čuveni skriveni orkestar
čuveni skriveni orkestar
14:18
that was placed in a pit
between the stage and the audience.
between the stage and the audience.
246
846104
3836
koji je smešten u prostor za orkestar
između bine i publike.
između bine i publike.
14:21
And one of my heroes, Aphex Twin,
famously hid in dark corners of clubs.
famously hid in dark corners of clubs.
247
849964
5043
I jedan od mojih heroja, Efeks Tvin,
koji se skriva u mračnim delovima klubova.
koji se skriva u mračnim delovima klubova.
14:27
I think what all these masters knew
is that by hiding the source,
is that by hiding the source,
248
855420
4743
Smatram da je ono što su svi ovi majstori
znali je da skrivanjem izvora
znali je da skrivanjem izvora
14:32
you create a sense of mystery.
249
860187
1663
stvarate osećaj misterije.
14:33
This has been seen
in cinema over and over,
in cinema over and over,
250
861874
2069
Ovo se u bioskopima viđa iznova i iznova,
14:35
with Hitchcock,
and Ridley Scott in "Alien."
and Ridley Scott in "Alien."
251
863967
3080
sa Hičkokom i Ridlijem Skotom
u „Vanzemaljcu“.
u „Vanzemaljcu“.
14:39
Hearing a sound without knowing its source
252
867071
2392
Čuti zvuk, a ne znati mu izvor
14:41
is going to create some sort of tension.
253
869487
3225
će stvoriti određenu vrstu napetosti.
14:46
Also, it can minimize certain visual
restrictions that directors have
restrictions that directors have
254
874530
5614
Takođe, to može smanjiti
vizuelna ograničenja koja reditelji imaju
vizuelna ograničenja koja reditelji imaju
14:52
and can show something
that wasn't there during filming.
that wasn't there during filming.
255
880168
3690
i mogu pokazati nešto
što nije bilo tu tokom snimanja.
što nije bilo tu tokom snimanja.
14:55
And if all this sounds
a little theoretical,
a little theoretical,
256
883882
2085
I ako sve ovo zvuči pomalo teoretski,
14:57
I wanted to play a little video.
257
885991
2406
želeo sam da pustim kratak snimak.
15:01
(Toy squeaks)
258
889289
2527
(Igračka cvili)
15:04
(Typewriter)
259
892383
2651
(Pisaća mašina)
15:07
(Drums)
260
895761
2506
(Bubnjevi)
15:11
(Ping-pong)
261
899164
2321
(Stoni tenis)
15:14
(Knives being sharpened)
262
902484
2960
(Noževi se oštre)
15:17
(Record scratches)
263
905786
3046
(Grebanje ploča)
15:21
(Saw cuts)
264
909405
1186
(Testera seče)
15:22
(Woman screams)
265
910615
1457
(Žena vrišti)
15:24
What I'm sort of trying
to demonstrate with these tools
to demonstrate with these tools
266
912663
3795
Ono što pokušavam
da pokažem sa ovim alatima
da pokažem sa ovim alatima
15:29
is that sound is a language.
267
917930
2189
je da je zvuk jezik.
15:32
It can trick us by transporting
us geographically;
us geographically;
268
920516
3142
Može nas zavarati
premeštajući nas geografski;
premeštajući nas geografski;
15:36
it can change the mood;
269
924571
1516
može promeniti raspoloženje;
15:38
it can set the pace;
270
926579
1421
može podesiti brzinu;
15:41
it can make us laugh
or it can make us scared.
or it can make us scared.
271
929482
3454
može nas nasmejati ili uplašiti.
15:46
On a personal level, I fell
in love with that language
in love with that language
272
934698
3350
Lično sam se zaljubio u taj jezik
15:50
a few years ago,
273
938072
1317
pre nekoliko godina,
15:51
and somehow managed to make it
into some sort of profession.
into some sort of profession.
274
939413
4607
i nekako sam uspeo da ga pretvorim
u neku vrstu zanimanja.
u neku vrstu zanimanja.
15:57
And I think with our work
through the sound library,
through the sound library,
275
945274
3226
I mislim da našim radom
kroz zvučnu laboratoriju,
kroz zvučnu laboratoriju,
16:00
we're trying to kind of expand
the vocabulary of that language.
the vocabulary of that language.
276
948524
5796
pokušavamo da proširimo
rečnik tog jezika.
rečnik tog jezika.
16:07
And in that way, we want
to offer the right tools
to offer the right tools
277
955797
3482
A na taj način želimo da ponudimo
prave alate dizajnerima zvuka,
prave alate dizajnerima zvuka,
16:11
to sound designers,
278
959303
1640
16:12
filmmakers,
279
960967
1348
filmskim stvaraocima
16:14
and video game and app designers,
280
962339
1835
i dizajnerima video igrica i aplikacija
16:16
to keep telling even better stories
281
964748
3135
da bi nastavili da pričaju još bolje priče
16:20
and creating even more beautiful lies.
282
968382
2732
i stvaraju još lepše laži.
16:23
So thanks for listening.
283
971138
1287
Hvala što ste saslušali.
16:24
(Applause)
284
972449
3519
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tasos Frantzolas - EntrepreneurTasos Frantzolas lives and creates at the intersection of audio and technology.
Why you should listen
Tasos Frantzolas is a Greek entrepreneur with roots in sound design and music. He is best known as the founder of Soundsnap.com, a sound effects and music library with over one million users and top clients such as HBO, Vice, Apple, NASA, Konami, Microsoft and Pixar.
Growing up in Athens, Greece with a studio under his house, Frantzolas began producing and writing music at the age of 13. He holds a diploma in audio engineering, a BA in sonic arts and an MA in music production and music business. After his education, he enjoyed a brief stint in the UK's music and post-production industries, including sound design work for the BBC and DJing in east London nightclubs. A keen student of electronic and Jamaican music, he has co-written songs with reggae legends such as Horace Andy and Mykal Rose of Black Uhuru.
Frantzolas's business philosophy focuses on the harmony of art and hi-tech and the use of technology to enrich and enable creativity.
Tasos Frantzolas | Speaker | TED.com