TED2017
David Miliband: The refugee crisis is a test of our character
David Miliband: Mgogoro wa wakimbizi ni kipimo cha utu wetu
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Watu millioni sitini na tano walitolewa katika makazi yao na migogoro na majanga katika mwaka 2016. Huu sio tu ni mgogoro; lakini pia ni kipimo cha kuwa sisi ni nani na tunasimamia nini, anasema David Miliband - kila moja wetu ana jukumu binafsi kutatua hali hii. Katika mazungumzo haya yenye umuhimu wa kipekee kuyaangalia , Miliband anatupa njia za dhahiri za kuwasaidia wakimbizi na kugeuza huruma na kuwawazia wengine kuwa vitendo.
David Miliband - Refugee advocate
As president of the International Rescue Committee, David Miliband enlists his expert statesmanship in the fight against the greatest global refugee crisis since World War II. Full bio
As president of the International Rescue Committee, David Miliband enlists his expert statesmanship in the fight against the greatest global refugee crisis since World War II. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Ninaenda kuongea nanyi kuhusu janga la kidunia la wakimbizi
00:12
I'm going to speak to you
about the global refugee crisis
about the global refugee crisis
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00:16
and my aim is to show you that this crisis
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na lengo langu ni kuwaonyesha kwamba janga hili
00:20
is manageable, not unsolvable,
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Linaweza kusimamiwa, halishindikani kutatuliwa,
00:23
but also show you that this is
as much about us and who we are
as much about us and who we are
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lakini pia kuwaonyesha kwamba hili jambo ni zaidi kuhusu sisi na vile tulivyo
00:29
as it is a trial of the refugees
on the front line.
on the front line.
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kama lilivyo ni jaribu kwa wakimbizi waliopo mstari wa mbele.
00:33
For me, this is not
just a professional obligation,
just a professional obligation,
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Kwangu mimi, hili sio jukumu la kikazi tu,
00:36
because I run an NGO supporting refugees
and displaced people around the world.
and displaced people around the world.
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kwa vile ninaendesha taasisi isiyo ya kiserikali inayoshughululika na wakimbuzi duniani kote.
00:41
It's personal.
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nachukulia kama jukumu la kibinafsi.
00:43
I love this picture.
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Naipenda picha hii.
00:45
That really handsome guy on the right,
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Yule kijana mtanashati sana upande wa kulia,
00:48
that's not me.
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yule sio mimi.
00:49
That's my dad, Ralph, in London, in 1940
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Ni baba yangu, Ralph, akiwa London, mwaka 1940
00:53
with his father Samuel.
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akiwa na baba yake Samwel.
00:55
They were Jewish refugees from Belgium.
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Walikuwa wakimbizi wa Kiyahudi tokea Ubelgiji.
00:58
They fled the day the Nazis invaded.
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Walikimbia siku ambazo Nazi wa Ujerumani walivamia.
01:02
And I love this picture, too.
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Na naipenda picha hii, pia.
01:04
It's a group of refugee children
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Ni kundi la watoto wakimbizi
01:07
arriving in England in 1946 from Poland.
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walipowasili Uingereza mwaka 1946 kutokea Poland.
01:11
And in the middle is my mother, Marion.
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Na katikati ni mama yangu, Marion.
01:14
She was sent to start a new life
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Alitumwa kwenda kuanza maisha mapya
01:17
in a new country
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katika nchi mpya
01:19
on her own
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yeye mwenyewe
01:20
at the age of 12.
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akiwa na miaka 12.
01:22
I know this:
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Najua hili;
01:24
if Britain had not admitted refugees
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Kama Waingereza wasingeruhusu wakimbizi
01:27
in the 1940s,
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mwaka 1940,
01:29
I certainly would not be here today.
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Nina uhakika nisingekuwa hapa leo.
01:34
Yet 70 years on,
the wheel has come full circle.
the wheel has come full circle.
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Bado katika miaka 70, gurudumu limezunguka kuwa kamili.
01:38
The sound is of walls being built,
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Sauti za kuta ambazo zimejengwa,
01:41
vengeful political rhetoric,
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siasa za visasi,
01:44
humanitarian values and principles on fire
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thamani ya ubinadamu na misingi katika moto
01:48
in the very countries
that 70 years ago said never again
that 70 years ago said never again
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katika nchi ambazo miaka 70 iliyopita zilisema hakuna tena kamwe
01:52
to statelessness and hopelessness
for the victims of war.
for the victims of war.
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wataokuwa bila mataifa na matumaini ambao ni wahanga wa vita.
01:58
Last year, every minute,
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Mwaka uliopita, kila dakika,
02:02
24 more people were displaced
from their homes
from their homes
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zaidi ya watu 24 walikuwa wakiondolewa kutoka majumbani mwao
02:05
by conflict, violence and persecution:
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kwa mafarakano, machafuko na unyanyapaa wa kibaguzi:
02:09
another chemical weapon attack in Syria,
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shambulio lingine la silaha za kemikali nchini Syria,
02:11
the Taliban on the rampage in Afghanistan,
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Watalibani na machafuko nchini Afghanistan,
02:15
girls driven from their school
in northeast Nigeria by Boko Haram.
in northeast Nigeria by Boko Haram.
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wasichana waliotekwa na Boko Haram wakiwa shule Kaskazini- Mashariki mwa Nigeria.
02:21
These are not people
moving to another country
moving to another country
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Hawa sio watu ambao wanahamia nchi nyingine
02:25
to get a better life.
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kupata maisha bora.
02:27
They're fleeing for their lives.
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Wanahama kwa kuokoa maisha yao.
02:31
It's a real tragedy
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Ni jambo la kuhuzunisha mno
02:33
that the world's most famous refugee
can't come to speak to you here today.
can't come to speak to you here today.
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kwamba mkimbizi maarufu duniani hawezi kuja kuongea hapa leo hii.
02:39
Many of you will know this picture.
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Wengi wenu mtaitambua picha hii.
02:41
It shows the lifeless body
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Inaonyesha mwili usio na maisha
02:44
of five-year-old Alan Kurdi,
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mwa mvulana wa miaka mitano aitwaye Alan Kurdi,
02:46
a Syrian refugee who died
in the Mediterranean in 2015.
in the Mediterranean in 2015.
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mkimbizi wa Syria aliyefariki Mediterenian mwaka 2015.
02:51
He died alongside 3,700 others
trying to get to Europe.
trying to get to Europe.
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Alifariki na wengine 3700 wakati wakijaribu kuingia Ulaya.
02:56
The next year, 2016,
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Mwaka uliofata, 2016,
02:58
5,000 people died.
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Watu 5000 walifariki.
03:02
It's too late for them,
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Walikuwa wamechelewa mno,
03:05
but it's not too late
for millions of others.
for millions of others.
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lakini ni mapema kwa wengine mamilioni.
03:08
It's not too late
for people like Frederick.
for people like Frederick.
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Bado ni mapema kwa watu kama Frederick.
03:10
I met him in the Nyarugusu
refugee camp in Tanzania.
refugee camp in Tanzania.
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Nilikutana nae katika kambi ya wakimbizi inayofahamika kama Nyarugusu nchini Tanzania.
03:14
He's from Burundi.
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Anatokea Burundi.
03:15
He wanted to know
where could he complete his studies.
where could he complete his studies.
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Alitaka kujua ni wapi angeweza kumaliza masomo yake.
03:18
He'd done 11 years of schooling.
He wanted a 12th year.
He wanted a 12th year.
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Amesoma madarasa 11, na alitaka malizia mwaka wa 12.
03:21
He said to me, "I pray
that my days do not end here
that my days do not end here
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Aliniambia, "Ninaomba kwa Mungu siku zangu zisiiishie hapa
03:26
in this refugee camp."
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katika kambi hii ya wakimbizi."
03:28
And it's not too late for Halud.
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Na bado ni mapema kwa Halud.
03:31
Her parents were Palestinian refugees
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Wazazi wake walikuwa ni wakimbizi wa Kipalestina
03:34
living in the Yarmouk refugee camp
outside Damascus.
outside Damascus.
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wanaoishi katika kambi ya Yarmouk nje ya mji mkuu wa Damascus.
03:37
She was born to refugee parents,
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Alizaliwa wazazi wakimbizi,
03:39
and now she's a refugee
herself in Lebanon.
herself in Lebanon.
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na sasa ni mkimbizi akiwa peke yake nchini Lebanon.
03:42
She's working for the International
Rescue Committee to help other refugees,
Rescue Committee to help other refugees,
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Anafanya kazi katika kamati ya kimataifa ya kusaidia wakimbizi wengine,
03:46
but she has no certainty at all
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lakini hana uhakika wowote
03:49
about her future,
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kuhusu maisha yake ya baadaye,
03:52
where it is or what it holds.
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yapo wapi na yana ahadi gani.
03:54
This talk is about Frederick, about Halud
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Hotuba hii ni kuhusu Frederick, na kuhusu Halud
03:58
and about millions like them:
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na kuhusu mamilioni ya wengine;
04:00
why they're displaced,
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na walikuwa wameondolewa,
04:02
how they survive, what help they need
and what our responsibilities are.
and what our responsibilities are.
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wanaishi vipi, msaada gani wanahitaji na majukumu yetu ni yapi.
04:07
I truly believe this,
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Ninaamini katika hili,
04:10
that the biggest question
in the 21st century
in the 21st century
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kwamba swali kubwa katika karne ya 21
04:13
concerns our duty to strangers.
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linahusu majukumu yetu kwa watu tusiowafahamu.
04:17
The future "you" is about your duties
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Kesho yako inahusu majukumu yako
04:20
to strangers.
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kwa usiowafahamu.
04:22
You know better than anyone,
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Unajua vyema kuliko mwingine yoyote,
04:23
the world is more connected
than ever before,
than ever before,
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dunia imeunganishwa kirahisi sana kuliko miaka ya nyuma,
04:28
yet the great danger
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lakini hatari kubwa
04:30
is that we're consumed by our divisions.
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ni kwamba tunatumia muda mwingi katika utengano wetu.
04:34
And there is no better test of that
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Na hakuna jaribio bora kwa hilo
04:36
than how we treat refugees.
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kuliko jinsi tunavyowajali wakimbizi.
04:38
Here are the facts: 65 million people
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Huu ni ukweli: watu milioni 65
04:41
displaced from their homes
by violence and persecution last year.
by violence and persecution last year.
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waliondolewa kutoka majumbani mwao kwa machafuko mwaka uliopita.
04:45
If it was a country,
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Kama ingekuwa ni nchi,
04:46
that would be the 21st
largest country in the world.
largest country in the world.
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ingekuwa ni nchi kubwa kuliko zote duniani katika karne ya 21.
04:50
Most of those people, about 40 million,
stay within their own home country,
stay within their own home country,
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Wengi ya hawa watu, takribani milioni 40, wanaishi katika nchi zao,
04:55
but 25 million are refugees.
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lakini milioni 25 ni wakimbizi.
04:57
That means they cross a border
into a neighboring state.
into a neighboring state.
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Hii inamaanisha wanavuka mpaka kwenda nchi jirani.
05:01
Most of them are living in poor countries,
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Wengi wao wanaishi katika nchi masikini,
05:05
relatively poor or lower-middle-income
countries, like Lebanon,
countries, like Lebanon,
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nchi za umasikini wa ulinganifu au zilizo na kipato cha chini cha kati, kama Lebanon,
05:08
where Halud is living.
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ambapo Halud anaishi.
05:10
In Lebanon, one
in four people is a refugee,
in four people is a refugee,
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Nchini Lebanon, mtu mmoja kati ya wanne ni mkimbizi,
05:15
a quarter of the whole population.
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robo ya watu wote.
05:18
And refugees stay for a long time.
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Na wakimbizi hukaa kwa muda mrefu.
05:20
The average length of displacement
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Muda wa wastani wa kukimbia
05:23
is 10 years.
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ni miaka kumi.
05:25
I went to what was the world's
largest refugee camp, in eastern Kenya.
largest refugee camp, in eastern Kenya.
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Nilikwenda katika kambi kubwa ya wakimbizi duniani, mashariki ya Kenya.
05:30
It's called Dadaab.
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Inafahamika kama Dadaab.
05:31
It was built in 1991-92
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Ilijengwa kati mwaka 1991 hadi 92
05:33
as a "temporary camp"
for Somalis fleeing the civil war.
for Somalis fleeing the civil war.
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kama kambi ya muda kwa Wasomali waliokimbia kutokana na vita ya kisiasa.
05:37
I met Silo.
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Nilikutana na Silo.
05:39
And naïvely I said to Silo,
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Na nikajisemea kwa Silo,
05:42
"Do you think you'll ever
go home to Somalia?"
go home to Somalia?"
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"Unadhani utaweza kurudi nyumbani Somalia?"
05:45
And she said, "What do you mean, go home?
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Na alisema, "Unamaanisha nini, kurudi nyumbani?
05:48
I was born here."
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Nimezaliwa hapa."
05:50
And then when I asked the camp management
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Na kisha nilipouliza utawala wa kambi ile
05:52
how many of the 330,000 people
in that camp were born there,
in that camp were born there,
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ni wangapi kati ya watu 330,000 walizaliwa palepale kambini,
05:56
they gave me the answer:
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Walinipa jibu;
05:59
100,000.
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100,000
06:01
That's what long-term displacement means.
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Hii ndiyo maana ya ukimbizi wa muda mrefu.
06:05
Now, the causes of this are deep:
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Sasa, chanzo cha haya matatizo kina kina kirefu;
06:07
weak states that can't
support their own people,
support their own people,
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mataifa dhaifu ambayo hayawezi kujali watu wao,
06:10
an international political system
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mfumo wa kimataifa wa siasa
06:13
weaker than at any time since 1945
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dhaifu kuliko muda wowote kuanzia 1945
06:16
and differences over theology, governance,
engagement with the outside world
engagement with the outside world
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na tofauti za imani za kidini, utawala, mahusiano na dunia ya nje
06:20
in significant parts of the Muslim world.
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katika sehemu muhimu ya dunia ya Kiislamu
06:24
Now, those are long-term,
generational challenges.
generational challenges.
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Sasa, hizi ni changamoto za vizazi ambazo ni za muda mrefu.
06:27
That's why I say that this refugee crisis
is a trend and not a blip.
is a trend and not a blip.
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Ndiyo maana ninasema hili janga la wakimbizi ni jambo ambalo ni muendelezo na sio la kushtukiza.
06:32
And it's complex, and when you have
big, large, long-term, complex problems,
big, large, long-term, complex problems,
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Ni tata, na pale unapokuwa na matatizo ambayo ni makubwa, ya muda mrefu,
06:36
people think nothing can be done.
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watu hufikiri hamna jambo linaloweza fanyika.
06:40
When Pope Francis went to Lampedusa,
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Wakati Papa Francis alipokwenda Lampedusa,
06:43
off the coast of Italy, in 2014,
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katika pwani za Italia, mwaka 2014,
06:44
he accused all of us
and the global population
and the global population
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alitushutumu sisi sote na dunia nzima
06:48
of what he called
"the globalization of indifference."
"the globalization of indifference."
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ambapo aliita ni dunia ya "utandawazi wa wasiojali."
06:52
It's a haunting phrase.
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Ni msemo ambao upo nasi mara zote.
06:54
It means that our hearts
have turned to stone.
have turned to stone.
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Ina maana kwamba mioyo yetu imegeuka kuwa ya mawe.
06:58
Now, I don't know, you tell me.
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Sasa, sifahamu, uniambie.
07:00
Are you allowed to argue with the Pope,
even at a TED conference?
even at a TED conference?
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Unatakiwa kulumbana na Papa, hata katika mkutano wa TED?
07:04
But I think it's not right.
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Lakini nafikiri si sahihi.
07:06
I think people do want
to make a difference,
to make a difference,
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Nadhani watu wanataka kufanya mabadiliko,
07:08
but they just don't know whether
there are any solutions to this crisis.
there are any solutions to this crisis.
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lakini hawajui kama kuna utatuzi wowote wa hili janga.
07:12
And what I want to tell you today
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Na ninachotaka kuwaambia leo
07:14
is that though the problems are real,
the solutions are real, too.
the solutions are real, too.
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Ni kwamba ingawa matatizo ni makubwa, na ufumbuzi wake ni mkubwa pia
07:17
Solution one:
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Ufumbuzi wa kwanza:
07:19
these refugees need to get into work
in the countries where they're living,
in the countries where they're living,
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wakimbizi hawa wanatakiwa wajishughulishe katika nchi wanazoishi.
07:22
and the countries where they're living
need massive economic support.
need massive economic support.
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na nchi ambazo wanaishi zinatakiwa kupewa msaada mkubwa wa kiuchumi.
07:26
In Uganda in 2014, they did a study:
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Mwaka 2014 nchini Uganda, walifanya utafiti:
07:28
80 percent of refugees
in the capital city Kampala
in the capital city Kampala
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Asilimia 80 ya wakimbizi katika mji mkuu wa Kampala
07:31
needed no humanitarian aid
because they were working.
because they were working.
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hawakuhitaji msaada wa kibinadamu kwa sababu walikuwa wakifanya kazi.
07:34
They were supported into work.
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Walikuwa wakisaidiwa katika kazi.
07:36
Solution number two:
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Ufumbuzi namba mbili:
07:38
education for kids
is a lifeline, not a luxury,
is a lifeline, not a luxury,
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elimu kwa watoto ni msingi wa maisha, sio starehe,
07:42
when you're displaced for so long.
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Unapokuwa umekimbia kwa muda mrefu.
07:45
Kids can bounce back when they're given
the proper social, emotional support
the proper social, emotional support
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Watoto wanaweza shindwa pale wanapopewa msaada sahihi wa kijamii na kihisia
07:49
alongside literacy and numeracy.
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pamoja na maarifa
07:51
I've seen it for myself.
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Nimejionea mwenyewe.
07:54
But half of the world's refugee children
of primary school age
of primary school age
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Lakini nusu wa wakimbizi watoto duniani walio katika umri wa elimu ya msingi
07:58
get no education at all,
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hawapati elimu kabisa,
08:00
and three quarters of secondary school age
get no education at all.
get no education at all.
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na robo tatu ya umri wa shule ya sekondari hawapati elimu kabisa.
08:03
That's crazy.
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Inachanganya akili sana!
08:05
Solution number three:
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Ufumbuzi namba tatu:
08:08
most refugees are in urban areas,
in cities, not in camps.
in cities, not in camps.
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wakimbizi wengi wapo katika maeneo ya mijini, katika majiji, na sio katika makambi.
08:11
What would you or I want
if we were a refugee in a city?
if we were a refugee in a city?
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Ni kipi utachotaka au nitachotaka kama tungekuwa wakimbizi katika jiji?
08:14
We would want money
to pay rent or buy clothes.
to pay rent or buy clothes.
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Tungehitaji fedha kwa ajili ya kulipa kodi na kununua nguo.
08:18
That is the future
of the humanitarian system,
of the humanitarian system,
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Hiyo ni kesho ya mfumo wa kibinadamu,
08:20
or a significant part of it:
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au nyanja muhimu:
08:22
give people cash so that
you boost the power of refugees
you boost the power of refugees
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wape watu fedha ili uongeze nguvu ya wakimbizi
08:24
and you'll help the local economy.
160
492880
1976
na utasaidia uchumi wa eneo husika.
08:26
And there's a fourth solution, too,
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Na kuna ufumbuzi wa nne, pia,
08:28
that's controversial
but needs to be talked about.
but needs to be talked about.
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unatatiza lakini unatakiwa kuongelewa.
08:31
The most vulnerable refugees
need to be given a new start
need to be given a new start
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Wale wakimbizi ambao wapo katika mazingira hatarishi wanatakiwa kupewa mwanzo mpya
08:35
and a new life in a new country,
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na maisha mapya katika nchi mpya,
08:38
including in the West.
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ukijumuisha na nchi za Magharibi.
08:40
The numbers are relatively small,
hundreds of thousands, not millions,
hundreds of thousands, not millions,
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Takwimu ni ndogo sana ukilinganisha, mamia ya maelfu, na sio mamilioni,
08:44
but the symbolism is huge.
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lakini ubaguzi ni mkubwa.
08:47
Now is not the time
to be banning refugees,
to be banning refugees,
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Sasa sio muda wa kukataa wakimbizi,
08:50
as the Trump administration proposes.
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kama vile utawala wa Trump unavyohimiza.
08:52
It's a time to be embracing people
who are victims of terror.
who are victims of terror.
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Ni muda wa kuwapa msaada wale ambao ni wahanga wa machafuko.
08:56
And remember --
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Na kumbuka --
08:57
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
09:04
Remember, anyone who asks you,
"Are they properly vetted?"
"Are they properly vetted?"
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Kumbuka, kila anayekuuliza, "Wamechunguzwa vyema?"
09:08
that's a really sensible
and good question to ask.
and good question to ask.
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hilo ni swali muhimu mno kuuliza.
09:12
The truth is, refugees
arriving for resettlement
arriving for resettlement
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Ukweli ni kwamba, wakimbizi wanaowasili kutokana na machafuko
09:16
are more vetted than any other population
arriving in our countries.
arriving in our countries.
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huchunguzwa kuliko wakimbizi wengine wote wanaoingia katika nchi.
09:20
So while it's reasonable
to ask the question,
to ask the question,
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Kwa hiyo pale ambapo ina maana kuuliza swali,
09:22
it's not reasonable to say that refugee
is another word for terrorist.
is another word for terrorist.
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si sahihi kusema kwamba mkimbizi ni neno lingine linalomaanisha gaidi.
09:27
Now, what happens --
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Sasa, kipi kinatokea --
09:28
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
09:31
What happens when refugees can't get work,
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Kipi kinatokea kama wakimbizi hawawezi kupata kazi,
09:34
they can't get their kids into school,
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hawawezi peleka watoto wao shuleni,
09:36
they can't get cash,
they can't get a legal route to hope?
they can't get a legal route to hope?
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hawawezi kupata fedha, hawawezi kupata njia halali ya matumaini?
09:39
What happens is they take risky journeys.
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Kinachotokea ni kwamba wanaamua kufanya njia hatarishi.
09:42
I went to Lesbos, this beautiful
Greek island, two years ago.
Greek island, two years ago.
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Nilikwenda Lesbos, kisiwa kizuri kilichopo Ugiriki, miaka miwili iliyopita.
09:47
It's a home to 90,000 people.
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Kina wakazi 90,000.
09:49
In one year, 500,000 refugees
went across the island.
went across the island.
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Katika mwaka mmoja, wakimbizi 500,000 walikwenda katika kisiwa hiki.
09:53
And I want to show you what I saw
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Na ninataka kuwaonyesha nilichoshuhudia
09:55
when I drove across
to the north of the island:
to the north of the island:
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Nilipokuwa nikiendesha kuelekea kaskazini ya kisiwa:
09:58
a pile of life jackets
of those who had made it to shore.
of those who had made it to shore.
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mrundikano wa makoti ya kuokoa maisha ya wale waliofankiwa kufika katika kile kisiwa.
10:02
And when I looked closer,
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Na nilipoangalia kwa ukaribu,
10:04
there were small
life jackets for children,
life jackets for children,
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kulikuwa na makoti madogo ya kuokoa maisha ya watoto,
10:06
yellow ones.
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ya rangi ya njano.
10:08
And I took this picture.
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Na nikachukua picha hii.
10:10
You probably can't see the writing,
but I want to read it for you.
but I want to read it for you.
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Huwezi kuona maandishi, lakini nataka nikusomee.
10:13
"Warning: will not
protect against drowning."
protect against drowning."
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"Ilani: haitakukinga na dhidi za kuzama."
10:17
So in the 21st century,
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Katika katika karne ya 21,
10:20
children are being given life jackets
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2256
watoto wanapewa makoti ya kuokoa maisha
10:22
to reach safety in Europe
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ili kufika salama Ulaya
10:24
even though those jackets
will not save their lives
will not save their lives
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hata kama yale makoti hayawezi kuokoa maisha yao
10:28
if they fall out of the boat
that is taking them there.
that is taking them there.
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kama wataanguka kutoka katika mtumbwi ambao unawavusha.
10:32
This is not just a crisis, it's a test.
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Hili sio janga, ni jaribio.
10:37
It's a test that civilizations
have faced down the ages.
have faced down the ages.
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Ni jaribio kwamba ustaarabu unaangalia chini.
10:41
It's a test of our humanity.
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Ni jaribio la ubinadamu wetu.
10:44
It's a test of us in the Western world
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2296
Ni jaribio la sisi tuliopo dunia ya Magharibi
10:46
of who we are and what we stand for.
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ya jinsi tulivyo na msimamo wetu.
10:51
It's a test of our character,
not just our policies.
not just our policies.
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Ni jaribio la tabia zetu, sio sera zetu.
10:54
And refugees are a hard case.
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Na wakimbizi ni kesi ngumu.
10:57
They do come from faraway
parts of the world.
parts of the world.
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645160
2320
Wanatokea mbali katika pande za dunia.
11:00
They have been through trauma.
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648160
1440
Wamepitia magumu.
11:02
They're often of a different religion.
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Wengi wao ni wa dini tofauti.
11:04
Those are precisely the reasons
we should be helping refugees,
we should be helping refugees,
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Hizi ni sababu sahihi ambazo zinatupasa kuwasaidia wakimbizi,
11:07
not a reason not to help them.
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1440
na sio sababu za kutowasaidia.
11:09
And it's a reason to help them
because of what it says about us.
because of what it says about us.
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Na ni sababu ya kuwasaidia kwa sababu ya vile inavyosema kuhusu sisi.
11:14
It's revealing of our values.
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Inaonyesha thamani yetu.
11:17
Empathy and altruism are two
of the foundations of civilization.
of the foundations of civilization.
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Uelewa na kujali ni misingi miwili ya ustaarabu.
11:23
Turn that empathy and altruism into action
217
671320
2416
Badili uelewa na kujali katika vitendo
11:25
and we live out a basic moral credo.
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673760
2240
na tutaishi katika mila ya kistaarabu.
11:28
And in the modern world,
we have no excuse.
we have no excuse.
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676960
2256
Na katika dunia ya sasa, hatuwezi toa sababu.
11:31
We can't say we don't know
what's happening in Juba, South Sudan,
what's happening in Juba, South Sudan,
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679240
4096
Hatuwezi sema hatufahamu kinachotokea Juba, Sudani Kusini
11:35
or Aleppo, Syria.
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683360
1576
au Aleppo, Syria.
11:36
It's there, in our smartphone
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Kipo hapa, katika simujanja zetu
11:39
in our hand.
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687880
1376
zilizopo mikononi mwetu.
11:41
Ignorance is no excuse at all.
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Ukosefu wa maarifa sio sababu kabisa.
11:43
Fail to help, and we show
we have no moral compass at all.
we have no moral compass at all.
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691880
4400
Kushindwa kusaidia, tutaonyesha hatuna dira ya ustaarabu kabisa.
11:49
It's also revealing about
whether we know our own history.
whether we know our own history.
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Na pia inaonyesha kuhusu pengine kama tunatambua historia yetu.
11:52
The reason that refugees
have rights around the world
have rights around the world
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Sababu ya kwamba wakimbizi wana haki duniani kote.
11:55
is because of extraordinary
Western leadership
Western leadership
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ni kwa sababu ya uongozi usio wa kawaida ya Magharibi
11:58
by statesmen and women
after the Second World War
after the Second World War
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706280
2336
wa viongozi wake kwa waume baada ya Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia
12:00
that became universal rights.
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708640
1960
ikaja kuwa haki ya wote.
12:03
Trash the protections of refugees,
and we trash our own history.
and we trash our own history.
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711640
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Ukitupa jalalani ulinzi wa wakimbizi, unatupa historia yetu pia.
12:08
This is --
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Hii ni --
12:09
(Applause)
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717640
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(Makofi)
12:11
This is also revealing
about the power of democracy
about the power of democracy
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719360
4016
Hii inadhihirisha nguvu ya demokrasia
12:15
as a refuge from dictatorship.
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723400
2256
kama kimbilio kutokana na udikteta.
12:17
How many politicians have you heard say,
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Ni wanasiasa wangapi umewahi kuwasikia wakisema,
12:20
"We believe in the power of our example,
not the example of our power."
not the example of our power."
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728760
4320
"Tunaamini katika nguvu ya mifano yetu, na sio mifano ya nguvu yetu."
12:25
What they mean is what we stand for
is more important than the bombs we drop.
is more important than the bombs we drop.
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733600
3680
Wanachomaanisha ndicho tunachoamini ni muhimu sana kuliko mabomu tunayodondosha.
12:30
Refugees seeking sanctuary
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738360
1800
Wakimbizi wanaotafuta utakatifu
12:32
have seen the West as a source
of hope and a place of haven.
of hope and a place of haven.
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3840
wameona Magharibi ndiyo chanzo cha matumaini na bandari salama.
12:38
Russians, Iranians,
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746720
1920
Warusi, Wairan,
12:41
Chinese, Eritreans, Cubans,
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2296
Wachina, Waeritrea, Wakyuba,
12:43
they've come to the West for safety.
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751800
2600
wamekuja magharibi kwa ajili ya usalama.
12:47
We throw that away at our peril.
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Hatujali ili kuepuka maafa.
12:50
And there's one other thing
it reveals about us:
it reveals about us:
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Na kuna kitu kimoja kingine kinachodhihirisha kuhusu sisi:
12:52
whether we have any humility
for our own mistakes.
for our own mistakes.
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2334
kama tuna unyenyekevu wowote kutokana na makosa yetu.
12:55
I'm not one of these people
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763320
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Mimi sio mmoja ya watu hawa
12:57
who believes that all the problems
in the world are caused by the West.
in the world are caused by the West.
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3336
ambae naamini kwamba matatizo yote ya dunia yanasababishwa na nchi za Magharibi.
13:00
They're not.
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Hapana.
13:01
But when we make mistakes,
we should recognize it.
we should recognize it.
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769800
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Lakini tunapofanya makosa, lazima tuyatambue.
13:04
It's not an accident
that the country which has taken
that the country which has taken
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772880
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Sio ajali kwamba nchi ambayo imechukua
13:07
more refugees than any other,
the United States,
the United States,
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775400
2256
wakimbizi wengi zaidi kuliko nchi nyingine, Marekani,
13:09
has taken more refugees from Vietnam
than any other country.
than any other country.
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777680
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imechukua wakimbizi wengi zaidi kutoka Vietnam kuliko nchi yoyote ile.
13:13
It speaks to the history.
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781960
1200
Inaongea katika historia.
13:16
But there's more recent history,
in Iraq and Afghanistan.
in Iraq and Afghanistan.
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784200
2680
Lakini kuna historia ya hivi karibuni, nchini Iraq na Afghanistan.
13:19
You can't make up
for foreign policy errors
for foreign policy errors
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3736
Huwezi rekebisha makosa ya siasa za nje
13:23
by humanitarian action,
257
791320
1576
kwa kutumia hatua za kibinadamu,
13:24
but when you break something,
you have a duty to try to help repair it,
you have a duty to try to help repair it,
258
792920
3896
lakini unapovunja kitu fulani, una jukumu la kusaidia katika kujaribu kukiunga tena,
13:28
and that's our duty now.
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2280
na ni jukumu letu sasa.
13:33
Do you remember
at the beginning of the talk,
at the beginning of the talk,
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2136
Unakumbuka mwanzo wa hii hotuba yangu,
13:35
I said I wanted to explain
that the refugee crisis
that the refugee crisis
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Nilisema nataka kueleza kwamba janga la wakimbizi
13:38
was manageable, not insoluble?
262
806200
1640
linaweza kusimamiwa, na sio lisiloshindikana?
13:41
That's true. I want you
to think in a new way,
to think in a new way,
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809040
2616
Ni ukweli, Nataka muwaze katika namna mpya,
13:43
but I also want you to do things.
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811680
2720
lakini pia nataka mfanye vitu.
13:47
If you're an employer,
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815680
2176
Kama wewe ni mwajiri,
13:49
hire refugees.
266
817880
1200
ajiri mkimbizi.
13:52
If you're persuaded by the arguments,
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820440
2816
Kama unapitishwa katika malumbano,
13:55
take on the myths
268
823280
1496
waza mambo ya nyuma
13:56
when family or friends
or workmates repeat them.
or workmates repeat them.
269
824800
2240
pale familia au marafiki au wafanyakazi wenzio wanaporudia.
14:00
If you've got money, give it to charities
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828440
2256
Kama una hela, toa kama msaada
14:02
that make a difference
for refugees around the world.
for refugees around the world.
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2776
inaleta utofauti kwa wakimbizi wote duniani.
14:05
If you're a citizen,
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833520
1200
Kama wewe ni mwananchi,
14:08
vote for politicians
273
836040
2336
mpigie kura mwanasiasa
14:10
who will put into practice
the solutions that I've talked about.
the solutions that I've talked about.
274
838400
3616
ambaye atafanyia kazi utatuzi wa haya niliyoongelea.
14:14
(Applause)
275
842040
4216
(Makofi)
14:18
The duty to strangers
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2176
Jukumu la asiyejulikana
14:20
shows itself
277
848480
1976
hujionyesha
14:22
in small ways and big,
278
850480
2536
katika njia ndogo na kubwa,
14:25
prosaic and heroic.
279
853040
1720
kawaida na kishujaa.
14:27
In 1942,
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855800
1400
Mwaka 1942,
14:30
my aunt and my grandmother
were living in Brussels
were living in Brussels
281
858600
2376
shangazi yangu na bibi yangu walikuwa wakiishi Brussels
14:33
under German occupation.
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861000
1280
chini ya utawala wa Ujerumani.
14:36
They received a summons
283
864000
1600
Walipokea wito
14:38
from the Nazi authorities
to go to Brussels Railway Station.
to go to Brussels Railway Station.
284
866360
3840
kutoka katika mamlaka ya Nazi, kwenda katika stesheni ya reli ya Brussels.
14:44
My grandmother immediately thought
something was amiss.
something was amiss.
285
872280
3080
Bibi yangu mara moja alitambua kwamba kuna kitu hakipo.
14:48
She pleaded with her relatives
286
876720
2496
Aliwasihi ndugu zake
14:51
not to go to Brussels Railway Station.
287
879240
2120
wasiende stesheni ya reli ya Brussels.
14:54
Her relatives said to her,
288
882240
1560
Ndugu zake walimwambia,
14:57
"If we don't go,
if we don't do what we're told,
if we don't do what we're told,
289
885440
2776
"Kama hatutakwenda, kama hatutafanya tulichoambiwa,
15:00
then we're going to be in trouble."
290
888240
1667
tutakuwa katika hatari kubwa."
15:02
You can guess what happened
291
890760
1936
Unaweza tabiri nini kilitokea
15:04
to the relatives who went
to Brussels Railway Station.
to Brussels Railway Station.
292
892720
2524
kwa wale ndugu waliokwenda stesheni ya reli ya Brussels.
15:08
They were never seen again.
293
896160
1286
Hawakuonekana tena.
15:10
But my grandmother and my aunt,
294
898160
1640
Lakini bibi yangu na shangazi yangu,
15:12
they went to a small village
295
900720
2536
walikwenda katika kijiji kidogo
15:15
south of Brussels
296
903280
1360
kusini mwa Brussels
15:17
where they'd been on holiday
in the decade before,
in the decade before,
297
905720
3536
ambapo walishawahi kwenda likizo muongo mmoja uliopita,
15:21
and they presented themselves
at the house of the local farmer,
at the house of the local farmer,
298
909280
3656
na walifikia katika nyumba ya mwanakijiji ambaye ni mkulima,
15:24
a Catholic farmer called Monsieur Maurice,
299
912960
2080
wa Kikatoliki aliyeitwa Monsieur Maurice,
15:27
and they asked him to take them in.
300
915840
2040
na waliomba kuishi pale.
15:30
And he did,
301
918880
1656
na aliwakubalia,
15:32
and by the end of the war,
302
920560
1720
na baada ya vita kuisha,
15:34
17 Jews, I was told,
were living in that village.
were living in that village.
303
922920
3600
Wayahudi 17, niliambiwa, walikuwa wakiishi katika kijiji kile.
15:40
And when I was teenager, I asked my aunt,
304
928360
1976
Na nilipokuwa kijana, nilimuuliza shangazi yangu,
15:42
"Can you take me to meet
Monsieur Maurice?"
Monsieur Maurice?"
305
930360
2040
"Unaweza nipeleka nikamuone Monsieur Maurice?"
15:45
And she said, "Yeah, I can.
He's still alive. Let's go and see him."
He's still alive. Let's go and see him."
306
933400
3216
Na alisema, "Ndiyo, ninaweza. Bado yupo hai. Twende ukamuone."
15:48
And so, it must have been '83, '84,
307
936640
1800
Hivyo, ilikuwa ni mwaka '83,'84
15:51
we went to see him.
308
939320
1376
tulikwenda kumuona.
15:52
And I suppose, like only a teenager could,
309
940720
2816
Na tuseme, kama kijana tu ningeweza,
15:55
when I met him,
310
943560
1256
pale nilipoonana nae,
15:56
he was this white-haired gentleman,
311
944840
3456
alikuwa ni mwanaume mstaarabu aliye na mvi,
16:00
I said to him,
312
948320
1200
Nikamwambia,
16:03
"Why did you do it?
313
951160
1200
"Kwanini ulifanya vile?
16:05
Why did you take that risk?"
314
953400
2760
Kwanini ulikubali kuingia katika hatari?"
16:09
And he looked at me and he shrugged,
315
957240
1736
Aliniangalia
16:11
and he said, in French,
316
959000
1520
na akasema, katika lugha ya Kifaransa,
16:13
"On doit."
317
961240
1336
"On doit."
16:14
"One must."
318
962600
1200
ikimaanisha "Yatupasa."
16:16
It was innate in him.
319
964280
2240
Ilikuwa ndani yake.
16:19
It was natural.
320
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Ni asili.
16:20
And my point to you is it should be
natural and innate in us, too.
natural and innate in us, too.
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Na hoja yangu kwenu inatakiwa halisi na asili ndani yetu, pia.
16:24
Tell yourself,
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Iambie nafsi yako,
16:27
this refugee crisis is manageable,
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hili janga la wakimbizi linaweza simamiwa,
16:29
not unsolvable,
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lina ufumbuzi,
16:31
and each one of us
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na kila mmoja wetu
16:33
has a personal responsibility
to help make it so.
to help make it so.
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ana jukumu binafsi la kuhakikisha jambo hili linafanikiwa.
16:37
Because this is about the rescue
of us and our values
of us and our values
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Kwa sababu hili jambo ni kuhusu wokozi wetu na thamani yetu
16:41
as well as the rescue
of refugees and their lives.
of refugees and their lives.
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vile vile na wokozi wa wakimbizi na maisha yao.
16:44
Thank you very much indeed.
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Asante sana.
16:45
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
16:57
Bruno Giussani: David, thank you.
David Miliband: Thank you.
David Miliband: Thank you.
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Bruno Giussani: David, asante. David Miliband: Asante.
17:00
BG: Those are strong suggestions
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BG: Haya ni mapendekezo yenye nguvu
17:01
and your call for individual
responsibility is very strong as well,
responsibility is very strong as well,
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na wito wako kwa kila mmoja ni wenye nguvu pia,
17:04
but I'm troubled
by one thought, and it's this:
by one thought, and it's this:
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lakini ninatatizwa na wazo moja, ni hili hapa:
17:07
you mentioned, and these are your words,
"extraordinary Western leadership"
"extraordinary Western leadership"
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umetaja, na haya ni maneno yako,"utawala usio wa kawaida wa Magharibi"
17:11
which led 60-something years ago
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ambao umeongoza kwa miaka 60 hivi iliyopita
17:12
to the whole discussion
about human rights,
about human rights,
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kuhusu majadiliano mazima kuhusu haki za binadamu,
17:15
to the conventions on refugees, etc. etc.
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hadi kwenye makongamano kuhusu wakimbizi, kadhalika na kadhalika.
17:19
That leadership
happened after a big trauma
happened after a big trauma
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Uongozi huu ulitokea baada ya mkanganyiko mkubwa
17:21
and happened in
a consensual political space,
a consensual political space,
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na ulitokea katika nafasi ya makubaliano ya kisiasa,
17:25
and now we are
in a divisive political space.
in a divisive political space.
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na sasa tupo mgawanyiko wa kisiasa.
17:27
Actually, refugees have become
one of the divisive issues.
one of the divisive issues.
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Kiuhalisia, wakimbizi wamekuwa moja ya jambo la mgawanyiko.
17:30
So where will leadership come from today?
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Kwa hiyo ni wapi uongozi utatokea leo hii?
17:33
DM: Well, I think that you're right to say
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DM: Ninadhani upo sahihi kusema
17:35
that the leadership forged in war
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uongozi uliozua vita
17:38
has a different temper
and a different tempo
and a different tempo
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una hasira tofauti na mwendo tofauti
17:41
and a different outlook
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na muonekano tofauti pia
17:42
than leadership forged in peace.
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kuliko uongozi uliozua amani.
17:45
And so my answer would be
the leadership has got to come from below,
the leadership has got to come from below,
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Na kwa hiyo jibu langu litakuwa kwamba uongozi unatakiwa kutokea chini,
17:49
not from above.
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na sio juu.
17:50
I mean, a recurring theme
of the conference this week
of the conference this week
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Ninamaanisha, maudhui yanayojirudia ya mkutano wiki hii
17:54
has been about
the democratization of power.
the democratization of power.
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yamekuwa kuhusu kuleta demokrasia katika nguvu.
17:58
And we've got to preserve
our own democracies,
our own democracies,
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Na tunatakiwa kulinda demokrasia yetu,
18:00
but we've got to also activate
our own democracies.
our own democracies.
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lakini pia tunatakiwa amsha demokrasia yetu wenyewe.
18:02
And when people say to me,
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Na pale watu wanaponiambia,
18:04
"There's a backlash against refugees,"
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"Kuna upinzani katika suala la wakimbizi,"
18:06
what I say to them is,
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ninachowaambia ni hiki,
18:07
"No, there's a polarization,
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"Hapana, kuna matabaka,
18:09
and at the moment,
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na kwa wakati huu,
18:11
those who are fearful
are making more noise
are making more noise
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wale ambao wanaogofya wanapiga kelele zaidi
18:13
than those who are proud."
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kuliko wale ambao wenye fahari."
18:14
And so my answer to your question
is that we will sponsor and encourage
is that we will sponsor and encourage
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Kwa hiyo jibu langu kuhusu swali lako ni kwamba tutadhamini na kuhamasisha
18:18
and give confidence to leadership
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na kutoa ujasiri katika uongozi
18:20
when we mobilize ourselves.
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pale tunapoungana.
18:22
And I think that when you are
in a position of looking for leadership,
in a position of looking for leadership,
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Na ninadhani pale pale ambapo unakuwa katika nafasi ya kutafuta uongozi,
18:25
you have to look inside
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unatakiwa kuangalia ndani
18:26
and mobilize in your own community
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na kuunganisha jamii yako
18:28
to try to create conditions
for a different kind of settlement.
for a different kind of settlement.
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kujaribu kutengeneza mazingira ya tofauti kwa makazi.
18:31
BG: Thank you, David.
Thanks for coming to TED.
Thanks for coming to TED.
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BG: Asante, David. Asante kwa kuja TED.
18:34
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Miliband - Refugee advocateAs president of the International Rescue Committee, David Miliband enlists his expert statesmanship in the fight against the greatest global refugee crisis since World War II.
Why you should listen
As the son of refugees, David Miliband has first-hand experience with those fleeing conflict and disaster. In 2013, he abandoned a long political career to take the helm of the International Rescue Committee, an NGO committed to emergency and long-term assistance to refugees (and founded at the call of Albert Einstein in 1933).
As a former UK Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Miliband is no stranger to cross-border politics. He is a leading voice against recent anti-refugee and immigration measures in the US, where the IRC currently runs resettlement programs in 29 cities.
David Miliband | Speaker | TED.com