TED-Ed Weekend
Ashton Cofer: A plan to recycle the unrecyclable
Ešton Kofer (Ashton Cofer): Plan mladog pronalazača za reciklažu stiropora
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1,379,778 views
Od mehurića za pakovanje do jednokratnih čaša za kafu, svake godine Sjedinjene države same proizvedu oko milijardu i po kilograma stiropora - od čega nijedan ne može da se reciklira. Frustriran ovim trošenjem sredstava i širenjem deponija, Ešton Kofer i njegovi članovi tima na sajmu nauke razvili su proces zagrevanja u cilju pertvaranja iskorišćenog stiropora u nešto korisno. Pogledajte originalni projekat koji je osvojio Prvu Lego nagradu za globalnu inovaciju, kao i nagradu Naučni američki invoator od strane na Google-ovom sajmu nauke.
Ashton Cofer - Youth inventor
Ashton Cofer and his FIRST Robotics team won the Google Science Fair for developing a process to convert Styrofoam waste into activated carbon for purifying water. Full bio
Ashton Cofer and his FIRST Robotics team won the Google Science Fair for developing a process to convert Styrofoam waste into activated carbon for purifying water. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
It was just an ordinary Saturday.
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Bila je obična subota.
00:15
My dad was outside mowing the lawn,
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Moj otac je kosio dvorište,
00:17
my mom was upstairs folding laundry,
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majka je bila na spratu i slagala odeću,
00:19
my sister was in her room doing homework
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sestra je radila domaći zadatak
u svojoj sobi
u svojoj sobi
00:22
and I was in the basement
playing video games.
playing video games.
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a ja sam igrao video igre u podrumu.
Kad sam se popeo na sprat
da uzmem nešto da popijem,
da uzmem nešto da popijem,
00:25
And as I came upstairs
to get something to drink,
to get something to drink,
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00:27
I looked out the window
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pogledao sam kroz prozor
00:28
and realized that there was something
that I was supposed to be doing,
that I was supposed to be doing,
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i shvatio nešto što je trebalo da radim
00:32
and this is what I saw.
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i video sam ovo.
00:35
No, this wasn't
my family's dinner on fire.
my family's dinner on fire.
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Ne, ovo nije bila moja porodična večera
u plamenu.
u plamenu.
00:39
This was my science project.
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Ovo je bio moj naučni projekat.
00:42
Flames were pouring out,
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Plamen se širio,
00:43
smoke was in the air
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dim je bio u vazduhu
00:44
and it looked like our wooden deck
was about to catch fire.
was about to catch fire.
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i izgledalo je kao da će se naš trem
upravo zapaliti.
upravo zapaliti.
00:48
I immediately started yelling.
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I momentalno sam počeo da vičem.
00:50
My mom was freaking out,
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Moja majka je ludela,
00:51
my dad ran around to put out the fire
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otac je počeo da trči oko vatre
da je ugasi
da je ugasi
00:53
and of course my sister
started recording a Snapchat video.
started recording a Snapchat video.
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a moja sestra je, naravno,
počela da snima Snepčet video.
počela da snima Snepčet video.
00:57
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:59
This was just the beginning
of my team's science project.
of my team's science project.
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Ovo je bio samo početak
mog naučnog projekta.
mog naučnog projekta.
01:03
My team is composed of me
and three other students
and three other students
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Moj tim smo sačinjavali ja
i druga tri studenta
i druga tri studenta
01:06
who are here in the audience today.
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koje su ovde u publici danas.
01:08
We competed in FIRST LEGO League
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Takmičili smo se u Prvoj LEGO ligi,
01:10
which is an international
LEGO robotics competition for kids,
LEGO robotics competition for kids,
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što je internacionalno LEGO takmičenje
u robotici za decu
u robotici za decu
01:13
and in addition to a robotics game,
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i pored robotičkih igara,
01:15
we also worked
on a separate science project,
on a separate science project,
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radili smo i na posebnom naučnom projektu,
01:18
and this was the project
that we were working on.
that we were working on.
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a ovo je bio projekat na kome smo radili.
01:20
So the idea for this project all started
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Ideja za projekat je počela
01:22
when a few months earlier,
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kada je nekoliko meseci ranije
01:24
a couple of my teammates
took a trip to Central America
took a trip to Central America
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nekoliko mojih članova tima otputovalo
u Srednju Ameriku
u Srednju Ameriku
01:27
and saw beaches littered with Styrofoam,
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i videlo plaže zagađene stirporom,
01:29
or expanded polystyrene foam.
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ili pokidanim tablama stiropora.
Kada du došli i rekli nam to,
zaista smo počeli
zaista smo počeli
01:32
And when they came back
and told us about it,
and told us about it,
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01:34
we really started thinking about the ways
in which we see Styrofoam every day.
in which we see Styrofoam every day.
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da razmišljamo o načinima
kako posmatramo stiropor svakodnevno.
kako posmatramo stiropor svakodnevno.
01:37
Get a new flat-screen TV?
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Kupujete novi TV sa ravnim ekranom?
01:39
You end up with a block of Styrofoam
bigger than the TV itself.
bigger than the TV itself.
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Završićete sa tablom stiropora većom
od samog TV-a.
od samog TV-a.
01:43
Drink a cup of coffee?
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Pijete kafu?
01:44
Well, those Styrofoam coffee cups
are sure going to add up.
are sure going to add up.
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Sigurno će vam je servirati u onim
stioporskim čašama.
stioporskim čašama.
01:47
And where do all these items go
after their one-time use?
after their one-time use?
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Gde završavaju svi ti predmeti kada se
jednokratno iskoriste?
jednokratno iskoriste?
01:51
Since there aren't any good
existing solutions for used Styrofoam,
existing solutions for used Styrofoam,
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S obzirom da ne postoji nijedan
dobar sistem za iskorišćeni stiropor,
dobar sistem za iskorišćeni stiropor,
01:54
almost all of them
end up right in the landfill,
end up right in the landfill,
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gotovo svi oni završe na deponiji
01:57
or the oceans and beaches,
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ili u okeanima i plažama
01:58
taking over 500 years to degrade.
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razgrađujući se preko 500 godina.
02:01
And in fact, every year, the US alone
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Zapravo, svake godine,
samo Sjedinjene države
samo Sjedinjene države
02:03
produces over two billion
pounds of Styrofoam,
pounds of Styrofoam,
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proizvedu preko milion tona stiropora,
02:06
filling up a staggering
25 percent of landfills.
25 percent of landfills.
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ispunjavajući zapanjujućih
25 procenata deponija.
25 procenata deponija.
02:09
So why do we have these ghost
accumulations of Styrofoam waste?
accumulations of Styrofoam waste?
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Zašto onda imamo nagomilavanje
otpada u vidu stiropora?
otpada u vidu stiropora?
02:13
Why can't we just recycle them
like many plastics?
like many plastics?
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Zašto ne možemo da ih recikliramo
kao mnoge plastike?
kao mnoge plastike?
02:16
Well, simply put, recycled
polystyrene is too expensive
polystyrene is too expensive
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Jednostavno rečeno,
reciklirani stiropor je previše skup
reciklirani stiropor je previše skup
02:19
and potentially contaminated,
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i potencijalno zagađen,
02:21
so there is very little market demand
for Styrofoam that has to be recycled.
for Styrofoam that has to be recycled.
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te je veoma nizak zahtev tržišta
za stiroporom koji mora da se reciklira.
za stiroporom koji mora da se reciklira.
02:25
And as a result, Styrofoam
is considered a nonrenewable material,
is considered a nonrenewable material,
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Kao rezultat, stiropor se smatra
neobnovljivim materijalom,
neobnovljivim materijalom,
02:29
because it is neither feasible
nor viable to recycle polystyrene.
nor viable to recycle polystyrene.
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jer niti je praktično niti zahvalno
reciklirati polistiren.
reciklirati polistiren.
02:33
And in fact, many cities across the US
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Zapravo, mnogi gradovi širom
Sjedinjenih država
Sjedinjenih država
02:36
have even passed ordinances
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su čak doneli uredbe
02:37
that simply ban the production
of many products containing polystyrene,
of many products containing polystyrene,
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da jednostavno zabrane proizvodnju mnogih
proizvoda koji sadrže polistiren,
proizvoda koji sadrže polistiren,
02:41
which includes disposable utensils,
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što uključuje jednokratne pribore,
02:43
packing peanuts, takeout containers
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kuglice stiropora, ambalaže za poneti,
02:45
and even plastic beach toys,
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čak i plastične igračke za plažu,
02:47
all products that are very useful
in today's society.
in today's society.
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svi proizvodi koji su veoma korisni
u današnjem društvu.
u današnjem društvu.
02:50
And now France
has become the first country
has become the first country
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Francuska je prva država
02:52
to completely ban all plastic utensils,
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koja je potpuno zabranila sav
plastičan pribor,
plastičan pribor,
02:55
cups and plates.
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čaše i tanjire.
Šta ako bismo mogli da nastavimo
da koristimo stiropor
da koristimo stiropor
02:57
But what if we could keep using Styrofoam
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02:59
and keep benefiting
from its cheap, lightweight, insulating
from its cheap, lightweight, insulating
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i imati korist od njegovih jeftinih,
laganih, izolirskih
laganih, izolirskih
03:03
and excellent packing ability,
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i sjajnih mogućnosti za pakovanje,
03:05
while not having to suffer
from the repercussions
from the repercussions
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bez da patimo od posledica
03:07
of having to dispose of it?
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izlaganja stiroporu?
03:09
What if we could turn it into
something else that's actually useful?
something else that's actually useful?
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Šta ako bismo mogli da ga pretvorimo
u nešto što je zapravo korisno?
u nešto što je zapravo korisno?
03:12
What if we could make
the impossible possible?
the impossible possible?
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Šta ako bismo mogli da nemoguće
učinimo mogućim?
učinimo mogućim?
03:16
My team hypothesized that we could use
the carbon that's already in Styrofoam
the carbon that's already in Styrofoam
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Moji tim je pretpostavio da bismo mogli
da koristimo ugljenik
da koristimo ugljenik
koji se već nalazi u stiroporu
za stvaranje aktivnog uglja,
za stvaranje aktivnog uglja,
03:21
to create activated carbon,
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03:22
which is used in almost
every water filter today.
every water filter today.
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koji se koristi u gotovo
svakom prečišćivaču vode.
svakom prečišćivaču vode.
03:25
And activated carbon works
by using very small micropores
by using very small micropores
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Aktivni ugalj funkcioniše koristeći
izuzetno male mikropore
izuzetno male mikropore
03:29
to filter out contaminants
from water or even air.
from water or even air.
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za pročišćavanje zagađenja iz vode
ili čak vazduha.
ili čak vazduha.
03:32
So we started out
by doing a variety of heating tests,
by doing a variety of heating tests,
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Stoga smo počeli koristećni različite
testove zagrevanja,
testove zagrevanja,
03:36
and unfortunately, we had many failures.
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i nažalost, imali smo mnogo neuspeha.
03:39
Literally, nothing worked.
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Bukvalno ništa nije radilo.
03:42
Besides my dad's grill catching on fire,
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Pored očevog roštilja
kojeg je zahvatila vatra,
kojeg je zahvatila vatra,
03:44
most of our samples
vaporized into nothing,
vaporized into nothing,
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mnogi naši esperimenti su isparili
u prazno.
u prazno.
03:47
or exploded inside expensive furnaces,
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ili su eskplodirali u skupim pećnicama,
03:49
leaving a horribly sticky mess.
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ostavljajući ogroman lepljivi haos.
03:52
In fact, we were so saddened
by our failures that we almost gave up.
by our failures that we almost gave up.
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U stvari, bili smo toliko deprimirani
svojim neuspesima da smo skoro odustali.
svojim neuspesima da smo skoro odustali.
Zašto smo onda nastavili da pokušavamo
03:57
So why did we keep trying
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03:58
when all the adults
said it was impossible?
said it was impossible?
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kada su svi odrasli rekli da je nemoguće?
04:01
Well, maybe it's because we're kids.
We don't know any better.
We don't know any better.
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Možda zato što smo deca.
Ne znamo drugačije.
Ne znamo drugačije.
Istina je da smo nastavli da pokušavamo
jer smo mislili da je i dalje moguće.
jer smo mislili da je i dalje moguće.
04:04
But the truth is, we kept trying
because we thought it was still possible.
because we thought it was still possible.
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04:08
We knew that if we were successful,
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Znali smo da ako budemo uspeli
04:10
we would be helping the environment
and making the world a better place.
and making the world a better place.
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pomogli bismo čitavom okruženju
i učinili svet lepšim mestom.
i učinili svet lepšim mestom.
04:13
So we kept trying
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Nastavili smo da pokušavamo
04:15
and failing
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i podbacujemo
04:16
and trying
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i pokušavamo
04:18
and failing.
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i podbacujemo.
04:20
We were so ready to give up.
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Bili smo spremni da odustanemo.
04:22
But then it happened.
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A onda se to desilo.
04:24
With the right temperatures,
times and chemicals,
times and chemicals,
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Uz pravu temperaturu, vreme i hemikalije,
04:26
we finally got that successful test result
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konačno smo dobili
uspešne rezultate testa
uspešne rezultate testa
04:29
showing us that we had created
activated carbon from Styrofoam waste.
activated carbon from Styrofoam waste.
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koji pokazuju da smo dobili aktivni ugalj
od iskorišćenog stiropora.
od iskorišćenog stiropora.
04:33
And at that moment,
the thing that had been impossible
the thing that had been impossible
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U tom trenutku, nemoguća stvar
04:35
all of a sudden wasn't.
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odjednom je postala moguća.
04:37
It showed us that although we had
many failures at the beginning,
many failures at the beginning,
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Pokazalo nam je da iako smo imali
mnogo neuspeha u početku,
mnogo neuspeha u početku,
ipak smo uspeli da istrajemo kroz njih
da bismo dobili rezultate koje smo želeli.
da bismo dobili rezultate koje smo želeli.
04:40
we were able to persevere through them
to get the test results that we wanted.
to get the test results that we wanted.
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04:44
And moreover, not only were we able
to create activated carbon
to create activated carbon
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Šta više, ne samo da smo uspeli
da stvorimo aktivni ugalj
da stvorimo aktivni ugalj
04:47
for purifying water,
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čišćenjem vode,
04:48
but we were also able
to reduce Styrofoam waste,
to reduce Styrofoam waste,
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već smo uspeli da smanjimo količinu
iskorišćenog stiropora,
iskorišćenog stiropora,
04:51
solving two global problems
with just one solution.
with just one solution.
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rešavajući tako dva globalna problema
jednim potezom.
jednim potezom.
04:54
So from then on, we were inspired
to take our project further,
to take our project further,
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Od tada smo bili inspirisani
da unapredimo svoj projekat,
da unapredimo svoj projekat,
04:57
performing more tests
to make it more effective
to make it more effective
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i vršili smo još testova
kako bismo pojačali efekat
kako bismo pojačali efekat
04:59
and testing it in real world situations.
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i testirali ga u realnim situacijama.
05:01
We then proceeded to receive funding
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Onda smo dobili sredstva
05:03
from the NSTA's eCYBERMISSION
STEM-in-Action program
STEM-in-Action program
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od NSTA-inog programa
eCYBERMISSION STEM-in-Action,
eCYBERMISSION STEM-in-Action,
05:06
sponsored by the US Army,
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koji je sponzorisala američka vojska,
05:08
as well as FIRST Global Innovation Awards
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kao i nagradu Prve Globalne Inovacije
05:10
sponsored by XPRIZE.
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koju je sponzorisao XPRIZE.
05:12
And we were also honored
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Dobili smo nagradu
05:13
with the Scientific American
Innovator Award
Innovator Award
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za naučnog američkog inovatora
05:16
from Google Science Fair.
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koju dodelio Google naučni sajam.
05:18
And using these funds, we plan
to file a full patent on our process
to file a full patent on our process
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Koristeći ova sredstva, odlučili smo
da prijavimo celokupan patent svog procesa
da prijavimo celokupan patent svog procesa
05:21
and to continue to work on our project.
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i nastavimo da radimo na svom projektu.
05:24
So yes, although we started
with catching my dad's grill on fire
with catching my dad's grill on fire
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Iako smo počeli sa gašenjem plamen
sa očevog roštilja
sa očevog roštilja
05:28
and failing so many times
that we almost quit,
that we almost quit,
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i toliko puta grešili
05:31
it was well worth it
when we look back at it now.
when we look back at it now.
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bilo je vredno kada to sada pogledamo.
05:33
We took a problem
that many people said was impossible
that many people said was impossible
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Uzeli smo problem za koji su mnogi ljudi
rekli da je nemoguć
rekli da je nemoguć
05:36
and we made it possible,
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i učinili ga mogućim,
05:38
and we persevered when it looked
like nothing that we did would work.
like nothing that we did would work.
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i nastavili smo dalje kada je delovalo
kao da ništa ne bi moglo da funkcioniše.
kao da ništa ne bi moglo da funkcioniše.
05:41
We learned that you can't have success
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Naučili smo da ne možeš imati uspeh
05:43
without a little,
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bez malo,
05:45
or a lot, of failure.
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ili mnogo neuspeha.
05:47
So in the future, don't be afraid
if your grill goes up in flames,
if your grill goes up in flames,
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Stoga u budućnosti ne plašite se
ukoliko vam se zapali roštilj,
ukoliko vam se zapali roštilj,
05:51
because you never know
when your idea might just catch fire.
when your idea might just catch fire.
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jer nikad ne znate kada vam ideja
može uhvatiti vatru.
može uhvatiti vatru.
05:55
Thank you.
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ashton Cofer - Youth inventorAshton Cofer and his FIRST Robotics team won the Google Science Fair for developing a process to convert Styrofoam waste into activated carbon for purifying water.
Why you should listen
Ashton Cofer has several patents pending, including a method to convert polystyrene foam waste into activated carbon for purifying water. He and his teammates recently won the 2016 Google Science Fair’s Scientific American Innovator Award. Ashton has a passion for science and technology, and in addition to inventing, he also competed in FIRST LEGO League robotics and teaches robotics workshops to local area youth in his hometown of Columbus, Ohio.
Ashton Cofer | Speaker | TED.com