ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Helen Fisher - Anthropologist, expert on love
Anthropologist Helen Fisher studies gender differences and the evolution of human emotions. She’s best known as an expert on romantic love.

Why you should listen

Fisher's several books lay bare the mysteries of our most treasured emotion: its evolution, its biochemical foundations and its vital importance to human society. Fisher describes love as a universal human drive (stronger than the sex drive; stronger than thirst or hunger; stronger perhaps than the will to live), and her many areas of inquiry shed light on timeless human mysteries like why we choose one partner over another. Her classic study, Anatomy of Love, first published in 1992, has just been re-issued in a fully updated edition, including her recent neuroimaging research on lust, romantic love and attachment as well as discussions of sexting, hooking up, friends with benefits, other contemporary trends in courtship and marriage, and a dramatic current trend she calls “slow love.”

More profile about the speaker
Helen Fisher | Speaker | TED.com
TED2006

Helen Fisher: Why we love, why we cheat

海伦.菲舍尔解密爱情与出轨

Filmed:
11,349,614 views

人类学家海伦.菲舍尔为我们带来了一个十分微妙的话题--爱情--她解释了爱情的演变，爱情的生化基础和社会地位。她在结束的时候还告诫我们乱用抗抑郁剂背后隐藏的可怕后果。
- Anthropologist, expert on love
Anthropologist Helen Fisher studies gender differences and the evolution of human emotions. She’s best known as an expert on romantic love. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

我今天要讲俩个下世纪的大趋势
00:25
I'd like to talk today今天
about the two biggest最大 social社会 trends趋势
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00:30
in the coming未来 century世纪,
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00:31
and perhaps也许 in the next下一个 10,000 years年份.
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也很有可能是未来10,000年的趋势
但是，我想首先从我对爱情的研究讲起
00:34
But I want to start开始
with my work on romantic浪漫 love,
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00:38
because that's my most最 recent最近 work.
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因为这是我最近的工作。
我和我的同事对32个深陷爱情中的人
00:41
What I and my colleagues同事 did was put
32 people, who were madly发狂 in love,
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00:45
into a functional实用 MRIMRI brain脑 scanner扫描器.
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进行了功能性核磁共振大脑扫描
这些人中的17个人获取了异性的芳心
00:48
17 who were madly发狂 in love
and their其 love was accepted公认;
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其他的15个人则刚刚被甩
00:51
and 15 who were madly发狂 in love
and they had just been dumped甩.
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所以我想先讲一下这个实验
00:54
And so I want to tell you
about that first,
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然后是我对爱情的理解
00:57
and then go on into where
I think love is going.
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01:01
(Laughter笑声)
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01:03
"What 'tis“TIS to love?" Shakespeare莎士比亚 said.
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莎士比亚曾经问道：“爱情是什么？”
我想我们的祖先对这个问题的困惑
01:07
I think our ancestors祖先 --
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01:09
I think human人的 beings众生 have been
wondering想知道 about this question题
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从一百万年前他们围坐在篝火边或者躺着看星星时就开始了
01:13
since以来 they satSAT around their其 campfires营火
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01:15
or lay铺设 and watched看着
the stars明星 a million百万 years年份 ago前.
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01:19
I started开始 out by trying试 to figure数字 out
what romantic浪漫 love was
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为了找到浪漫爱情的内涵
我翻阅了45年来心理学方面的研究成果
01:22
by looking at the last 45 years年份
of the psychological心理 research研究
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01:28
and as it turns圈 out,
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发现当人们陷入爱情的时候会发生一些特殊的现象
01:29
there's a very specific具体 group组 of things
that happen发生 when you fall秋季 in love.
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首先会发生的是
01:34
The first thing that happens发生 is,
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01:36
a person人 begins开始 to take on
what I call, "special特别 meaning含义."
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另一个人开始被赋予了“特殊意义”
就像一个卡车司机曾经对我说
01:40
As a truck卡车 driver司机 once一旦 said to me,
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我的世界有了一个新的中心，那就是Mary Anne
01:42
"The world世界 had a new新 center中央,
and that center中央 was Mary玛丽 Anne安妮."
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01:46
George乔治 Bernard伯纳德 Shaw肖 said it differently不同.
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而萧伯纳用不同的方式表达了同样的意思
他说，爱情中的人会夸大一个女人和另外一个女人的差别
01:48
"Love consists由 of overestimating高估
the differences分歧
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01:51
between之间 one woman女人 and another另一个."
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而事实也确实是这样的。（笑声）
01:53
And indeed确实, that's what we do.
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01:55
(Laughter笑声)
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01:58
And then you just focus焦点 on this person人.
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然后你就会把全部的关注放在这个人身上
02:01
You can list名单 what you
don't like about them,
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虽然你也可以列出你不喜欢他/她的地方
但对缺点马上置之不理，然后全力去爱她/他
02:04
but then you sweep扫 that aside在旁边
and focus焦点 on what you do.
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02:07
As Chaucer乔叟 said, "Love is blind盲."
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就像乔叟说的那样，“爱情是盲目的”
02:11
In trying试 to understand理解 romantic浪漫 love,
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为了理解浪漫爱情
02:13
I decided决定 I would read读 poetry诗歌
from all over the world世界,
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我决定阅读来自世界各地的诗歌
02:16
and I just want to give
you one very short短 poem诗
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现在我想给你们读一首写于八世纪中国的小诗
02:19
from eighth-century八世纪 China中国,
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因为它几近完美的展现了一个男人是怎样全身心的关注一个女人
02:20
because it's an almost几乎 perfect完善 example例
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02:22
of a man who is focused重点 totally完全
on a particular特定 woman女人.
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就像一个人疯狂的爱上一个人的时候，
02:26
It's a little bit位 like when you are
madly发狂 in love with somebody谁
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这个人走进停车场。
02:29
and you walk步行 into a parking停車處 lot --
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他会觉得这个人的车与其他任何车都不一样
02:31
their其 car汽车 is different不同
from every一切 other car汽车 in the parking停車處 lot.
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这个人晚宴上的红酒杯也和其他任何的酒杯不一样
02:34
Their其 wine红酒 glass玻璃 at dinner晚餐
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02:36
is different不同 from every一切 other wine红酒 glass玻璃
at the dinner晚餐 party派对.
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02:39
And in this case案件, a man got hooked迷上
on a bamboo竹 sleeping睡眠 mat垫.
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在这个故事里，一个男人迷上了一张竹席
这首诗是诗人元稹所写的：
02:44
And it goes去 like this.
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It's by a guy called叫 Yuan元 Zhen震.
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竹簟衬重茵，未忍都令卷。
02:48
"I cannot不能 bear熊 to put away
the bamboo竹 sleeping睡眠 mat垫.
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忆昨初来日，看君自施展
02:51
The night I brought带 you home,
I watched看着 you roll滚 it out."
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他之所以迷上一个竹席，
02:55
He became成为 hooked迷上 on a sleeping睡眠 mat垫,
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可能跟你我一样，
02:57
probably大概 because of elevated提高的 activity活动
of dopamine多巴胺 in his brain脑,
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因为头脑里的多巴胺增多而引起的反应
03:00
just like with you and me.
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但不管怎么说，不仅这个人对你来说有特殊的含义
03:02
But anyway无论如何, not only does this person人
take on special特别 meaning含义,
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你会全身心的关注他或她。
03:05
you focus焦点 your attention注意 on them.
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03:07
You aggrandize夸大 them.
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你会对他/她极度的吹捧。而且你的精力旺盛异常
03:09
But you have intense激烈 energy能源.
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就像一个波利尼亚人说的那样：“我觉得仿佛飞到了空中”
03:11
As one Polynesian波利尼西亚 said,
"I felt毡 like jumping跳跃 in the sky天空."
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你会整晚都睡不着。你会一直走黎明
03:15
You're up all night.
You're walking步行 till直到 dawn黎明.
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当事情进展顺利的时候，你会觉得兴高采烈
03:18
You feel intense激烈 elation高昂
when things are going well;
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当事情不顺利的时候，你又会陷入极度的失望和恐慌。
03:21
mood心情 swings波动 into horrible可怕 despair绝望
when things are going poorly不好.
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你完全依赖于这个人了
03:24
Real真实 dependence依赖 on this person人.
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就像一个纽约的商人对我说的， “她喜欢的任何东西我都喜欢”
03:27
As one businessman商人 in New新 York纽约 said to me,
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"Anything she liked喜欢, I liked喜欢."
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简单，爱情就是那么简单。
03:32
Simple简单. Romantic浪漫 love is very simple简单.
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03:35
You become成为 extremely非常 sexually性 possessive所有格.
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你会对性有极强的占有欲。
03:37
You know, if you're just sleeping睡眠
with somebody谁 casually胡乱,
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你知道，如果你只是随随便便和一个人上床，
03:40
you don't really care关心
if they're sleeping睡眠 with somebody谁 else其他.
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你并不会在意他/她是否和其他人上床
但当你陷入爱情的时候
03:43
But the moment时刻 you fall秋季 in love,
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你对性会有极强的占有欲
03:45
you become成为 extremely非常
sexually性 possessive所有格 of them.
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我想这种现象是遵循尔达文进化论的，也促进了人类的进化
03:47
I think there's a Darwinian达尔文
purpose目的 to this.
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03:50
The whole整个 point点 of this
is to pull拉 two people together一起
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因为爱情让两个人紧紧绑在了一起，
这种关系牢固到足以让两个人在一起生儿育女
03:53
strongly非常 enough足够 to begin开始
to rear后 babies婴儿 as a team球队.
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03:57
But the main主要 characteristics特点
of romantic浪漫 love are craving瘾:
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但爱情最重要的特征是渴望
04:00
an intense激烈 craving瘾
to be with a particular特定 person人,
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对某一个人，不仅是性上的，还包括感情上的渴望。
04:04
not just sexually性, but emotionally感情上.
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04:06
It would be nice不错 to go to bed床 with them,
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当然能和他/她同床共枕是很好的，
但你更期待他/她会给你打电话，约你出去，等等
04:10
but you want them to call you
on the telephone电话, to invite邀请 you out, etc等等.,
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04:14
to tell you that they love you.
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希望他告诉你他爱你
04:17
The other main主要 characteristic特性
is motivation动机.
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爱情另外一个主要的特征是动机。
你已经迫不及待的开始行动，你想得到这个人。
04:22
The motor发动机 in the brain脑 begins开始 to crank曲柄,
and you want this person人.
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04:25
And last but not least最小,
it is an obsession困扰.
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爱情的最后一个也是同样重要的特征是痴迷
当我让他们进入核磁共振机之前
04:28
Before I put these people
in the MRIMRI machine机,
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04:32
I would ask问 them all kinds种 of questions问题.
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我会问他们各种各样的问题
04:34
But my most最 important重要 question题
was always the same相同.
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但最重要的问题始终是一个
“你一天之中有多少时间是在想念这个人的？”
04:37
It was: "What percentage百分比 of the day
and night do you think about this person人?"
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他们会说，“整天整夜。从来没停止过想念”
04:42
And indeed确实, they would say,
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04:44
"All day. All night.
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I can never stop thinking思维
about him or her."
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04:49
And then, the very last question题 --
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然后，我会问他们最后一个问题，
04:51
I would always have to work
myself我 up to this question题,
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我经常会想方设法引导他们去回答这个问题
因为我不是一个心理学家
04:54
because I'm not a psychologist心理学家.
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我没法治愈人们心灵的创伤
04:55
I don't work with people
in any kind类 of traumatic创伤 situation情况.
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这个最后的问题也始终是那一个：
04:59
My final最后 question题 was always the same相同.
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“你会为这个人去死吗？”
05:01
I would say,
"Would you die死 for him or her?"
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这些人会说“会的！”
05:04
And, indeed确实, these people would say "Yes!"
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就好像我请他们把盐递给我那样理所当然
05:06
as if I had asked问 them to pass通过 the salt盐.
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对这样的回答，我感到很震惊。
05:08
I was just staggered交错 by it.
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05:12
So we scanned扫描 their其 brains大脑,
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我让他们先看一幅爱人的照片，
05:15
looking at a photograph照片
of their其 sweetheart爱人
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05:17
and looking at a neutral中性 photograph照片,
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然后再让他们看一幅不相关的照片，并监测了他们大脑的活动
05:18
with a distraction娱乐 task任务 in between之间.
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我们会发现同一个大脑在某一时刻达到最强烈的活动状态
05:20
So we could look at the same相同 brain脑
when it was in that heightened提高 state州
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05:25
and when it was in a resting休息 state州.
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又在什么时候处于休息的状态
我们也发现相当多的大脑区域变得活跃
05:28
And we found发现 activity活动
in a lot of brain脑 regions地区.
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而事实上我们最关注的一个大脑区域
05:30
In fact事实, one of the most最 important重要
was a brain脑 region地区
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是那个让你对可卡因感到渴求的大脑区域
05:33
that becomes变 active活性
when you feel the rush赶 of cocaine可卡因.
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而这正是人们看到爱人照片时的反应
05:37
And indeed确实, that's exactly究竟 what happens发生.
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05:40
I began开始 to realize实现 that romantic浪漫 love
is not an emotion情感.
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我开始意识到浪漫爱情并不仅仅是一种情绪
我曾经认为爱情就是一系列的情绪
05:45
In fact事实, I had always thought
it was a series系列 of emotions情绪,
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从非常强烈到非常微弱的
05:47
from very high高 to very low低.
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05:49
But actually其实, it's a drive驾驶.
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但事实上，爱情是一种驱动力 它来自于心灵深处的动力
05:51
It comes来 from the motor发动机 of the mind心神,
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05:53
the wanting希望 part部分 of the mind心神,
the craving瘾 part部分 of the mind心神.
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来自于我们内心的欲望，一种强烈的愿望
这种动力，
05:57
The kind类 of part部分 of the mind心神
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05:58
when you're reaching到达
for that piece片 of chocolate巧克力,
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就像你想要得到那一块巧克力一样
就像你想要在工作中获得晋升一样
06:01
when you want to win赢得
that promotion提升 at work.
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它在驱动我们的大脑活动，它是我们的驱动力
06:05
The motor发动机 of the brain脑.
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06:07
It's a drive驾驶.
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06:08
And in fact事实, I think it's more powerful强大
than the sex性别 drive驾驶.
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我认为这种动力比性的动力更为的强大
当你问别人是否愿意和你上床，如果这个人说“不”
06:11
You know, if you ask问 somebody谁
to go to bed床 with you,
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06:14
and they say, "No, thank you,"
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你肯定不会因为这个自杀或是患上忧郁症
06:15
you certainly当然 don't kill杀 yourself你自己
or slip滑 into a clinical临床 depression萧条.
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但在全世界范围内，人们如果被爱拒绝，就会为此而轻生
06:19
But certainly当然, around the world世界,
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06:22
people who are rejected拒绝
in love will kill杀 for it.
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人们为爱而生，为爱而杀，为爱而死
06:27
People live生活 for love.
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06:28
They kill杀 for love.
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06:29
They die死 for love.
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06:31
They have songs歌曲, poems诗, novels小说,
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他们为爱创作了歌曲，诗歌，小说，雕塑，画作，神话故事和传奇
06:34
sculptures雕塑, paintings绘画, myths神话, legends传说.
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在超过175个社会里，人们都用不同的证据证明了这部分大脑组织是如此强大
06:38
In over 175 societies社会,
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people have left their其 evidence证据
of this powerful强大 brain脑 system系统.
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让人们大喜大悲
06:45
I have come to think
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06:46
it's one of the most最 powerful强大
brain脑 systems系统 on Earth地球
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所以我认为它是世上最强大的大脑组织
06:49
for both都 great joy喜悦 and great sorrow悲哀.
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我认为它是从最初的交配和繁殖
06:52
And I've also也 come to think
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06:53
that it's one of three三
basically基本上 different不同 brain脑 systems系统
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发展而来的最基本的三种不同的大脑组织。
06:57
that evolved进化 from mating交配 and reproduction再生产.
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其中一种是性欲：对性的一种渴望。
06:59
One is the sex性别 drive驾驶:
the craving瘾 for sexual有性 gratification享乐.
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07:03
W.H. Auden奥登 called叫 it
an "intolerable无法忍受 neural神经 itch痒,"
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W.H.Auden称之为：不能忍受的神经性冲动
07:06
and indeed确实, that's what it is.
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确实，它就是那样的。
它总是不停的烦扰着你，就像饥饿一样。
07:09
It keeps保持 bothering困扰 you
a little bit位, like being存在 hungry饥饿.
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第二个就是浪漫的爱情：
07:13
The second第二 of these three三 brain脑
systems系统 is romantic浪漫 love:
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07:16
that elation高昂, obsession困扰 of early早 love.
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那种让人欢欣鼓舞，使人痴迷的情窦初开。
07:18
And the third第三 brain脑 system系统 is attachment附件:
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那第三种就是依赖
那是一种从长期伴侣那里才能体会到的宁静和安全。
07:21
that sense感 of calm冷静 and security安全
you can feel for a long-term长期 partner伙伴.
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07:25
And I think that the sex性别 drive驾驶
evolved进化 to get you out there,
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我认为就是对性的渴望使你
走出去从人群中寻找伴侣
07:28
looking for a whole整个 range范围 of partners伙伴.
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你知道，在你开车的时候你可以感觉到它
07:30
You can feel it when you're just
driving主动 along沿 in your car汽车.
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它会使人魂不守舍
07:33
It can be focused重点 on nobody没有人.
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而浪漫爱情会使你专注
07:35
I think romantic浪漫 love evolved进化
to enable启用 you to focus焦点 your mating交配 energy能源
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07:38
on just one individual个人 at a time,
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只与一个人发生关系
07:40
thereby从而 conserving节约 mating交配 time and energy能源.
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因此你储蓄着交配的能量，等待着时机
07:43
And I think that attachment附件,
the third第三 brain脑 system系统,
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而第三种大脑系统：依赖
则发展成使你能够对他/她很忍耐（笑声）。
07:46
evolved进化 to enable启用 you to tolerate容忍
this human人的 being存在
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07:49
at least最小 long enough足够 to raise提高
a child儿童 together一起 as a team球队.
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这种宽容至少可以帮你撑过抚养小孩的这段时间。
07:55
So with that preamble前言,
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开场白之后，我要讨论两个最显著的社会趋势。
07:57
I want to go into discussing讨论
the two most最 profound深刻 social社会 trends趋势.
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08:03
One of the last 10,000 years年份
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其中一个产生于10000年前，另一个则是25年前，
08:06
and the other,
certainly当然 of the last 25 years年份,
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这两种趋势都对性欲，爱情，和依赖
08:10
that are going to have an impact碰撞
on these three三 different不同 brain脑 systems系统:
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这三种不同的脑系统产生过影响。
08:15
lust情欲, romantic浪漫 love
and deep深 attachment附件 to a partner伙伴.
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第一个阶段就是女人开始工作，成为劳动力的一部分。
08:19
The first is women妇女 working加工,
moving移动 into the workforce劳动力.
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我查过联合国的世界人口统计年鉴中的130-150个国家
08:26
I've looked看着 at 130 societies社会
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08:29
through通过 the demographic人口 yearbooks年鉴
of the United联合的 Nations国家.
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发现130个中有129个国家的女性在进入劳动市场
08:31
Everywhere到处 in the world世界,
129 out of 130 of them,
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08:36
women妇女 are not only moving移动
into the job工作 market市场 --
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08:38
sometimes有时 very, very slowly慢慢地,
but they are moving移动 into the job工作 market市场 --
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过程可能比较缓慢的，但这个趋势确定无疑
08:42
and they are very slowly慢慢地 closing关闭
that gap间隙 between之间 men男人 and women妇女
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男性与女性之间
08:46
in terms条款 of economic经济 power功率,
health健康 and education教育.
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经济能力，健康和教育方面的距离正在缩小
这个过程同样非常缓慢
08:50
It's very slow慢.
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08:51
For every一切 trend趋势 on this planet行星,
there's a counter-trend反趋势.
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对于地球上出现的每种趋势，总会伴随着一种阻力
08:54
We all know of them, but nevertheless虽然 --
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对此，我们都很了解，但就像古老的阿拉伯谚语
08:57
the Arabs阿拉伯人 say, "The dogs小狗 may可能 bark吠,
but the caravan大篷车 moves移动 on."
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所说的：“狗会叫吠，但是车队仍在前行。”
事实上也的确如此，这一趋势滚滚向前。
09:03
And, indeed确实, that caravan大篷车 is moving移动 on.
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女性正在重返劳动市场。
09:05
Women妇女 are moving移动 back into the job工作 market市场.
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我之所以说是重返，因为女性劳动这事并不新鲜。
09:08
And I say back into the job工作 market市场,
because this is not new新.
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在百万年以来的非洲大地上，
09:12
For millions百万 of years年份,
on the grasslands草原 of Africa非洲,
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女性每天往返于牧场种植收割蔬菜。
09:15
women妇女 commuted改判 to work
to gather收集 their其 vegetables蔬菜.
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她们带着60-80%的晚餐回到家
09:18
They came来了 home with 60 to 80 percent百分
of the evening晚间 meal膳食.
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09:22
The double双 income收入 family家庭 was the standard标准.
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双人收入的家庭才是标准家庭
09:25
And women妇女 were regarded认为
as just as economically经济,
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同时，女性也拥有同男性一样的经济能力，社会能力和选择伴侣的权力
09:29
socially社交上 and sexually性 powerful强大 as men男人.
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09:32
In short短, we're really
moving移动 forward前锋 to the past过去.
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简而言之，我们是返璞归真了
然而，女性最差的发明就是犁
09:37
Then, women's女士的 worst最差
invention发明 was the plow犁.
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随着犁耕农业社会的开始，男性的所扮演的角色变得出奇的强势
09:42
With the beginning开始 of plow犁 agriculture农业,
men's男装 roles角色 became成为 extremely非常 powerful强大.
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女性失去了其作为收割者原始的工作
09:46
Women妇女 lost丢失 their其 ancient古
jobs工作 as collectors收藏家,
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但是随着工业革命和后工业革命的产生
09:50
but then with the industrial产业 revolution革命
and the post-industrial后工业 revolution革命
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女性开始重返劳动市场
09:54
they're moving移动 back into the job工作 market市场.
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简而言之，她们正在获得在百万年前就拥的社会地位和身份
09:56
In short短, they are acquiring收购 the status状态
that they had a million百万 years年份 ago前,
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甚至早在10000年甚至100000年前就曾拥有过
10:01
10,000 years年份 ago前, 100,000 years年份 ago前.
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10:04
We are seeing眼看 now one
of the most最 remarkable卓越 traditions传统
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我们现在看到的是人类历史上最具标志性的传统之一
10:09
in the history历史 of the human人的 animal动物.
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而且这个传统正在产生影响
10:13
And it's going to have an impact碰撞.
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通常，我的整个讲演都可以围绕女性对经济领域的影响，
10:15
I generally通常 give a whole整个 lecture演讲
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10:16
on the impact碰撞 of women妇女
on the business商业 community社区.
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这次我只会举其中几件事来讲，接下来讲爱情和性的部分
10:18
I'll say just a couple一对 of things,
and then go on to sex性别 and love.
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男性与女性之间存在很多的差异
10:22
There's a lot of gender性别 differences分歧;
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那那些认为男人和女人很相似的人肯定没有同时抚养过儿子和女儿
10:23
anybody任何人 who thinks想 men男人 and women妇女 are alike一样
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10:26
simply只是 never had a boy男孩 and a girl女孩 child儿童.
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我不知道为什么他们会认为男人和女人是一样的
10:28
I don't know why they want to think
that men男人 and women妇女 are alike一样.
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男人和女人是有很多相同的地方，但是
10:31
There's much we have in common共同,
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10:32
but there's a whole整个 lot
that we do not have in common共同.
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也有很多不同
10:35
We are -- in the words话 of Ted摊晒 Hughes休斯,
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正如Ted Hughs 所言，
10:37
"I think that we are like two feet脚.
We need each每 other to get ahead先."
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“我们就像人的两只脚一样，需要彼此配合才能继续前行。”
但我们的大脑并没有进化成一样的构造
10:42
But we did not evolve发展
to have the same相同 brain脑.
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10:45
And we're finding发现 more and more
gender性别 differences分歧 in the brain脑.
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而且现在正发现越来越多在思想上的差异
我只讲其中几点，然后就将进入到性和爱情的部分
10:49
I'll only just use a couple一对
and then move移动 on to sex性别 and love.
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10:52
One of them is women's女士的 verbal口头 ability能力.
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其中一个是女性的语言能力。女人是聊天高手
10:54
Women妇女 can talk.
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10:55
Women's女士的 ability能力 to find the right word字
rapidly急速, basic基本 articulation关节
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女性可以迅速找到正确的词汇，最清楚的说明事情
10:59
goes去 up in the middle中间
of the menstrual月经 cycle周期,
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这种能力在月经周期中间雌性激素达到顶峰时提高
11:02
when estrogen雌激素 levels水平 peak峰.
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但是就算是在月经的时候，她们的表现都比普通男性好
11:03
But even at menstruation经期,
they're better than the average平均 man.
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女性擅于交谈
11:07
Women妇女 can talk.
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她们早在百万年前就如此，语言是她们的工具
11:09
They've他们已经 been doing it for a million百万 years年份;
words话 were women's女士的 tools工具.
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11:12
They held保持 that baby宝宝
in front面前 of their其 face面对,
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她们面对面的抚养教育小孩
她们用语言哄小孩，骂小孩，教育小孩
11:14
cajoling哄骗 it, reprimanding申斥 it,
educating教育 it with words话.
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然而，女性正在成为一股强大的力量
11:18
And, indeed确实, they're becoming变得
a very powerful强大 force力.
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11:21
Even in places地方 like India印度 and Japan日本,
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甚至在一些女性进入普通劳动市场
较慢的国家如印度和日本
11:27
where women妇女 are not moving移动 rapidly急速
into the regular定期 job工作 market市场,
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11:30
they're moving移动 into journalism新闻学.
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女性也进入到了新闻行业
11:32
And I think that the television电视
is like the global全球 campfire营火.
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我认为电视就像一个全球的篝火晚会
11:36
We sit坐 around it and it shapes形状 our minds头脑.
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我们围着它，同时它也在影响着我们的思想
11:40
Almost几乎 always, when I'm on TV电视,
the producer制片人 who calls电话 me,
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每每在我录制节目时，那些给我打电话商量谈话内容的
制片人几乎都是女性
11:44
who negotiates谈判中 what we're going to say,
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11:47
is a woman女人.
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事实上，Solzhenitsyn曾经说过，
11:48
In fact事实, Solzhenitsyn索尔仁尼琴 once一旦 said,
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“拥有一个伟大的作家就像拥有了另一个政府”
11:50
"To have a great writer作家
is to have another另一个 government政府."
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如今在美国54%的作家都是女性
11:54
Today今天 54 percent百分 of people
who are writers作家 in America美国 are women妇女.
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这只是女性拥有的众多特性中的一个
11:59
It's one of many许多,
many许多 characteristics特点 that women妇女 have
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这些特点帮助她们进入到劳动市场
12:02
that they will bring带来 into the job工作 market市场.
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女人拥有非凡的人际技巧和谈判技巧
12:04
They've他们已经 got incredible难以置信 people skills技能,
negotiating谈判 skills技能.
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有着丰富的想象力
12:09
They're highly高度 imaginative想像的.
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12:10
We now know the brain脑 circuitry电路
of imagination想像力, of long-term长期 planning规划.
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想象力和长远计划形成的大脑路线
她们是思路缜密的思考者
12:15
They tend趋向 to be web卷筒纸 thinkers思想家.
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12:17
Because the female女 parts部分
of the brain脑 are better connected连接的,
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因为女性大脑各部分联系的更好
在她们思考的时候，能收集更多的数据
12:20
they tend趋向 to collect搜集 more
pieces件 of data数据 when they think,
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组合成更加的复杂的形式，看到更多选择和结果
12:23
put them into more complex复杂 patterns模式,
see more options选项 and outcomes结果.
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她们能进行条理清楚、整体性的思考，称为网络思考者
12:28
They tend趋向 to be contextual上下文,
holistic整体 thinkers思想家,
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12:32
what I call web卷筒纸 thinkers思想家.
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12:33
Men男人 tend趋向 to -- and these are averages均线 --
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而男人会剔除他们认为不相关的事
12:35
tend趋向 to get rid摆脱 of what they regard看待
as extraneous外来,
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只专注于他们正在做的事情，思考方式偏向于按部就班式
12:38
focus焦点 on what they do,
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12:39
and move移动 in a more
step-by-step一步步 thinking思维 pattern模式.
244
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这两种思考方式都很好
12:45
They're both都 perfectly完美 good
ways方法 of thinking思维.
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我们需要他们共同发展
12:48
We need both都 of them to get ahead先.
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12:50
In fact事实, there's many许多 more
male男 geniuses天才 in the world世界.
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事实上，在这个世界上，男性天才还是偏多的
12:53
And there's also也 many许多 more
male男 idiots白痴 in the world世界.
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但是，世界上的白痴也是男性偏多的（笑声）
12:56
(Laughter笑声)
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当男性的大脑运行好的时候，可以非常的好
12:58
When the male男 brain脑 works作品 well,
it works作品 extremely非常 well.
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我认为我们正在努力地建立一个合作型社会
13:01
And what I really think
that we're doing is,
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13:04
we're moving移动 towards向
a collaborative共同 society社会,
252
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一个逐渐认同男性和女性才能的社会
13:07
a society社会 in which哪一个 the talents人才
of both都 men男人 and women妇女
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13:09
are becoming变得 understood了解
and valued价值 and employed就业.
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并且给予重视和利用
13:13
But in fact事实, women妇女 moving移动
into the job工作 market市场
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实际上，女性进入到劳动市场
13:16
is having有 a huge巨大 impact碰撞
on sex性别 and romance浪漫 and family家庭 life.
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对性，爱情和家庭生活方面都有重大影响
最明显的，女性开始表现出他们的性欲
13:22
Foremost最重要的, women妇女 are starting开始
to express表现 their其 sexuality性欲.
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13:27
I'm always astonished惊讶
when people come to me and say,
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我总是很惊讶每当人们这样问我：
“为什么男性总是那么的花心？”
13:30
"Why is it that men男人 are so adulterous淫乱?"
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我就说“你怎么就认定是男性比女性花心呢？”
13:32
"Why do you think
more men男人 are adulterous淫乱 than women妇女?"
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“显然啊，男性就是比较花心！”
13:35
"Well, men男人 are more adulterous淫乱!"
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我问他们，“那这些男人是和在什么人上床呢？”
13:36
And I say, "Who do you think
these men男人 are sleeping睡眠 with?"
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结果显而易见吧（笑声）
13:39
(Laughter笑声)
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13:41
And -- basic基本 math数学!
264
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不管怎样，
13:42
Anyway无论如何.
265
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在西方世界
13:44
In the Western西 world世界,
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13:47
women妇女 start开始 sooner早 at sex性别,
have more partners伙伴,
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女性性成熟较早，她们拥有过更多的性伴侣
13:50
express表现 less减 remorse悔恨
for the partners伙伴 that they do,
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且并不会因为自己的“博爱”而自责
13:53
marry结婚 later后来, have fewer少 children孩子,
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她们结婚更晚，小孩较少，为了寻找更好的婚姻而离婚
13:56
leave离开 bad坏 marriages婚姻
in order订购 to get good ones那些.
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13:59
We are seeing眼看 the rise上升
of female女 sexual有性 expression表达.
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女性有了更多对性的表达和诉求
的确，我们在性表达上再一次
14:03
And, indeed确实, once一旦 again we're moving移动
forward前锋 to the kind类 of sexual有性 expression表达
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回到了百万年前非洲大地上的情景
14:08
that we probably大概 saw on the grasslands草原
of Africa非洲 a million百万 years年份 ago前,
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14:11
because this is the kind类
of sexual有性 expression表达 that we see
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因为这就是以打猎和采摘为生活方式的
14:14
in hunting狩猎 and gathering搜集 societies社会 today今天.
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社会具有的性表达
14:17
We're also也 returning回国
to an ancient古 form形成 of marriage婚姻 equality平等.
276
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我们婚姻的平等状况也正恢复原古时代
有个说法就是，21世纪
14:22
They're now saying话 that the 21stST century世纪
277
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4556
14:26
is going to be the century世纪 of what
they call the "symmetrical对称 marriage婚姻,"
278
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的婚姻可以被称为“对等婚姻”
14:30
or the "pure纯 marriage婚姻,"
or the "companionate伙伴式 marriage婚姻."
279
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“纯洁的婚姻”也可以称为“彼此不承担法律义务的婚姻”
一种在平等主体间建立的婚姻
14:36
This is a marriage婚姻 between之间 equals等于,
280
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14:39
moving移动 forward前锋 to a pattern模式
281
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回到了和远古时代人类精神高度一致的形式
14:42
that is highly高度 compatible兼容
with the ancient古 human人的 spirit精神.
282
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3134
14:46
We're also也 seeing眼看 a rise上升 of romantic浪漫 love.
283
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我们也看到了人们对浪漫爱情的追求
14:49
91 percent百分 of American美国 women妇女
and 86 percent百分 of American美国 men男人
284
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美国91%的女性和86%的男性
并不会因为对方具有自己心中的所有品质而结婚
14:53
would not marry结婚 somebody谁
who had every一切 single单 quality质量
285
869036
4603
14:58
they were looking for in a partner伙伴,
286
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1816
如果他/她们不爱对方
15:00
if they were not in love with that person人.
287
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2763
对37个国家的研究发现，世界各地的人们
15:03
People around the world世界,
in a study研究 of 37 societies社会,
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只希望与他们所爱的人结婚
15:06
want to be in love
with the person人 that they marry结婚.
289
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的确，包办婚姻已经开始淡出历史的舞台
15:10
Indeed确实, arranged安排 marriages婚姻 are
on their其 way off this braid编织 of human人的 life.
290
885946
6054
15:20
I even think that marriages婚姻
might威力 even become成为 more stable稳定
291
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2794
我认为婚姻应该变得更加的稳定
因为我们正面临着第二个巨大趋势
15:23
because of the second第二 great world世界 trend趋势.
292
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3754
第一个就是女性进入劳动力市场
15:27
The first one being存在 women妇女
moving移动 into the job工作 market市场,
293
902214
2762
15:29
the second第二 one being存在
the aging老化 world世界 population人口.
294
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第二个就是人口老龄化
15:32
They're now saying话 that in America美国,
295
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如今在美国
85岁才能被称为中年
15:35
that middle中间 age年龄 should be regarded认为
as up to age年龄 85.
296
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3651
因为，在76到85岁的这个年龄段
15:39
Because in that highest最高
age年龄 category类别 of 76 to 85,
297
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4879
40%的人们健康是没有任何问题的
15:44
as much as 40 percent百分 of people
have nothing really wrong错误 with them.
298
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3431
15:47
So we're seeing眼看 there's a real真实
extension延期 of middle中间 age年龄.
299
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3382
所以，我们看到了中年阶层队伍的扩大
15:51
For one of my books图书,
I looked看着 at divorce离婚 data数据 in 58 societies社会.
300
926714
5262
我自己的一本书里面有58个国家的离婚率统计
15:56
And as it turns圈 out, the older旧的 you get,
the less减 likely容易 you are to divorce离婚.
301
932000
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你可以发现，随着年纪的增大，离婚率也随着降低
所以现在美国的离婚率是稳定的
16:01
So the divorce离婚 rate率 right now
is stable稳定 in America美国,
302
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3601
实际上正在逐渐的降低
16:05
and it's actually其实 beginning开始 to decline下降.
303
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2334
16:07
It may可能 decline下降 some more.
304
942579
1602
未来还会继续下降
而且随着“伟哥”，“雌性激素更新”，“臀部改造”等技术的出现
16:11
I would even say that with Viagra伟哥,
305
947133
3999
16:15
estrogen雌激素 replacement替代, hip臀部 replacements替代品
306
951156
3815
女性也变得越来越有魅力
16:19
and the incredibly令人难以置信 interesting有趣 women妇女
307
954995
1981
16:21
-- women妇女 have never been
as interesting有趣 as they are now.
308
957000
3105
女性从未像现在这样有吸引力
没有哪个时期的女性像今天这样如此的有教养，有魅力和有能力
16:24
Not at any time on this planet行星
have women妇女 been so educated博学,
309
960129
3458
16:28
so interesting有趣, so capable能.
310
963611
1947
所以我非常确信，在人类进化的历史上
16:30
And so I honestly老老实实 think that if there
really was ever a time in human人的 evolution演化
311
965962
5379
最有条件创造完美婚姻的时机，就是现在！
16:36
when we have the opportunity机会 to make
good marriages婚姻, that time is now.
312
971365
3865
16:41
However然而, there's always kinds种
of complications并发症 in this.
313
976516
3201
然而，这个过程还是存在着很多复杂问题
在这三个大脑系统中性，浪漫爱情，和依赖
16:44
These three三 brain脑 systems系统
-- lust情欲, romantic浪漫 love and attachment附件 --
314
979741
4717
并不总是结合在一起的
16:49
don't always go together一起.
315
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1354
顺便说一下，它们是可以同时存在的
16:50
They can go together一起, by the way.
316
985860
1699
这就是为什么偶然的性爱也不是那么的随便的
16:52
That's why casual随便 sex性别 isn't so casual随便.
317
987583
1952
随着性高潮的到来，你的身体会释放多巴胺
16:54
With orgasm性高潮 you get a spike穗 of dopamine多巴胺.
318
989559
2269
多巴胺是和浪漫爱情联系在一起的
16:56
Dopamine's多巴胺的 associated相关 with romantic浪漫 love,
319
991852
2096
你会爱上那个刚刚和你“一夜情”的人
16:58
and you can just
fall秋季 in love with somebody谁
320
993972
2023
17:00
who you're just having有 casual随便 sex性别 with.
321
996019
1863
同时伴随性高潮，身体还会产生“后叶催产素”和“后叶加压素”
17:02
With orgasm性高潮, then you get a real真实 rush赶
of oxytocin催产素 and vasopressin加压素 --
322
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3436
这些都是与“依赖”相关的激素
17:06
those are associated相关 with attachment附件.
323
1001366
2031
这就是为什么你与别人发生关系之后，你会感觉到
17:08
This is why you can feel such这样 a sense感
of cosmic宇宙的 union联盟 with somebody谁
324
1003421
3959
自己和他/她紧紧的联系在一起
17:12
after you've made制作 love to them.
325
1007404
1849
但是这三个情感系统
17:14
But these three三 brain脑 systems系统:
lust情欲, romantic浪漫 love and attachment附件,
326
1009277
4699
17:18
aren't不 always connected连接的 to each每 other.
327
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2481
并不总会绑在一起
17:21
You can feel deep深 attachment附件
to a long-term长期 partner伙伴
328
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3251
你对相处了很久的一个伴侣有很深的依赖和责任感
同时你又强烈的爱着另外的人
17:25
while you feel intense激烈
romantic浪漫 love for somebody谁 else其他,
329
1020275
4092
同时你可能对第三个人产生性欲
17:29
while you feel the sex性别 drive驾驶 for people
unrelated无关 to these other partners伙伴.
330
1024391
5453
简单的说，我们能在同一时间爱很多人
17:35
In short短, we're capable能 of loving爱心
more than one person人 at a time.
331
1030312
5029
事实上，当我们晚上躺在床上时
17:40
In fact事实, you can lie谎言 in bed床 at night
332
1035714
1992
我们可以想着对某人的依赖感
17:42
and swing摇摆 from deep深 feelings情怀
of attachment附件 for one person人
333
1037730
3246
17:45
to deep深 feelings情怀
of romantic浪漫 love for somebody谁 else其他.
334
1041000
3432
再感受着与某人的浪漫爱情
在你头脑中仿佛在开一个小组会议
17:49
It's as if there's a committee委员会 meeting会议
going on in your head头
335
1044456
2881
因为你需要做一个选择
17:52
as you are trying试 to decide决定 what to do.
336
1047361
3127
所以我认为，人类并不是一个被创造出来享受快乐的物种
17:55
So I don't think, honestly老老实实,
337
1050512
1635
17:56
we're an animal动物
that was built内置 to be happy快乐;
338
1052171
2015
我们是一种被创造出来繁衍后代的物种
17:59
we are an animal动物
that was built内置 to reproduce复制.
339
1054210
2268
我认为幸福是我们发现，我们创造的
18:01
I think the happiness幸福 we find, we make.
340
1056502
2935
18:04
And I think, however然而,
341
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3482
我们可以和每个人建立良好的关系
18:07
we can make good relationships关系
with each每 other.
342
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2667
18:10
So I want to conclude得出结论 with two things.
343
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2105
所以我想以两件事来做总结
一件是让我担忧的事
18:12
I want to conclude得出结论 with a worry担心,
344
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2047
我有一个担忧，和一个精彩的故事
18:15
and with a wonderful精彩 story故事.
345
1070200
2929
我的担忧是关于抗抑郁药的
18:19
The worry担心 is about antidepressants抗抑郁药.
346
1074287
2689
美国每年会开出超过一亿份抗抑郁处方
18:23
Over 100 million百万 prescriptions处方
of antidepressants抗抑郁药
347
1078631
5132
18:28
are written书面 every一切 year年
in the United联合的 States状态.
348
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2821
这些药物正变得很普遍
18:31
And these drugs毒品 are going generic通用.
349
1087100
2565
18:34
They are seeping渗出 around the world世界.
350
1089689
2483
它们渗入到世界各地
我认识一个女孩从她13岁开始就在服用抗抑郁药
18:37
I know one girl女孩 who's谁是 been
on these antidepressants抗抑郁药,
351
1092743
5233
18:42
SSRIsSSRIs类药物, serotonin-enhancing血清素增强
antidepressants抗抑郁药 -- since以来 she was 13.
352
1098000
3976
一种用于提升血清素的抗抑郁药物
18:46
She's 23. She's been on them
ever since以来 she was 13.
353
1102000
2976
今年她23岁，她从13岁就开始服用这种药
18:49
I've got nothing against反对 people
who take them short短 term术语,
354
1105000
3516
我不反对那些在短期内因为遇到非常
18:53
when they're going
through通过 something horrible可怕.
355
1108540
2223
烦恼的事情而服用抗抑郁药的人
18:55
They want to commit承诺 suicide自杀
or kill杀 somebody谁 else其他.
356
1110787
2355
对那些想要自杀或者杀人的患者
我是建议他们服用的
18:57
I would recommend推荐 it.
357
1113166
1068
但是越来越多的美国人开始长时期的服用抑郁药
18:59
But more and more people
in the United联合的 States状态
358
1114258
2459
19:01
are taking服用 them long term术语.
359
1116741
2384
这些药物的作用是提高“血清素”的含量
19:03
And indeed确实, what these drugs毒品 do
is raise提高 levels水平 of serotonin血清素.
360
1119149
5365
随着血清素含量的上升，抑制了多巴胺的循环
19:09
And by raising提高 levels水平 of serotonin血清素,
you suppress压制 the dopamine多巴胺 circuit电路.
361
1124974
4821
19:14
Everybody每个人 knows知道 that.
362
1129819
1562
每个人都知道
19:16
Dopamine多巴胺 is associated相关 with romantic浪漫 love.
363
1131944
2895
多巴胺是与浪漫爱情联系的
19:21
Not only do they suppress压制
the dopamine多巴胺 circuit电路,
364
1136627
3150
抗抑郁药不仅抑制了多巴胺的产生，也使性欲下降
19:24
but they kill杀 the sex性别 drive驾驶.
365
1139801
1867
当你的性欲下降时，你将失去性高潮
19:27
And when you kill杀 the sex性别 drive驾驶,
you kill杀 orgasm性高潮.
366
1142316
3824
一旦失去性高潮，那些让你产生依赖感的激素就被遏制
19:30
And when you kill杀 orgasm性高潮,
367
1146164
1191
19:32
you kill杀 that flood洪水 of drugs毒品
associated相关 with attachment附件.
368
1147379
3867
神经系统在大脑里都是相互关联的
19:36
The things are connected连接的 in the brain脑.
369
1151712
2264
19:38
And when you tamper篡改 with one brain脑 system系统,
370
1154000
2656
其中一个大脑系统被破坏的时侯
另一个系统也将紊乱
19:41
you're going to tamper篡改 with another另一个.
371
1156680
1945
19:43
I'm just simply只是 saying话 that a world世界
without无 love is a deadly致命 place地点.
372
1159000
4754
我只想说一个没有的爱的世界是没有生机的
19:49
So now --
373
1164738
1002
所以（鼓掌）谢谢
19:50
(Applause掌声)
374
1165764
4212
19:54
Thank you.
375
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1703
我想以一个故事来结束，然后就是一句评价
19:56
I want to end结束 with a story故事.
376
1171727
1485
19:58
And then, just a comment评论.
377
1173839
1300
我对爱情，性和依赖的研究已经有30年了
20:01
I've been studying研究 romantic浪漫 love
and sex性别 and attachment附件 for 30 years年份.
378
1176741
4779
我是双胞胎，对为什么我们如此的相像很感兴趣
20:08
I'm an identical相同 twin双胞胎;
I am interested有兴趣 in why we're all alike一样.
379
1183774
3516
为什么你和我很像，为什么伊拉克人，日本人
20:12
Why you and I are alike一样,
why the Iraqis伊拉克人 and the Japanese日本
380
1187925
3051
20:15
and the Australian澳大利亚 Aborigines原住民
and the people of the Amazon亚马逊 River河
381
1191000
3000
澳大利亚土著人，和亚马孙河流域的人都是那么像
20:18
are all alike一样.
382
1194024
1000
20:20
And about a year年 ago前,
383
1195777
2309
大约一年前，一个网络婚介服务公司Match.com找到我
20:22
an Internet互联网 dating约会 service服务,
Match比赛.comCOM, came来了 to me
384
1198110
2985
想让我为他们设计一个新的约会站点
20:25
and asked问 me if I would design设计
a new新 dating约会 site现场 for them.
385
1201119
3652
20:29
I said, "I don't know anything
about personality个性. You know?
386
1204795
2802
我说：“我对性格一点都不了解，你知道吗？”
20:32
I don't know. Do you think
you've got the right person人?"
387
1207621
2720
我不确定你是否找对了人
他们回答：“是的”
20:35
They said, "Yes."
388
1210365
1040
这让我开始思考，为什么你会爱上某一个人而不是另外的人
20:36
It got me thinking思维
about why it is that you fall秋季 in love
389
1211429
3023
20:39
with one person人 rather宁 than another另一个.
390
1214476
1732
这是我目前正在研究的课题，也是我下本书的内容
20:41
That's my current当前 project项目;
it will be my next下一个 book书.
391
1216232
3443
你出于各种理由爱上某个人
20:45
There's all kinds种 of reasons原因
392
1220262
1539
20:46
that you fall秋季 in love
with one person人 rather宁 than another另一个.
393
1221825
2753
时机很重要，距离也很重要
20:49
Timing定时 is important重要.
Proximity接近 is important重要.
394
1224602
3286
神秘感很重要。你可能由于某个人很神秘而爱上他
20:52
Mystery神秘 is important重要.
395
1227912
1380
20:54
You fall秋季 in love with somebody谁
who's谁是 somewhat有些 mysterious神秘,
396
1229316
2729
因为神秘感可以使你脑中的多巴胺上升
20:56
in part部分 because mystery神秘
elevates提升 dopamine多巴胺 in the brain脑,
397
1232069
2678
让你越过那道闸门而坠入爱河
20:59
probably大概 pushes推 you
over that threshold阈 to fall秋季 in love.
398
1234771
2766
你爱上那些正好符合你“爱情地图”的人
21:02
You fall秋季 in love with somebody谁
399
1237561
1429
21:03
who fits适合 within中
what I call your "love map地图,"
400
1239014
2095
他符合你在童年时期潜意识里设定的择偶清单
21:05
an unconscious无意识 list名单 of traits性状
401
1241133
2147
21:08
that you build建立 in childhood童年
as you grow增长 up.
402
1243304
2314
我还认为，你将会被
21:10
And I also也 think
that you gravitate受引力作用 to certain某些 people,
403
1245642
3042
那些和你有互补特质的人所吸引
21:13
actually其实, with somewhat有些
complementary补充 brain脑 systems系统.
404
1248708
3268
21:16
And that's what I'm now
contributing贡献 to this.
405
1252000
2287
这就是我现在正在努力研究的课题
但是我想告诉你一个故事来说明这个问题
21:19
But I want to tell you
a story故事, to illustrate说明.
406
1254311
3665
21:22
I've been carrying携带 on here
about the biology生物学 of love.
407
1258000
2976
我在这儿谈论的是爱情的生理基础
我想再告诉你们关于文化的一些东西
21:26
I wanted to show显示 you a little bit位
about the culture文化 of it, too,
408
1261709
3687
关于爱情的魔力
21:30
the magic魔法 of it.
409
1265420
1167
21:32
It's a story故事 that was told to me
410
1268000
3349
这是一个听别人转述的故事
21:36
by somebody谁 who had
heard听说 it just from one --
411
1271373
2461
应该是一个真实的故事
21:38
probably大概 a true真正 story故事.
412
1273858
1118
是关于一个研究生的，我是Rutgers的，我的两个同事
21:41
It was a graduate毕业 student学生 --
I'm at Rutgers罗格斯 and my two colleagues同事 --
413
1276508
3468
21:44
Art艺术 Aron阿隆 is at SUNYSUNY Stony斯托尼 Brook溪.
414
1280000
1976
Art Aaron 是 SUNY Stonybrook的
21:46
That's where we put our people
in the MRIMRI machine机.
415
1282000
2371
就是我们为那些人做核磁共振扫描的地方
21:49
And this graduate毕业 student学生 was madly发狂
in love with another另一个 graduate毕业 student学生,
416
1285000
4563
这个研究生疯狂的爱上了另外一个研究生
但是那个女生并不爱他
21:54
and she was not in love with him.
417
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2373
后来他们一起去参加一个在北京的研讨会
21:58
And they were
all at a conference会议 in Beijing北京.
418
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他从我们的工作中得知，如果你与某人一起做一些非常新鲜的事，
22:01
And he knew知道 from our work
419
1296485
3034
22:04
that if you go and do something
very novel小说 with somebody谁,
420
1299543
4408
可以使那人脑中的多巴胺值上升
22:08
you can drive驾驶 up
the dopamine多巴胺 in the brain脑,
421
1303975
2001
22:10
and perhaps也许 trigger触发 this brain脑
system系统 for romantic浪漫 love.
422
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这样就很可能引致浪漫爱情的出现（大笑）
22:14
(Laughter笑声)
423
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因此他决定把科学应用到实践中去
22:16
So he decided决定 he'd他会 put science科学 to work.
424
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3886
所以他约这个女孩一起坐黄包车
22:21
And he invited邀请 this girl女孩 to go off
on a rickshaw黄包车 ride骑 with him.
425
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3334
22:25
And sure enough足够 -- I've never been in one,
426
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2069
我自己从来没做过黄包车
22:27
but apparently显然地 they go
all around the buses公共汽车 and the trucks卡车
427
1322902
2738
他们穿梭于巴士和卡车之间
非常的疯狂，非常的嘈杂也非常的刺激
22:30
and it's crazy疯 and it's noisy嘈杂
and it's exciting扣人心弦.
428
1325664
2818
男生觉得这样会增加女孩脑中的多巴胺
22:33
He figured想通 that this would drive驾驶 up
the dopamine多巴胺,
429
1328506
2286
使女孩子爱上他
22:35
and she'd棚 fall秋季 in love with him.
430
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1532
一路上，那个女孩兴奋的叫着，靠着他
22:37
So off they go and she's squealing尖叫
and squeezing挤压 him
431
1332372
4974
愉悦享受着美好的时光
22:42
and laughing笑 and having有 a wonderful精彩 time.
432
1337370
2517
22:44
An hour小时 later后来 they get down
off of the rickshaw黄包车,
433
1339911
3539
一小时后他们下了黄包车
22:48
and she throws投 her hands手 up and she says说,
434
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3580
那个女孩举起她的双手问道：“太刺激了，感觉太好了!”
22:51
"Wasn't不 that wonderful精彩?"
435
1347078
2312
“那个车夫好帅哦！”
22:54
And, "Wasn't不 that rickshaw黄包车
driver司机 handsome英俊!"
436
1349414
3414
22:57
(Laughter笑声)
437
1352852
3069
（大笑）（鼓掌）
23:00
(Applause掌声)
438
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6031
23:06
There's magic魔法 to love!
439
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这就是爱情的魔力
23:07
(Applause掌声)
440
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1611
在结束时我要说，在百万年前，人类就发展出三个大脑系统
23:09
But I will end结束 by saying话
that millions百万 of years年份 ago前,
441
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3620
23:13
we evolved进化 three三 basic基本 drives驱动器:
442
1368465
2332
性欲，爱情和对长期伴侣的依赖
23:15
the sex性别 drive驾驶, romantic浪漫 love
443
1370821
2519
23:18
and attachment附件 to a long-term长期 partner伙伴.
444
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2340
这些循环系统深深扎根于人类的大脑中
23:20
These circuits电路 are deeply深
embedded嵌入式 in the human人的 brain脑.
445
1375728
3079
它们将与人类一起长期共存
23:24
They're going to survive生存
as long as our species种类 survives生存
446
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这就是莎士比亚说的“尘世的烦恼”
23:28
on what Shakespeare莎士比亚 called叫
"this mortal凡人 coil盘."
447
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谢谢。
23:31
Thank you.
448
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1006
23:32
Chris克里斯 Anderson安德森: Helen海伦 Fisher费舍尔!
449
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23:33
(Applause掌声)
450
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1063
Translated by melody lam
Reviewed by tian zeng

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Helen Fisher - Anthropologist, expert on love
Anthropologist Helen Fisher studies gender differences and the evolution of human emotions. She’s best known as an expert on romantic love.

Why you should listen

Fisher's several books lay bare the mysteries of our most treasured emotion: its evolution, its biochemical foundations and its vital importance to human society. Fisher describes love as a universal human drive (stronger than the sex drive; stronger than thirst or hunger; stronger perhaps than the will to live), and her many areas of inquiry shed light on timeless human mysteries like why we choose one partner over another. Her classic study, Anatomy of Love, first published in 1992, has just been re-issued in a fully updated edition, including her recent neuroimaging research on lust, romantic love and attachment as well as discussions of sexting, hooking up, friends with benefits, other contemporary trends in courtship and marriage, and a dramatic current trend she calls “slow love.”

More profile about the speaker
Helen Fisher | Speaker | TED.com
THE ORIGINAL VIDEO ON TED.COM