TED2013
Michael Green: Why we should build wooden skyscrapers
Michael Green: Michael Green: Why we should build wooden skyscrapers
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
1,360,251 views
盖一栋摩天大楼？建筑师Michael Green奉劝我们忘掉钢筋水泥...用木头吧！在他巨细靡遗的演说中我们看到,这木头建筑不但安全甚至还可以达到30层楼高（他希望可以更高). 但最重要的事,木头摩天楼是必要的.
Michael Green - Architect
Michael Green wants to solve architecture’s biggest challenge -- meeting worldwide housing demand without increasing carbon emissions -- by building with carbon-sequestering wood instead of concrete and steel. Full bio
Michael Green wants to solve architecture’s biggest challenge -- meeting worldwide housing demand without increasing carbon emissions -- by building with carbon-sequestering wood instead of concrete and steel. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This is my grandfather.
0
1342
2820
这是我的爷爷
00:16
And this is my son.
1
4162
2344
这是我的儿子
00:18
My grandfather taught me to work with wood
2
6506
2228
我爷爷教了我做木工活儿
00:20
when I was a little boy,
3
8734
1634
在我还是个小男孩的时候
00:22
and he also taught me the idea that
4
10368
2003
他还教给我这样一个观念：
00:24
if you cut down a tree to turn it into something,
5
12371
2909
如果你砍下一棵树要把它做成什么东西，
00:27
honor that tree's life and make it as beautiful
6
15280
2279
尊重这棵树的生命，并且尽可能
00:29
as you possibly can.
7
17559
2150
把这个东西做得漂亮
00:31
My little boy reminded me
8
19709
3512
我的儿子让我想到
00:35
that for all the technology and all the toys in the world,
9
23221
2879
世界上所有的技术，所有的玩具
00:38
sometimes just a small block of wood,
10
26100
2390
甚至有时候就一小块木头
00:40
if you stack it up tall,
11
28490
1831
如果你把它堆高
00:42
actually is an incredibly inspiring thing.
12
30321
4083
就会变成不可思议的振奋人心的事
00:46
These are my buildings.
13
34404
1837
这些是我的建筑作品
00:48
I build all around the world
14
36241
1720
我建造的房屋遍布世界
00:49
out of our office in Vancouver and New York.
15
37961
2832
它们都来自我们在温哥华和纽约的工作室
00:52
And we build buildings of different sizes and styles
16
40793
2761
我们建造不同大小，不同风格的房子
00:55
and different materials, depending on where we are.
17
43554
2026
用不同的材料，看我们在哪儿造房子
00:57
But wood is the material that I love the most,
18
45580
2283
但是木头是我最喜爱的材料
00:59
and I'm going to tell you the story about wood.
19
47863
1955
接下来我会和你们说说木头的故事
01:01
And part of the reason I love it is that every time
20
49818
1996
我喜欢木头的部分原因是每次
01:03
people go into my buildings that are wood,
21
51814
2293
人们走进我用木头造的房子时
01:06
I notice they react completely differently.
22
54107
2746
我注意到他们的反应是完全不同于走进其他房子的
01:08
I've never seen anybody walk into one of my buildings
23
56853
2500
我从未见过任何人走进我的建筑
01:11
and hug a steel or a concrete column,
24
59353
2401
拥抱钢筋或水泥柱
01:13
but I've actually seen that happen in a wood building.
25
61754
2900
但是我看过他们拥抱木材建筑
01:16
I've actually seen how people touch the wood,
26
64654
2496
我亲眼看过人们触摸那些木头
01:19
and I think there's a reason for it.
27
67150
2085
我认为这是有原因的
01:21
Just like snowflakes, no two pieces of wood
28
69235
2506
就想雪花一样，地球上任何地方
01:23
can ever be the same anywhere on Earth.
29
71741
2684
没有两块木头是一样的
01:26
That's a wonderful thing.
30
74425
1897
这太奇妙了！
01:28
I like to think that wood
31
76322
2536
我想木头
01:30
gives Mother Nature fingerprints in our buildings.
32
78858
3561
让我们的房子有大自然的印记
01:34
It's Mother Nature's fingerprints that make
33
82419
2086
建筑的自然特征
01:36
our buildings connect us to nature in the built environment.
34
84505
4646
把我们和自然结合在人为建筑环境里
01:41
Now, I live in Vancouver, near a forest
35
89151
2062
现在，我住在温哥华，靠近
01:43
that grows to 33 stories tall.
36
91213
3077
33层楼高的树林
01:46
Down the coast here in California, the redwood forest
37
94290
2491
沿着海岸到加利福尼亚，红木林
01:48
grows to 40 stories tall.
38
96781
3109
长到40层楼高
01:51
But the buildings that we think about in wood
39
99890
2642
但是全球用木头做的建筑
01:54
are only four stories tall in most places on Earth.
40
102532
3105
大多数只有四层高
01:57
Even building codes actually limit the ability for us to build
41
105637
3721
尽管在很多地方，建筑规则限制了我们
02:01
much taller than four stories in many places,
42
109358
2383
建超过四层高
02:03
and that's true here in the United States.
43
111741
1872
美国就是如此
02:05
Now there are exceptions,
44
113613
1980
现在对此有一些异议
02:07
but there needs to be some exceptions,
45
115593
1548
但的确需要有异议
02:09
and things are going to change, I'm hoping.
46
117141
1971
和要改变的事，我希望
02:11
And the reason I think that way is that
47
119112
2074
我这样想是因为
02:13
today half of us live in cities,
48
121186
3124
今天有一半的人住在城市
02:16
and that number is going to grow to 75 percent.
49
124310
3388
但将来一半会增到75%
02:19
Cities and density mean that our buildings
50
127698
2086
城市和人口密度的增加意味着我们的建筑
02:21
are going to continue to be big,
51
129784
2445
将来依然会很大
02:24
and I think there's a role for wood to play in cities.
52
132229
3818
而我认为木头在城市必不可少
02:28
And I feel that way because three billion people
53
136047
3156
我这样认为是因为想到当今世界的30亿人
02:31
in the world today, over the next 20 years,
54
139203
2846
在20年后
02:34
will need a new home.
55
142049
1520
将需要新的家
02:35
That's 40 percent of the world that are going to need
56
143569
1699
就是说全球40%人口
02:37
a new building built for them in the next 20 years.
57
145268
3934
在20年内需要新的房子
02:41
Now, one in three people living in cities today
58
149202
2575
现在，事实上有1/3住在城市的人
02:43
actually live in a slum.
59
151777
1850
是住在贫民窟
02:45
That's one billion people in the world live in slums.
60
153627
3341
相当于全球有10亿人住在贫民窟
02:48
A hundred million people in the world are homeless.
61
156968
4321
而世界上还有一亿人是无家可归的
02:53
The scale of the challenge for architects
62
161289
2591
建筑师和社会要面对的
02:55
and for society to deal with in building
63
163880
2141
巨大建筑挑战
02:58
is to find a solution to house these people.
64
166021
4594
是为这些人找到安身之处
03:02
But the challenge is, as we move to cities,
65
170615
3480
但我们迁移到城市的挑战是
03:06
cities are built in these two materials,
66
174095
2989
城市是由两种材料构成的
03:09
steel and concrete, and they're great materials.
67
177084
3246
钢筋和混凝土，这些是很好的材料
03:12
They're the materials of the last century.
68
180330
2102
它们是上个世纪最伟大的材料
03:14
But they're also materials with very high energy
69
182432
2589
但这些材料在生产中也有很高的能源消耗
03:17
and very high greenhouse gas emissions in their process.
70
185021
4319
和温室气体排放量
03:21
Steel represents about three percent
71
189340
2275
钢筋占了3%的
03:23
of man's greenhouse gas emissions,
72
191615
2320
人类温室气体排放量
03:25
and concrete is over five percent.
73
193935
2601
混凝土占了超过5%
03:28
So if you think about that, eight percent
74
196536
2614
所以这样算的话，现在
03:31
of our contribution to greenhouse gases today
75
199150
3417
我们产生温室气体中的8%
03:34
comes from those two materials alone.
76
202567
3168
仅来自于这两种材料
03:37
We don't think about it a lot, and unfortunately,
77
205735
2416
我们不怎么这样思考，更不幸的是
03:40
we actually don't even think about buildings, I think,
78
208151
2302
我认为，我们甚至根本没把建筑
03:42
as much as we should.
79
210453
1200
放在眼里
03:43
This is a U.S. statistic about the impact of greenhouse gases.
80
211653
3914
这是关于温室气体效应在美国的统计
03:47
Almost half of our greenhouse gases are related to the building industry,
81
215567
3266
几乎一半的的温室气体和建筑业有关
03:50
and if we look at energy, it's the same story.
82
218833
2287
在能源方面也是同样
03:53
You'll notice that transportation's sort of second down that list,
83
221120
3100
你会发现，交通运输其实在这些方面排在第二
03:56
but that's the conversation we mostly hear about.
84
224220
2757
但我们最常听到谈论交通
03:58
And although a lot of that is about energy,
85
226977
3566
尽管大多是只是关于能源
04:02
it's also so much about carbon.
86
230543
2881
但它也关系到碳
04:05
The problem I see is that, ultimately,
87
233424
2983
我认为最终的问题是
04:08
the clash of how we solve that problem
88
236407
2307
如何解决
04:10
of serving those three billion people that need a home,
89
238714
3268
30亿人住房需求
04:13
and climate change, are a head-on collision
90
241982
3472
和气候改变的冲突将会很尖锐
04:17
about to happen, or already happening.
91
245454
2953
或者说已经很尖锐
04:20
That challenge means that we have to start thinking in new ways,
92
248407
2711
这挑战要我们必须开始思考新的方法
04:23
and I think wood is going to be part of that solution,
93
251118
2507
我认为木材将会是一个出路
04:25
and I'm going to tell you the story of why.
94
253625
1586
下面我将讲我的理由
04:27
As an architect, wood is the only material,
95
255211
2504
作为建筑师，木材是唯一的
04:29
big material, that I can build with
96
257715
2415
够大的，我能用来建筑的，
04:32
that's already grown by the power of the sun.
97
260130
2970
已经依靠太阳能生长好的材料
04:35
When a tree grows in the forest and gives off oxygen
98
263100
3778
当一棵树长在森林，放出氧气
04:38
and soaks up carbon dioxide,
99
266878
2097
吸入二氧化碳，
04:40
and it dies and it falls to the forest floor,
100
268975
2966
死亡，倒在树林里
04:43
it gives that carbon dioxide back to the atmosphere or into the ground.
101
271941
4305
它把二氧化碳又还回大气或者大地
04:48
If it burns in a forest fire, it's going to give that carbon
102
276246
2970
如果它在森林火灾中着火，它也把碳
04:51
back to the atmosphere as well.
103
279216
2436
还回了大气
04:53
But if you take that wood and you put it into a building
104
281652
3044
但如果取了木材用在建筑里
04:56
or into a piece of furniture or into that wooden toy,
105
284696
3336
或者家具里，或者玩具里
05:00
it actually has an amazing capacity
106
288032
1675
它事实上有了存储碳的神奇能力
05:01
to store the carbon and provide us with a sequestration.
107
289707
4171
并提供给我们缓冲保存期
05:05
One cubic meter of wood will store
108
293878
3279
一立方米的木材将存储
05:09
one tonne of carbon dioxide.
109
297157
2766
一顿的二氧化碳
05:11
Now our two solutions to climate are obviously
110
299923
2156
现在我们解决气候问题的两个明显方法是
05:14
to reduce our emissions and find storage.
111
302079
2595
减少排放和找到存储介质
05:16
Wood is the only major material building material
112
304674
2195
木材是我能使用的唯一
05:18
I can build with that actually does both those two things.
113
306869
3763
可以满足这两个方面的主要建筑材料
05:22
So I believe that we have
114
310632
3101
所以我认为，既然我们遵从
05:25
an ethic that the Earth grows our food,
115
313733
2552
地球给我们生长食物的准则
05:28
and we need to move to an ethic in this century
116
316285
1938
在这个世纪，我们要遵从
05:30
that the Earth should grow our homes.
117
318223
3006
地球给我们生长房子的准则
05:33
Now, how are we going to do that
118
321229
1569
现在，我们如何做到这一点
05:34
when we're urbanizing at this rate
119
322798
1290
在这样高速城市化的时代
05:36
and we think about wood buildings only at four stories?
120
324088
2600
而且我们只把木头建筑局限在四层
05:38
We need to reduce the concrete and steel and we need
121
326688
2419
我们需要减少混凝土和钢筋，我们需要
05:41
to grow bigger, and what we've been working on
122
329107
1825
种植更大的树，我们已经在设计建造
05:42
is 30-story tall buildings made of wood.
123
330932
4820
30层高的木头建筑
05:47
We've been engineering them with an engineer
124
335752
3598
我们已经和一个工程师，
05:51
named Eric Karsh who works with me on it,
125
339350
2450
Eric Karsh，开始了设计模拟
05:53
and we've been doing this new work because
126
341800
2313
我们开始这项新项目是因为
05:56
there are new wood products out there for us to use,
127
344113
2545
刚好有新的木材供我们使用
05:58
and we call them mass timber panels.
128
346658
2222
我们把它们叫做大规模木板
06:00
These are panels made with young trees,
129
348880
2323
这些木板由新树，
06:03
small growth trees, small pieces of wood
130
351203
3642
小树做成。小的木头
06:06
glued together to make panels that are enormous:
131
354845
2519
粘在一起做成巨大的板
06:09
eight feet wide, 64 feet long, and of various thicknesses.
132
357364
4355
有8英尺宽，64英尺长和各种宽度
06:13
The way I describe this best, I've found, is to say
133
361719
3139
我发现到最好的描述方法是，比如说，
06:16
that we're all used to two-by-four construction
134
364858
2043
我们都会想到了2乘4木块
06:18
when we think about wood.
135
366901
1007
当我们想到木头时
06:19
That's what people jump to as a conclusion.
136
367908
2539
这是人们通常得到的结论
06:22
Two-by-four construction is sort of like the little
137
370447
1872
2乘4木块就像
06:24
eight-dot bricks of Lego that we all played with as kids,
138
372319
2631
我们小时候玩的乐高小八点积木
06:26
and you can make all kinds of cool things out of Lego
139
374950
3045
你可以做出各种很酷的东西，就用乐高
06:29
at that size, and out of two-by-fours.
140
377995
2919
那么小的方块，或者2乘4木块
06:32
But do remember when you were a kid,
141
380914
868
但是记住当你是小孩的时候，
06:33
and you kind of sifted through the pile in your basement,
142
381782
1761
你找遍地下室的堆积物
06:35
and you found that big 24-dot brick of Lego,
143
383543
3112
然后找到大的乐高24点积木
06:38
and you were kind of like,
144
386655
835
你会想
06:39
"Cool, this is awesome. I can build something really big,
145
387490
2154
酷，太棒了，我可以堆些大东西了
06:41
and this is going to be great."
146
389644
1579
将会很棒
06:43
That's the change.
147
391223
1343
这就是改变
06:44
Mass timber panels are those 24-dot bricks.
148
392566
2946
大规模木板就是那些24点积木
06:47
They're changing the scale of what we can do,
149
395512
1701
它们改变我们能做的事的规模
06:49
and what we've developed is something we call FFTT,
150
397213
2673
我们已经开放的项目叫FFTT
06:51
which is a Creative Commons solution
151
399886
2454
这是一个创造性的公共解决方案
06:54
to building a very flexible system
152
402340
4915
是为了建立一个很灵活的系统
06:59
of building with these large panels where we tilt up
153
407255
2683
我们可以用这些大木板
07:01
six stories at a time if we want to.
154
409938
3859
一下建起6层楼，如果我们想的话。
07:05
This animation shows you how the building goes together
155
413797
3616
这个动画展示了如何简单地组合这样的建筑
07:09
in a very simple way, but these buildings are available
156
417413
3556
但这些建筑现在已经可以供给
07:12
for architects and engineers now to build on
157
420969
2253
建筑师和工程师来建造
07:15
for different cultures in the world,
158
423222
1321
满足世界不同文化
07:16
different architectural styles and characters.
159
424543
2603
不同建筑风格和特色的建筑
07:19
In order for us to build safely,
160
427146
3220
为了我们的建筑安全
07:22
we've engineered these buildings, actually,
161
430366
2200
事实上，我们已经模拟设计了这种楼
07:24
to work in a Vancouver context,
162
432566
1720
能适合温哥华
07:26
where we're a high seismic zone,
163
434286
1517
多震的环境
07:27
even at 30 stories tall.
164
435803
3202
最高有30层
07:31
Now obviously, every time I bring this up,
165
439005
1922
现在很明显地，每次我提到这
07:32
people even, you know, here at the conference, say,
166
440927
1964
比如现在在会场，大家会说
07:34
"Are you serious? Thirty stories? How's that going to happen?"
167
442891
2887
“你不是开玩笑吧？30层？怎么可能？”
07:37
And there's a lot of really good questions that are asked
168
445778
3497
我们被问了很多很好的问题
07:41
and important questions that we spent quite a long time
169
449275
1807
还有些重要的问题让我们花了很长时间才回答
07:43
working on the answers to as we put together
170
451082
2379
这些就发生在我们总结
07:45
our report and the peer reviewed report.
171
453461
2573
我们的报告和专家评审报告时
07:48
I'm just going to focus on a few of them,
172
456034
1584
我打算讲其中的几个
07:49
and let's start with fire, because I think fire
173
457618
1509
从火灾隐患将其，因为我想火
07:51
is probably the first one that you're all thinking about right now.
174
459127
2699
大概是大家都想到的第一个隐患
07:53
Fair enough.
175
461826
1119
很好
07:54
And the way I describe it is this.
176
462945
1693
这么说吧
07:56
If I asked you to take a match and light it
177
464638
2195
如果我让你拿起一根火柴点燃
07:58
and hold up a log and try to get that log to go on fire,
178
466833
3988
再拿起一节原木干并试着把它点燃
08:02
it doesn't happen, right? We all know that.
179
470821
1799
做不到，是不是？我们都知道这个常识
08:04
But to build a fire, you kind of start with small pieces
180
472620
2773
但是引发一个火灾，通常是从小片的
08:07
of wood and you work your way up,
181
475393
1291
木头开始，然后慢慢变大
08:08
and eventually you can add the log to the fire,
182
476684
2952
最后你可以把原木干加进去
08:11
and when you do add the log to the fire, of course,
183
479636
2331
当然当你把原木加入火场
08:13
it burns, but it burns slowly.
184
481967
2654
它立马就燃烧了，但是很慢
08:16
Well, mass timber panels, these new products
185
484621
1850
那么，大规模木板，我们用的新材料
08:18
that we're using, are much like the log.
186
486471
2517
就像这原木干
08:20
It's hard to start them on fire, and when they do,
187
488988
2695
它们很难被引燃，即便要着火，
08:23
they actually burn extraordinarily predictably,
188
491683
2617
它们事实上是特别易预测地
08:26
and we can use fire science in order to predict
189
494300
2352
我们可以用防火学来预测
08:28
and make these buildings as safe as concrete
190
496652
2064
这样这些建筑就和混凝土一样安全
08:30
and as safe as steel.
191
498716
2644
和钢筋一样安全
08:33
The next big issue, deforestation.
192
501360
2765
下一个大问题，毁坏树林
08:36
Eighteen percent of our contribution
193
504125
2470
全球18%的
08:38
to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide
194
506595
2085
温室气体排放
08:40
is the result of deforestation.
195
508680
1404
源于滥砍滥伐
08:42
The last thing we want to do is cut down trees.
196
510084
3539
砍伐树木是我们最不愿做的事
08:45
Or, the last thing we want to do is cut down the wrong trees.
197
513623
4197
或者说，砍伐错误的树木是我们最不愿做的
08:49
There are models for sustainable forestry
198
517820
2942
已经有可持续林业学的模型
08:52
that allow us to cut trees properly,
199
520762
2171
来指导我们正确地采伐
08:54
and those are the only trees appropriate
200
522933
1640
这些只是适合
08:56
to use for these kinds of systems.
201
524573
1721
我们建筑系统的树木
08:58
Now I actually think that these ideas
202
526294
2418
现在我想这些想法
09:00
will change the economics of deforestation.
203
528712
3578
将会改变滥伐森林的经济观
09:04
In countries with deforestation issues,
204
532290
2101
在有滥伐森林问题的国家
09:06
we need to find a way to provide
205
534391
2484
我们需要找到赋予
09:08
better value for the forest
206
536875
2466
树林更高价值的方法
09:11
and actually encourage people to make money
207
539341
2384
并鼓励大家通过
09:13
through very fast growth cycles --
208
541725
1878
更快的生长周期来赚钱
09:15
10-, 12-, 15-year-old trees that make these products
209
543603
2971
10,12,15年的树适合我们的生产要求
09:18
and allow us to build at this scale.
210
546574
2399
也满足我们的构造尺度
09:20
We've calculated a 20-story building:
211
548973
2201
我们计算过一个20层楼：
09:23
We'll grow enough wood in North America every 13 minutes.
212
551174
3287
在北美，每13分钟就可以生长出足够的木材
09:26
That's how much it takes.
213
554461
2442
这就是所需要的
09:28
The carbon story here is a really good one.
214
556903
2769
这种碳楼房真的非常好
09:31
If we built a 20-story building out of cement and concrete,
215
559672
3602
如果我们用水泥混凝土建20层楼的建筑
09:35
the process would result in the manufacturing
216
563274
2473
这过程将需要生产水泥
09:37
of that cement and 1,200 tonnes of carbon dioxide.
217
565747
3965
还产出1200吨二氧化碳
09:41
If we did it in wood, in this solution,
218
569712
2304
如果我们用上面提的木材
09:44
we'd sequester about 3,100 tonnes,
219
572016
1903
我们将储存3100吨
09:45
for a net difference of 4,300 tonnes.
220
573919
2700
相当于总共减少4300吨
09:48
That's the equivalent of about 900 cars
221
576619
2677
这相当于一年从路上
09:51
removed from the road in one year.
222
579296
2737
少了900辆车
09:54
Think back to that three billion people
223
582033
1732
再回到30亿
09:55
that need a new home,
224
583765
1389
需要一个新家的人
09:57
and maybe this is a contributor to reducing.
225
585154
3072
这会大大减少消耗
10:00
We're at the beginning of a revolution, I hope,
226
588226
2681
我希望我们正在建筑业大变革的起点
10:02
in the way we build, because this is the first new way
227
590907
2050
因为这是100年甚至更长时间内第一个新的
10:04
to build a skyscraper in probably 100 years or more.
228
592957
4975
建造摩天楼的方法
10:09
But the challenge is changing society's perception
229
597932
2523
但是挑战是改变社会对于这个方法可能性的认知
10:12
of possibility, and it's a huge challenge.
230
600455
1908
这是非常大的挑战
10:14
The engineering is, truthfully, the easy part of this.
231
602363
3625
实话说，工程方面是简单的部分
10:17
And the way I describe it is this.
232
605988
2017
可以这样理解这个问题
10:20
The first skyscraper, technically --
233
608005
2160
严格说第一个摩天楼——
10:22
and the definition of a skyscraper is 10 stories tall, believe it or not —
234
610165
2550
按照10层楼高的定义，信不信由你——
10:24
but the first skyscraper was this one in Chicago,
235
612715
2280
第一个摩天楼就是这座在芝加哥的楼
10:26
and people were terrified to walk underneath this building.
236
614995
3033
人们当时被吓得不敢在这楼下走
10:30
But only four years after it was built,
237
618028
1940
但是仅在建好的四年后
10:31
Gustave Eiffel was building the Eiffel Tower,
238
619968
2626
埃菲尔（Gustave Eiffel）正建埃菲尔铁塔
10:34
and as he built the Eiffel Tower,
239
622594
1494
当埃菲尔建好埃菲尔铁塔
10:36
he changed the skylines of the cities of the world,
240
624088
4709
他改变了世界的城市建筑群景观
10:40
changed and created a competition
241
628797
3072
改变也创造了城市间的竞争
10:43
between places like New York City and Chicago,
242
631869
2167
比如纽约和芝加哥
10:46
where developers started building bigger and bigger buildings
243
634036
2791
开发商开始建越来越大的楼
10:48
and pushing the envelope up higher and higher
244
636827
3467
把限度提的越来越高
10:52
with better and better engineering.
245
640294
2100
还有越来越好的工程设计
10:54
We built this model in New York, actually,
246
642394
2034
实际上，我们在纽约建造了这个模型
10:56
as a theoretical model on the campus
247
644428
2787
作为一个将建的科技大学
10:59
of a technical university soon to come,
248
647215
2348
的校园理论模型
11:01
and the reason we picked this site
249
649563
1851
我们选这个地点
11:03
to just show you what these buildings may look like,
250
651414
2737
只是要展示给你这些建筑大概会是什么样子
11:06
because the exterior can change.
251
654151
1787
因为外观还会改变
11:07
It's really just the structure that we're talking about.
252
655938
2733
这仅是我们正在讨论的结构
11:10
The reason we picked it is because this is a technical university,
253
658671
2601
我选它的原因是这是个科技大学
11:13
and I believe that wood is the most
254
661272
2408
我相信木头是
11:15
technologically advanced material I can build with.
255
663680
3640
我能用的技术上最先进的材料
11:19
It just happens to be that Mother Nature holds the patent,
256
667320
2801
就碰巧大自然母亲拥有这项专利
11:22
and we don't really feel comfortable with it.
257
670121
2691
我们其实有些不满这点
11:24
But that's the way it should be,
258
672812
1844
但这就是它应该是的样子
11:26
nature's fingerprints in the built environment.
259
674656
3795
在建筑环境中拥有自然的特征
11:30
I'm looking for this opportunity
260
678451
1919
我期待这个机会
11:32
to create an Eiffel Tower moment, we call it.
261
680370
3190
我们称为创建埃菲尔铁塔瞬间的机会
11:35
Buildings are starting to go up around the world.
262
683560
2040
木材建筑整正开始在世界各地建起
11:37
There's a building in London that's nine stories,
263
685600
1881
现在在伦敦有一个9层的
11:39
a new building that just finished in Australia
264
687481
2383
在澳大利亚刚建好
11:41
that I believe is 10 or 11.
265
689864
1957
一个约10或11层的木楼
11:43
We're starting to push the height up of these wood buildings,
266
691821
3547
我们正开始提高木材建筑的高度
11:47
and we're hoping, and I'm hoping,
267
695368
1805
我们希望，我也希望
11:49
that my hometown of Vancouver actually potentially
268
697173
3012
我的温哥华故乡可以
11:52
announces the world's tallest at around 20 stories
269
700185
2670
有世界上最高的，约20层高的木楼
11:54
in the not-so-distant future.
270
702855
2683
在不远的将来
11:57
That Eiffel Tower moment will break the ceiling,
271
705538
2730
埃菲尔铁塔时刻将会打破限制
12:00
these arbitrary ceilings of height,
272
708268
1668
高度的强制限制
12:01
and allow wood buildings to join the competition.
273
709936
2715
让木材建筑加入这个竞争
12:04
And I believe the race is ultimately on.
274
712651
1965
我相信这个比赛最终开始了
12:06
Thank you.
275
714616
1450
谢谢大家
12:08
(Applause)
276
716066
5262
（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Michael Green - ArchitectMichael Green wants to solve architecture’s biggest challenge -- meeting worldwide housing demand without increasing carbon emissions -- by building with carbon-sequestering wood instead of concrete and steel.
Why you should listen
Michael Green is calling for rapid systemic change in the way we build. To end the global housing and climate crises, we need to get past innovation-stifling regulations and well-meaning but misguided ideas popularized by mainstream media. His proposal: Forget steel, straw, concrete, shipping containers, and rammed earth. Use wood to erect urban skyscrapers. “When the Eiffel Tower was built, nobody thought it could be done. Now it’s a symbol of Paris,” Green told the Vancouver Sun. “Projects like it really triggered an innovation on how cities were built. Man moves by innovation and [by] aiming for the moon.”
Green, whose projects range from retail boutiques and housing in North America to a sustainable community in Asia, explores the plausibility of tall wood buildings -- the costs, benefits, and engineering challenges -- in an extensive 2012 white paper. The TED Talent Search winner also teaches and mentors at the University of British Columbia’s School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA).
More profile about the speakerGreen, whose projects range from retail boutiques and housing in North America to a sustainable community in Asia, explores the plausibility of tall wood buildings -- the costs, benefits, and engineering challenges -- in an extensive 2012 white paper. The TED Talent Search winner also teaches and mentors at the University of British Columbia’s School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA).
Michael Green | Speaker | TED.com