ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Murray Gell-Mann - Physicist
Murray Gell-Mann brings visibility to a crucial aspect of our existence that we can't actually see: elemental particles. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for introducing quarks, one of two fundamental ingredients for all matter in the universe.

Why you should listen

He's been called "the man with five brains" -- and Murray Gell-Mann has the resume to prove it. In addition to being a Nobel laureate, he is an accomplished physicist who's earned numerous awards, medals and honorary degrees for his work with subatomic particles, including the groundbreaking theory that the nucleus of an atom comprises 100 or so fundamental building blocks called quarks.

Gell-Mann's influence extends well beyond his field: He's a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Council on Foreign Relations. He also serves on the board of the Wildlife Conservation Society and is a director of Encyclopedia Britannica. Gell-Mann, a professor emeritus of Caltech, now heads the evolution of human languages program at the Santa Fe Institute, which he cofounded in 1984.

A prolific writer -- he's penned scores of academic papers and several books, including The Quark and the Jaguar -- Gell-Mann is also the subject of the popular science biography Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in 20th-Century Physics.

More profile about the speaker
Murray Gell-Mann | Speaker | TED.com
TED2007

Murray Gell-Mann: The ancestor of language

Mari Gel-Man o poreklu jezika

Filmed:
944,446 views

Posle svog predavanja o elegantnosti fizike tokom TED2007, zapanjujući Mari Gel-Man daje kratak pregled još jednog svog pasioniranog interesovanja: pronalaženja zajedničkog porekla naših modernih jezika.
- Physicist
Murray Gell-Mann brings visibility to a crucial aspect of our existence that we can't actually see: elemental particles. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for introducing quarks, one of two fundamental ingredients for all matter in the universe. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
Well, I'm involvedукључени in other things, besidesОсим тога physicsфизика.
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Pa, bavim se i drugim stvarima, pored fizike.
00:17
In factчињеница, mostlyуглавном now in other things.
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Zapravo, trenutno se uglavnom bavim drugim stvarima.
00:19
One thing is distantдалеко relationshipsвезе amongмеђу humanљудско languagesјезике.
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Jedna od njih su daleke veze između ljudskih jezika.
00:24
And the professionalпрофесионално, historicalисторијски linguistslingvistima in the U.S.
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Profesionalni, istorijski lingvisti u SAD
00:28
and in WesternZapadni EuropeEurope mostlyуглавном try to stayостани away
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i Zapadnoj Evropi se uglavnom ne bave
00:31
from any long-distanceна даљину relationshipsвезе, bigвелики groupingsgrupisanja,
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tim "vezama na daljinu", velikim grupisanjima,
00:35
groupingsgrupisanja that go back a long time,
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grupisanjima koja se protežu dugo unazad,
00:38
longerдуже than the familiarпознат familiesпородице.
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dalje od poznatih familija.
00:41
They don't like that. They think it's crankцранк. I don't think it's crankцранк.
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Ne sviđa im se to; misle da je neozbiljno. Ne slažem se sa njima.
00:45
And there are some brilliantбрилијантно linguistslingvistima, mostlyуглавном RussiansRusi,
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Neki brilijantni lingvisti, uglavnom Rusi,
00:48
who are workingрад on that, at SantaDeda Mraz FeFe InstituteInstitut and in MoscowMoskva,
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rade na tome na Santa Fe Institutu i u Moskvi,
00:52
and I would love to see where that leadsводи.
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i voleo bih da vidim gde ta istraživanja vode.
00:56
Does it really leadолово to a singleједно ancestorpredak
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Da li će zaista ukazati na jedinstvenog pretka
00:59
some 20, 25,000 yearsгодине agoпре?
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koji je postojao pre nekih 20, 25 hiljada godina?
01:02
And what if we go back beyondизван that singleједно ancestorpredak,
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I šta ako "pogledamo" pre tog jedinstvenog pretka,
01:05
when there was presumablyпретпостављам a competitionконкуренција amongмеђу manyмноги languagesјезике?
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gde pretpostavljamo da se mnogo jezika "takmičilo"?
01:09
How farдалеко back does that go? How farдалеко back does modernмодеран languageЈезик go?
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Koliko dugo to traje? Koliko dugo postoji moderan jezik?
01:13
How manyмноги tensдесетке of thousandsхиљаде of yearsгодине does it go back?
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Koliko mnogo desetina hiljada godina?
01:16
ChrisKris AndersonAnderson: Do you have a hunchslutnja or a hopeнадати се for what the answerодговор to that is?
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Kris Anderson: Imate li neku pretpostavku ili nadu vezano za odgovor na to pitanje?
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MurrayMurray Gell-MannGell-Mann: Well, I would guessпретпостављам that modernмодеран languageЈезик mustмора be olderстарији
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Mari Gel-Man: Pa, pretpostavljam da moderni jezik mora biti stariji
01:22
than the cavepećina paintingsслике and cavepećina engravingsgravure and cavepećina sculpturesскулптуре
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od pećinskih crteža, pećinskih gravura i pećinskih skulptura,
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and danceплес stepsкораци in the softмеко clayглине in the cavesпећине in WesternZapadni EuropeEurope,
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i plesnih koraka u mekoj glini u pećinama Zapadne Evrope
01:31
in the AurignacianAurignacian PeriodPeriod some 35,000 yearsгодине agoпре, or earlierраније.
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u Orinjasijen periodu, pre nekih 35 hiljada godina, ili čak ranije.
01:37
I can't believe they did all those things and didn't alsoтакође have a modernмодеран languageЈезик.
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Ne verujem da su radili sve te stvari, a da nisu imali moderan jezik.
01:40
So, I would guessпретпостављам that the actualстварно originпорекло goesиде back at leastнајмање that farдалеко and maybe furtherдаље.
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Stoga pretpostavljam da potiče iz tog vremena zapravo, a možda i iz nekog ranijeg.
01:45
But that doesn't mean that all, or manyмноги, or mostнајвише
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To ne znači da svi, ili mnogi, ili većina
01:48
of today'sданас attestedo kvalifikaciji languagesјезике couldn'tније могао descendSpusti se perhapsможда
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jezika za koje danas znamo nisu mogli nastati
01:52
from one that's much youngerмлађи than that, like say 20,000 yearsгодине,
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od nekog koji je mnogo mlađi od toga, npr. 20 hiljada godina,
01:56
or something of that kindкинд. It's what we call a bottleneckуско грло.
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ili nešto slično. To je ono što zovemo "usko grlo".
02:00
CACA: Well, PhilipFilip AndersonAnderson mayможе have been right.
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Kris Anderson: Filip Anderson je izgleda bio u pravu.
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You mayможе just know more about everything than anyoneбило ко.
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Vi možda zaista znate o bilo čemu više od bilo koga.
02:04
So, it's been an honorчаст. Thank you MurrayMurray Gell-MannGell-Mann.
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Bila nam je čast. Hvala Vam, Mari Gel-Mane.
02:06
(ApplauseAplauz)
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(Aplauz)
Translated by Stevan Radanovic
Reviewed by Ivana Korom

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Murray Gell-Mann - Physicist
Murray Gell-Mann brings visibility to a crucial aspect of our existence that we can't actually see: elemental particles. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for introducing quarks, one of two fundamental ingredients for all matter in the universe.

Why you should listen

He's been called "the man with five brains" -- and Murray Gell-Mann has the resume to prove it. In addition to being a Nobel laureate, he is an accomplished physicist who's earned numerous awards, medals and honorary degrees for his work with subatomic particles, including the groundbreaking theory that the nucleus of an atom comprises 100 or so fundamental building blocks called quarks.

Gell-Mann's influence extends well beyond his field: He's a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Council on Foreign Relations. He also serves on the board of the Wildlife Conservation Society and is a director of Encyclopedia Britannica. Gell-Mann, a professor emeritus of Caltech, now heads the evolution of human languages program at the Santa Fe Institute, which he cofounded in 1984.

A prolific writer -- he's penned scores of academic papers and several books, including The Quark and the Jaguar -- Gell-Mann is also the subject of the popular science biography Strange Beauty: Murray Gell-Mann and the Revolution in 20th-Century Physics.

More profile about the speaker
Murray Gell-Mann | Speaker | TED.com