ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.

Why you should listen

Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."

A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.

More profile about the speaker
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com
TED2006

Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?

Ken Robinson maktablar ijodkorlikni qirib tashlashi haqida

Filmed:
64,284,825 views

Jabon Ken Robinson Ijodkorlikni yo'qotadigan emas, balki uni rivojlantiradigan ta'lim sohasi haqida juda qiziqarli va chuqur ma'noli ma'ruza qiladi.
- Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:24
Good morning. How are you?
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Xatrli tong. Qandaysizlar? Bu juda ham ajoyib, shunday emasmi?
00:28
(Laughter)
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00:29
It's been great, hasn't it?
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Buning hammasi meni hayratga soldi.
00:32
I've been blown away by the whole thing.
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00:34
In fact, I'm leaving.
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Aslida, men hozir ketayapman ( Kulgi)
00:36
(Laughter)
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Bu Konferenciyada uchta mavzu bo'ldi, sunday emasmi?
00:42
There have been three themes
running through the conference
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men gapiradigan
00:45
which are relevant
to what I want to talk about.
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mavzuga oid demoqchimanda.
00:47
One is the extraordinary
evidence of human creativity
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Ularning biri inson ijodkorligining g'aroyibligi
00:52
in all of the presentations that we've had
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buni berilgan taqdimot va ma'ruzalrning hammasida
00:54
and in all of the people here.
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va bu yerda yig'ilgan odamlarda ko'rish mumkin. Shunchaki
00:56
Just the variety of it
and the range of it.
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buning xilma hilligini qarang. Ikkinchisi esa
01:00
The second is
that it's put us in a place
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Bizni shunday joyga joylashtirishki, biz nima bo'lishini bilmaymiz
01:02
where we have no idea
what's going to happen,
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01:04
in terms of the future.
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albatta, kelasi zamonda. Umuman
01:06
No idea how this may play out.
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bu qanday sodir bo'lishini bilmaymiz.
01:09
I have an interest in education.
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Men ta'lim sohasiga qiziqaman-
01:10
Actually, what I find is everybody
has an interest in education.
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aslida, men shunga amin bo'ldimki, hamma ham ta'lim sohasiga qiziqadi.
Siz qiziqmaysizmi? Men buni juda qiziqrli deb o'ylayman.
01:15
Don't you?
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01:16
I find this very interesting.
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Agar siz kechki oqshomda bo'lsangiz, va agar siz
01:17
If you're at a dinner party,
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01:19
and you say you work in education --
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ta'lim sohasida ishlashingizni aytsangiz-
01:21
Actually, you're not often
at dinner parties, frankly.
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aslida, siz bunday kechki oqshomlarga, o'tirishlarga ko'p bormaysiz, tog'risini aytganda, agar siz ta'lim sohasida ishlasangiz
01:24
(Laughter)
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01:28
If you work in education,
you're not asked.
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( Kulgi) Sizni taklif qilishmaydi.
01:31
(Laughter)
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Va sizni hech qachon yana chaqirishmaydi. Bu mn uchun juda g'alatidir.
01:34
And you're never asked back, curiously.
That's strange to me.
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01:38
But if you are, and you say to somebody,
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Lekin, aytaylik siz bordingiz va siz kimgadir aytdingiz
bilasizmi, ular " Siz nima qilasiz?" deb so'raydi
01:40
you know, they say, "What do you do?"
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va siz ta'lim sohasida ishlashingizni aytasiz,
01:42
and you say you work in education,
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01:44
you can see the blood run from their face.
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va qarabsizki, ularni yuzlaidan qon qochib ketadi.
01:46
They're like, "Oh my God,"
you know, "Why me?"
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Ular huddi " O, xudoyim!" " Nima uchun men? Haftada o'zi bir tun aylanishga chiqsam( uchratgan odamimni qara!) ( Kulgi)
01:48
(Laughter)
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01:50
"My one night out all week."
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01:51
(Laughter)
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Lekin, agar siz ularni ta'limi haqida so'rasangiz,
01:54
But if you ask about their education,
they pin you to the wall.
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sizni qamrab oladilar. Chunki bu shunday narsalarning biriki,
01:57
Because it's one of those things
that goes deep with people, am I right?
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u odamlarga juda chuqur tegadi, to'g'rimi?
Xuddi din kabi, pul va boshqa narsalar kabi.
02:01
Like religion, and money and other things.
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Men ta'lim sohasiga juda ham qiziqaman, va biz hammamiz ham qiziqamiz deb o'ylayman.
02:04
So I have a big interest in education,
and I think we all do.
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Biz bunga qiziqmaiz,
02:08
We have a huge vested interest in it,
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va sababning bir qismi shundaki
02:10
partly because it's education
that's meant to take us into this future
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u biz tushunolmagan kelajakka yetaklaydi.
02:14
that we can't grasp.
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02:15
If you think of it,
children starting school this year
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O'ylab ko'ring, bu yil maktabga borayotgan bolalar
2065 yili nafaqaga chiqishadi. Hech kim bilmaydi
02:19
will be retiring in 2065.
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02:24
Nobody has a clue,
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shuncha mutaxasislarning 4 kun davomida
02:25
despite all the expertise that's been
on parade for the past four days,
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dunyo qanday bo'lishinini aytishlariga qaramay
02:29
what the world will look like
in five years' time.
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keyin 5 yil ichida deymanda. Va halonki biz
02:32
And yet we're meant
to be educating them for it.
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unign uchun ta'lim olishimiz kerak. Shunday bashorat qilib bo'lmayslk, menimcha
02:34
So the unpredictability,
I think, is extraordinary.
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juda g'aroyibdir.
02:36
And the third part of this
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Va uchinchi qismi shundaki
02:38
is that we've all agreed, nonetheless,
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biz hammamiz shunga kelishamiz-
02:40
on the really extraordinary
capacities that children have --
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bolalarning g'aroyib qobiliyati
02:45
their capacities for innovation.
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ularning yanglianishga intilishi. Yani, o'tgan kecha Sirena juda ajoyib edi,
02:48
I mean, Sirena last night
was a marvel, wasn't she?
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shunday emasmi? Shunchaki uning nimalar qila olishini ko'rish!
02:50
Just seeing what she could do.
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Va u juda o'zgacha, lekin u unday deb o'ylamaydi. Bu degani
02:52
And she's exceptional, but I think
she's not, so to speak,
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02:57
exceptional in the whole of childhood.
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o'zgachalik bu bolalikning asl o'zidir.
Bu inson, g'aroyib berilish natijasi
03:00
What you have there is a person
of extraordinary dedication
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va u o'z iste'dodini topa olgan. Mening fikrimcha,
03:03
who found a talent.
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hamma bolalarda juda katta iste'dod bor.
03:05
And my contention is,
all kids have tremendous talents.
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va biz buni sovuqqonlik bilan nazarga ilmaymiz, yo'qotamiz.
03:07
And we squander them, pretty ruthlessly.
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Va shunday qilib men ta'lim sohasi va
03:09
So I want to talk about education
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03:12
and I want to talk about creativity.
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ijodkorlik haqida gapiraman.Men juda diqqatga olmoqchimanki,
03:13
My contention is that creativity now
is as important in education as literacy,
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Ta'lim sohasida, ijodkorlik hozirda huddi savodxonlik kabi muhim hisoblanadi
va biz ularnign ikkalasini birdek diqqatga olishimiz kerak
03:19
and we should treat it
with the same status.
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( Qarsaklar) Rahmat. Bu hammasi edi aytgancha.
03:22
(Applause) Thank you.
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03:24
(Applause)
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03:29
That was it, by the way.
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Katta rahmat ( Kulgi). Xo'sh, yana 15 daqiqa qoldi.
03:30
Thank you very much.
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03:31
(Laughter)
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03:33
So, 15 minutes left.
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Xo'sh... men tu'gilgan ... yo'q. ( Kulgi)
03:35
(Laughter)
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03:38
Well, I was born... no.
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03:40
(Laughter)
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Men yaqinda juda ajoyib bir voqea eshittim- va men uni hikoya qilishni juday yaxshi ko'raman-
03:43
I heard a great story recently
-- I love telling it --
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bu bir kichkina qizaloqning rasm darsi haqida. u 6 yoshda
03:46
of a little girl
who was in a drawing lesson.
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va u orqada o'tirib rasm chizayotgan edi
03:49
She was six, and she was
at the back, drawing,
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va o'qituvchining gapiga qaraganda, bu qizaloq zo'rg'a
03:51
and the teacher said this girl
hardly ever paid attention,
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diqqat qilar edi, va xuddi shu rasm darsida u e'tibor berdi.
03:54
and in this drawing lesson, she did.
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03:55
The teacher was fascinated.
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O'qituvchi juda ajablanib uning oldiga boradi
03:57
She went over to her,
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
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va " Sen nima chizayapsan?' deb so'taydi
04:00
And the girl said, "I'm
drawing a picture of God."
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va qiz " Xudning rasmini" deb javob beradi
04:03
And the teacher said, "But nobody
knows what God looks like."
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o'qituvchi esa: " Lekin, hech kim Xudoning qanday ekanligini ko'rmagan"
04:06
And the girl said,
"They will, in a minute."
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va qizaloq: " Bilishadi, bir daqiqa ichida" deb javob beradi.
04:09
(Laughter)
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( Kulgi)
Mening og'lim 4 yosh paytida, Angliyada-
04:20
When my son was four in England --
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aslida u hamma joyda 4 yoshda edi, to'g'risini aytganda ( kulgi)
04:23
Actually, he was four
everywhere, to be honest.
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agar buni qattiq ushlasak, qayerga bormasin, o'sha yili u 4 yoshda edi
04:25
(Laughter)
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04:27
If we're being strict about it,
wherever he went, he was four that year.
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U " Nativity" P'essasida edi
04:30
He was in the Nativity play.
Do you remember the story?
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Bu hikoyani eslaysizmi? Bu juda muhim hikoya
04:33
(Laughter)
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04:34
No, it was big, it was a big story.
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hatta Mel Gibson ham buning keyin o'z ijodiga oldi
04:36
Mel Gibson did the sequel,
you may have seen it.
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siz ko'rgandirsiz " Nativity II". Lekin James, Josefning rolini o'ynadi
04:38
(Laughter)
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04:40
"Nativity II."
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04:41
But James got the part of Joseph,
which we were thrilled about.
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biz juda ham hayratda edik.
04:45
We considered this to be
one of the lead parts.
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Biz buni eng bosh rollardan biri deb o'yladik.
U joyda biz agentlarimiga futbolkalar kiydirganmiz
04:48
We had the place crammed
full of agents in T-shirts:
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" James Robinson Josef rolida!" deb ( Kulgi)
04:50
"James Robinson IS Joseph!" (Laughter)
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04:53
He didn't have to speak,
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Uning aytadigan so'zi ham yo'q edi. Lekin bilsangiz
04:54
but you know the bit
where the three kings come in?
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3 ta podsho kirib kelgan paytida. Ular sovg'alarni taklif qiladilar
04:57
They come in bearing gifts,
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
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va ular oltin, kauchuk va mushk
04:59
This really happened.
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Bu rostdan ham sodir bo'lgan. Biz shu yerda o'tirgan edik
05:00
We were sitting there and I think
they just went out of sequence,
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va ular yozilgan tsenariydan tashqariga chiqib ketdilar,
chunki biz keyin bola bilan gaplashdik va biz
05:04
because we talked to the little boy
afterward and we said,
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" Senga shu maqulmi? " va u " Ha, nima bo'libdi?" dedi.
05:06
"You OK with that?" And he said,
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
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Ular rollarini almashtirib olishgan edi.
05:09
They just switched.
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Xullas, 3 ta bola kelib
05:10
The three boys came in,
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4 yoshli bolalar, boshlarida choy sochiq bilan-
05:12
four-year-olds with tea towels
on their heads,
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va ular korobkalarini yerga qo'yishdi,
05:14
and they put these boxes down,
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05:15
and the first boy said,
"I bring you gold."
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va birinchi bola : " Men oltin olib keldim" dedi
05:17
And the second boy said,
"I bring you myrrh."
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" Ikkinchisi " Men senga mushki anbar olib keldim"
05:20
And the third boy said, "Frank sent this."
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va uchinchi bola " Frank denga buni yubordi" dedi ( Kulgi) ( Kauchuk ingliz tilida Frankincense- Frank jo'natdi bo'lib eshitiladi)
05:22
(Laughter)
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05:34
What these things have in common
is that kids will take a chance.
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Bu bolalarning o'xshahs tomoni ular tavakkal qila oladilar.
Agar nima qilishni bilmasa, tavakkal qilib urinib ko'radilar.
05:37
If they don't know, they'll have a go.
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To'g'rimi? Ular xato qilishdan qo'rmaydilar.
05:40
Am I right? They're not
frightened of being wrong.
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Lekin men xato qilish ijodkorlik bilan bir hil deb aytmayapman.
05:44
I don't mean to say that being wrong
is the same thing as being creative.
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Biz shuni bilamizki,
05:48
What we do know is,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
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agar xato qilishga tayyor bo'lmasang,
05:52
you'll never come up
with anything original --
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sen hech qachon betakror narsalarni qilolmaysan
05:54
if you're not prepared to be wrong.
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Agar siz xato qilishga tayyor bo'lmasangiz, va katta odam bo'ladigan vaqtga kelib
05:56
And by the time they get to be adults,
most kids have lost that capacity.
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ko'p bolalar qobiliyatini yo'qotadilar.
Ular xato qilishdan qo'rqadilar.
06:01
They have become
frightened of being wrong.
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Va biz kompaniyalarimizni xuddi shu ravishda boshqaramiz, aytgancha.
06:03
And we run our companies like this.
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Biz xatolarni ayblaymiz. Va hozir biz
06:05
We stigmatize mistakes.
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06:07
And we're now running
national education systems
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Milliy ta'lim sohasini shunday olib borayapmizki,
06:09
where mistakes are the worst
thing you can make.
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xatolar eng yomon narsaday go'yo.
06:12
And the result is that
we are educating people
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Va buning natijasida, biz odamlarning ularning ijodkorlik qobiliyatidan chetga surayapmiz
06:15
out of their creative capacities.
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Pikasso bir paytlar aytgandi
06:18
Picasso once said this, he said
that all children are born artists.
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Bolalar tug'ma ijodkorlar.
06:22
The problem is to remain an artist
as we grow up.
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Muammo shundaki, katta bo'lgan sari shu ijodkorlikni saqlab qolish. Men bunga chindan ishonaman
06:25
I believe this passionately,
that we don't grow into creativity,
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biz ijodkorlikka kirib kelmaymiz
balki undan chiqib ketamiz. Yoki biz uni ta'lim bilan almashtiramiz.
06:29
we grow out of it.
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06:30
Or rather, we get educated out if it.
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Nima uchun?
06:33
So why is this?
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5 yil avval men Stratford- Avonda yashadim.
06:34
I lived in Stratford-on-Avon
until about five years ago.
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aslida biz Strafortdan Los Anjelesga ko'chib o'tdik.
06:38
In fact, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
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Siz buning qanday katta o'zgarish ekanligini tushunasiz deb o'ylayman.
06:41
So you can imagine
what a seamless transition that was.
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( Kulgi) Aslida,
06:44
(Laughter)
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06:46
Actually, we lived in a place
called Snitterfield,
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biz Snitterfild degan joyda yashadik,
Stratfordning tahsqarisidagi, bu joyda
06:48
just outside Stratford,
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06:49
which is where
Shakespeare's father was born.
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Sekspirning otasi tug'ilgan. Bu yangi fikr sizni ajablantirdimi? Men ajablandim.
06:52
Are you struck by a new thought? I was.
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06:54
You don't think of Shakespeare
having a father, do you?
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Siz hech ham Shekspirning otasi bo'lganligi haqida o'ylab ko'rganmisiz?
rostdana? chunki siz
06:57
Do you? Because you don't think
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
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Shekspirning bola bo'lganligini tasavvur qila olmaysiz, shundaymi?
07:01
Shakespeare being seven?
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yetti yoshli Shekspir? Men bu haqida hech o'ylamagandim.
07:02
I never thought of it.
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07:03
I mean, he was seven at some point.
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Yani u qaysidir paytda 7 yoshda edi.
07:05
He was in somebody's
English class, wasn't he?
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U kimningdir Ingliz tili darsida bo'lgan, shundaymasmi? Qanday jonga tegarlik bo'lgan bo'lsa kerak?!
07:07
(Laughter)
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07:14
How annoying would that be?
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( Kulgi) " Yaxshilab tayyorlan" Otasi uni uyquga elitib,
07:16
(Laughter)
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07:23
"Must try harder."
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07:24
(Laughter)
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07:28
Being sent to bed by his dad, you know,
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
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Shekspirni ya'ni, " Bor uxla endi"
va Villiam Shekspirga " qalamingni joyiga qo'y bo'ldi
07:32
And put the pencil down."
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va bunday gapirishni to'xtat. Bu hammani chalg'itayapti" desa
07:34
(Laughter)
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07:35
"And stop speaking like that."
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07:37
(Laughter)
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07:41
"It's confusing everybody."
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( Kulgi)
07:42
(Laughter)
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Xullas, biz Stratforddan Los Anjelesga ko'chdik,
07:47
Anyway, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
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aslida, yangi joyga ko'nikish haqida
07:53
and I just want to say a word
about the transition.
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Mening o'g'lim kelishni hohlamadi.
07:55
My son didn't want to come.
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07:57
I've got two kids;
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
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Mening ikkita bolam bor. U hozir 21 da, qizim 16 da.
08:00
He didn't want to come to Los Angeles.
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U Los Anjelesga kelishni hohlamadi. Unga bu yer yoqdi,
lekin Angliyada unign yaxhshi ko'rgan qizi bor edi. Bu uning umrining sevgisi Sara edi.
08:02
He loved it, but he had
a girlfriend in England.
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08:05
This was the love of his life, Sarah.
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U uni atigi bir oy davomida tanirdi.
08:08
He'd known her for a month.
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Ular 4- yillikni nishonlashgandi.
08:10
(Laughter)
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08:11
Mind you, they'd had
their fourth anniversary,
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chunki bu 16 yoshdan beri ancha vaqt o'tgan edi-da!
08:13
because it's a long time when you're 16.
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Xullas, u samolyotda juda xafa edi,
08:16
He was really upset on the plane,
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va u shunday dedi " Men Sara kabi qizni boshqa yerdan topa olmayman"
08:18
he said, "I'll never find
another girl like Sarah."
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to'grisni aytganda, biz bundan hursand edik.
08:20
And we were rather pleased
about that, frankly --
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chunki, bu davlatdan ketishimiznign asl sababi shu qiz edi.
08:23
(Laughter)
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08:31
Because she was the main reason
we were leaving the country.
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( Kulgi)
08:34
(Laughter)
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Lekin Ameikaga ko'cib kelishda bir narsa bor
va dunyo bo'ylab sayohat qilganda ham:
08:40
But something strikes you
when you move to America
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Har bi ta'lim sohasi butun Yer sayyorasi bo'yicha bir hil fanlarning tizmasidan iborat.
08:42
and travel around the world:
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08:43
Every education system on Earth
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
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Har bittasi. Qayerga borishdan qat'iy nazar.
08:47
Every one. Doesn't matter where you go.
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Siz buni boshqaa bo'ladi deb o'ylarsiz, lekin unday emas.
08:49
You'd think it would be
otherwise, but it isn't.
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hammasini boshida Matematika va tillar
08:51
At the top are mathematics and languages,
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undan keyin gumanitar fanlar, and past qismida esa san'at joy olgan.
08:53
then the humanities,
and at the bottom are the arts.
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Yernign hamma joyida.
08:56
Everywhere on Earth.
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Va har bir tizmaning o'zida
08:57
And in pretty much every system too,
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
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san'at tizmasining ichida
09:01
Art and music are normally
given a higher status in schools
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Rassmolik va musiqa odatda yuqori e'tibor beriladi , maktablarda
masalan aktyorlik va raqqosalikka qaraganda. Bu sayyordan shunday
09:04
than drama and dance.
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09:05
There isn't an education
system on the planet
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ta'lim sohasi yo'qki, har kuni bolalalrga raqs tushishni o'rgatadigan
09:07
that teaches dance everyday to children
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masaln xuddi matematikani o'rgatganday. Nima uchun?
09:09
the way we teach them mathematics. Why?
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Nega shundya emas? Men buni juda muhim deb o'ylayman.
09:12
Why not? I think this is rather important.
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Men metamatika kerak deb o'ylayman, lekin raqsa ham kerak.
09:15
I think math is very
important, but so is dance.
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Bolalar ruhsta bersangiz har doim raqs tushadilar, bizlar ham.
09:17
Children dance all the time
if they're allowed to, we all do.
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Bizning hammamizda tana bor, to'g'rimi? Men nimandir tushumadimmi yoki?
09:20
We all have bodies, don't we?
Did I miss a meeting?
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09:23
(Laughter)
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( Kulgi) To'grisida,
09:26
Truthfully, what happens is,
as children grow up,
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bolalar katta bo'ladi, biz ularga ta'lim bera boshlaymiz
09:28
we start to educate them progressively
from the waist up.
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belda tepaga qarab. keyin ularning boshiga e'tibornig qaratamiz.
09:31
And then we focus on their heads.
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va keyib uning bir tomoniga qarab ketamiz.
09:33
And slightly to one side.
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Agar siz ta'lim sohasini huddi o'zga sayyoralik kabi kuzatadigan bo'lsangiz
09:35
If you were to visit
education, as an alien,
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09:38
and say "What's it for, public education?"
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" Umum ta'lim nega kerak?" degan bo'lardingiz.
09:41
I think you'd have to conclude,
if you look at the output,
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Menimncha siz xulosa qilishingiz kerak- agar natijaga qarsangiz
kim bundan foyda ko'rayapti
09:43
who really succeeds by this,
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Kim hamma narsani aytgandek bajaradi
09:45
who does everything that they should,
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09:47
who gets all the brownie
points, who are the winners --
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kim yutuqga erishadi,
09:49
I think you'd have to conclude
the whole purpose of public education
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- menimncha, siz shunday xulosa qilshingiz kerak bo'lardi- umumta'limning maqsadi
butun dunyo bo'ylab
09:53
throughout the world
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oliygoh professorlarini yetishtirish. To'g'rimi?
09:54
is to produce university professors.
209
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09:56
Isn't it?
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09:57
They're the people who come out the top.
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Bu odamlar eng yuqoriga keladi
09:59
And I used to be one, so there.
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Men ham shulardan biri edim ( Kulgi)
10:01
(Laughter)
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Menga universistet professorali yo'qadi, lekin bilsangiz
10:04
And I like university
professors, but you know,
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10:07
we shouldn't hold them up
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biz ularning inson yutug'ining eng oliy navi dbe ko'rsatmasligimiz kerak.
10:09
as the high-water mark
of all human achievement.
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10:12
They're just a form of life,
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Ular faqat hayotning bir turidir halos.
10:14
another form of life.
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boshqa turi, Ular juda qiziquvchan,
10:15
But they're rather curious, and I say this
out of affection for them.
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men buni ularnin yaxhsi ko'rganimdan aytaman.
Mening tajribamga asoslanib aytamanki, professorlarda bir qiziq narsa bor
10:18
There's something curious
about professors in my experience --
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ularning hammasi emas, lekin odatda- ular boshlarining ichida yashaydilar.
10:21
not all of them, but typically,
they live in their heads.
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Ular u yerda, bir tomonida yashaydilar.
10:24
They live up there,
and slightly to one side.
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Huddi tanasi yo'qdek. ba bilsasizmi, rostdan ham shunday.
10:27
They're disembodied, you know,
in a kind of literal way.
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Ular tanalariga faqat
10:30
They look upon their body as a form
of transport for their heads.
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boshlarini ko'tarib yuruvchi tranposrt vositasi sifatida qaraydilar. to'g'rimi?
10:34
(Laughter)
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10:40
Don't they?
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( Kulgi). Bu ularning boshlarini majlislarga olib borish uchun kerak.
10:41
It's a way of getting
their head to meetings.
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10:43
(Laughter)
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Agar siz haqiqiy tana- tasharisidagi tajribani bilishni hohlasangiz,
10:49
If you want real evidence
of out-of-body experiences,
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aytgancha, keksa akameiklarning
10:52
get yourself along to a residential
conference of senior academics,
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konferentsiyasiga boring.
va so'ngi oqshom diskotekasiga boring,
10:56
and pop into the discotheque
on the final night.
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10:58
(Laughter)
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( Kulgi) Va u yerda siz ayol va erkaklarning ko'rasiz
11:01
And there, you will see it.
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11:02
Grown men and women
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
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musiqaga chiyolmay
11:07
(Laughter)
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tugashining kutadilar, va tezroq uyga boring bu haqida maqola yozsam deydilar
11:09
Waiting until it ends so they can
go home and write a paper about it.
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Bizning ta'lim sohamiz, akademic qobiliyatni bashorat qiladi.
11:13
(Laughter)
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11:15
Our education system is predicated
on the idea of academic ability.
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Va bunga sabab bor
11:19
And there's a reason.
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Butun jahon bo'ylab-
11:20
Around the world, there were
no public systems of education,
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umum ta'lim yo'q edi, 19 asrdan oldin.
11:23
really, before the 19th century.
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Bularning hammasi industrialimning keragini qondirish
11:26
They all came into being
to meet the needs of industrialism.
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uchun topilgan
Va Ierarhiya tizimi 2 ta fikr asosida qurilgan.
11:29
So the hierarchy is rooted on two ideas.
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Birinchisi, ish uchun eng kerakli fanlar
11:31
Number one, that the most useful
subjects for work are at the top.
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eng yuqorida.Shu tufayli
11:36
So you were
probably steered benignly away
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maktabda, bola paytingizda, siz yoqtirgan fanlardan
11:38
from things at school when you
were a kid, things you liked,
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chetlangansiz,
chunki u bilan ish topib bo'lmasdi, to'g'rimi?
11:41
on the grounds that you would
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
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Musiqa bilan shug'ullanma, baribir musiqachi bo'lmaysan,
11:44
Don't do music, you're not
going to be a musician;
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rasm chizma, rassom bo'lmaysan.
11:46
don't do art, you won't be an artist.
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11:48
Benign advice -- now, profoundly mistaken.
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Eng yomon maslahat, katta xato!. Butun dunyo
11:52
The whole world
is engulfed in a revolution.
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huddi inqilob yoqasida turganday.
Ikkinchisi, akademik qobiliyat, hamma narsadan ustun qo'yilgan
11:54
And the second is academic ability,
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11:56
which has really come to dominate
our view of intelligence,
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bizning aql o'lchovimzday go'yo.
Chunki universistetlar shunda go'ya asosida qurilgan.
11:59
because the universities designed
the system in their image.
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Agar butun tizimga qarasangiz
12:02
If you think of it, the whole system
of public education around the world
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umum ta'lim sohasining maqsadi
universitetga kirishga tayyorlashdir.
12:05
is a protracted process
of university entrance.
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Buning natijasida, ko'pgina iste'dodlar
12:08
And the consequence
is that many highly-talented,
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ajoyib , va ijodkor insonlar o'zlarining iste'dodini taniy olmaydi
12:10
brilliant, creative
people think they're not,
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chunki ular maktabda yaxhsi bo'lgan narsalari
12:12
because the thing
they were good at at school
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yetarlicha baho berilmagan, va chetga surilgan.
12:15
wasn't valued,
or was actually stigmatized.
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12:17
And I think we can't afford
to go on that way.
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Va menimcha, biz bundya qilmasligimiz kerak.
12:19
In the next 30 years, according to UNESCO,
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Kelasi 30 yil ichida, YUNESKOga binoan,
dunyo bo'ylab ko'p odamlar oqishni bitiradi
12:22
more people worldwide will be graduating
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ya'ni butun tarixni hisobga olgandagidan ham ko'p
12:25
through education
than since the beginning of history.
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Ko'proq odamlar,
12:27
More people, and it's the combination
of all the things we've talked about --
265
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biz aytib o'tgan narsalarning hammasini qo'shganda
- texnologiya, ish uchun oqish va aholi hisboti
12:31
technology and its transformation
effect on work, and demography
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va aholining katta miqdora o'sishi
12:34
and the huge explosion in population.
267
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Birdaniga, dimplomning qadri tushib ketadi, to'grimi?
12:36
Suddenly, degrees aren't worth anything.
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Men yosh talaba paytimda, dimploming bo;lsa ishing bo'lardi
12:39
Isn't that true?
269
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12:40
When I was a student,
if you had a degree, you had a job.
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ishing bo'lmasam, demak den buni hohlamagansan
12:43
If you didn't have a job,
it's because you didn't want one.
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va men rostdan hohlamagndim. ( Kulgi)
12:46
And I didn't want one, frankly. (Laughter)
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12:49
But now kids with degrees
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Lekin bugungi kunda, dimplomi borlar ko'pincha
12:53
are often heading home
to carry on playing video games,
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3045
uyiga qaytib borib video o'yinlar o'ynaydi
chunki ilgari ish uchun bakalavr kerak bo'lgan bo;lsa endi magistr diplomi kerak
12:56
because you need an MA where
the previous job required a BA,
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va magistr o'rniga endi Doktorantura kerak
12:59
and now you need a PhD for the other.
276
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bu akadmik inflyatsiyadir.
13:01
It's a process of academic inflation.
277
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13:03
And it indicates the whole
structure of education
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Va bu shuni ko'rsatadiki, butun ta'lim tizimi
oyoq ostimizda o'zgaraypti. Bi qayta o'ylab chiqishimiz kerak
13:05
is shifting beneath our feet.
279
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13:06
We need to radically rethink
our view of intelligence.
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aqli qanday o'lchashimiz, tassavur qilishimiz haqida
Aqllilik haqida 3 ta narsani bilamiz
13:09
We know three things about intelligence.
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birinchisi, u hilma hil. Biz dunyoni
13:11
One, it's diverse.
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1227
13:12
We think about the world in all the ways
that we experience it.
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tajribamizga asosan o'ylaymiz. Biz ko'z bilab o'ylaymiz
tovushda, harakatda taniymiz dunyoni
13:15
We think visually, we think in sound,
we think kinesthetically.
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Biz mavhum narsalar haqida o'ylaymiz, biz harakatda o'ylaymiz
13:18
We think in abstract terms,
we think in movement.
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2301
ikkinchisi, aql doim harakatda
13:21
Secondly, intelligence is dynamic.
286
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odam miyasining o'zaro munosabati haqida o'yalsangiz,
13:23
If you look at the interactions
of a human brain,
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13:26
as we heard yesterday
from a number of presentations,
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kechasi ma'ruzalardan eshitgnimzidik
13:29
intelligence is wonderfully interactive.
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1976
aql o'zaro munosabatda
13:31
The brain isn't divided into compartments.
290
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Miya qismlarga bo'linmagan
13:33
In fact, creativity --
which I define as the process
291
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3103
aslida, ijodkorlik- bu jaroyon deb o'ylayman
13:37
of having original ideas
that have value --
292
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bu o'zgacha fikrlash jarayoni
qaysiki, narsalarni har qil yo'llar orqali
13:39
more often than not comes about
through the interaction
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2652
ko'rish munosabatidna kelib chiqadi.
13:42
of different disciplinary
ways of seeing things.
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3000
Miya, aynan- aytgancha, miyaning
13:46
By the way, there's a shaft of nerves
that joins the two halves of the brain
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3666
ikki tomonini qo'shuvchi nervlar bor
13:50
called the corpus callosum.
296
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bu " Collosum" tanasi deb nomlangan. Ayolalrda qalinroq bo'ladi.
13:51
It's thicker in women.
297
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Kechagi Helenni davom ettirsak, menimcha
13:53
Following off from Helen yesterday,
298
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1741
ayollar bir necha vazifani bir paytda bajara olishi shunga bog'liq
13:54
this is probably why women
are better at multi-tasking.
299
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3123
13:58
Because you are, aren't you?
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chuni siz shundaysiz, tog'rimi?
13:59
There's a raft of research,
but I know it from my personal life.
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3207
Juda ko'p ilmiy ishlar buni tasqidlaydi, lekin men o'z tajribamdan bilaman
Agar mening xotinim uyda ovqat qilsa
14:03
If my wife is cooking a meal at home --
which is not often, thankfully.
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yaxshiyamki, bu tez tez sodir bo'lmaydi, Xudoga shukr( Kulgi)
14:09
(Laughter)
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Lekin, bilasizmi, u ovqat qiladi, lekin boshqa narsalarni yaxshiroq bajaradi-
14:11
No, she's good at some things,
but if she's cooking,
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2498
lekin, ovqat qilsa, bilasizmi
bir paytda teelfonda ham gaplashib ulguradi
14:14
she's dealing with people on the phone,
305
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1876
bolalar bilan gaplashadi, shiftni oqlaydi
14:16
she's talking to the kids,
she's painting the ceiling,
306
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2556
14:18
she's doing open-heart surgery over here.
307
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3096
ana u yerda ochiq yurak jarrohligini qiladi.
14:22
If I'm cooking, the door
is shut, the kids are out,
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2976
Agar men ovqat qilsam, eshik yopiq, bolalar tahsarida bo'lishi
14:25
the phone's on the hook,
if she comes in I get annoyed.
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telefon qo'yilgan, va agar u kirib kelsa mening g'ashim chiqadi
14:28
I say, "Terry, please,
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
310
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men shunday deyman" Terri, iltimos, ko'rmayapsanmi, men tuxun qovurayapman. Meni o'z holimga qo'y " ( Kulgi)
14:31
(Laughter)
311
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6730
14:38
"Give me a break."
312
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1200
14:39
(Laughter)
313
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aslida, bilsangiz eski bir falsafiy narsa
14:41
Actually, do you know
that old philosophical thing,
314
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agar daraxt o'rmonda qulasa va uni hech kim eshitmasa
14:43
if a tree falls in a forest
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
315
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3253
bu sodir bo;lgan hisoblanadimi?
14:47
Remember that old chestnut?
316
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1329
14:48
I saw a great t-shirt
recently, which said,
317
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2409
Yaqinda men juda ajoyib futbolka ko'rdim " Agar erkak kishi o'z fikrini aytsa
14:51
"If a man speaks his mind
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
318
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O'rmonda, va hech bi ayol uni eshitmsa
14:55
is he still wrong?"
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u baribir ham xato aytdimi?" ( Kulgi)
14:56
(Laughter)
320
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5606
15:03
And the third thing about intelligence is,
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Aqllilik haqida uchinchi narsa shundaki
15:06
it's distinct.
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u juda noyob. Men hozir yangi kitob yozayapman
15:07
I'm doing a new book at the moment
called "Epiphany,"
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" Kulminatsiya" deb nomlangan. Undan bir qator
15:10
which is based on a series
of interviews with people
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odamlarning suhbat intervyusi ularning
15:12
about how they discovered their talent.
325
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1920
iste'todlarini qanday topganliklari haqida
15:14
I'm fascinated
by how people got to be there.
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Suhbatlarimning birida
15:16
It's really prompted by a conversation
I had with a wonderful woman
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ajoyib ayol, balki ko'pchilik u haqida eshitmagandir
ismi Gillian LYnne
15:20
who maybe most people
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
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eshitganmizi? Ba'zilar ehsitgan ko'rinadi. U horeograf- raqs o'qituvchisi
15:22
Have you heard of her? Some have.
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uning ishini hamma biladi
15:24
She's a choreographer,
and everybody knows her work.
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2522
U " Mushuklar" va " Opea arvohi" kabi sahnalariga raqs tayyorlagan.
15:27
She did "Cats" and "Phantom of the Opera."
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903100
2001
U juda ajoyib. Men Angliyda Qirol balleti kommissiyasida edim
15:29
She's wonderful.
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978
15:30
I used to be on the board
of The Royal Ballet,
333
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ko'rib turganingizday.
15:32
as you can see.
334
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1201
15:33
Anyway, Gillian and I had
lunch one day and I said,
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2400
hullas, Gillian va men bir kuni tushlik qilayotganimizda
men " Gillian, siz qandya qilib raqqosa bo'la qoldingiz? dedim, u
15:36
"How did you get to be a dancer?"
336
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15:37
It was interesting.
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bu juda qiziqarli sodir bo'lganini aytdi. Maktab davrida
15:39
When she was at school,
she was really hopeless.
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u juda umidsiz edi. Maktabda, 30 yillarda
15:41
And the school, in the '30s,
wrote to her parents and said,
339
917374
3602
makta mudirlari uning ota onaisga shunday xat yozadi:
15:45
"We think Gillian
has a learning disorder."
340
921000
2000
" Biz o'ylaymizki, Gillianda qandaydir kassallik bor. U hech diqqati bir joyga to'play olmaydi"
bilaman ular shunday derdi
15:47
She couldn't concentrate;
she was fidgeting.
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u diqqat yetishmovchilik sindromiga duchor bo'lgan. Lekin 1930 yillarda
15:49
I think now they'd say she had ADHD.
Wouldn't you?
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15:52
But this was the 1930s, and ADHD
hadn't been invented at this point.
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4059
bunday sindrom nomlanmagan edi
bu o'sha paytda hali tayyor emas edi ( Kulgi)
15:56
It wasn't an available condition.
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15:59
(Laughter)
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Odamlar shunday bo'lishini bilishmagandi
16:01
People weren't aware they could have that.
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Xullas, bu ayol mutaxassisni ko'rish boradi.
16:03
(Laughter)
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16:06
Anyway, she went to see this specialist.
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Onasi bilan,
Katta doira stol atrfofida u bir chetda o'tiradi
16:10
So, this oak-paneled room,
and she was there with her mother,
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3722
va u 20 daqiqa davomida qo'llarida o'tiradi
16:14
and she was led and sat
on this chair at the end,
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2477
bu kishi uning onasiga hamma narsa haqida gapiradi
16:16
and she sat on her hands for 20 minutes
while this man talked to her mother
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3639
Gilliannign maktadagi muammolari haqida
16:20
about the problems
Gillian was having at school.
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2328
va oxirida, chunki u boshqalarga halaqit bergani uchun
16:22
Because she was disturbing people;
her homework was always late; and so on,
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3677
va uy vaziafasini kech tayyorlagani uchun va boshqalar
8 yoshli bola, oxirida, shifokor kelib o'tiradi va "Gillian
16:26
little kid of eight.
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1096
16:27
In the end, the doctor
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
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3055
men senign onag aytgan hamma
narsalarni eshitdim
16:30
"I've listened to all these
things your mother's told me,
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2705
va men u bilan yakka holda gaplashisim kerak"
16:33
I need to speak to her privately.
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va u yana shundya deydi" Sen shu yerda kutib tur, biz tez qaytamiz"
16:34
Wait here. We'll be back;
we won't be very long,"
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2376
va ular ketadi, qizcha qoladi
16:37
and they went and left her.
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2325
Xonadan chiqib ketayotgan paytda u radioni buraydi
16:39
But as they went out of the room,
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stolida turgan, ya'ni.
16:41
he turned on the radio
that was sitting on his desk.
361
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2500
xonada chiqqach doktor onasiga
16:44
And when they got out, he said to her
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
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" Siz shu yerda turib uni kuzating " deydi. Ular xonadan chiqqach bir daqiqadan keyin
16:48
And the minute they left the room,
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984000
2991
qizcha musiqaga raqs tusha boshlaydi
16:51
she was on her feet, moving to the music.
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987015
2484
ular uni bir necha daqiqa kuzatadilar
16:53
And they watched for a few minutes
and he turned to her mother and said,
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989523
3453
va doktor qizning onasiga qarab shundya deydi
16:57
"Mrs. Lynne, Gillian
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
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3976
" Missis Lynne, Gillian kasal emas, u raqqosa
17:01
Take her to a dance school."
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1976
Uni raqs maktabiga olib boring"
17:03
I said, "What happened?"
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1976
Men so'ardim" Nima bo'ldi keyin?"
17:05
She said, "She did. I can't tell you
how wonderful it was.
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2976
U aytdi " Ha u meni olib bordi. Bu juda ajoyib edi
17:08
We walked in this room
and it was full of people like me.
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2753
biz xonaga kirib keldik va xona to'la
menga o'xhashagan odamlar edi. Bir joyda turolmaydigan odamlar.
17:10
People who couldn't sit still.
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2199
17:13
People who had to move to think."
Who had to move to think.
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4587
O'yslahs uchun harakatda bo'lishi kerak bo'lganlar"Biz o'yslash uchun harakat qilishimiz kerak edi.
Ular ballet, oyoq raqsi va jazz bilan shug'ullanishdi
17:17
They did ballet, they did tap, jazz;
they did modern; they did contemporary.
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3630
hamda, zamoaviy raqslar ham ijro etishdi
keyinchalik u Qirol Balet maktabiga taklif qilindi
17:21
She was eventually auditioned
for the Royal Ballet School;
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2820
u yakka raqqosga aylandi, va ajoyib ish bilan ta'minlandi
17:24
she became a soloist; she had
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
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3299
Qirol Baletida. keyin u oqishni bitirdi
Qirol Belt Makatbidan va
17:27
She eventually graduated
from the Royal Ballet School,
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2608
o'z kompaniyasini ochdi ' Gillian Lynning Raqs Kompaniyasi-
17:30
founded the Gillian Lynne Dance Company,
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1975
va Andre Lloy Webernig uchratdi. Bu ayol
17:32
met Andrew Lloyd Webber.
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1243
17:33
She's been responsible for
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1409
eng muvaffaqiyatli musiqy teartning ko'pchiligi uchun javobgar bo'lgan
17:35
some of the most successful
musical theater productions in history,
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3146
o'tgan davrda, u millionlab
17:38
she's given pleasure to millions,
and she's a multi-millionaire.
381
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3072
17:41
Somebody else might have put her
on medication and told her to calm down.
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4070
odamlar uchun rohat bag'ishlagan, va u ham o'zi millioner bo'lgan
Kimdir esa unga dorilar berib
17:45
(Applause)
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6782
jim bo'l, ko'p qimirlama deyishi mumkin edi.
Hozir, menimcha..( qarsaklar). mening yakunim shundan iborat
17:52
What I think it comes to is this:
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Al Gore kecha ma'ruza berdi
17:54
Al Gore spoke the other night
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17:56
about ecology and the revolution
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
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4269
ekologiya, atrfor muhit haqida, va Rachel Carson boshlagan inqilob haqida
Men ishonamanki, kelajk uchun faqat bir umid
18:01
I believe our only hope for the future
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2166
isnon ekologiaysining yangi qolipini ishlatish
18:03
is to adopt a new conception
of human ecology,
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3833
qaysiki, bizning fikrlashimizni qayta shakllantiradi
18:07
one in which we start
to reconstitute our conception
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2818
18:10
of the richness of human capacity.
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1976
va inson qobiliyatini boyitadi.
18:12
Our education system has mined our minds
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Bizning ta'lim sohamiz fikrlashimizni
18:15
in the way that we strip-mine the earth:
for a particular commodity.
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3276
Yerni bir narsa uchun ishlatishga qaratadi
lekin kelajakda, bu bizga yordam bermaydi
18:19
And for the future, it won't serve us.
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2484
bi eng asosiy go'yalarimizni qayta o'ylab chiqishimiz kerak
18:21
We have to rethink
the fundamental principles
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18:24
on which we're educating our children.
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1968
bolalarimizga qandya ta'lim berayapmiz.
Jonas Salk astganiday " Agar hashorotlar
18:26
There was a wonderful quote
by Jonas Salk, who said,
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2674
18:28
"If all the insects
were to disappear from the Earth,
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5039
Yer yuzida yo'qolib ketsa, 50 yil ichida yerda hayot tugardi.
Agar odamlar yer yuzidan yoqolib ketsa,
18:33
within 50 years all life
on Earth would end.
398
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2841
50 yil ichida
18:37
If all human beings
disappeared from the Earth,
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3072
Yerda hayoy gullab yahsnardi"
18:40
within 50 years all forms
of life would flourish."
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Va u to'gri aytadi.
18:44
And he's right.
401
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TED inson tasavvurini nishonlaydi
18:46
What TED celebrates is the gift
of the human imagination.
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va biz uni qanday ishaltishimizdan ehtiyot bo'lishimiz kerak.
18:50
We have to be careful now
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bu sovga;ni oqilona ishaltish kerak, va shunda
18:52
that we use this gift wisely
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18:54
and that we avert some of the scenarios
that we've talked about.
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biz aytib o'tgan narsalarni chetlab o'tish mumkin.
18:58
And the only way we'll do it is by seeing
our creative capacities
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3932
va buning birdan bi yo'li ijodkorlik qobiliaytimizni ko'ra olishdir
19:02
for the richness they are
407
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1610
ular qanday asl va boy bo'lsa, shunday ko'rish kerak
19:03
and seeing our children
for the hope that they are.
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3182
ya'ni bolalarimizni, shunday deb umid qilishimiz kerak. Va bizning vazifamiz
19:06
And our task is to educate
their whole being,
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butun borlig'imizga ta'lim berish, va kelajakka yuzma yuz qaray olishdir.
19:09
so they can face this future.
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ha aytgancha, biz bu kelajakni ko'rmasligimiz mumkin,
19:10
By the way -- we may not see this future,
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2206
19:13
but they will.
412
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lekin ular ko'ra oladi. Bizning ishimiz ularga yordam berish
19:14
And our job is to help them
make something of it.
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kelajakni foydali qilib qurishda. Katta Rahmat
19:17
Thank you very much.
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1000
19:18
(Applause)
415
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3000
Translated by Nafissa Yakubova
Reviewed by Adham Kurbanov

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.

Why you should listen

Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."

A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.

More profile about the speaker
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com