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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: We should all be feminists
Čimamanda Ngozi Adiči (Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie): Svi bi trebalo da budemo feministi
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Učimo devojčice da mogu da imaju ambicije, ali ne previše... Da budu uspešne, ali ne previše uspešne, jer će biti pretnja muškarcu, kaže spisateljica Čimamanda Ngozi Adiči. U ovom klasičnom govoru koji je pokrenuo razgovor o feminizmu širom sveta, Adiči traži da počnemo da sanjamo i planiramo drugačiji, pravedniji svet - svet srećnijih muškaraca i srećnijih žena koji će više biti ono što zapravo jesu.
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie - Novelist
Inspired by Nigerian history and tragedies all but forgotten by recent generations of westerners, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s novels and stories are jewels in the crown of diasporan literature. Full bio
Inspired by Nigerian history and tragedies all but forgotten by recent generations of westerners, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s novels and stories are jewels in the crown of diasporan literature. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So I would like to start by telling you
about one of my greatest friends,
about one of my greatest friends,
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Želela bih da počnem pričom
o jednom od mojih najboljih prijatelja,
o jednom od mojih najboljih prijatelja,
00:17
Okoloma Maduewesi.
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Okolomi Maduevesi.
00:19
Okoloma lived on my street
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Okoloma je živeo u mojoj ulici
00:21
and looked after me like a big brother.
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i brinuo se o meni kao stariji brat.
00:23
If I liked a boy,
I would ask Okoloma's opinion.
I would ask Okoloma's opinion.
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Ako mi se svidjao neki dečak,
pitala bih Okolomu za mišljenje.
pitala bih Okolomu za mišljenje.
00:28
Okoloma died in the notorious
Sosoliso plane crash
Sosoliso plane crash
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Okoloma je poginuo
u čuvenoj avionskoj nesreći Sosolisa
u čuvenoj avionskoj nesreći Sosolisa
00:32
in Nigeria in December of 2005.
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u Nigeriji decembra 2005. godine.
00:35
Almost exactly seven years ago.
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Pre skoro tačno sedam godina.
Okoloma je bio osoba sa kojom sam mogla
da se svađam, smejem i zaista razgovaram.
da se svađam, smejem i zaista razgovaram.
00:38
Okoloma was a person I could argue with,
laugh with and truly talk to.
laugh with and truly talk to.
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00:43
He was also the first person
to call me a feminist.
to call me a feminist.
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On je bio i prva osoba
koja me je nazvala feministkinjom.
koja me je nazvala feministkinjom.
Imala sam oko 14 godina,
bili smo u njegovoj kući i svađali se.
bili smo u njegovoj kući i svađali se.
00:47
I was about fourteen,
we were at his house, arguing.
we were at his house, arguing.
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00:50
Both of us bristling
with half bit knowledge
with half bit knowledge
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Oboje puni poluznanja
iz knjiga koje smo čitali.
iz knjiga koje smo čitali.
00:53
from books that we had read.
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00:55
I don't remember what this
particular argument was about,
particular argument was about,
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Ne sećam se o čemu je ova rasprava bila,
ali se sećam da me je,
dok sam se svađala i svađala,
dok sam se svađala i svađala,
00:59
but I remember
that as I argued and argued,
that as I argued and argued,
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01:01
Okoloma looked at me and said,
"You know, you're a feminist."
"You know, you're a feminist."
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Okoloma pogledao i rekao mi:
„Znaš, ti si feministkinja.“
„Znaš, ti si feministkinja.“
To nije bio kompliment.
01:05
It was not a compliment.
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01:07
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
Mogla sam da zaključim po njegovom tonu,
01:08
I could tell from his tone,
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01:09
the same tone that you would use
to say something like,
to say something like,
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istom onom tonu
koji biste koristili da kažete:
koji biste koristili da kažete:
01:12
"You're a supporter of terrorism."
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„Ti podržavaš terorizam.“
01:14
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:17
I did not know exactly
what this word "feminist" meant,
what this word "feminist" meant,
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Nisam tačno znala
šta znači reč „feministkinja“,
šta znači reč „feministkinja“,
01:20
and I did not want Okoloma
to know that I did not know.
to know that I did not know.
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a nisam htela da Okoloma zna da ne znam.
01:24
So I brushed it aside,
and I continued to argue.
and I continued to argue.
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Zanemarila sam to
i nastavila da se svađam.
i nastavila da se svađam.
Prvo što sam planirala
da uradim kad dođem kući
da uradim kad dođem kući
01:27
And the first thing
I planned to do when I got home
I planned to do when I got home
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bilo je da potražim
reč „feministkinja“ u rečniku.
reč „feministkinja“ u rečniku.
01:29
was to look up the word
"feminist" in the dictionary.
"feminist" in the dictionary.
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01:32
Now fast forward to some years later,
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Nekoliko godina kasnije,
01:35
I wrote a novel about a man
who among other things beats his wife
who among other things beats his wife
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napisala sam roman o čoveku koji,
između ostalog, bije svoju ženu
između ostalog, bije svoju ženu
01:39
and whose story doesn't end very well.
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i čija priča se ne završava dobro.
01:42
While I was promoting
the novel in Nigeria,
the novel in Nigeria,
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Dok sam promovisala roman u Nigeriji,
01:44
a journalist, a nice, well-meaning man,
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jedan novinar, fini čovek
sa dobrim namerama,
sa dobrim namerama,
01:47
told me he wanted to advise me.
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rekao mi je da želi da me posavetuje.
Ko je Nigerijac ovde, sigurna sam da zna
01:51
And for the Nigerians here,
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01:52
I'm sure we're all familiar
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01:54
with how quick our people are
to give unsolicited advice.
to give unsolicited advice.
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koliko su ljudi rado spremni
da daju savete koje im niko ne traži.
da daju savete koje im niko ne traži.
02:01
He told me that people were saying
that my novel was feminist
that my novel was feminist
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Rekao mi je kako ljudi pričaju
da je moj roman feministički
da je moj roman feministički
02:05
and his advice to me --
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i njegov savet meni -
a klimao je glavom tužno dok je pričao -
a klimao je glavom tužno dok je pričao -
02:06
and he was shaking his head
sadly as he spoke --
sadly as he spoke --
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bio je da ne treba
da nazivam sebe feministkinjom
da nazivam sebe feministkinjom
02:10
was that I should never
call myself a feminist
call myself a feminist
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02:12
because feminists
are women who are unhappy
are women who are unhappy
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zato što su to žene koje su nesrećne
02:14
because they cannot find husbands.
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jer ne mogu da nađu muža.
02:16
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
02:21
So I decided to call myself
"a happy feminist."
"a happy feminist."
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Tako da sam rešila da nazovem sebe
„srećnom feministkinjom“.
„srećnom feministkinjom“.
02:25
Then an academic, a Nigerian woman told me
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Potom mi je jedna školovana Nigerijka
rekla da feminizam nije u našoj kulturi,
rekla da feminizam nije u našoj kulturi,
02:27
that feminism was not our culture
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da feminizam nije afrički,
02:29
and that feminism wasn't African,
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i da ja nazivam sebe feministkinjom
02:31
and that I was calling myself a feminist
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zato što su me zavele
„zapadnjačke knjige“.
„zapadnjačke knjige“.
02:33
because I had been corrupted
by "Western books."
by "Western books."
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Što me je zabavljalo,
02:36
Which amused me,
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zato što su mnoge od mojih prvih knjiga
bile izričito nefeminističke.
bile izričito nefeminističke.
02:37
because a lot of my early readings
were decidedly unfeminist.
were decidedly unfeminist.
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Mislim da sam pročitala sve romane
izdanja Mils i Bun koji su izdati
izdanja Mils i Bun koji su izdati
02:40
I think I must have read every single
Mills & Boon romance published
Mills & Boon romance published
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pre nego što sam napunila 16 godina.
02:43
before I was sixteen.
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Svaki put kada sam pokušala
da pročitam knjige
da pročitam knjige
02:45
And each time I tried to read those books
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koje nazivaju „feminističkim klasicima“,
02:47
called "the feminist classics,"
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bilo mi je dosadno,
i mučila bih se da ih dovršim.
i mučila bih se da ih dovršim.
02:49
I'd get bored, and I really
struggled to finish them.
struggled to finish them.
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02:52
But anyway, since feminism was un-African,
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U svakom slučaju,
pošto feminizam nije bio afrički,
pošto feminizam nije bio afrički,
02:55
I decided that I would now call myself
"a happy African feminist."
"a happy African feminist."
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rešila sam da se sada nazivam
„srećnom afričkom feministkinjom“.
„srećnom afričkom feministkinjom“.
02:59
At some point I was a happy African
feminist who does not hate men
feminist who does not hate men
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U nekom trenutku, bila sam
srećna afrička feministkinja
srećna afrička feministkinja
koja ne mrzi muškarce,
koja voli sjaj za usne
koja voli sjaj za usne
03:04
and who likes lip gloss
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03:05
and who wears high heels
for herself but not for men.
for herself but not for men.
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i koja nosi štikle zbog sebe,
a ne zbog muškaraca.
a ne zbog muškaraca.
03:08
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:09
Of course a lot of this
was tongue-in-cheek,
was tongue-in-cheek,
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Naravno, sve ovo je bilo šaljivo,
03:12
but that word feminist is so heavy
with baggage, negative baggage.
with baggage, negative baggage.
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ali ta reč feministkinja
ide sa toliko tereta, negativnog tereta.
ide sa toliko tereta, negativnog tereta.
03:16
You hate men, you hate bras,
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Mrziš muškarce, mrziš bruseve,
03:19
you hate African culture,
that sort of thing.
that sort of thing.
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mrziš afričku kulturu, i slično tome.
03:22
Now here's a story from my childhood.
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A evo moje priče iz detinjstva.
03:25
When I was in primary school,
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Kada sam bila u osnovnoj školi,
03:26
my teacher said at the beginning of term
that she would give the class a test
that she would give the class a test
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moja nastavnica je na početku polugodišta
rekla da će dati test razredu
rekla da će dati test razredu
03:31
and whoever got the highest score
would be the class monitor.
would be the class monitor.
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i onaj ko bude imao najbolji rezultat
biće kontrolor razreda.
biće kontrolor razreda.
03:34
Now, class monitor was a big deal.
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A biti kontrolor razreda
je bila velika stvar.
je bila velika stvar.
Kada si kontrolor razreda,
03:37
If you were a class monitor,
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03:39
you got to write down
the names of noisemakers --
the names of noisemakers --
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treba da zapisuješ
imena onih koji prave nered -
imena onih koji prave nered -
03:41
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:43
which was having enough power of its own.
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što je imalo svojih čari.
03:46
But my teacher would also give you
a cane to hold in your hand
a cane to hold in your hand
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Ali nastavnica bi ti takođe dala
da držiš štap u ruci
da držiš štap u ruci
03:51
while you walk around
and patrol the class for noisemakers.
and patrol the class for noisemakers.
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dok se šetaš okolo i nadgledaš
one koji prave nered u razredu.
one koji prave nered u razredu.
03:55
Now, of course you were not
actually allowed to use the cane.
actually allowed to use the cane.
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Naravno, nije bilo dozvoljeno
koristiti štap.
koristiti štap.
03:58
But it was an exciting prospect
for the nine-year-old me.
for the nine-year-old me.
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Ali to je bio uzbudljiva prilika
za mene sa devet godina.
za mene sa devet godina.
04:02
I very much wanted
to be the class monitor.
to be the class monitor.
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Veoma sam želela
da budem kontrolor razreda
da budem kontrolor razreda
04:05
And I got the highest score on the test.
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i dobila sam najbolji rezultat na testu.
Tada je, na moje iznenađenje, nastavnica
rekla da kontrolor mora da bude dečak.
rekla da kontrolor mora da bude dečak.
04:07
Then, to my surprise, my teacher said
that the monitor had to be a boy.
that the monitor had to be a boy.
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04:12
She had forgotten
to make that clear earlier
to make that clear earlier
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Zaboravila je da to razjasni ranije
jer je pretpostavila da je to očigledno.
04:14
because she assumed it was ... obvious.
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04:16
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:18
A boy had the second highest
score on the test,
score on the test,
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Drugi najbolji rezultat
na testu je imao dečak,
na testu je imao dečak,
04:21
and he would be monitor.
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i on bi bio kontrolor.
04:23
Now, what was even more
interesting about this
interesting about this
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Ono što je bilo još interesantnije
je da je dečak bio nežna duša
je da je dečak bio nežna duša
04:26
is that the boy was a sweet, gentle soul
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04:30
who had no interest
in patrolling the class with the cane,
in patrolling the class with the cane,
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i nije bio zainteresovan
da nadgleda razred sa štapom,
da nadgleda razred sa štapom,
04:34
while I was full of ambition to do so.
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dok sam ja bila puna ambicije da to radim.
04:38
But I was female and he was male,
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Ali bila sam žensko, a on je bio muško,
pa je postao kontrolor razreda.
pa je postao kontrolor razreda.
04:40
and so he became the class monitor.
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04:43
And I've never forgotten that incident.
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Nikad nisam zaboravila ovu situaciju.
04:46
I often make the mistake of thinking
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Često grešim kada mislim
04:48
that something that is obvious to me
is just as obvious to everyone else.
is just as obvious to everyone else.
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da je nešto što je očigledno meni
isto tako očigledno i drugima.
isto tako očigledno i drugima.
04:51
Now, take my dear friend Louis
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Uzmimo za primer
mog dobrog prijatelja Luija.
mog dobrog prijatelja Luija.
04:53
for example.
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Lui je sjajan čovek naprednih shvatanja,
04:54
Louis is a brilliant, progressive man,
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04:56
and we would have conversations
and he would tell me,
and he would tell me,
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a kada bismo razgovorali, rekao bi mi:
04:58
"I don't know what you mean by things
being different or harder for women.
being different or harder for women.
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„Ne znam šta tačno misliš kada kažeš
da je drugačije ili teže ženama.
da je drugačije ili teže ženama.
Možda u prošlosti, ali ne sada.“
05:02
Maybe in the past, but not now."
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05:05
And I didn't understand how Louis
could not see what seems so self-evident.
could not see what seems so self-evident.
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Nisam razumela kako Lui
ne vidi ono što je tako očigledno.
ne vidi ono što je tako očigledno.
05:10
Then one evening, in Lagos,
Louis and I went out with friends.
Louis and I went out with friends.
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Onda smo jedne večeri, u Lagosu,
Lui i ja izašli sa prijateljima.
Lui i ja izašli sa prijateljima.
05:14
And for people here
who are not familiar with Lagos,
who are not familiar with Lagos,
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Za ljude koji ne znaju puno o Lagosu,
postoji ta divna karakteristika Lagosa,
05:16
there's that wonderful Lagos' fixture,
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05:18
the sprinkling of energetic men
who hang around outside establishments
who hang around outside establishments
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razbacani ljudi punih energije
koji bleje izvan ustanova
koji bleje izvan ustanova
i na veoma dramatičan način
vam pomažu da parkirate kola.
vam pomažu da parkirate kola.
05:23
and very dramatically
"help" you park your car.
"help" you park your car.
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05:28
I was impressed
with the particular theatrics
with the particular theatrics
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Bila sam impresionirana
naročitim teatralnim nastupom
naročitim teatralnim nastupom
05:31
of the man who found us
a parking spot that evening.
a parking spot that evening.
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čoveka koji nam je našao
mesto za parkiranje te večeri.
mesto za parkiranje te večeri.
05:34
And so as we were leaving,
I decided to leave him a tip.
I decided to leave him a tip.
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Tako da, kad smo izlazili,
odlučila sam da mu dam bakšiš.
odlučila sam da mu dam bakšiš.
05:38
I opened my bag,
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Otvorila sam torbu, gurnula ruku,
05:40
put my hand inside my bag,
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05:41
brought out my money
that I had earned from doing my work,
that I had earned from doing my work,
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izvukla novac koji sam zaradila
radeći moj posao,
radeći moj posao,
05:45
and I gave it to the man.
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i dala ga tom čoveku.
05:47
And he, this man who was
very grateful and very happy,
very grateful and very happy,
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A on, ovaj čovek koji je bio
veoma zahvalan i srećan,
veoma zahvalan i srećan,
05:52
took the money from me,
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uzeo je novac od mene,
05:53
looked across at Louis
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pogledao je u Luija
05:55
and said, "Thank you, sir!"
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i rekao: „Hvala, gospodine!“
05:57
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:03
Louis looked at me, surprised,
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Lui me je pogledao iznenađeno i upitao me:
06:06
and asked, "Why is he thanking me?
I didn't give him the money."
I didn't give him the money."
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„Zašto se meni zahvaljuje?
Ja mu nisam dao novac.“
Ja mu nisam dao novac.“
06:10
Then I saw realization
dawn on Louis' face.
dawn on Louis' face.
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Tada je Lui počeo da shvata.
06:15
The man believed that whatever money I had
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Čovek je mislio da je novac
koji sam imala ipak došao od Luija.
koji sam imala ipak došao od Luija.
06:17
had ultimately come from Louis.
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06:21
Because Louis is a man.
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Zato što je Lui muškarac.
06:24
Men and women are different.
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Muškarci i žene su različiti.
06:26
We have different hormones,
we have different sexual organs,
we have different sexual organs,
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Imamo drugačije hormone,
imamo drugačije seksualne organe,
imamo drugačije seksualne organe,
imamo drugačije biološke sposobnosti.
06:29
we have different biological abilities.
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06:31
Women can have babies, men can't.
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Žene mogu da rode decu, muškarci ne.
06:34
At least not yet.
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Bar ne još uvek.
06:36
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:37
Men have testosterone and are
in general physically stronger than women.
in general physically stronger than women.
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Muškarci imaju testosteron
i uopšte su fizički jači od žena.
i uopšte su fizički jači od žena.
06:42
There's slightly more women
than men in the world,
than men in the world,
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Postoji malo više žena
nego muškaraca na svetu,
nego muškaraca na svetu,
06:45
about 52 percent of the world's
population is female.
population is female.
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oko 52% svetske populacije su žene.
06:48
But most of the positions of power
and prestige are occupied by men.
and prestige are occupied by men.
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Ali muškarci zauzimaju
većinu pozicija moći i statusa.
većinu pozicija moći i statusa.
06:52
The late Kenyan Nobel Peace laureate,
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Pokojna kenijska dobitnica
Nobelove nagrade za mir,
Nobelove nagrade za mir,
06:55
Wangari Maathai,
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Vangari Matai,
06:56
put it simply and well when she said:
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je to jednostavno opisala kada je rekla:
06:59
"The higher you go,
the fewer women there are."
the fewer women there are."
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„Kako se penješ ka vrhu,
tamo je sve manje žena.“
tamo je sve manje žena.“
U skorašnjim američkim izborima, sve vreme
smo slušali o zakonu Lili Ledbeter,
smo slušali o zakonu Lili Ledbeter,
07:03
In the recent US elections we kept hearing
of the Lilly Ledbetter law,
of the Lilly Ledbetter law,
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07:08
and if we go beyond the nicely
alliterative name of that law,
alliterative name of that law,
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i ako zanemarimo lepo,
zvučno ime ovog zakona,
zvučno ime ovog zakona,
07:12
it was really about a man and a woman
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tu se zapravo radilo o muškarcu i ženi
07:14
doing the same job,
being equally qualified,
being equally qualified,
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koji rade isti posao,
isto su kvalifikovani,
isto su kvalifikovani,
07:16
and the man being paid more
because he's a man.
because he's a man.
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a muškarac je plaćen više,
zato što je muškarac.
zato što je muškarac.
07:20
So in the literal way, men rule the world,
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Tako da, u bukvalnom smislu,
muškarci vladaju svetom,
muškarci vladaju svetom,
07:23
and this made sense a thousand years ago
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i ovo je imalo smisla pre hiljadu godina
07:27
because human beings lived then in a world
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jer su ljudska bića tada živela u svetu
07:30
in which physical strength was
the most important attribute for survival.
the most important attribute for survival.
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u kome je fizička snaga bila
najvažnija karakteristika za opstanak.
najvažnija karakteristika za opstanak.
07:34
The physically stronger person
was more likely to lead,
was more likely to lead,
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Veći izgledi su bili
da će fizički jača osoba da bude vođa,
da će fizički jača osoba da bude vođa,
07:39
and men, in general,
are physically stronger.
are physically stronger.
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a generalno gledano,
muškarci su fizički jači.
muškarci su fizički jači.
07:41
Of course there are many exceptions.
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Naravno, ima dosta izuzetaka.
07:43
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:45
But today we live
in a vastly different world.
in a vastly different world.
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Ali danas živimo
u potpuno drugačijem svetu.
u potpuno drugačijem svetu.
07:49
The person more likely to lead
is not the physically stronger person;
is not the physically stronger person;
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Veći su izgledi
da vođa bude ne fizički jača,
da vođa bude ne fizički jača,
07:53
it is the more creative person,
the more intelligent person,
the more intelligent person,
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već kreativnija, inteligentnija,
inovativnija osoba,
inovativnija osoba,
07:57
the more innovative person,
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07:59
and there are no hormones
for those attributes.
for those attributes.
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a ne postoje hormoni za te osobine.
08:02
A man is as likely as a woman
to be intelligent,
to be intelligent,
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Muškarac može biti inteligentan,
kreativan i inovativan kao i žena.
kreativan i inovativan kao i žena.
08:05
to be creative, to be innovative.
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08:07
We have evolved;
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Evoluirali smo,
08:09
but it seems to me that our ideas
of gender had not evolved.
of gender had not evolved.
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ali mi se čini da naše ideje o polu nisu.
08:13
Some weeks ago, I walked into a lobby
of one of the best Nigerian hotels.
of one of the best Nigerian hotels.
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Pre nekoliko nedelja, ušetala sam u foaje
jednog od najboljih nigerijskih hotela.
jednog od najboljih nigerijskih hotela.
Razmišljala sam da kažem ime hotela,
ali shvatila sam da ne treba to da uradim.
ali shvatila sam da ne treba to da uradim.
08:18
I thought about naming the hotel,
but I thought I probably shouldn't.
but I thought I probably shouldn't.
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08:21
And a guard at the entrance stopped me
and asked me annoying questions,
and asked me annoying questions,
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Stražar na vratima me je zaustavio
i postavljao mi neprijatna pitanja,
i postavljao mi neprijatna pitanja,
zato što automatski pretpostavljaju
08:25
because their automatic assumption is
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da je Nigerijka koja ulazi
u hotel sama seksualna radnica.
u hotel sama seksualna radnica.
08:27
that a Nigerian female walking
into a hotel alone is a sex worker.
into a hotel alone is a sex worker.
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08:33
And by the way,
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A uzgred, zašto se ovi hoteli
usredsređuju na navodnu ponudu,
usredsređuju na navodnu ponudu,
08:34
why do these hotels
focus on the ostensible supply
focus on the ostensible supply
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a ne na potražnju za seksualnim radnicama?
08:37
rather than the demand for sex workers?
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08:41
In Lagos I cannot go alone
into many "reputable" bars and clubs.
into many "reputable" bars and clubs.
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U Lagosu, ja ne mogu da idem sama
u mnoge „ugledne“ barove i klubove.
u mnoge „ugledne“ barove i klubove.
Jednostavno te ne puštaju
ako si žena i sama,
ako si žena i sama,
08:46
They just don't let you in
if you're a woman alone,
if you're a woman alone,
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moraš da budeš u pratnji muškarca.
08:49
you have to be accompanied by a man.
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Svaki put kada uđem u nigerijski restoran
sa nekim muškarcem,
sa nekim muškarcem,
08:51
Each time I walk into
a Nigerian restaurant with a man,
a Nigerian restaurant with a man,
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08:54
the waiter greets the man and ignores me.
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konobar pozdravi njega i ignoriše mene.
08:58
The waiters are products --
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Konobari su proizvod -
08:59
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
09:01
At this some women
felt like, "Yes! I thought that!"
felt like, "Yes! I thought that!"
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Na ovo su neke žene pomislile:
„Da! To sam mislila!“
„Da! To sam mislila!“
09:03
The waiters are products of a society
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Konobari su proizvod društva koje ih uči
da su muškarci važniji od žena.
da su muškarci važniji od žena.
09:05
that has taught them that men
are more important than women.
are more important than women.
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09:10
And I know that waiters
don't intend any harm.
don't intend any harm.
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Znam da konobari nemaju lošu nameru,
09:13
But it's one thing to know intellectually
and quite another to feel it emotionally.
and quite another to feel it emotionally.
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ali jedno je znati to intelektualno,
a sasvim drugo osećati emocionalno.
a sasvim drugo osećati emocionalno.
09:17
Each time they ignore me,
I feel invisible.
I feel invisible.
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Svaki put kada me ignorišu,
osećam se nevidljivo,
osećam se nevidljivo,
09:19
I feel upset.
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osećam se uzrujano.
09:21
I want to tell them
that I am just as human as the man,
that I am just as human as the man,
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Želim da im kažem da sam ja
isto toliko ljudsko biće kao i muškarac,
isto toliko ljudsko biće kao i muškarac,
09:25
that I'm just as worthy of acknowledgment.
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da sam isto toliko vredna priznanja.
09:28
These are little things,
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Ovo su male stvari,
ali ponekad male stvari bole najviše.
ali ponekad male stvari bole najviše.
09:30
but sometimes it's the little things
that sting the most.
that sting the most.
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09:33
And not long ago, I wrote an article
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Ne tako davno, napisala sam članak
o tome šta znači biti mlada žena u Lagosu,
o tome šta znači biti mlada žena u Lagosu,
09:35
about what it means
to be young and female in Lagos,
to be young and female in Lagos,
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09:38
and the printers told me,
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i jedan poznanik mi je rekao:
„Toliko je ljutito.“
„Toliko je ljutito.“
09:41
"It was so angry."
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09:42
Of course it was angry!
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Naravno da je ljutito.
09:44
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
09:48
I am angry.
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Ja jesam ljuta.
09:50
Gender as it functions today
is a grave injustice.
is a grave injustice.
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Pol ovako kako funkcioniše danas
je ozbiljna nepravda.
je ozbiljna nepravda.
09:53
We should all be angry.
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Svi bismo trebali da budemo ljuti.
09:55
Anger has a long history
of bringing about positive change;
of bringing about positive change;
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Ljutnja ima dugu istoriju
donošenja pozitivnih promena;
donošenja pozitivnih promena;
09:59
but, in addition to being angry,
I'm also hopeful.
I'm also hopeful.
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ali, pored toga što sam ljuta,
takođe imam i nadu.
takođe imam i nadu.
10:02
Because I believe deeply
in the ability of human beings
in the ability of human beings
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Zato što duboko verujem
u sposobnost ljudskih bića
u sposobnost ljudskih bića
da učine sebe boljim
i poprave sebe nabolje.
i poprave sebe nabolje.
10:05
to make and remake
themselves for the better.
themselves for the better.
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10:08
Gender matters everywhere in the world,
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Pol je važan svuda u svetu,
10:10
but I want to focus on Nigeria
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ali želim da se usredsredim
na Nigeriju i Afriku uopšteno,
na Nigeriju i Afriku uopšteno,
10:13
and on Africa in general,
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10:15
because it is where I know,
and because it is where my heart is.
and because it is where my heart is.
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zato što je to ono što poznajem,
i ono gde je moje srce.
i ono gde je moje srce.
10:18
And I would like today to ask
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Želim da zatražim danas
da počnemo da sanjamo
da počnemo da sanjamo
10:20
that we begin to dream about
and plan for a different world,
and plan for a different world,
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i planiramo drugačiji svet,
pravedniji svet,
pravedniji svet,
10:24
a fairer world,
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10:28
a world of happier men and happier women
who are truer to themselves.
who are truer to themselves.
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svet srećnijih muškaraca i srećnijih žena
koji će više biti ono što zapravo jesu.
koji će više biti ono što zapravo jesu.
10:32
And this is how to start:
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A počećemo ovako:
10:34
we must raise our daughters differently.
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Moramo da vaspitavamo
svoje ćerke drugačije.
svoje ćerke drugačije.
10:36
We must also raise our sons differently.
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Moramo da vaspitavamo
i svoje sinove drugačije.
i svoje sinove drugačije.
10:40
We do a great disservice to boys
on how we raise them;
on how we raise them;
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Činimo lošu uslugu dečacima
načinom na koji ih vaspitavamo;
načinom na koji ih vaspitavamo;
10:43
we stifle the humanity of boys.
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gušimo humanost dečaka.
10:46
We define masculinity
in a very narrow way,
in a very narrow way,
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Definišemo muškost na skučen način.
10:49
masculinity becomes this hard, small cage
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Muškost postaje jedan čvrst, mali kavez,
i stavljamo dečake unutar tog kaveza.
i stavljamo dečake unutar tog kaveza.
10:52
and we put boys inside the cage.
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10:54
We teach boys to be afraid of fear.
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Učimo dečake da se plaše straha.
10:57
We teach boys to be afraid
of weakness, of vulnerability.
of weakness, of vulnerability.
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Učimo dečake da se plaše
slabosti, ranjivosti.
slabosti, ranjivosti.
11:02
We teach them to mask their true selves,
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Učimo ih da maskiraju svoju pravu prirodu,
11:04
because they have to be,
in Nigerian speak, "hard man!"
in Nigerian speak, "hard man!"
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zato što moraju da budu,
nigerijski rečeno, „jaki muškarci“.
nigerijski rečeno, „jaki muškarci“.
11:10
In secondary school, a boy and a girl,
both of them teenagers,
both of them teenagers,
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U srednjoj školi, dečak i devojčica,
oboje tinejdžeri, sa istim džeparcem,
oboje tinejdžeri, sa istim džeparcem,
11:14
both of them with the same amount
of pocket money, would go out
of pocket money, would go out
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izašli bi i uvek bi se od dečaka
očekivalo da plati,
očekivalo da plati,
11:18
and then the boy
would be expected always to pay,
would be expected always to pay,
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11:20
to prove his masculinity.
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da dokaže svoju muškost.
11:23
And yet we wonder why boys are more likely
to steal money from their parents.
to steal money from their parents.
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A onda se pitamo zašto će dečaci
pre da ukradu novac od roditelja.
pre da ukradu novac od roditelja.
11:29
What if both boys and girls were raised
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Šta ako bi i dečaci i devojčice
bili vaspitani tako da ne povezuju
muškost sa novcem?
muškost sa novcem?
11:32
not to link masculinity with money?
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Šta ako stav ne bi bio
„dečak mora da plati“
„dečak mora da plati“
11:35
What if the attitude
was not "the boy has to pay"
was not "the boy has to pay"
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11:38
but rather "whoever has more should pay?"
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već „ko god ima više novca
treba da plati?“
treba da plati?“
11:42
Now, of course because
of that historical advantage,
of that historical advantage,
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Naravno, zbog te istorijske prednosti,
11:44
it is mostly men who will have more today,
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danas će pre muškarci i imati više,
11:47
but if we start
raising children differently,
raising children differently,
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ali ako počnemo
da vaspitavamo decu drugačije,
da vaspitavamo decu drugačije,
11:50
then in fifty years, in a hundred years,
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onda za pedeset, sto godina,
11:52
boys will no longer have the pressure
of having to prove this masculinity.
of having to prove this masculinity.
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dečaci više neće imati taj pritisak
da moraju da dokažu muškost na taj način.
da moraju da dokažu muškost na taj način.
11:57
But by far the worst thing we do to males,
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Ali ubedljivo najgora stvar
koju učinimo muškarcima,
koju učinimo muškarcima,
primoravajući ih da osećaju
da moraju da budu jaki,
da moraju da budu jaki,
12:00
by making them feel
that they have to be hard,
that they have to be hard,
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12:03
is that we leave them
with very fragile egos.
with very fragile egos.
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je to da ih ostavimo sa veoma slabim egom.
12:07
The more "hard man"
the man feels compelled to be,
the man feels compelled to be,
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Što više muškarac oseća
da mora da bude „jak muškarac“,
da mora da bude „jak muškarac“,
12:11
the weaker his ego is.
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njegov ego postaje slabiji.
12:14
And then we do a much greater
disservice to girls
disservice to girls
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A onda činimo još goru uslugu devojčicama
12:18
because we raise them
to cater to the fragile egos of men.
to cater to the fragile egos of men.
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jer ih vaspitavamo da udovoljavaju
slabom egu muškarca.
slabom egu muškarca.
12:22
We teach girls to shrink themselves,
to make themselves smaller,
to make themselves smaller,
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Učimo devojčice da se ustežu,
da umanjuju sebe.
da umanjuju sebe.
12:25
we say to girls,
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Kažemo devojčicama:
„Možeš da imaš ambicije, ali ne previše.“
„Možeš da imaš ambicije, ali ne previše.“
12:27
"You can have ambition, but not too much."
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12:29
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
„Treba da težiš tome da budeš uspešna,
ali ne previše uspešna,
ali ne previše uspešna,
12:31
"You should aim to be successful,
but not too successful,
but not too successful,
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12:33
otherwise you would threaten the man."
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2040
u suprotnom, bićeš pretnja muškarcu.“
12:36
If you are the breadwinner
in your relationship with a man,
in your relationship with a man,
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Ako ti donosiš novac u vezi sa muškarcem,
12:39
you have to pretend that you're not,
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treba da se pretvaraš da nije tako,
12:41
especially in public,
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posebno u javnosti,
12:43
otherwise you will emasculate him.
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u suprotnom, oduzećeš mu muškost.
12:46
But what if we question
the premise itself?
the premise itself?
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2336
Ali, šta ako preispitamo
samu tu pretpostavku?
samu tu pretpostavku?
12:49
Why should a woman's success
be a threat to a man?
be a threat to a man?
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Zašto bi uspeh žene bio pretnja muškarcu?
12:53
What if we decide
to simply dispose of that word,
to simply dispose of that word,
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3536
Šta ako odlučimo
da jednostavno odbacimo taj izraz,
da jednostavno odbacimo taj izraz,
12:56
and I don't think there's an English word
I dislike more than "emasculation."
I dislike more than "emasculation."
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a mislim da ne postoji izraz
koji više mrzim od „oduzimanja muškosti“.
koji više mrzim od „oduzimanja muškosti“.
Jedan nigerijski poznanik
me je jednom pitao da li sam zabrinuta
me je jednom pitao da li sam zabrinuta
13:02
A Nigerian acquaintance once asked me
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13:05
if I was worried that men
would be intimidated by me.
would be intimidated by me.
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da bi muškarci mogli da me se plaše.
Nisam uopšte bila zabrinuta.
13:08
I was not worried at all.
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Tačnije, nije mi padalo na pamet
da budem zabrinuta
da budem zabrinuta
13:10
In fact, it had not occurred
to me to be worried
to me to be worried
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zato što muškarac
koji bi mogao da me se plaši
koji bi mogao da me se plaši
13:12
because a man who would
be intimidated by me
be intimidated by me
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780600
2216
13:14
is exactly the kind of man
I would have no interest in.
I would have no interest in.
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je upravo onaj muškarac
za kog ja nisam zainteresovana.
za kog ja nisam zainteresovana.
13:17
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
13:18
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
13:26
But still I was really struck by this.
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Ipak, bila sam zatečena ovim.
13:29
Because I'm female,
I'm expected to aspire to marriage;
I'm expected to aspire to marriage;
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3600
Zato što sam žensko,
od mene se očekuje da težim braku.
od mene se očekuje da težim braku.
Očekuje se da donosim svoje životne odluke
13:33
I'm expected to make my life choices
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13:35
always keeping in mind
that marriage is the most important.
that marriage is the most important.
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uvek imajući u vidu da je brak najvažniji.
13:40
A marriage can be a good thing;
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808040
1976
Brak može biti dobra stvar;
13:42
it can be a source of joy
and love and mutual support.
and love and mutual support.
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on može biti izvor radosti,
ljubavi i uzajamne podrške.
ljubavi i uzajamne podrške.
13:46
But why do we teach girls
to aspire to marriage
to aspire to marriage
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Ali zašto učimo devojčice da teže braku,
13:48
and we don't teach boys the same?
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a ne učimo dečake to isto?
Poznajem ženu
koja je odlučila da proda kuću
koja je odlučila da proda kuću
13:52
I know a woman
who decided to sell her house
who decided to sell her house
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2176
13:55
because she didn't want
to intimidate a man who might marry her.
to intimidate a man who might marry her.
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3040
jer nije želela da uplaši
muškarca koji bi je mogao oženiti.
muškarca koji bi je mogao oženiti.
13:59
I know an unmarried woman in Nigeria
who, when she goes to conferences,
who, when she goes to conferences,
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827880
4456
Poznajem neudatu ženu u Nigeriji koja,
kada ide na konferencije,
kada ide na konferencije,
nosi burmu jer, kako kaže,
14:04
wears a wedding ring
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832360
1376
14:05
because according to her,
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833760
1216
želi da joj drugi učesnici konferencije
„ukažu poštovanje“.
„ukažu poštovanje“.
14:07
she wants the other participants
in the conference to "give her respect."
in the conference to "give her respect."
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3920
14:12
I know young women
who are under so much pressure
who are under so much pressure
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840120
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Poznajem mlade žene
koje su pod tolikim pritiskom
koje su pod tolikim pritiskom
14:14
from family, from friends,
even from work to get married,
even from work to get married,
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od strane porodice, prijatelja,
čak i na poslu, da se udaju,
čak i na poslu, da se udaju,
14:18
and they're pushed
to make terrible choices.
to make terrible choices.
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2080
da su primorane da naprave užasne izbore.
14:21
A woman at a certain age who is unmarried,
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849520
2616
Ženu u određenim godinama koja je neudata
14:24
our society teaches her
to see it as a deep, personal failure.
to see it as a deep, personal failure.
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852160
4120
naše društvo uči da to vidi
kao veliki, lični neuspeh.
kao veliki, lični neuspeh.
14:29
And a man at a certain age
who is unmarried,
who is unmarried,
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857040
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A za muškarca u određenim godinama
koji je neoženjen
koji je neoženjen
14:31
we just think he hasn't come around
to making his pick.
to making his pick.
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jednostavno mislimo
da nije stigao da napravi izbor.
da nije stigao da napravi izbor.
14:34
(Laughter)
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1856
(Smeh)
14:36
It's easy for us to say,
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864360
1616
Lako je reći:
14:38
"Oh, but women can
just say no to all of this."
just say no to all of this."
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2256
„Da, ali žene mogu
da kažu 'ne' svemu ovome.“
da kažu 'ne' svemu ovome.“
14:40
But the reality is more difficult
and more complex.
and more complex.
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2440
Ali realnost je teža i komplikovanija.
14:43
We're all social beings.
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Svi smo mi društvena bića.
14:45
We internalize ideas
from our socialization.
from our socialization.
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2496
Usvajamo ideje iz naše socijalizacije.
14:47
Even the language we use
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875680
1976
Čak i rečnik koji koristimo kada govorimo
o braku i vezama, pokazuje ovo.
o braku i vezama, pokazuje ovo.
14:49
in talking about marriage
and relationships illustrates this.
and relationships illustrates this.
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877680
3416
14:53
The language of marriage
is often the language of ownership
is often the language of ownership
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881120
2856
Rečnik braka je često rečnik posedovanja,
pre nego rečnik partnerstva.
pre nego rečnik partnerstva.
14:56
rather than the language of partnership.
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884000
2160
14:58
We use the word "respect"
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2696
Koristimo reč „poštovanje“
15:01
to mean something a woman shows a man
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889520
2776
kada mislimo na nešto
što žena ukazuje muškarcu,
što žena ukazuje muškarcu,
15:04
but often not something
a man shows a woman.
a man shows a woman.
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892320
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ali često ne kao nešto
što muškarac pokazuje ženi.
što muškarac pokazuje ženi.
15:08
Both men and women in Nigeria will say --
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896160
2456
Muškarci i žene u Nigeriji bi rekli -
ovo je izraz koji me veoma zabavlja -
ovo je izraz koji me veoma zabavlja -
15:10
this is an expression
I'm very amused by --
I'm very amused by --
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2296
„Uradio sam to zbog mira u braku.“
15:12
"I did it for peace in my marriage."
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900960
2320
15:16
Now, when men say it,
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1576
Kada muškarci to kažu,
15:18
it is usually about something
that they should not be doing anyway.
that they should not be doing anyway.
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906000
3176
to je obično nešto
što ionako ne bi trebali da rade.
što ionako ne bi trebali da rade.
(Smeh)
15:21
(Laughter)
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909200
1936
15:23
Sometimes they say it to their friends,
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911160
2776
Ponekad to kažu svojim prijateljima,
15:25
it's something to say to their friends
in a kind of fondly exasperated way,
in a kind of fondly exasperated way,
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913960
3936
to je nešto što kažu prijateljima
na neki nežno ogorčeni način.
na neki nežno ogorčeni način.
15:29
you know, something that ultimately
proves how masculine they are,
proves how masculine they are,
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917920
3136
Znate, nešto što konačno dokazuje
koliko su muževni, potrebni, voljeni.
koliko su muževni, potrebni, voljeni.
15:33
how needed, how loved.
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921080
1456
„Moja žena kaže da ne mogu
da idem u klub svake noći,
da idem u klub svake noći,
15:34
"Oh, my wife said
I can't go to the club every night,
I can't go to the club every night,
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922560
2496
15:37
so for peace in my marriage,
I do it only on weekends."
I do it only on weekends."
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925080
2816
tako da, zbog mira u braku,
idem samo vikendom.“
idem samo vikendom.“
15:39
(Laughter)
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927920
1696
(Smeh)
15:41
Now, when a woman says,
"I did it for peace in my marriage,"
"I did it for peace in my marriage,"
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929640
4256
A kada žena kaže:
„Uradila sam to zbog mira u braku“,
„Uradila sam to zbog mira u braku“,
15:45
she's usually talking
about giving up a job,
about giving up a job,
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933920
3536
ona obično priča o odricanju
od posla, sna, karijere.
od posla, sna, karijere.
15:49
a dream,
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1456
15:50
a career.
314
938960
1360
15:53
We teach females that in relationships,
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941080
2416
Učimo žene da je u vezi
kompromis ono što je svojstveno ženama.
kompromis ono što je svojstveno ženama.
15:55
compromise is what women do.
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943520
2280
Podižemo devojčice da gledaju
jedna na drugu kao na konkurenciju -
jedna na drugu kao na konkurenciju -
15:59
We raise girls to see
each other as competitors --
each other as competitors --
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947080
2576
16:01
not for jobs or for accomplishments,
which I think can be a good thing,
which I think can be a good thing,
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949680
3456
ne u poslu ili u dostignućima,
što mislim da može da bude dobra stvar,
što mislim da može da bude dobra stvar,
16:05
but for attention of men.
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953160
1600
već u pogledu pažnje muškaraca.
16:07
We teach girls that they
cannot be sexual beings
cannot be sexual beings
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955920
2936
Učimo devojčice da ne mogu
da budu seksualna bića
da budu seksualna bića
16:10
in the way that boys are.
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958880
1496
na isti način kao i dečaci.
16:12
If we have sons, we don't mind
knowing about our sons' girlfriends.
knowing about our sons' girlfriends.
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960400
3320
Ako imamo sinove, ne smeta nam
da znamo o njegovim devojkama.
da znamo o njegovim devojkama.
16:16
But our daughters' boyfriends? God forbid.
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964480
2336
Ali momci naših ćerki? Bože sačuvaj.
16:18
(Laughter)
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966840
1616
(Smeh)
16:20
But of course when the time is right,
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968480
1816
Ali, naravno, u pravo vreme,
očekujemo od tih devojčica da dovedu
pravog muškarca koji će biti njihov muž.
pravog muškarca koji će biti njihov muž.
16:22
we expect those girls to bring back
the perfect man to be their husbands.
the perfect man to be their husbands.
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3896
16:26
We police girls,
we praise girls for virginity,
we praise girls for virginity,
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974240
3376
Nadgledamo devojčice,
veličamo ih zbog nevinosti,
veličamo ih zbog nevinosti,
16:29
but we don't praise boys for virginity,
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977640
1936
ali ne veličamo dečake zbog nevinosti,
16:31
and it's always made me wonder how exactly
this is supposed to work out because ...
this is supposed to work out because ...
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979600
3905
a uvek sam se pitala kako tačno
to treba da funkcioniše zato što...
to treba da funkcioniše zato što...
16:35
(Laughter)
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2327
(Smeh)
16:37
(Applause)
331
985880
2960
(Aplauz)
16:45
I mean, the loss of virginity
is usually a process that involves ...
is usually a process that involves ...
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993760
3400
Mislim, gubljenje nevinosti
je obično proces koji uključuje...
je obično proces koji uključuje...
16:50
Recently a young woman
was gang raped in a university in Nigeria,
was gang raped in a university in Nigeria,
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998680
4176
Skoro je jedna mlada žena
višestruko silovana
višestruko silovana
na univerzitetu u Nigeriji;
16:54
I think some of us know about that.
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1002880
1696
mislim da neki znaju za to.
Odgovor mnogih mladih Nigerijaca,
i muškaraca i žena,
i muškaraca i žena,
16:56
And the response of many young Nigerians,
both male and female,
both male and female,
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1004600
3256
16:59
was something along the lines of this:
336
1007880
2496
je bio nešto slično ovome:
17:02
"Yes, rape is wrong.
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2176
„Da, silovanje je pogrešno.
17:04
But what is a girl doing
in a room with four boys?"
in a room with four boys?"
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3280
Ali šta jedna devojčica radi
u sobi sa četiri dečaka?“
u sobi sa četiri dečaka?“
17:08
Now, if we can forget
the horrible inhumanity of that response,
the horrible inhumanity of that response,
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4120
Ukoliko zanemarimo
užasnu nehumanost takve reakcije,
užasnu nehumanost takve reakcije,
17:14
these Nigerians have been raised
to think of women as inherently guilty,
to think of women as inherently guilty,
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1022080
3920
ovi Nigerijci su podizani
tako da misle o ženi kao suštinski krivoj,
tako da misle o ženi kao suštinski krivoj,
17:19
and they have been raised
to expect so little of men
to expect so little of men
341
1027319
3136
i podizani su da očekuju
toliko malo od muškaraca
toliko malo od muškaraca
17:22
that the idea of men as savage beings
without any control
without any control
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1030480
3695
da je ideja o muškarcima kao divljacima,
bez ikakve kontrole, nekako prihvatljiva.
bez ikakve kontrole, nekako prihvatljiva.
17:26
is somehow acceptable.
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1240
17:28
We teach girls shame.
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1036839
2017
Učimo devojčice da se stide.
17:30
"Close your legs." "Cover yourself."
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1038880
1880
„Skupi noge.“ „Pokrij se.“
Činimo da se osećaju kao da su,
samim tim što su ženskog pola,
samim tim što su ženskog pola,
17:33
We make them feel
as though by being born female
as though by being born female
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2255
17:35
they're already guilty of something.
347
1043720
2096
već krive za nešto.
17:37
And so, girls grow up to be women
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1045839
2336
Tako da devojčice porastu u žene
koje ne vide da imaju želje.
koje ne vide da imaju želje.
17:40
who cannot see they have desire.
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1048200
2136
17:42
They grow up to be women
who silence themselves.
who silence themselves.
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2880
Porastu u žene koje ućutkuju same sebe.
17:47
They grow up to be women
who cannot say what they truly think,
who cannot say what they truly think,
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3416
Porastu u žene koje ne mogu
da kažu šta zaista misle,
da kažu šta zaista misle,
17:50
and they grow up --
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1058520
1336
i porastu -
to je najgora stvar
koju učinimo devojčicama -
koju učinimo devojčicama -
17:51
and this is the worst thing
we did to girls --
we did to girls --
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1059880
2176
porastu u žene koje od pretvaranja
naprave umetnost.
naprave umetnost.
17:54
they grow up to be women
who have turned pretense into an art form.
who have turned pretense into an art form.
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4136
17:58
(Applause)
355
1066240
3840
(Aplauz)
18:04
I know a woman who hates domestic work,
356
1072440
3416
Poznajem ženu koja mrzi kućne poslove,
jednostavno ih mrzi,
jednostavno ih mrzi,
18:07
she just hates it,
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1075880
1496
ali se pretvara da ih voli,
18:09
but she pretends that she likes it,
358
1077400
1720
18:12
because she's been taught
that to be "good wife material"
that to be "good wife material"
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1080200
4096
zato što je naučila da,
da bi bila „dobar materijal za udaju“,
da bi bila „dobar materijal za udaju“,
18:16
she has to be --
to use that Nigerian word --
to use that Nigerian word --
360
1084320
2376
ona mora da bude - da upotrebim
tu nigerijsku reč - dobra „domaćica“.
tu nigerijsku reč - dobra „domaćica“.
18:18
very "homely."
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1480
18:21
And then she got married,
362
1089440
1536
A onda se udala,
18:23
and after a while her husband's family
began to complain that she had changed.
began to complain that she had changed.
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1091000
3816
i nakon nekog vremena porodica njenog muža
počela je da se žali kako se promenila.
počela je da se žali kako se promenila.
18:26
(Laughter)
364
1094840
1576
(Smeh)
18:28
Actually, she had not changed,
365
1096440
1456
Zapravo, ona se nije promenila,
samo se umorila od pretvaranja.
samo se umorila od pretvaranja.
18:29
she just got tired of pretending.
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1097920
1920
Problem sa polom je da on propisuje
kakvi treba da budemo
kakvi treba da budemo
18:32
The problem with gender,
367
1100720
3136
18:35
is that it prescribes how we should be
368
1103880
2536
18:38
rather than recognizing how we are.
369
1106440
2000
umesto da prepozna kakvi jesmo.
18:41
Now imagine how much happier we would be,
370
1109400
2456
Zamislite koliko bismo bili srećniji,
slobodniji da budemo ono što zaista jesmo,
slobodniji da budemo ono što zaista jesmo,
18:43
how much freer to be
our true individual selves,
our true individual selves,
371
1111880
3496
kada ne bismo imali taj teret
u vidu očekivanja od pola.
u vidu očekivanja od pola.
18:47
if we didn't have the weight
of gender expectations.
of gender expectations.
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1115400
2640
18:51
Boys and girls are
undeniably different biologically,
undeniably different biologically,
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1119240
4776
Dečaci i devojčice se,
neosporno, biološki razlikuju,
neosporno, biološki razlikuju,
18:56
but socialization
exaggerates the differences
exaggerates the differences
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1124040
2976
ali socijalizacija preuveličava razlike
18:59
and then it becomes
a self-fulfilling process.
a self-fulfilling process.
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1127040
2576
i onda postaje proces
koji se samoostvaruje.
koji se samoostvaruje.
19:01
Now, take cooking for example.
376
1129640
2040
Uzmimo za primer kuvanje.
19:04
Today women in general are more likely
to do the housework than men,
to do the housework than men,
377
1132280
3496
Danas, pre će žene raditi kućne poslove
nego muškarci - kuvanje i čišćenje.
nego muškarci - kuvanje i čišćenje.
19:07
the cooking and cleaning.
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1135800
1256
Ali zašto je to tako?
19:09
But why is that?
379
1137080
1576
19:10
Is it because women
are born with a cooking gene?
are born with a cooking gene?
380
1138680
2856
Da li je to zato što su se žene
rodile sa genom za kuvanje?
rodile sa genom za kuvanje?
19:13
(Laughter)
381
1141560
1416
(Smeh)
19:15
Or because over years they have been
socialized to see cooking as their role?
socialized to see cooking as their role?
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1143000
4256
Ili zato što su tokom godina prilagođavane
tako da vide kuvanje kao njihovu ulogu?
tako da vide kuvanje kao njihovu ulogu?
U stvari, htela sam da kažem da su žene
možda stvarno rođene sa genom za kuvanje
možda stvarno rođene sa genom za kuvanje
19:19
Actually, I was going to say that maybe
women are born with a cooking gene,
women are born with a cooking gene,
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1147280
3576
dok se nisam setila
da je većina poznatih kuvara na svetu,
da je većina poznatih kuvara na svetu,
19:22
until I remember that the majority
of the famous cooks in the world,
of the famous cooks in the world,
384
1150880
3456
19:26
whom we give the fancy title of "chefs,"
385
1154360
2296
kojima dajemo fensi titulu
„glavnog kuvara“, u stvari muškarci.
„glavnog kuvara“, u stvari muškarci.
19:28
are men.
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1156680
1200
19:30
I used to look up to my grandmother
387
1158960
1696
Nekada sam se ugledala na moju baku,
koja je bila sjajna žena,
koja je bila sjajna žena,
19:32
who was a brilliant, brilliant woman,
388
1160680
2056
i pitala se kakva bi ona bila da je imala
iste prilike kao muškarci u odrastanju.
iste prilike kao muškarci u odrastanju.
19:34
and wonder how she would have been
389
1162760
1736
19:36
if she had the same opportunities
as men when she was growing up.
as men when she was growing up.
390
1164520
3360
19:40
Now today, there are
many more opportunities for women
many more opportunities for women
391
1168960
2576
Danas, postoji mnogo više prilika za žene
nego što ih je bilo u vreme moje bake
nego što ih je bilo u vreme moje bake
19:43
than there were
during my grandmother's time
during my grandmother's time
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19:45
because of changes in policy,
changes in law,
changes in law,
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zbog promena u politici, promena u zakonu,
što je sve veoma važno.
što je sve veoma važno.
19:48
all of which are very important.
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19:50
But what matters even more
is our attitude, our mindset,
is our attitude, our mindset,
395
1178080
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Ali ono što je još važnije je
naš stav, naš način razmišljanja,
naš stav, naš način razmišljanja,
19:54
what we believe
and what we value about gender.
and what we value about gender.
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ono u šta verujemo i šta cenimo kod pola.
19:57
What if in raising children
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1185960
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Šta ako bismo se pri podizanju dece
fokusirali na sposobnosti umesto na pol?
fokusirali na sposobnosti umesto na pol?
20:00
we focus on ability instead of gender?
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20:04
What if in raising children
we focus on interest instead of gender?
we focus on interest instead of gender?
399
1192000
4120
Šta ako bismo se pri podizanju dece
fokusirali na interesovanja umesto na pol?
fokusirali na interesovanja umesto na pol?
20:09
I know a family
who have a son and a daughter,
who have a son and a daughter,
400
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Poznajem porodicu koja ima ćerku i sina,
a oboje su sjajni u školi i divna deca.
a oboje su sjajni u školi i divna deca.
20:11
both of whom are brilliant at school,
401
1199240
1896
20:13
who are wonderful, lovely children.
402
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20:15
When the boy is hungry,
the parents say to the girl,
the parents say to the girl,
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1203080
2536
Kada je dečak gladan,
roditelji kažu devojčici:
roditelji kažu devojčici:
20:17
"Go and cook Indomie noodles
for your brother."
for your brother."
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„Idi i spremi nudle za svog brata.“
20:19
(Laughter)
405
1207880
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(Smeh)
20:21
Now, the daughter doesn't
particularly like to cook Indomie noodles,
particularly like to cook Indomie noodles,
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3496
Devojčica ne voli nešto preterano
da sprema nudle,
da sprema nudle,
20:24
but she's a girl, and so she has to.
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2776
ali je devojčica,
tako da mora da to uradi.
tako da mora da to uradi.
20:27
Now, what if the parents,
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1776
Šta ako bi roditelji, od početka,
20:29
from the beginning,
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1616
učili i dečaka i devojčicu
da spremaju nudle?
da spremaju nudle?
20:30
taught both the boy and the girl
to cook Indomie?
to cook Indomie?
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1218880
3920
Kuvanje je inače veoma korisna veština
koju bi dečaci trebalo da imaju.
koju bi dečaci trebalo da imaju.
20:35
Cooking, by the way,
is a very useful skill for boys to have.
is a very useful skill for boys to have.
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1223920
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Nikad mi nije imalo smisla
zašto bi prepustili tako presudnu stvar,
zašto bi prepustili tako presudnu stvar,
20:38
I've never thought it made sense
to leave such a crucial thing,
to leave such a crucial thing,
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4856
20:43
the ability to nourish oneself --
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sposobnost da nahranimo sebe -
20:45
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
20:47
in the hands of others.
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u rukama drugih.
20:48
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
20:53
I know a woman who has the same degree
and the same job as her husband.
and the same job as her husband.
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Poznajem ženu koja ima
istu diplomu i isti posao kao i njen muž.
istu diplomu i isti posao kao i njen muž.
20:57
When they get back from work,
she does most of the housework,
she does most of the housework,
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1245640
2896
Kada dođu kući sa posla,
ona radi većinu kućnih poslova,
ona radi većinu kućnih poslova,
što mislim da je tako u većini brakova.
21:00
which I think is true for many marriages.
419
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2176
21:02
But what struck me about them
420
1250760
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Ali što me je začudilo u njihovom slučaju,
je da kad god bi muž promenio bebi pelenu,
je da kad god bi muž promenio bebi pelenu,
21:04
was that whenever her husband
changed the baby's diaper,
changed the baby's diaper,
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21:07
she said "thank you" to him.
422
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ona bi mu rekla „hvala“.
21:11
Now, what if she saw this
as perfectly normal and natural
as perfectly normal and natural
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1259040
4416
Šta ako bi ona videla ovo
kao nešto sasvim normalno i prirodno
kao nešto sasvim normalno i prirodno
21:15
that he should, in fact,
care for his child?
care for his child?
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da on, u stvari, i treba
da se stara o svom detetu?
da se stara o svom detetu?
21:18
(Laughter)
425
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1840
(Smeh)
21:21
I'm trying to unlearn
many of the lessons of gender
many of the lessons of gender
426
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Pokušavam da se odučim
od mnogih lekcija o polu
od mnogih lekcija o polu
21:25
that I internalized when I was growing up.
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2296
koje sam usvojila dok sam odrastala.
21:27
But I sometimes still feel very vulnerable
in the face of gender expectations.
in the face of gender expectations.
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1275520
5056
Ali ponekad se i dalje osećam ranjivo
kada se suočim sa očekivanjima o polu.
kada se suočim sa očekivanjima o polu.
21:32
The first time I taught
a writing class in graduate school,
a writing class in graduate school,
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1280600
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Prvi put kada sam držala čas pisanja
na postdiplomskim studijama,
na postdiplomskim studijama,
bila sam zabrinuta.
21:36
I was worried.
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1284360
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Ne zbog materijala
koji je trebalo da predajem
koji je trebalo da predajem
21:37
I wasn't worried
about the material I would teach
about the material I would teach
431
1285640
2336
21:40
because I was well-prepared,
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1288000
1336
zato što sam to dobro pripremila,
i predavala bih ono što volim da predajem.
i predavala bih ono što volim da predajem.
21:41
and I was going to teach
what I enjoy teaching.
what I enjoy teaching.
433
1289360
2216
21:43
Instead, I was worried about what to wear.
434
1291600
2080
Umesto toga, brinula sam šta da obučem.
21:46
I wanted to be taken seriously.
435
1294680
1600
Želela sam da me shvate ozbiljno.
21:49
I knew that because I was female
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1297480
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Znala sam da ću, zato što sam žensko,
morati samim tim da dokažem koliko vredim.
morati samim tim da dokažem koliko vredim.
21:51
I will automatically
have to prove my worth.
have to prove my worth.
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1299080
3160
A bila sam zabrinuta,
ako izgledam previše ženstveno,
ako izgledam previše ženstveno,
21:55
And I was worried
that if I looked too feminine,
that if I looked too feminine,
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1303240
2256
21:57
I would not be taken seriously.
439
1305520
1776
da me neće shvatiti ozbiljno.
21:59
I really wanted to wear
my shiny lip gloss and my girly skirt,
my shiny lip gloss and my girly skirt,
440
1307320
4336
Zapravo sam želela da stavim
sjaj za usne i obučem suknju,
sjaj za usne i obučem suknju,
22:03
but I decided not to.
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1311680
1816
ali odlučila sam da to ne uradim.
22:05
Instead, I wore a very serious,
442
1313520
2376
Umesto toga, obukla sam veoma ozbiljno,
veoma muškobanjasto i grozno odelo.
veoma muškobanjasto i grozno odelo.
22:07
very manly and very ugly suit.
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1315920
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22:10
(Laughter)
444
1318520
1496
(Smeh)
22:12
Because the sad truth is
that when it comes to appearance
that when it comes to appearance
445
1320040
2696
Jer tužna istina je da,
kada je u pitanju izgled,
kada je u pitanju izgled,
muškarci su standard, oni su merilo.
22:14
we start off with men
as the standard, as the norm.
as the standard, as the norm.
446
1322760
2600
22:17
If a man is getting ready
for a business meeting,
for a business meeting,
447
1325960
2336
Kada se muškarac sprema
za poslovni sastanak,
za poslovni sastanak,
on ne brine da li izgleda previše muževno
22:20
he doesn't worry
about looking too masculine
about looking too masculine
448
1328320
2136
22:22
and therefore not being taken for granted.
449
1330480
2496
i da li će zbog toga
da bude uzet zdravo za gotovo.
da bude uzet zdravo za gotovo.
22:25
If a woman has to get ready
for business meeting,
for business meeting,
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1333000
2496
Kada se žena sprema za poslovni sastanak,
22:27
she has to worry
about looking too feminine
about looking too feminine
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1335520
2776
ona mora da brine
da li izgleda previše ženstveno,
da li izgleda previše ženstveno,
22:30
and what it says and whether or not
she will be taken seriously.
she will be taken seriously.
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1338320
4280
šta to govori o njoj
i da li će biti shvaćena ozbiljno.
i da li će biti shvaćena ozbiljno.
Volela bih da tog dana
nisam obukla to odvratno odelo.
nisam obukla to odvratno odelo.
22:36
I wish I had not worn
that ugly suit that day.
that ugly suit that day.
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1344000
2200
22:39
I've actually banished it
from my closet, by the way.
from my closet, by the way.
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1347440
3136
Zapravo, izbacila sam ga iz ormana.
22:42
Had I then the confidence
that I have now to be myself,
that I have now to be myself,
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1350600
4936
Da sam tada bila ovoliko sigurna u sebe
koliko sam sada, da budem ono što jesam,
koliko sam sada, da budem ono što jesam,
22:47
my students would have benefited
even more from my teaching,
even more from my teaching,
456
1355560
2936
moji studenti bi imali
još više koristi od mog predavanja,
još više koristi od mog predavanja,
22:50
because I would have been more comfortable
457
1358520
2056
zato što bih se osećala prijatnije
i bila bih ispunjenija
i mnogo više ono što zapravo jesam.
i mnogo više ono što zapravo jesam.
22:52
and more fully and more truly myself.
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1360600
2000
22:55
I have chosen to no longer
be apologetic for my femaleness
be apologetic for my femaleness
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1363800
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Izabrala sam da se više ne izvinjavam
za svoju ženskost i za svoju ženstvenost.
za svoju ženskost i za svoju ženstvenost.
22:59
and for my femininity.
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1367840
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(Aplauz)
23:01
(Applause)
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1369680
3000
23:07
And I want to be respected
in all of my femaleness
in all of my femaleness
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1375800
2856
Želim da me cene
u celokupnoj mojoj ženskosti
u celokupnoj mojoj ženskosti
23:10
because I deserve to be.
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1378680
1560
zato što to zaslužujem.
23:13
Gender is not an easy
conversation to have.
conversation to have.
464
1381200
2440
Razgovor o polu nije lak.
23:17
For both men and women,
465
1385080
1576
Kako za muškarce tako i za žene,
23:18
to bring up gender is sometimes
to encounter almost immediate resistance.
to encounter almost immediate resistance.
466
1386680
3936
pokrenuti priču o polu
ponekad znači naići na direktan otpor.
ponekad znači naići na direktan otpor.
23:22
I can imagine some people here
are actually thinking,
are actually thinking,
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1390640
3256
Mogu da pretpostavim
da neki ljudi ovde sada misle u sebi:
da neki ljudi ovde sada misle u sebi:
„Žene, verne samoj sebi?“
23:25
"Women too do sef."
468
1393920
1920
23:29
Some of the men here might be thinking,
469
1397520
2176
Neki od muškaraca ovde možda sada misle:
23:31
"OK, all of this is interesting,
470
1399720
1736
„Dobro, sve ovo je interesantno,
ali ja ne mislim tako.“
ali ja ne mislim tako.“
23:33
but I don't think like that."
471
1401480
1560
23:35
And that is part of the problem.
472
1403960
2216
A upravo to je deo problema.
23:38
That many men do not
actively think about gender
actively think about gender
473
1406200
2976
To što mnogi muškarci
ne razmišljaju aktivno o polu
ne razmišljaju aktivno o polu
23:41
or notice gender
474
1409200
1496
ili ne primećuju pol,
je deo problema o polu.
je deo problema o polu.
23:42
is part of the problem of gender.
475
1410720
2016
23:44
That many men, say, like my friend Louis,
476
1412760
2656
To što mnogi muškarci kažu,
kao moj prijatelj Lui,
kao moj prijatelj Lui,
23:47
that everything is fine now.
477
1415440
1680
da je sve u redu sada,
23:50
And that many men do nothing to change it.
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1418160
2856
i mnogi muškarci
ne čine ništa da to promene.
ne čine ništa da to promene.
23:53
If you are a man and you walk
into a restaurant with a woman
into a restaurant with a woman
479
1421040
2856
Ako si muškarac i uđeš u restoran sa ženom
23:55
and the waiter greets only you,
480
1423920
1680
i konobar pozdravi samo tebe,
23:58
does it occur to you to ask the waiter,
481
1426400
2496
zar ti ne pada na pamet da pitaš konobara:
24:00
"Why haven't you greeted her?"
482
1428920
1560
„Zašto nisi pozdravio i nju?“
24:05
Because gender can be --
483
1433320
1496
Zato što pol može da bude -
24:06
(Laughter)
484
1434840
2080
(Smeh)
24:16
Actually, we may repose
part of a longer version of this talk.
part of a longer version of this talk.
485
1444880
4496
Zapravo, možda smo zašli
u dužu verziju ovog govora.
u dužu verziju ovog govora.
24:21
So, because gender can be
a very uncomfortable conversation to have,
a very uncomfortable conversation to have,
486
1449400
3576
S obzirom na to da razgovor o polu
može da bude neprijatan,
može da bude neprijatan,
24:25
there are very easy ways to close it,
to close the conversation.
to close the conversation.
487
1453000
3096
postoje veoma laki načini
da se prekine taj razgovor.
da se prekine taj razgovor.
24:28
So some people will bring up
evolutionary biology and apes,
evolutionary biology and apes,
488
1456120
4176
Tako će neki ljudi spomenuti
evolucionu biologiju i majmune,
evolucionu biologiju i majmune,
24:32
how, you know, female apes
bow down to male apes
bow down to male apes
489
1460320
3656
kako se, znate, ženski majmuni
klanjaju muškim majmunima, i slično.
klanjaju muškim majmunima, i slično.
24:36
and that sort of thing.
490
1464000
1240
Ali poenta je da mi nismo majmuni.
24:37
But the point is we're not apes.
491
1465880
2056
24:39
(Laughter)
492
1467960
1416
(Smeh)
24:41
(Applause)
493
1469400
4000
(Aplauz)
24:46
Apes also live on trees
and have earthworms for breakfast,
and have earthworms for breakfast,
494
1474160
4816
Majmuni takođe žive na drvetu
i jedu crve za doručak, a mi to ne činimo.
i jedu crve za doručak, a mi to ne činimo.
24:51
and we don't.
495
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1200
24:53
Some people will say,
"Well, poor men also have a hard time."
"Well, poor men also have a hard time."
496
1481240
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Neki ljudi će reći:
„Pa, jadni muškarci, i njima je teško.“
„Pa, jadni muškarci, i njima je teško.“
24:57
And this is true.
497
1485880
1200
To je tačno.
24:59
But that is not what this --
498
1487920
1336
Ali to nije ono što -
25:01
(Laughter)
499
1489280
1096
(Smeh)
25:02
But this is not
what this conversation is about.
what this conversation is about.
500
1490400
2680
Ali ovaj razgovor nije o tome.
25:06
Gender and class
are different forms of oppression.
are different forms of oppression.
501
1494480
3776
Pol i klasa predstavljaju
različite vrste ugnjetavanja.
različite vrste ugnjetavanja.
25:10
I actually learned quite a bit
about systems of oppression
about systems of oppression
502
1498280
3656
Zapravo, ja sam naučila mnogo toga
o sistemima ugnjetavanja
o sistemima ugnjetavanja
25:13
and how they can be blind to one another
503
1501960
2456
i kako oni mogu da budu slepi
jedni za druge, razgovarajući sa crncima.
jedni za druge, razgovarajući sa crncima.
25:16
by talking to black men.
504
1504440
1480
25:19
I was once talking
to a black man about gender
to a black man about gender
505
1507320
3176
Jednom sam razgovarala
sa crncem o polu i on mi je rekao:
sa crncem o polu i on mi je rekao:
25:22
and he said to me,
506
1510520
1376
25:23
"Why do you have to say
'my experience as a woman'?
'my experience as a woman'?
507
1511920
3456
„Zašto moraš da kažeš
'moje iskustvo kao žena'?
'moje iskustvo kao žena'?
25:27
Why can't it be
508
1515400
1216
Zašto ne može da bude
'tvoje iskustvo kao ljudsko biće'?“
'tvoje iskustvo kao ljudsko biće'?“
25:28
'your experience as a human being'?"
509
1516640
1880
25:31
Now, this was the same man
510
1519840
1256
Ovo je bio isti muškarac koji je često
govorio o svom iskustvu kao crnac.
govorio o svom iskustvu kao crnac.
25:33
who would often talk
about his experience as a black man.
about his experience as a black man.
511
1521120
3000
Pol je bitan.
25:39
Gender matters.
512
1527360
1216
Muškarci i žene
doživljavaju svet različito.
doživljavaju svet različito.
25:40
Men and women
experience the world differently.
experience the world differently.
513
1528600
2496
25:43
Gender colors the way
we experience the world.
we experience the world.
514
1531120
2816
Pol određuje način
na koji doživljavamo svet.
na koji doživljavamo svet.
25:45
But we can change that.
515
1533960
1400
Ali mi možemo da promenimo to.
Neki ljudi će reći:
25:48
Some people will say,
516
1536520
1936
25:50
"Oh, but women have the real power,
517
1538480
2456
„Ali žene imaju stvarnu moć,
suštinsku moć.“
suštinsku moć.“
25:52
bottom power."
518
1540960
1776
25:54
And for non-Nigerians,
bottom power is an expression
bottom power is an expression
519
1542760
2896
Za one koji nisu Nigerijci,
suštinska moć je izraz
suštinska moć je izraz
koji pretpostavljam
da znači nešto slično tome
da znači nešto slično tome
25:57
which I suppose means
something like a woman
something like a woman
520
1545680
1856
kao žena koja koristi svoju seksualnost
da bi dobijala usluge od muškaraca.
da bi dobijala usluge od muškaraca.
25:59
who uses her sexuality
to get favors from men.
to get favors from men.
521
1547560
2760
26:03
But bottom power is not power at all.
522
1551200
2720
Ali suštinska moć nije moć uopšte.
26:08
Bottom power means that a woman
523
1556400
2776
Suštinska moć znači da žena
jednostavno ima dobru osnovu
jednostavno ima dobru osnovu
26:11
simply has a good root to tap into,
from time to time --
from time to time --
524
1559200
2896
da s vremena na vreme iskoristi tuđu moć.
26:14
somebody else's power.
525
1562120
1440
Onda, naravno, moramo da se zapitamo
26:16
And then, of course, we have to wonder
526
1564640
1856
šta kada je taj neko loše volje,
bolestan ili impotentan.
bolestan ili impotentan.
26:18
what happens when
that somebody else is in a bad mood,
that somebody else is in a bad mood,
527
1566520
2656
26:21
or sick
528
1569200
1376
26:22
or impotent.
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1200
(Smeh)
26:24
(Laughter)
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26:27
Some people will say that a woman
being subordinate to a man is our culture.
being subordinate to a man is our culture.
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Neki ljudi će reći da naša kultura nalaže
da žena bude podređena muškarcu.
da žena bude podređena muškarcu.
26:34
But culture is constantly changing.
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1976
Ali kultura se stalno menja.
26:36
I have beautiful twin nieces
who are fifteen and live in Lagos.
who are fifteen and live in Lagos.
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4656
Imam prelepe nećakinje bliznakinje
koje imaju 15 godina i žive u Lagosu.
koje imaju 15 godina i žive u Lagosu.
26:41
If they had been born a hundred years ago
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Da su se rodile pre sto godina,
bile bi odvedene i ubijene.
bile bi odvedene i ubijene.
26:44
they would have been
taken away and killed.
taken away and killed.
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2136
26:46
Because it was our culture,
it was our culture to kill twins.
it was our culture to kill twins.
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1594160
3040
Zato što je to bila naša kultura,
kultura je bila da se blizanci ubijaju.
kultura je bila da se blizanci ubijaju.
26:51
So what is the point of culture?
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Pa šta je onda svrha kulture?
26:53
I mean there's the decorative,
538
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1576
Mislim, tu je ono dekorativno - ples...
26:55
the dancing ...
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1616
26:56
but also, culture really is about
preservation and continuity of a people.
preservation and continuity of a people.
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1604720
4616
ali kultura je u stvari
i u očuvanju i produženju vrste.
i u očuvanju i produženju vrste.
27:01
In my family,
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U mojoj porodici,
ja sam dete koje najviše interesuje
priča o tome ko smo,
priča o tome ko smo,
27:02
I am the child who is most interested
in the story of who we are,
in the story of who we are,
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1610640
3176
27:05
in our traditions,
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1256
naša tradicija,
znanje o zemlji naših predaka.
znanje o zemlji naših predaka.
27:07
in the knowledge about ancestral lands.
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1615120
2176
27:09
My brothers are not as interested as I am.
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1617320
2576
Moja braća nisu zainteresovana kao ja.
27:11
But I cannot participate,
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1619920
1440
Ali ja ne mogu da učestvujem,
ne mogu da idem na plemenske sastanke,
ne mogu da idem na plemenske sastanke,
27:14
I cannot go to umunna meetings,
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2016
ne mogu da imam reč.
27:16
I cannot have a say.
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1736
27:18
Because I'm female.
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1200
Zato što sam žensko.
27:20
Culture does not make people,
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1628080
2096
Kultura ne čini ljude, ljudi čine kulturu.
27:22
people make culture.
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1630200
1400
27:24
So if it is in fact true --
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1776
Tako da ako je stvarno tačno -
27:26
(Applause)
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3496
(Aplauz)
27:30
So if it is in fact true
554
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1616
Tako da ako je stvarno tačno
27:31
that the full humanity of women
is not our culture,
is not our culture,
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1639880
2896
da celokupno čovečanstvo žena
ne čini našu kulturu,
ne čini našu kulturu,
27:34
then we must make it our culture.
556
1642800
1720
onda treba da ih učinimo našom kulturom.
27:38
I think very often of my dear friend,
Okoloma Maduewesi.
Okoloma Maduewesi.
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5616
Veoma često se setim
svog dragog prijatelja,
svog dragog prijatelja,
Okolome Maduevesija.
27:43
May he and all the others
who passed away in that Sosoliso crash
who passed away in that Sosoliso crash
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3976
Neka on i svi ostali koji su preminuli
u toj nesreći Sosolisa, počivaju u miru.
u toj nesreći Sosolisa, počivaju u miru.
27:47
continue to rest in peace.
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1655680
1480
27:50
He will always be remembered
by those of us who loved him.
by those of us who loved him.
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3080
Pamtićemo ga svi mi koji smo ga voleli.
27:54
And he was right that day many years ago
when he called me a feminist.
when he called me a feminist.
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1662880
4496
Bio je u pravu onog dana pre mnogo godina
kada me je nazvao feministkinjom.
kada me je nazvao feministkinjom.
Ja jesam feministkinja.
27:59
I am a feminist.
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1667400
1240
28:01
And when I looked up the word
in the dictionary that day,
in the dictionary that day,
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2696
A kada sam tog dana potražila reč
u rečniku, ovo je pisalo:
u rečniku, ovo je pisalo:
28:04
this is what it said:
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1672120
1256
„Feminista: osoba koja veruje
u socijalnu, političku
u socijalnu, političku
28:05
"Feminist: a person
who believes in the social, political
who believes in the social, political
565
1673400
3376
28:08
and economic equality of the sexes."
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3696
i ekonomsku jednakost među polovima.“
28:12
My great grandmother,
from the stories I've heard,
from the stories I've heard,
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1680520
2936
Moja čukunbaka, iz priča koje sam čula,
je bila feministkinja.
je bila feministkinja.
28:15
was a feminist.
568
1683480
1576
28:17
She ran away from the house of the man
she did not want to marry
she did not want to marry
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1685080
3376
Pobegla je iz kuće muškarca
za kog nije želela da se uda
za kog nije želela da se uda
28:20
and ended up marrying
the man of her choice.
the man of her choice.
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1688480
2080
i na kraju se udala
za onog koga je izabrala.
za onog koga je izabrala.
28:23
She refused, she protested, she spoke up
571
1691160
2976
Odbijala je, bunila se, dizala svoj glas
28:26
whenever she felt she was being deprived
of access, of land, that sort of thing.
of access, of land, that sort of thing.
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1694160
5296
kad god je osećala da joj je uskraćen
pristup, zemlja, i tome slično.
pristup, zemlja, i tome slično.
28:31
My great grandmother
did not know that word "feminist,"
did not know that word "feminist,"
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3296
Moja čukunbaka nije znala
za reč „feministkinja“,
za reč „feministkinja“,
28:34
but it doesn't mean that she wasn't one.
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1920
ali to ne znači da ona to nije bila.
28:38
More of us should reclaim that word.
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1920
Više nas bi trebalo
da povrati pravo na tu reč.
da povrati pravo na tu reč.
28:42
My own definition of feminist is:
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2400
Moja definicija feministe je:
28:45
"A feminist is a man or a woman
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1713200
2376
feminista je muškarac ili žena
28:47
who says --
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1200
koji kaže -
28:49
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
28:52
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
28:58
A feminist is a man or a woman who says,
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Feminista je muškarac ili žena koji kaže:
29:01
"Yes, there's a problem
with gender as it is today,
with gender as it is today,
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3296
„Da, postoji problem sa polom
onako kako je to danas,
onako kako je to danas,
29:05
and we must fix it.
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i moramo da ga rešimo.
29:06
We must do better."
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Moramo da učinimo stvari boljim.“
29:09
The best feminist I know
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Najbolji feminista kog poznajem
je moj brat Kene.
je moj brat Kene.
29:12
is my brother Kene.
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1740040
1320
29:14
He's also a kind,
good-looking, lovely man,
good-looking, lovely man,
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3896
On je takođe ljubazan,
zgodan, predivan muškarac,
zgodan, predivan muškarac,
29:18
and he's very masculine.
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i veoma je muževan.
29:21
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
29:22
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie - NovelistInspired by Nigerian history and tragedies all but forgotten by recent generations of westerners, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s novels and stories are jewels in the crown of diasporan literature.
Why you should listen
In Nigeria, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's novel Half of a Yellow Sun has helped inspire new, cross-generational communication about the Biafran war. In this and in her other works, she seeks to instill dignity into the finest details of each character, whether poor, middle class or rich, exposing along the way the deep scars of colonialism in the African landscape.
Adichie's newest book, The Thing Around Your Neck, is a brilliant collection of stories about Nigerians struggling to cope with a corrupted context in their home country, and about the Nigerian immigrant experience.
Adichie builds on the literary tradition of Igbo literary giant Chinua Achebe—and when she found out that Achebe liked Half of a Yellow Sun, she says she cried for a whole day. What he said about her rings true: “We do not usually associate wisdom with beginners, but here is a new writer endowed with the gift of ancient storytellers.”
(Photo: Wani Olatunde)
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie | Speaker | TED.com