TED2008
Al Gore: New thinking on the climate crisis
Al Gore: Mawazo mapya kuhusu tatizo la mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa
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Katika kielelezopicha hiki kipya (kinachozinduliwa kwenye TED.com), Al Gore anatoa ushahidi kwamba kasi ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa yaweza kuwa mbaya kuliko wanasayansi walivyobashiri hivi karibuni. Anatupa changamoto tuchukue hatua.
Al Gore - Climate advocate
Nobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions. Full bio
Nobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
I have given the slide show that I gave here two years ago about 2,000 times.
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Nimeshaonyesha kielelezopicha hiki ambacho nilikionyesha hapa miaka miwili iliyopita kwa mara takriban 2,000
00:25
I'm giving a short slide show this morning
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Asubuhi ya leo nitatoa kielelezopicha kifupi
00:30
that I'm giving for the very first time, so --
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ambacho ninakitoa kwa mara ya kwanza, kwa hiyo
00:33
well it's -- I don't want or need to raise the bar,
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-- sitaki wala sihitaji kupandisha matumaini;
00:38
I'm actually trying to lower the bar.
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Ninajaribu kushusha matumaini.
00:39
Because I've cobbled this together
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Kwasababu nimeisuka hii pamoja kujaribu
00:44
to try to meet the challenge of this session.
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kukidhi changamoto la kipindi hiki.
00:49
And I was reminded by Karen Armstrong's fantastic presentation
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Na nilikumbushwa na mada nzuri aliyoitoa Karen Armstrong
00:54
that religion really properly understood
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kwamba dini ikieleweka vizuri
01:00
is not about belief, but about behavior.
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cha muhimu siyo imani, bali tabia.
01:03
Perhaps we should say the same thing about optimism.
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Labda tuseme hivyo hivyo kuhusu matarajio.
01:07
How dare we be optimistic?
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Tunawezaje kuwa na matarajio?
01:11
Optimism is sometimes characterized as a belief, an intellectual posture.
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Matarajio wakati mwingine yanachukuliwa kama imani, mtazamo wa kisomi
01:19
As Mahatma Gandhi famously said,
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Kama vile Mahatma Ghandi alivyosema,
01:22
"You must become the change you wish to see in the world."
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"Inakubidi uwe mabadiliko unayopenda kuyaona katika dunia."
01:25
And the outcome about which
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Na matokeo ambayo
01:27
we wish to be optimistic is not going to be created
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tunatamani yawe matarajio hayawezi kutokea
01:32
by the belief alone, except to the extent that the belief
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kwa imani peke yake, isipokuwa kwa kiwango ambacho imani
01:37
brings about new behavior. But the word "behavior"
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inaleta tabia mpya. Lakini neno "tabia"
01:43
is also, I think, sometimes misunderstood in this context.
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pia nadhani, wakati mwingine halieleweki katika muktadha huu.
01:47
I'm a big advocate of changing
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Mimi ni mtetezi wa kubadili
01:50
the lightbulbs and buying hybrids,
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taa za umeme na kununua chotara,
01:53
and Tipper and I put 33 solar panels on our house,
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mimi na Tipper tuliweka vibango vya kunasa mwanga wa jua 33 katika nyumba yetu,
01:57
and dug the geothermal wells, and did all of that other stuff.
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na ninachimba visima vya nguvujoto, na ninafanya mambo mengine mengi tu.
02:02
But, as important as it is to change the lightbulbs,
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Lakini, kama ilivyo muhimu kubadilisha taa za umeme,
02:06
it is more important to change the laws.
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ni muhimu zaidi kubadilisha sheria.
02:08
And when we change our behavior in our daily lives,
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Na tukibadili tabia zetu katika maisha yetu ya kila siku,
02:14
we sometimes leave out the citizenship part
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mara nyingine tunaacha sehemu ya uraia
02:17
and the democracy part. In order to be optimistic about this,
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na sehemu ya demokrasia. Ili tuwe na matarajio kuhusu hili,
02:24
we have to become incredibly active as citizens in our democracy.
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ni lazima tuwe raia wa mstari wa mbele katika demokrasia yetu.
02:30
In order to solve the climate crisis,
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Ili kuweza kutatua matatizo ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa,
02:32
we have to solve the democracy crisis.
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inabidi tutatue matatizo ya demokrasia.
02:35
And we have one.
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(Makofi). Na tunalo moja.
02:37
I have been trying to tell this story for a long time.
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Nimekuwa nikijaribu kuielezea habari hii kwa muda mrefu.
02:42
I was reminded of that recently, by a woman
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Nilikumbushwa kuhusu hili hivi karibuni na mwanamke
02:46
who walked past the table I was sitting at,
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aliyepita pembeni mwa meza niliyokuwa nimekaa,
02:49
just staring at me as she walked past. She was in her 70s,
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alikuwa akinishangaa wakati akinipita. Alikuwa ni wa makamo ya miaka 70 hivi,
02:53
looked like she had a kind face. I thought nothing of it
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alionekana mwenye sura ya huruma. Sikufikiria lolote kuhusu hilo
02:57
until I saw from the corner of my eye
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mpaka nilipoona kutoka upande mmoja wa macho yangu
03:00
she was walking from the opposite direction,
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alikuwa akielekea upande mwingine
03:02
also just staring at me. And so I said, "How do you do?"
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huku akinishangaa. Kwa hiyo nikamwambia, "Waonaje hali?"
03:06
And she said, "You know, if you dyed your hair black,
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Na alisema, "Wajua, kama nywele zako ungeziweka rangi nyeusi,
03:09
you would look just like Al Gore." (Laughter)
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ungefanana na Al Gore." (kicheko).
03:19
Many years ago, when I was a young congressman,
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Miaka mingi iliyopita, wakati nikiwa mbunge kijana,
03:21
I spent an awful lot of time dealing with the challenge
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nilitumia muda mwingi sana kupambana na changamoto hili
03:25
of nuclear arms control -- the nuclear arms race.
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la kuzuia silaha za nyuklia -- mashindano ya silaha za nyuklia.
03:28
And the military historians taught me,
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Na mwanahistoria wa jeshi alinifundisha
03:31
during that quest, that military conflicts are typically
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katika kipindi kile kuwa migongano ya kijeshi
03:36
put into three categories: local battles,
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inawekwa katika makundi matatu: mapigano ya ndani,
03:41
regional or theater wars, and the rare but all-important
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mapigano ya kanda na machache lakini muhimu
03:46
global, world war -- strategic conflicts.
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ya ulimwengu, vita vya dunia. Migongano ya kimkakati.
03:51
And each level of conflict requires a different allocation of resources,
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Na kila hatua ya mgongano inahitaji mgawanyo tofauti wa rasilimali
03:56
a different approach,
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mbinu tofauti,
03:58
a different organizational model.
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uendeshaji kwa mtindo tofauti.
04:02
Environmental challenges fall into the same three categories,
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Changamoto za mazingira zimo katika makundi hayohayo matatu,
04:06
and most of what we think about
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na kila tunachofikiria
04:07
are local environmental problems: air pollution, water pollution,
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matatizo ya mazingira yanayotukabili: uchafuzi wa hewa, uchafuzi wa maji,
04:10
hazardous waste dumps. But there are also
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majalala ya uchafu wa hatari. Lakini pia kuna
04:14
regional environmental problems, like acid rain
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matatizo ya mazingira ya kanda, kama mvua ya tindikali
04:17
from the Midwest to the Northeast, and from Western Europe
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kutoka Masharikikati mpaka Kaskazinimashariki mpaka Ulaya Magharibi
04:21
to the Arctic, and from the Midwest
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mpaka Aktiki, na kutoka Magharibikati
04:25
out the Mississippi into the dead zone of the Gulf of Mexico.
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mpaka Mississippi na hata kwenye ukanda wa ghuba ya Mexico.
04:28
And there are lots of those. But the climate crisis
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Na zipo nyingi kama hizo. Lakini matatizo ya hali ya hewa
04:30
is the rare but all-important
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ni adimu lakini ni miongoni mwa migongano muhimu
04:32
global, or strategic, conflict.
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ya ulimwengu au kimkakati.
04:35
Everything is affected. And we have to organize our response
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Kila kitu kinaathirika. Na inabidi tupangilie mikakati yetu
04:40
appropriately. We need a worldwide, global mobilization
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vizuri. Tunahitaji uhamasishaji wa dunia nzima
04:46
for renewable energy, conservation, efficiency
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kwa nishati mbadala, utunzaji mazingira, ufanisi
04:49
and a global transition to a low-carbon economy.
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na dunia ya mapito kuelekea uchumi wa kaboni pungufu.
04:52
We have work to do. And we can mobilize resources
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Tuna kazi kubwa mbele yetu. Na tunaweza kuhamasisha rasilimali
04:56
and political will. But the political will
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na nia ya dhati ya kisiasa. Lakini nia ya dhati
05:00
has to be mobilized, in order to mobilize the resources.
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ni lazima ihamasishwe ili kuhamasisha rasilimali.
05:03
Let me show you these slides here.
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Ngoja niwaonyeshe vielelezopicha.
05:08
I thought I would start with the logo. What's missing here,
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Nilidhani ningeanza na nembo. Kinachosekana hapa
05:15
of course, is the North Polar ice cap.
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kwa hakika ni kilele cha barafu cha Ncha ya Kaskazini.
05:17
Greenland remains. Twenty-eight years ago, this is what the
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Greenland imebaki. Miaka 28 iliyopita, hivi ndivyo
05:24
polar ice cap -- the North Polar ice cap -- looked like
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kilele cha barafu cha ncha ya kaskazini -- kilivyokuwa kinaonekana
05:28
at the end of the summer, at the fall equinox.
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katika mwisho wa majira ya joto wakati jua likivuka ikweta.
05:32
This last fall, I went to the Snow and Ice Data Center
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Msimu wa majira ya kupukutika majani uliopita, nilikwenda kwenye masijala ya takwimu za theluji na barafu
05:36
in Boulder, Colorado, and talked to the researchers
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huko Boulder, Colorado, na nilikaongea na watafiti
05:39
here in Monterey at the Naval Postgraduate Laboratory.
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hapa Monterey katika Naval 'Postgraduate Laboratory'
05:43
This is what's happened in the last 28 years.
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Haya ndio yaliyotokea miaka 28 iliyopita.
05:47
To put it in perspective, 2005 was the previous record.
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Kuliweka hili sawa, mwaka 2005 ulikuwa ni rekodi iliyopita.
05:52
Here's what happened last fall
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Hiki ndicho kilichotokea msimu wa majira ya kupukutika majani uliopita
05:55
that has really unnerved the researchers.
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na imewashtua watafiti.
05:58
The North Polar ice cap is the same size geographically --
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Kijiografia, kilele cha barafu cha ncha ya kaskazini kina ukubwa sawa.
06:10
doesn't look quite the same size --
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Hakionekani kuwa sawa
06:11
but it is exactly the same size as the United States,
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lakini kina ukubwa sawa na Marekani,
06:15
minus an area roughly equal to the state of Arizona.
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ukiondoa sehemu iliyo takriban sawa na jimbo la Arizona.
06:18
The amount that disappeared in 2005
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Kiasi kilichopotea mwaka 2005
06:21
was equivalent to everything east of the Mississippi.
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kilikuwa sawa na kila kitu mashariki ya Mississippi.
06:25
The extra amount that disappeared last fall
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Kiasi cha ziada kilichotoweka msimu uliopita wa majira ya kupukutika majani
06:29
was equivalent to this much. It comes back in the winter,
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kilikuwa sawa na hiki. Kinarudi tena wakati wa majira ya baridi,
06:32
but not as permanent ice, as thin ice --
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lakini sio kama barafu ya kudumu: bali barafu nyembamba.
06:36
vulnerable. The amount remaining could be completely gone
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Dhaifu. Kiasi kilichobaki kinaweza kutoweka chote
06:42
in summer in as little as five years.
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wakati wa majira ya joto katika muda mfupi wa miaka takriban mitano.
06:43
That puts a lot of pressure on Greenland.
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Hii inaleta mgandamizo mkubwa huko Greenland.
06:49
Already, around the Arctic Circle --
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Tayari, katika mzunguko wa Aktiki --
06:57
this is a famous village in Alaska. This is a town
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hiki ni kijiji maarufu huko Alaska. Ni kitongoji
07:01
in Newfoundland. Antarctica. Latest studies from NASA.
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cha Newfoundland. Antaktika. Utafiti wa NASA hivi karibuni
07:10
The amount of a moderate-to-severe snow melting
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Kiasi cha kuyeyuka barafu kwa kiwango cha kawaida mpaka kikubwa kabisa.
07:13
of an area equivalent to the size of California.
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kwenye sehemu yenye ukubwa sawa na California.
07:17
"They were the best of times,
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“Zilikuwepo nyakati nzuri,
07:20
they were the worst of times": the most famous opening sentence
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Ilikuwa ni wakati mbaya”: kifungua sentensi maarafu sana
07:23
in English literature. I want to share briefly
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katika fasihi ya Kiingereza. Ningependa kuwahadithia kwa ufupi
07:26
a tale of two planets. Earth and Venus
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"Hadithi ya Sayari Mbili". Dunia na Zuhura
07:29
are exactly the same size. Earth's diameter
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Zina ukubwa sawa. Kipenyo cha dunia
07:32
is about 400 kilometers larger, but essentially the same size.
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ni takriban kilometa 400 zaidi, lakini ni ukubwa sawa.
07:37
They have exactly the same amount of carbon.
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Zina kiasi sawa cha kaboni
07:39
But the difference is, on Earth, most of the carbon
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Lakini tofauti ni, duniani, karibu kaboni yake yote
07:44
has been leeched over time out of the atmosphere,
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imefyonzwa kwa miaka mingi kutoka kwenye anga
07:47
deposited in the ground as coal, oil,
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imekusanyika katika ardhi kama makaa ya mawe, mafuta,
07:51
natural gas, etc. On Venus, most of it
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gesi asilia, nk. Katika Zuhura, kaboni nyingi
07:54
is in the atmosphere. The difference is that our temperature
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bado iko angani. Tofauti ni hali yetu ya hewa
07:59
is 59 degrees on average. On Venus,
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ni nyuzi 59 kwa wastani. Kwenye Zuhura
08:02
it's 855. This is relevant to our current strategy
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ni 855. Hii ina maana zaidi kwa mkakati wetu wa sasa
08:06
of taking as much carbon out of the ground as quickly as possible,
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wa kuondoa kaboni nyingi ardhini haraka tuwezavyo
08:08
and putting it into the atmosphere.
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na kuiweka katika anga.
08:12
It's not because Venus is slightly closer to the Sun.
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Sio kwasababu Zuhura iko karibu zaidi ya jua.
08:15
It's three times hotter than Mercury,
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Ni ya moto mara tatu zaidi ya Zebaki,
08:17
which is right next to the Sun. Now, briefly,
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ambayo iko karibu kabisa na jua. Sasa, kwa ufupi
08:20
here's an image you've seen, as one of the only old images,
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hii hapa ni picha ambayo mmeiona kama moja ya picha za zamani,
08:22
but I show it because I want to briefly give you CSI: Climate.
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lakini ninaionyesha kwasababu ninataka kuwapa CSI: Hali ya hewa.
08:26
The global scientific community says:
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Jumuiya ya wanasayansi duniani inasema,
08:32
man-made global warming pollution, put into the atmosphere,
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uchafuzi wa mazingira unaosababishwa na mwanadamu, ukiwekwa kwenye anga,
08:36
thickening this, is trapping more of the outgoing infrared.
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unaongeza utando, unaozuia miale inayotoka.
08:38
You all know that. At the last
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Wote mnajua kwamba, angalau
08:39
IPCC summary, the scientists wanted to say,
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Muhtsari wa IPCC, wanasayansi walitaka kusema,
08:43
"How certain are you?" They wanted to answer that "99 percent."
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“Mna uhakika gani?” Walitaka kujibu kwamba ni "asilimia 99.”
08:46
The Chinese objected, and so the compromise was
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Wachina walipinga, kwa hiyo muafaka ulikuwa
08:48
"more than 90 percent."
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“zaidi ya asilimia 90.”
08:50
Now, the skeptics say, "Oh, wait a minute,
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Naam, wenye mashaka walisema, “Oh, subiri kidogo,
08:53
this could be variations in this energy
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hii inaweza kuwa mabadiliko kwenye – hii nishati
08:57
coming in from the sun." If that were true,
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kutoka kwenye jua. “Kama hii ni kweli,
09:00
the stratosphere would be heated as well as the
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basi anga za juu zingekuwa za moto sana sawa na
09:04
lower atmosphere, if it's more coming in.
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anga za chini, iwapo joto zaidi litakuwa linaingia.
09:07
If it's more being trapped on the way out, then you would
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Iwapo litakuwa linazuiwa wakati wa kutoka, kwa hiyo
09:10
expect it to be warmer here and cooler here. Here is the lower atmosphere.
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tungetegemea kuwe na joto kidogo hapa na baridi kidogo pale. Hapa ni anga za chini.
09:16
Here's the stratosphere: cooler.
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Hapa ni anga za kati: baridi zaidi.
09:19
CSI: Climate.
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CSI: Hali ya hewa
09:20
Now, here's the good news. Sixty-eight percent of Americans now believe
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Naam, hapa kuna habari njema. 68% ya Wamarekani wanaamini
09:27
that human activity is responsible
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kwamba shughuli za binadamu ndizo zinasababisha
09:30
for global warming. Sixty-nine percent believe that the Earth is heating up
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matatizo ya ongezeko la joto. Asilimia 69 wanaamini kuwa joto la dunia linaongezeka
09:35
in a significant way. There has been progress,
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kwa kiasi kikubwa. Kumekuwa na maendeleo,
09:38
but here is the key: when given a list
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lakini hapa kuna ufunguo: ukipewa orodha
09:45
of challenges to confront, global warming is still listed at near the bottom.
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kati ya changamoto za kukabiliana nazo, uchafuzi wa hali ya hewa ulimwenguni umewekwa mwishoni kabisa mwa orodha
09:54
What is missing is a sense of urgency.
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Kinachokosekana hapa ni umuhimu wa dharura hii.
09:57
If you agree with the factual analysis,
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Kama utakubaliana na mchanganuo wa hali halisi,
10:02
but you don't feel the sense of urgency,
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lakini huoni umuhimu wa wito huu,
10:05
where does that leave you?
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upo upande gani?
10:06
Well, the Alliance for Climate Protection, which I head
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Naam, Umoja wa Ulinzi wa Hali ya Hewa, ambao ninauongoza
10:09
in conjunction with Current TV -- who did this pro bono --
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kwa kushirikiana na CurrentTV – ambao wameandaa muswaada huu,
10:13
did a worldwide contest to do commercials on how to communicate this.
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walifanya mashindano dunia nzima ya jinsi ya kutangaza hili.
10:17
This is the winner.
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Huyu ndiye mshindi.
11:06
NBC -- I'll show all of the networks here -- the top journalists
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NBC – Nitawaonyesha hapa vituo vyote vya televisheni – na waandishi mahiri
11:13
for NBC asked 956 questions in 2007
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wa NBC waliuliza maswali 956 mwaka 2007
11:17
of the presidential candidates: two of them were about
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miongoni mwa wagombea urais: mawili kati yao yalikuwa kuhusu
11:20
the climate crisis. ABC: 844 questions, two about the climate crisis.
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matatizo ya hali ya hewa. ABC: maswali 844, mawili kuhusu matatizo ya hali ya hewa.
11:27
Fox: two. CNN: two. CBS: zero.
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Fox: mawili. CNN: mawili. CBS: sifuri.
11:37
From laughs to tears -- this is one of the older
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Kuanzia vicheko mpaka machozi. Hili ni mojawapo ya
11:41
tobacco commercials.
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matangazo ya zamani ya tumbaku.
11:43
So here's what we're doing.
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Kwa hiyo hiki ndicho tunachofanya.
11:45
This is gasoline consumption in all of these countries. And us.
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Haya ni matumizi ya petroli katika nchi zote hizi. Na sisi.
11:55
But it's not just the developed nations.
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Lakini siyo nchi zilizoendelea peke yake.
12:01
The developing countries are now following us
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Nchi zinazoendelea zinatufuata kwa sasa
12:05
and accelerating their pace. And actually,
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na wanakaza mwendo. Na kwa hakika,
12:07
their cumulative emissions this year are the equivalent
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jumla ya utoaji wa hewa chafu kwa mwaka huu ni sawa
12:10
to where we were in 1965. And they're catching up
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na tulivyokuwa mwaka 1965. Na wanatukaribia
12:13
very dramatically. The total concentrations:
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kwa haraka sana. Jumla ya kiasi chote:
12:17
by 2025, they will be essentially where we were in 1985.
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ifikapo mwaka 2025, itakuwa sawa na tulivyokuwa mwaka 1985
12:23
If the wealthy countries were completely missing
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Kama nchi tajiri wasingekuwepo kabisa
12:28
from the picture, we would still have this crisis.
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hapa, tungekuwa bado na tatizo hili.
12:31
But we have given to the developing countries
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Lakini tumewapa nchi zinazoendelea
12:35
the technologies and the ways of thinking
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teknolojia na njia za kufikiria
12:37
that are creating the crisis. This is in Bolivia --
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ambazo zinaongeza tatizo. Hii hapa ni Bolivia.
12:43
over thirty years.
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Kwa miaka zaidi ya 30.
13:05
This is peak fishing in a few seconds. The '60s.
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Hapa ni unyakuaji wa sekunde chache. Miaka ya 60.
13:09
'70s. '80s. '90s. We have to stop this. And the good news is that we can.
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70, 80, 90. Ni lazima tusimamishe hili. Na habari njema ni kwamba tunaweza.
13:18
We have the technologies.
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Teknolojia tunazo.
13:22
We have to have a unified view of how to go about this:
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Inabidi tuwe na msimamo wa pamoja wa jinsi gani tutakabiliana na hili:
13:27
the struggle against poverty in the world
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mapambano dhidi ya umaskini duniani
13:31
and the challenge of cutting wealthy country emissions,
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na changamoto la kupunguza utoaji wa hewa chafu kwa nchi tajiri,
13:35
all has a single, very simple solution.
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zote zina utatuzi mmoja rahisi.
13:39
People say, "What's the solution?" Here it is.
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Watu wanasema, “Utatuzi ni upi?” Huu hapa.
13:43
Put a price on carbon. We need a CO2 tax, revenue neutral,
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Weka bei kwenye kaboni. Tunahitaji kodi ya CO2, mapato
13:49
to replace taxation on employment, which was invented by Bismarck --
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yatakayoondoa ushuru kwenye ajira, ambao ulivumbuliwa na Bismark --
13:57
and some things have changed
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na mambo mengine yamebadilika
13:58
since the 19th century.
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toka karne ya 19.
13:59
In the poor world, we have to integrate the responses
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Katika ulimwengu maskini, inatubidi tuunganishe mikakati yetu
14:06
to poverty with the solutions to the climate crisis.
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juu ya umaskini na utatuzi wa matatizo ya hali ya hewa.
14:10
Plans to fight poverty in Uganda
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Mpango wa kupambana na umaskini Uganda
14:13
are mooted, if we do not solve the climate crisis.
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utaathiriwa iwapo hatutatatua tatizo la hali ya hewa.
14:17
But responses can actually make a huge difference
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Lakini muitikio unaweza kuleta tofauti kubwa sana
14:25
in the poor countries. This is a proposal
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katika nchi maskini. Hili ni pendekezo
14:30
that has been talked about a lot in Europe.
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ambalo limezungumzwa sana huko Ulaya.
14:34
This was from Nature magazine. These are concentrating
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Hii ni kutoka kwenye jarida la Nature Magazine. Hizi zinazingatia
14:38
solar, renewable energy plants, linked in a so-called "supergrid"
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nishati mbadala ya jua, iliyounganishwa kwenye umeme wa gridi
14:45
to supply all of the electrical power
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kusambaza umeme
14:48
to Europe, largely from developing countries -- high-voltage DC currents.
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Ulaya kote, zaidi kutoka kwenye nchi zinazoendelea. Umeme wa DC.
14:56
This is not pie in the sky; this can be done.
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Hii sio “chapati angani,” hii inawezekana.
14:59
We need to do it for our own economy.
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Tunahitaji kufanya hili kwa ajili ya uchumi wetu wenyewe.
15:02
The latest figures show that the old model
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Takwimu za hivi karibuni zinaonyesha kuwa muundo wa zamani
15:05
is not working. There are a lot of great investments
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haufanikiwi. Kuna fursa kubwa ya uwekezaji
15:09
that you can make. If you are investing in tar sands
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ambayo mnaweza kufanya. Kama unawekeza kwenye udongo wa lami
15:13
or shale oil, then you have a portfolio
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au mafuta, basi una kibindo
15:19
that is crammed with sub-prime carbon assets.
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ambacho kina raslimali za kaboni.
15:23
And it is based on an old model.
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Na kiko katika muundo wa zamani.
15:27
Junkies find veins in their toes when the ones
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Walevi wa madawa haramu wanaona mishipa kwenye vidole vyao wakati zile za
15:30
in their arms and their legs collapse. Developing tar sands
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kwenye mikono na miguu yao hazionekani. Kutengeneza lami
15:35
and coal shale is the equivalent. Here are just a few of the investments
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na makaa ni sawa. Hii hapa ni baadhi ya mifano ya uwekezaji
15:41
that I personally think make sense.
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ambayo nafikiri inaleta maana.
15:44
I have a stake in these, so I'll have a disclaimer there.
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Nina maslahi katika hizi, kwa hiyo nina udhuru hapa.
15:47
But geothermal, concentrating solar,
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Lakini joto la ardhini, kukusanya nishati ya jua,
15:50
advanced photovoltaics, efficiency and conservation.
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betri za miali ya jua za teknolojia ya hali ya juu, ufanisi na uhifadhi.
15:57
You've seen this slide before, but there's a change.
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Mmewahi kuona hiki kielelezopicha, lakini kuna mabadiliko.
16:00
The only two countries that didn't ratify
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Nchi mbili pekee ambazo hazikuridhia
16:04
-- and now there's only one. Australia had an election.
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--na sasa iko moja tu. Australia ilifanya uchaguzi.
16:09
And there was a campaign in Australia
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Na kulikuwa na kampeni huko Australia
16:12
that involved television and Internet and radio commercials
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ambayo ilihusisha luninga na mtandao na matangazo ya redio
16:17
to lift the sense of urgency for the people there.
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kuhamasisha uzito wa dharura hii kwa watu wa huko.
16:19
And we trained 250 people to give the slide show
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Na tuliwafunza watu 250 jinsi ya kuonyesha kielelezopicha hiki
16:23
in every town and village and city in Australia.
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katika vitongoji na vijiji na miji huko Australia.
16:28
Lot of other things contributed to it,
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Vitu vingine vingi vilichangia kwenye hilo,
16:30
but the new Prime Minister announced that
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lakini Waziri Mkuu mpya alitangaza kwamba
16:33
his very first priority would be to change Australia's position
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Jambo lake la muhimu kwanza ni kubadili msimamo wa Australia
16:37
on Kyoto, and he has. Now, they came to an awareness
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kuhusu Kyoto, na amefanya hivyo. Sasa wameelewa
16:42
partly because of the horrible drought that they have had.
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sababu mojawapo ikiwa ni ukame mkubwa uliowakumba.
16:46
This is Lake Lanier. My friend Heidi Cullen
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Hili ni Ziwa Lanier. Rafiki yangu Heidi Cullins
16:50
said that if we gave droughts names the way we give hurricanes names,
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kama tungekuwa tunatoa majina kwa ukame kama tufanyavyo kwa vimbunga,
16:54
we'd call the one in the southeast now Katrina,
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tungeuita ukame wa kusini mashariki Katrina,
16:57
and we would say it's headed toward Atlanta.
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na tungesema kuwa unaelekea Atlanta.
16:59
We can't wait for the kind of drought
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Hatuwezi kusubiri ukame kama huu
17:03
Australia had to change our political culture.
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ili tubadili utamaduni wetu wa kisiasa.
17:05
Here's more good news. The cities supporting Kyoto in the U.S.
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Hii hapa habari njema. Miji inayounga mkono mkataba wa Kyoto nchini Marekani
17:14
are up to 780 -- and I thought I saw one go by there,
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imefikia 780 -- na nadhani niliuona mmoja ukipita pale,
17:17
just to localize this -- which is good news.
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ukirahisisha hii. Hii ni habari njema.
17:23
Now, to close, we heard a couple of days ago
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Sasa kwa kumalizia, tulisikia siku chache zilizopita
17:29
about the value of making individual heroism so commonplace
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kuhusu thamani ya kufanya ujasiri uonekane kitu cha kawaida
17:38
that it becomes banal or routine.
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ili iwe jambo la kawaida.
17:41
What we need is another hero generation. Those of us who are alive
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Tunachohitaji sasa ni kizazi kipya cha majasiri. Sisi tulio hai
17:50
in the United States of America
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ndani ya Marekani
17:52
today especially, but also the rest of the world,
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hasa leo, na hata kwa dunia nzima,
17:55
have to somehow understand that history
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inabidi waelewe kuwa historia
18:00
has presented us with a choice -- just as Jill [Bolte] Taylor was figuring out
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imetupa uchaguzi -- kama vile ambavyo Jill Bolte Taylor alipojaribu
18:10
how to save her life while she was distracted
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kuokoa maisha yake wakati alipokuwa amekinzwa
18:15
by the amazing experience that she was going through.
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na hali ya kushangaza iliyomkumba.
18:19
We now have a culture of distraction.
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Sasa tuna utamaduni wa ukinzani.
18:22
But we have a planetary emergency.
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Lakini tuna dharura ya kidunia.
18:27
And we have to find a way to create,
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Inabidi tutafute njia ya kujenga,
18:31
in the generation of those alive today, a sense of generational mission.
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katika kizazi cha walio hai leo, wito wa dhamira
18:37
I wish I could find the words to convey this.
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Natamani ningepata maneno muafaka ya kuelezea hili.
18:43
This was another hero generation
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Hiki kilikuwa ni kizazi kingine shupavu
18:45
that brought democracy to the planet.
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kilicholeta demokrasia katika dunia.
18:48
Another that ended slavery. And that gave women the right to vote.
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Ambacho kiliondoa utumwa. Na kuwapa wanawake haki ya kupiga kura.
18:55
We can do this. Don't tell me that we don't have the capacity to do it.
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Tunaweza kulifanya hili. Usiniambie kuwa hatuna uwezo wa kulifanya.
19:02
If we had just one week's worth of what we spend on the Iraq War,
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Iwapo tukiwa na wiki moja tu ya gharama tunaitumia kwenye vita vya Iraki,
19:06
we could be well on the way to solving this challenge.
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tungekuwa tunakaribia kutatua changamoto hili.
19:09
We have the capacity to do it.
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Tuna uwezo wa kutenda.
19:19
One final point: I'm optimistic, because I believe
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Jambo la mwisho. Nina matumaini, kwasababu nina amini
19:32
we have the capacity, at moments of great challenge,
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tuna uwezo, katika wakati huu wa changamoto kubwa,
19:36
to set aside the causes of distraction and rise to the challenge
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kuweka pembeni ukinzani na kujikwamua kwenye changamoto hili.
19:42
that history is presenting to us.
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ambalo historia imetuwekea.
19:47
Sometimes I hear people respond to the disturbing facts of the climate crisis
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Wakati mwingine nasikia watu wakiongelea kuhusu hali tete ya matatizo ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa
19:59
by saying, "Oh, this is so terrible.
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kwa kusema, "Oh, hii mbaya sana.
20:01
What a burden we have." I would like to ask you
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Mzigo mkubwa tunao." Ningependa kuwaomba
20:07
to reframe that. How many generations
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mbadilishe hilo. Ni vizazi vingapi
20:11
in all of human history have had the opportunity
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katika historia ya mwanadamu wamekuwa na fursa
20:16
to rise to a challenge that is worthy of our best efforts?
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ya kupambana na changamoto lenye kuhitaji juhudi zetu kubwa?
20:25
A challenge that can pull from us
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Changamoto ambalo litatukamua
20:31
more than we knew we could do? I think we ought to approach
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kuliko uwezo wetu wa kutenda? Nafikiri inabidi tukabiliane
20:39
this challenge with a sense of profound joy
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na changamoto hili kwa furaha kubwa
20:43
and gratitude that we are the generation
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na shukrani kuwa sisi ni kizazi
20:48
about which, a thousand years from now,
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ambacho, miaka elfu ijayo,
20:52
philharmonic orchestras and poets and singers will celebrate
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waghani wa muziki na washairi watasheherekea
21:01
by saying, they were the ones that found it within themselves
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kwa kusema, kuwa sisi tulifanikiwa kujitafuta ndani mwetu
21:08
to solve this crisis and lay the basis
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kutatua tatizo hili na kuweka msingi
21:13
for a bright and optimistic human future.
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kwa maisha ya baadae ya mwanandamu yenye matumaini.
21:15
Let's do that. Thank you very much.
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Tufanye hivyo. Asanteni sana.
21:42
Chris Anderson: For so many people at TED, there is deep pain
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Chris Anderson: Kwa watu wengi wa TED, kuna uchungu mkubwa
21:48
that basically a design issue
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ambao ni wa ubunifu tu -- lakini mwishowe,
21:50
on a voting form --
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ubunifu kwenye karatasi ya uchaguzi --
21:52
one bad design issue meant that your voice wasn't being heard
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ubunifu mbaya ni kwamba sauti yako haikusikika
21:56
like that in the last eight years in a position
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kama ile ya miaka nane iliyopita katika nafasi
21:57
where you could make these things come true.
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ambayo ungeweza kufanya kweli.
21:59
That hurts.
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Hii inauma.
22:01
Al Gore: You have no idea. (Laughter)
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Al Gore: Hamuelewi ninyi. (Kicheko).
22:11
CA: When you look at what the leading candidates
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CA: Ukiangalia wagombea wanaoongoza
22:12
in your own party are doing now -- I mean, there's --
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katika chama chako wanachokifanya kwa sasa – Namaanisha, kuna --
22:14
are you excited by their plans on global warming?
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unafurahia mipango yao kuhusu matatizo ya hali ya hewa?
22:28
AG: The answer to the question is hard for me
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AG: Jibu la swali hilo ni gumu kwangu
22:32
because, on the one hand, I think that
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kwasababu, kwa upande mwingine, nadhani kwamba
22:36
we should feel really great about the fact
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ni lazima tuone fahari kwa ukweli kwamba
22:41
that the Republican nominee -- certain nominee --
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mgombea wa Republican – mgombea wa uhakika--
22:47
John McCain, and both of the finalists
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John McCain, na wagombea wote
22:51
for the Democratic nomination -- all three have a very different
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wa Democratic – wote watatu wana tofauti
22:56
and forward-leaning position
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ya mitazamo ya namna ya kusonga mbele
22:58
on the climate crisis. All three have offered leadership,
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juu ya matatizo ya hali ya hewa. Wote watatu wameahidi kutoa mwongozo,
23:03
and all three are very different from the approach taken
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na wote watatu wana mitazamo tofauti kutokana na msimamo
23:07
by the current administration. And I think
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wa uongozi wa sasa. Na ninadhani
23:10
that all three have also been responsible in
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kuwa wote watatu wamewajibika katika
23:14
putting forward plans and proposals. But the campaign dialogue that --
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kupitisha mipango na mapendekezo. Lakini mazungumzo ya kampeni --
23:25
as illustrated by the questions --
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kama yalivyofafanuliwa kwa maswali --
23:26
that was put together by the
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ambayo yalitayarishwa na
23:27
League of Conservation Voters, by the way, the analysis of all the questions --
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Umoja wa Wapiga Kura Watunzaji wa Mazingira, mchanganuo wa maswali yote --
23:30
and, by the way, the debates have all been
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na, mathalani, midahalo yote
23:34
sponsored by something that goes by the Orwellian label,
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imedhaminiwa na nembo ya Orwellian,
23:36
"Clean Coal." Has anybody noticed that?
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“Makaa Safi.” Kuna mtu yeyote ameliona hilo?
23:40
Every single debate has been sponsored by "Clean Coal."
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Kila mdahalo ulidhaminiwa na “Makaa Masafi.”
23:44
"Now, even lower emissions!"
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“Naam, kupunguza zaidi hewa chafu!”
23:46
The richness and fullness of the dialogue
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Ukubwa na uzito wa mazungumzo
23:50
in our democracy has not laid the basis
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katika demokrasia yetu haujaweka msingi
23:53
for the kind of bold initiative that is really needed.
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katika mikakati thabiti inayohitajika.
23:57
So they're saying the right things and they may --
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Kwa hiyo wanasema maneno muafaka na itabidi wafanye --
24:00
whichever of them is elected -- may do the right thing,
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yeyote atakayechaguliwa – jambo la muhimu,
24:03
but let me tell you: when I came back from Kyoto
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lakini ngoja niwaeleze: niliporudi kutoka Kyoto
24:07
in 1997, with a feeling of great happiness
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mwaka 1997 nikiwa na hisia za furaha kubwa
24:14
that we'd gotten that breakthrough there,
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kwamba tumewezakupata utatuzi huko,
24:16
and then confronted the United States Senate,
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na nililikabili bunge la Marekani,
24:18
only one out of 100 senators was willing to vote
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lakini mbunge mmoja kati ya 100 alikuwa tayari kupiga kura
24:22
to confirm, to ratify that treaty. Whatever the candidates say
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kupitisha, kuridhia mkataba huo. Chochote watakachosema wagombea
24:29
has to be laid alongside what the people say.
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lazima kiwe sambamba na watakachosema watu.
24:34
This challenge is part of the fabric
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Changamoto hili ni sehemu ya mfumo
24:38
of our whole civilization.
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wa ustaarabu wetu wote.
24:40
CO2 is the exhaling breath of our civilization, literally.
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CO2 ni pumzi ya ustaarabu wetu.
24:44
And now we mechanized that process. Changing that pattern
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Na sasa tumeutengeneza mlolongo huu bandia. Kubadilisha mwelekeo
24:47
requires a scope, a scale, a speed of change
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kunahitaji upeo, kipimo, mwelekeo wa mabadiliko
24:54
that is beyond what we have done in the past.
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ambayo ni zaidi ya tulivyofanya huko nyuma.
24:57
So that's why I began by saying,
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Na ndio maana ninaanza kwa kusema,
24:59
be optimistic in what you do, but be an active citizen.
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muwe na matumaini kwa mnachokifanya, lakini muwe raia wenye shauku
25:06
Demand -- change the light bulbs,
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Mahitaji – badilisha taa za umeme,
25:08
but change the laws. Change the global treaties.
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lakini pia badilisha sheria. Badilisha mikataba ya kimataifa.
25:11
We have to speak up. We have to solve this democracy -- this --
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Ni lazima tuongelee hili. Tutatue hii demokrasia – hii--
25:18
We have sclerosis in our democracy. And we have to change that.
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Tuna sclerosis kwenye demokrasia yetu. Na inabidi tubadili hili.
25:25
Use the Internet. Go on the Internet.
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Tumia mtandao. Nenda kwenye mtandao.
25:26
Connect with people. Become very active as citizens.
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Ungana na watu. Muwe raia wenye shauku
25:30
Have a moratorium -- we shouldn't
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Muweze kuzuia -- hatuwezi
25:32
have any new coal-fired generating plants
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kuwa na mitambo mipya ya kutengeneza nishati ya makaa
25:34
that aren't able to capture and store CO2, which means we have to
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ambayo haiwezi kuchuja na kutunza CO2. Hii ina maana kwamba inatulazimu
25:39
quickly build these renewable sources.
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tujenge haraka vyanzo hivi vya nishati mbadala.
25:41
Now, nobody is talking on that scale. But I do believe
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Kwa sasa, hakuna mtu anaongelea kwenye kiwango hicho. Lakini naamini
25:45
that between now and November, it is possible.
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kwamba kati ya sasa na Novemba, inawezekana.
25:49
This Alliance for Climate Protection
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Huu Mshikamano wa Kutunza Mazingira
25:51
is going to launch a nationwide campaign --
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utazindua kampeni ya nchi nzima --
25:54
grassroots mobilization, television ads, Internet ads,
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uhamasishaji kuanzia shina, matangazo ya luninga, matangazo ya mtandaoni,
25:57
radio, newspaper -- with partnerships with everybody
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radio, magazeti – kwa kushirikiana na kila mtu
26:00
from the Girl Scouts to the hunters and fishermen.
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Kutoka Maskauti wa Kike mpaka wawindaji na wavuvi.
26:03
We need help. We need help.
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Tuna hitaji msaada. Tunahitaji msaada.
26:07
CA: In terms of your own personal role going forward,
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CA: Kwa wajibu wako binafsi kusonga mbele,
26:11
Al, is there something more than that
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Al, kuna kitu kingine zaidi ya hicho
26:13
you would like to be doing?
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ambacho utapenda kufanya?
26:14
AG: I have prayed that I would be able to find the answer
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AG: Nimekuwa nikisali ili niweze kupata jibu
26:22
to that question. What can I do?
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la swali hilo. Nifanyaje?
26:27
Buckminster Fuller once wrote, "If the future
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Buckminster Fuller aliandika, "Kama maisha ya baadae ya
26:31
of all human civilization depended on me, what would I do?
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ya ustaarabu yangenitegemea mimi, ningefanya nini?
26:36
How would I be?" It does depend on all of us,
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Nitakuwaje? Itatutegemea sisi sote,
26:41
but again, not just with the light bulbs.
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hata hivyo, sio kwa taa za umeme tu.
26:43
We, most of us here, are Americans. We have a democracy.
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Wengi wetu hapa, ni Wamarekani. Tuna demokrasia.
26:51
We can change things, but we have to actively change.
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Tunaweza kubadili mambo, lakini tunatakiwa tuhamasike kubadili.
26:57
What's needed really is a higher level of consciousness.
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Kinachotakiwa hasa ni ufahamu zaidi.
27:02
And that's hard to --
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Na hii ni ngumu ku --
27:04
that's hard to create -- but it is coming.
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ni ngumu kuijenga -- lakini inakuja.
27:08
There's an old African proverb that some of you know
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Kuna methali ya zamani ya Kiafrika ambayo baadhi yenu mnaijua
27:11
that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone;
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ambayo inasema, "iwapo unataka kwenda haraka, nenda peke yako;
27:15
if you want to go far, go together." We have to go far, quickly.
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iwapo mnataka kwenda mbali, nendeni pamoja. "Inabidi twende mbali haraka.
27:23
So we have to have a change in consciousness.
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Kwahiyo inatubidi tuwe na mabadiliko katika ufahamu.
27:27
A change in commitment. A new sense of urgency.
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Mabadiliko katika malengo. Nia mpya ya dharura.
27:31
A new appreciation for the privilege
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Utambuzi mpya wa fursa hii
27:34
that we have of undertaking this challenge.
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tuliyonayo katika kukabiliana na changamoto hili.
27:37
CA: Al Gore, thank you so much for coming to TED.
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CA: Al Gore, asanteni sana kwa kuja TED
27:41
AG: Thank you. Thank you very much.
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AG: Asante. Asante sana. (Makofi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Al Gore - Climate advocateNobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions.
Why you should listen
Former Vice President Al Gore is co-founder and chairman of Generation Investment Management. While he’s is a senior partner at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and a member of Apple, Inc.’s board of directors, Gore spends the majority of his time as chair of The Climate Reality Project, a nonprofit devoted to solving the climate crisis.
He is the author of the bestsellers Earth in the Balance, An Inconvenient Truth, The Assault on Reason, Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis, and most recently, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change. He is the subject of the Oscar-winning documentary An Inconvenient Truth and is the co-recipient, with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, of the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 for “informing the world of the dangers posed by climate change.”
Gore was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, 1978, 1980 and 1982 and the U.S. Senate in 1984 and 1990. He was inaugurated as the 45th Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1993, and served eight years.
Al Gore | Speaker | TED.com