ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jim Yong Kim - President, World Bank Group
Jim Yong Kim is leading a global effort to end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity.

Why you should listen

Jim Yong Kim is the 12th president of the World Bank Group. Soon after he assumed his position in July 2012, the organization established two goals to guide its work: to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity, focusing on the bottom 40 percent of the population in developing countries. In September 2016, the World Bank Group Board unanimously reappointed Kim to a second five-year term as president.

During his first term, the World Bank Group supported the development priorities of countries at levels never seen outside a financial crisis and, with its partners, achieved two successive, record replenishments of the World Bank Group’s fund for the poorest. The institution also launched several innovative financial instruments, including facilities to address infrastructure needs, prevent pandemics and help the millions of people forcibly displaced from their homes by climate shocks, conflict, and violence.

Kim's career has revolved around health, education and delivering services to the poor. In 1987, he co-founded Partners In Health, a nonprofit medical organization that works in poor communities on four continents. He has received a MacArthur "genius" grant, was recognized as one of America's "25 Best Leaders" by U.S. News & World Report and was named one of TIME magazine's "100 Most Influential People in the World.

More profile about the speaker
Jim Yong Kim | Speaker | TED.com
TED2017

Jim Yong Kim: Doesn't everyone deserve a chance at a good life?

金墉: 每个人都应有生活得更好的机会

Filmed:
1,725,265 views

归功于智能手机和互联网,全球愿望的崛起前所未有。这是机遇,还是挫折?作为世界银行行长,金墉想要终结极端贫穷,促进共享繁荣。他与我们分享了机构是如何通过促进投资及冒险发展来改善贫困国家人民未来的健康状况及经济发展的。
- President, World Bank Group
Jim Yong Kim is leading a global effort to end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I just want to share分享 with you
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想与你们分享
00:14
what I have been experiencing经历
over the last five years年份
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在过去的五年中
00:16
in having the great privilege特权 of traveling旅行
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有幸去到
00:19
to many许多 of the poorest最穷
countries国家 in the world世界.
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许多贫困国家的经历
00:21
This scene现场 is one
I see all the time everywhere到处,
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在各地都可以见到这一幕
00:25
and these young年轻 children孩子
are looking at a smartphone手机,
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这些年幼的孩子正盯着一部智能手机
00:28
and the smartphone手机 is having a huge巨大 impact碰撞
in even the poorest最穷 countries国家.
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即使是在最贫困的国家中,智能手机也有极大的影响力
00:33
I said to my team球队, you know,
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我对我的团队说,你们知道吗?
00:34
what I see is a rise上升 in aspirations愿望
all over the world世界.
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我看到的是世界各地愈发强烈的愿望
00:38
In fact事实, it seems似乎 to me
that there's a convergence收敛 of aspirations愿望.
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实际上,在我看来,人们的愿望正在趋于统一
00:42
And I asked a team球队 of economists经济学家
to actually其实 look into this.
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我与一众经济学家仔细研究了这一现象
00:46
Is this true真正?
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这是事实吗?
00:47
Are aspirations愿望 converging收敛
all around the world世界?
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世界各地的愿望正在统一?
00:50
So they looked看着 at things like Gallup盖洛普 polls民意调查
about satisfaction满意 in life
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因此,他们安排了类似盖洛普民意测验的测试来调查人们的生活满意度
00:54
and what they learned学到了 was
that if you have access访问 to the internet互联网,
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研究发现,如果可以访问互联网
00:59
your satisfaction满意 goes up.
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人们的满意度就会有所提高
01:01
But another另一个 thing happens发生
that's very important重要:
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与此同时,另一件重要的事情是:
01:04
your reference参考 income收入,
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你的参考收入
01:06
the income收入 to which哪一个 you compare比较 your own拥有,
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与你自身收入相对比的收入
01:08
also goes up.
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也在提高
01:10
Now, if the reference参考 income收入
of a nation国家, for example,
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如果一个国家的参考收入相比于外界提高了10%
01:13
goes up 10 percent百分
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01:15
by comparing比较 themselves他们自己 to the outside,
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那么人均收入至少要提高5%才能维持同样的满意度
01:17
then on average平均,
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01:19
people's人们 own拥有 incomes收入
have to go up at least最小 five percent百分
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01:22
to maintain保持 the same相同
level水平 of satisfaction满意.
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01:25
But when you get down
into the lower降低 percentiles百分 of income收入,
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不过,当你的收入较低时
01:29
your income收入 has to go up much more
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你的收入需要提高更多
01:31
if the reference参考 income收入
goes up 10 percent百分,
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当参考收入提高10%时
01:33
something like 20 percent百分.
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你的收入可能需要提高20%
01:35
And so with this rise上升 of aspirations愿望,
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随着人们愿望加强
01:37
the fundamental基本的 question is:
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根本问题在于
01:39
Are we going to have a situation情况
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我们是否能提供一个大环境
01:41
where aspirations愿望
are linked关联 to opportunity机会
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愿望与机遇并存
01:44
and you get dynamism力度 and economic经济 growth发展,
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是否能充满活力,维持经济增长
01:47
like that which哪一个 happened发生
in the country国家 I was born天生 in, in Korea韩国?
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就像我的祖国那样,像在韩国?
01:50
Or are aspirations愿望
going to meet遇到 frustration挫折?
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或者说,愿望是否会受挫?
01:55
This is a real真实 concern关心,
because between之间 2012 and 2015,
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这是我所关心的。在2012至2015年期间
02:00
terrorism恐怖主义 incidents事故
increased增加 by 74 percent百分.
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恐怖袭击事件增加了74%
02:03
The number of deaths死亡 from terrorism恐怖主义
went up 150 percent百分.
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受害人数上升了150%
02:07
Right now, two billion十亿 people
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现在,有二十亿人口
02:09
live生活 in conditions条件
of fragility脆弱性, conflict冲突, violence暴力,
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生活在支离破碎,充满暴力的环境中
02:12
and by 2030, more than 60 percent百分
of the world's世界 poor较差的
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直至2030年,全球将有超过60%的贫困人民
02:17
will live生活 in these situations情况
of fragility脆弱性, conflict冲突 and violence暴力.
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生活于这样的水深火热之中
02:21
And so what do we do
about meeting会议 these aspirations愿望?
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我们怎么做才能实现这些愿望?
02:24
Are there new ways方法 of thinking思维
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是否有新的思维方式
02:26
about how we can rise上升
to meet遇到 these aspirations愿望?
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指引我们如何提高以实现愿望?
02:29
Because if we don't,
I'm extremely非常 worried担心.
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如果不这样做,我十分担心
02:32
Aspirations问鼎 are rising升起 as never before
because of access访问 to the internet互联网.
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因为互联网的普及,愿望的增强前所未有
02:36
Everyone大家 knows知道 how everyone大家 else其他 lives生活.
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每个人都知道其他人是怎样生活的
02:39
Has our ability能力 to meet遇到 those aspirations愿望
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我们的能力是否足以满足这些愿望
02:42
risen上升 as well?
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即使它们愈发强烈?
02:43
And just to get at the details细节 of this,
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为了了解更多的细节
02:45
I want to share分享 with you
my own拥有 personal个人 story故事.
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我想和你们分享我自己的故事
02:47
This is not my mother母亲,
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这不是我的母亲
02:50
but during the Korean朝鲜的 War战争,
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但在朝鲜战争期间
02:51
my mother母亲 literally按照字面 took her own拥有 sister妹妹,
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我的母亲也是这样带着她的妹妹
02:54
her younger更年轻 sister妹妹, on her back,
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背着她
02:56
and walked at least最小 part部分 of the way
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至少走了一长段路
02:58
to escape逃逸 Seoul汉城 during the Korean朝鲜的 War战争.
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逃离首尔
03:02
Now, through通过 a series系列 of miracles奇迹,
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经过一系列奇迹
03:05
my mother母亲 and father父亲 both got
scholarships奖学金 to go to New York纽约 City.
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我的父母都获得了去纽约的奖学金
03:09
They actually其实 met会见 in New York纽约 City
and got married已婚 in New York纽约 City.
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他们在纽约相遇,结婚
03:13
My father父亲, too, was a refugee难民.
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我的父亲也是一名难民
03:16
At the age年龄 of 19, he left his family家庭
in the northern北方 part部分 of the country国家,
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19岁那年,他离开了朝鲜的家
03:20
escaped逃脱 through通过 the border边境
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逃离了边境
03:22
and never saw his family家庭 again.
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再也没有见过他的家人
03:24
Now, when they were married已婚
and living活的 in New York纽约,
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他们在纽约结婚并定居
03:27
my father父亲 was a waiter服务员
at Patricia帕特里夏 Murphy's墨菲 restaurant餐厅.
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我的父亲曾是帕特丽夏·墨菲酒店的服务员
03:30
Their aspirations愿望 went up.
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他们有着伟大的梦想
03:32
They understood了解 what it was like
to live生活 in a place地点 like New York纽约 City
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他们知道在纽约这样的城市的生活是怎样的
03:36
in the 1950s.
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即使是在20世纪50年代
03:38
Well, my brother哥哥 was born天生
and they came来了 back to Korea韩国,
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我的哥哥出生后,他们回到了韩国
03:42
and we had what I remember记得
as kind of an idyllic田园 life,
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我们开始了记忆中的田园生活
03:46
but what was happening事件
in Korea韩国 at that time
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但那时的韩国是怎样的
03:49
was the country国家 was one
of the poorest最穷 in the world世界
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它是世上最贫困的国家之一
03:52
and there was political政治 upheaval动荡.
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并且政治动荡
03:54
There were demonstrations示威 just down
the street from our house all the time,
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我家门前的街道常年有示威游行
03:57
students学生们 protesting抗议
against反对 the military军事 government政府.
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学生们和军阀政府水火不容
04:02
And at the time,
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那时
04:04
the aspirations愿望 of the World世界 Bank银行 Group,
the organization组织 I lead now,
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世界银行集团,我现在所领导的这一机构
04:08
were extremely非常 low for Korea韩国.
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对韩国抱有极低的期望
04:11
Their idea理念 was that Korea韩国 would
find it difficult without foreign国外 aid援助
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他们认为,没有外国援助
04:15
to provide提供 its people with more
than the bare necessities必需品 of life.
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韩国将很难维持它的子民的基本生活
04:19
So the situation情况 is
Korea韩国 is in a tough强硬 position位置,
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韩国正处于水深火热中
04:22
my parents父母 have seen看到
what life is like in the United联合的 States状态.
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而我的父母已经见过了美国的生活是怎样的
04:25
They got married已婚 there.
My brother哥哥 was born天生 there.
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他们在那里结婚,我的哥哥在那里出生
04:28
And they felt that in order订购
to give us an opportunity机会
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他们意识到,
04:31
to reach达到 their aspirations愿望 for us,
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为了给我们提供实现梦想的机会
04:34
we had to go and come back
to the United联合的 States状态.
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我们必须离开,回到美国
04:36
Now, we came来了 back.
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现在,我们回来了
04:38
First we went to Dallas达拉斯.
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最初,我们去到了达拉斯
04:40
My father父亲 did his dental牙齿 degree
all over again.
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在那里,我的父亲重新考取了牙医学士学位
04:42
And then we ended结束 up
moving移动 to Iowa爱荷华州, of all places地方.
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之后我们搬去了爱荷华州
04:46
We grew成长 up in Iowa爱荷华州.
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我在那儿长大
04:47
And in Iowa爱荷华州, we went
through通过 the whole整个 course课程.
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我在爱荷华州完成了所有课程的学习
04:50
I went to high school学校, I went to college学院.
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高中,大学
04:52
And then one day,
something that I'll never forget忘记,
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有一天,我想我永不会忘记
04:57
my father父亲 picked采摘的 me up
after my sophomore二年级 year in college学院,
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我的父亲接到我,那时大二刚结束
05:02
and he was driving主动 me home,
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他载我回家
05:04
and he said, "Jim吉姆,
what are your aspirations愿望?
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他问我:“Jim,你的梦想是什么?
05:06
What do you want to study研究?
What do you want to do?"
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你想学什么?又想做些什么?”
05:08
And I said, "Dad," --
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我回答到:“爸爸......”
05:09
My mother母亲 actually其实 was a philosopher哲学家,
and had filled填充 us with ideas思路
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我的母亲是一名哲学家
05:13
about protest抗议 and social社会 justice正义,
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她向我们传递了很多抗议和社会公正的观点
05:15
and I said, "Dad, I'm going to study研究
political政治 science科学 and philosophy哲学,
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我说:“父亲,我想学政治科学与哲学
05:19
and I'm going to become成为
part部分 of a political政治 movement运动."
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我想参与政治活动”
05:22
My father父亲, the Korean朝鲜的 dentist牙医,
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我的父亲,一位韩国牙医
05:24
slowly慢慢地 pulled the car汽车
over to the side of the road --
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慢慢地把车停在了路边
05:26
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:28
He looked看着 back at me, and he said,
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他转过头来看着我说:
05:29
"Jim吉姆, you finish your medical residency住院医师,
you can study研究 anything you want."
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“Jim,你修完住院医师的课程后,你可以学任何你想学的”
05:33
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:35
Now, I've told this story故事
to a mostly大多 Asian亚洲 audience听众 before.
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我向很多亚洲观众讲过这个故事
05:39
Nobody没有人 laughs. They just shake their head.
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没有人笑,他们只是摇摇头
05:42
Of course课程.
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当然了
05:43
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:45
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
05:47
So, tragically可悲,
my father父亲 died死亡 at a young年轻 age年龄,
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不幸的是,我父亲很年轻时就去世了
05:52
30 years年份 ago at the age年龄 of 57,
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30年前,他年仅57岁
05:54
what happens发生 to be how old I am right now,
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到了我现在这个年龄会发生什么
05:57
and when he died死亡 in the middle中间
of my medical and graduate毕业 studies学习 --
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他在我学医的研究生期间去世了
06:00
You see, I actually其实 got it around it
by doing medicine医学 and anthropology人类学.
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你们看,我确乎通过学习医学和人类学实现了它
06:03
I studied研究 both of them in graduate毕业 school学校.
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我在研究生期间学习了它们
06:08
But then right about that time,
I met会见 these two people,
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在那个时候,我遇到了这两个人
06:11
Ophelia欧菲 Dahl达尔 and Paul保罗 Farmer农民.
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Ophelia Dahl和Paul Farmer
06:13
And Paul保罗 and I were in the same相同 program程序.
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Paul和我在同一个团队里
06:16
We were studying研究 medicine医学
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我们一起学了医学
06:17
and at the same相同 time
getting得到 our PhD's博士的 in anthropology人类学.
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并同时获得了人类学的博士学位
06:20
And we began开始 to ask
some pretty漂亮 fundamental基本的 questions问题.
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我们开始探讨一些根本问题
06:23
For people who have the great privilege特权
of studying研究 medicine医学 and anthropology人类学 --
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对那些有幸学习医学和人类学的人而言
06:28
I had come from parents父母 who were refugees难民.
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我的父母都是难民
06:30
Paul保罗 grew成长 up literally按照字面
in a bus总线 in a swamp沼泽 in Florida佛罗里达.
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Paul在佛罗里达州的一片沼泽地里的一辆公共汽车上长大
06:34
He liked喜欢 to call himself他自己 "white白色 trash垃圾."
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他喜欢称自己为“白色垃圾”
06:37
And so we had this opportunity机会
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我们有了这次机会
06:40
and we said,
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我们想
06:41
what is it that we need to do?
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我们需要做些什么
06:43
Given特定 our ridiculously可笑
elaborate阐述 educations的教育,
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我们接受了荒谬的精英教育
06:45
what is the nature性质
of our responsibility责任 to the world世界?
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那我们对社会所需承担的责任的本质是什么?
06:49
And we decided决定 that we needed需要
to start开始 an organization组织.
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我们决定组建一个组织
06:52
It's called Partners伙伴 in Health健康.
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它被称为健康伙伴
06:53
And by the way,
there's a movie电影 made制作 about that.
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顺便说说,有一部电影以它为原型展开
06:56
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
06:59
There's a movie电影
that was just a brilliant辉煌 movie电影
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他们拍摄了一部很精彩的电影
07:01
they made制作 about it
called "Bending弯曲 the Arc."
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叫做《Bending the Arc》
07:03
It launched推出 at Sundance圣丹斯电影节 this past过去 January一月.
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一月在圣丹斯国际电影节上映
07:05
Jeff杰夫 Skoll斯科尔 is here.
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Jeff Skoll就在这里
07:07
Jeff杰夫 is one of the ones那些
who made制作 it happen发生.
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Jeff是促成其发生的人员之一
07:10
And we began开始 to think
about what it would take for us
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之后,我们开始思考
07:14
to actually其实 have our aspirations愿望
reach达到 the level水平
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我们究竟想做什么?
07:18
of some of the poorest最穷
communities社区 in the world世界.
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对于世界上那些最贫穷的社区而言
07:20
This is my very first visit访问
to Haiti海地 in 1988,
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这是1988年我第一次访问海地
07:24
and in 1988, we elaborated详尽的
a sort分类 of mission任务 statement声明,
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1988年,我们制定了一个使命宣言
07:29
which哪一个 is we are going to make
a preferential优惠 option选项 for the poor较差的
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表明我们将会进行穷人优先的抉择
07:33
in health健康.
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在医疗健康上
07:34
Now, it took us a long time, and we
were graduate毕业 students学生们 in anthropology人类学.
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现在,经过了很长时间,我们攻读完人类学的研究生
07:38
We were reading up one side of Marx马克思
and down the other.
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我们了解了马克思的一面,也进行了延伸阅读
07:40
Habermas哈贝马斯. Fernand费尔南德 Braudel布罗代尔.
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哈贝马斯,费尔南·布罗代尔
07:43
We were reading everything
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我们读尽每一本书
07:44
and we had to come to a conclusion结论
of how are we going to structure结构体 our work?
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我们必须得出结论,我们将如何安排我们的工作?
07:48
So "O for the P," we called it,
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“O for the P”,我们这样称呼它
07:50
a preferential优惠 option选项 for the poor较差的.
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穷人优先
07:53
The most important重要 thing
about a preferential优惠 option选项 for the poor较差的
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穷人优先最重要的一点在于
07:56
is what it's not.
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它不是
07:58
It's not a preferential优惠 option选项
for your own拥有 sense of heroism英雄主义.
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不是以你的个人英雄主义优先
08:02
It's not a preferential优惠 option选项
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不是以你自己如何帮助穷人脱贫的想法优先
08:04
for your own拥有 idea理念 about
how to lift电梯 the poor较差的 out of poverty贫穷.
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08:07
It's not a preferential优惠 option选项
for your own拥有 organization组织.
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不是以您自己的组织优先
08:10
And the hardest最难 of all,
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最重要的是
08:12
it's not a preferential优惠 option选项
for your poor较差的.
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不是以你们的贫穷优先
08:15
It's a preferential优惠 option选项 for the poor较差的.
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它是以穷人们优先
08:18
So what do you do?
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那么,你会做些什么?
08:19
Well, Haiti海地, we started开始 building建造 --
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我们开始建设海地
08:23
Everyone大家 told us, the cost-effective经济有效 thing
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每个人都告诉我们,为了节约成本
08:26
is just focus焦点 on vaccination疫苗接种
and maybe a feeding馈送 program程序.
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我们可以专注于疫苗接种或是供膳计划
08:29
But what the Haitians海地人 wanted
was a hospital醫院.
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但海地想要的是一所医院
08:33
They wanted schools学校.
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是学校
08:34
They wanted to provide提供 their children孩子
with the opportunities机会
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是为孩子提供他们所听到的学习机会
08:37
that they'd他们会 been hearing听力 about
from others其他, relatives亲戚们, for example,
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从其它人,亲戚
08:41
who had gone走了 to the United联合的 States状态.
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那些去过美国的人那儿听到的机会
08:43
They wanted the same相同 kinds
of opportunities机会 as my parents父母 did.
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他们想要和我父母一样的机会
08:48
I recognized认可 them.
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我了解他们
08:50
And so that's what we did.
We built内置 hospitals医院.
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所以我们做了这些,我们修建了学校
08:52
We provided提供 education教育.
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提供教育
08:54
And we did everything we could
to try to give them opportunities机会.
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我们竭尽全力为他们提供机会
08:57
Now, my experience经验 really became成为 intense激烈
185
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我的感受越来越强烈
09:00
at Partners伙伴 in Health健康
in this community社区, CarabaylloCarabayllo,
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这一社区的健康伙伴,在卡拉瓦伊略区
09:03
in the northern北方 slums贫民窟 of Lima利马, Peru秘鲁.
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在秘鲁利马北部的贫民窟
09:08
And in this community社区,
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在这个社区
09:09
we started开始 out by really just going
to people's人们 homes家园 and talking to people,
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我们开始走访
09:13
and we discovered发现 an outbreak暴发, an epidemic疫情
of multidrug-resistant耐多药 tuberculosis结核.
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我们发现了一场疫情,多耐药结核病的流行
09:18
This is Melquiades梅尔基亚德斯.
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这位是Melquiades
09:19
Melquiades梅尔基亚德斯 was a patient患者 at that time,
he was about 18 years年份 old,
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Melquiades当时是一位病人,大约18岁
09:24
and he had a very difficult form形成
of drug-resistant耐药性 tuberculosis结核.
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他患有难以治疗的耐药性结核病
09:29
All of the gurus大师 in the world世界,
the global全球 health健康 gurus大师,
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全球所有健康专家都说
09:32
said it is not cost-effective经济有效
to treat对待 drug-resistant耐药性 tuberculosis结核.
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治疗耐药性结核病并不划算
09:36
It's too complicated复杂. It's too expensive昂贵.
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它太复杂了,也太昂贵。
09:38
You just can't do it. It can't be doneDONE.
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你不能做到,这不可能完成
09:41
And in addition加成,
they were getting得到 angry愤怒 at us,
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除此之外,他们对我们大为光火
09:44
because the implication意义 was
199
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因为这意味着
09:46
if it could be doneDONE,
we would have doneDONE it.
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如果可以做到,早就该完成了。
09:48
Who do you think you are?
201
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你以为你是谁?
09:50
And the people that we fought战斗 with
were the World世界 Health健康 Organization组织
202
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我们与世界卫生组织为敌
09:53
and probably大概 the organization组织
we fought战斗 with most
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也许更多的是与世界银行集团相对抗
09:57
was the World世界 Bank银行 Group.
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09:58
Now, we did everything we could
205
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现在,我们竭尽全力
10:02
to convince说服 Melquiades梅尔基亚德斯
to take his medicines药品,
206
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说服Melquiades服药
10:05
because it's really hard,
207
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这真的很难
10:06
and not once一旦 during the time of treatment治疗
did Melquiades's梅尔基亚德斯的 family家庭 ever say,
208
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在治疗期间,他的家人不止一次说过,
10:10
"Hey, you know, Melquiades梅尔基亚德斯
is just not cost-effective经济有效.
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“你知道吗,治疗Melquiades并不划算,
10:13
Why don't you go on
and treat对待 somebody else其他?"
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你们为什么不去治疗其他人”
10:16
(Laughter笑声)
211
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(笑声)
10:17
I hadn't有没有 seen看到 Melquiades梅尔基亚德斯
for about 10 years年份
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我已经有10年没有见过Melquiades了
10:19
and when we had
our annual全年 meetings会议 in Lima利马, Peru秘鲁
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当我们在秘鲁利马举行年度会议时
10:22
a couple一对 of years年份 ago,
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几年前
10:24
the filmmakers电影制片人 found发现 him
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电影制片人找到了他
10:26
and here is us getting得到 together一起.
216
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这是我们聚在一起
10:28
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
10:35
He has become成为 a bit of a media媒体 star
because he goes to the film电影 openings开口,
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他已经成为了一个媒体明星,他去了电影首映礼
10:39
and he knows知道 how to work an audience听众 now.
219
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他现在已经知道如何驾驭观众了
10:41
(Laughter笑声)
220
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(笑声)
10:43
But as soon不久 as we won韩元 --
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但我们取得胜利后
10:45
We did win赢得. We won韩元 the argument论据.
222
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我们确实获胜了,我们赢得了争论
10:47
You should treat对待
multidrug-resistant耐多药 tuberculosis结核 --
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你应当治疗多耐药结核病
10:50
we heard听说 the same相同 arguments参数
in the early 2000s about HIVHIV.
224
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在二十一世纪初,我们听到了同样的争论,关于艾滋
10:54
All of the leading领导 global全球 health健康
people in the world世界 said
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全球所有的健康领头人都说
10:57
it is impossible不可能
to treat对待 HIVHIV in poor较差的 countries国家.
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在贫困国家不可能进行艾滋病毒的治疗
11:00
Too expensive昂贵, too complicated复杂,
you can't do it.
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太昂贵了,太复杂了,你不可能做到
11:02
Compared相比 to drug-resistant耐药性 TBTB treatment治疗,
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与耐药性结核病的治疗相比
11:04
it's actually其实 easier更轻松.
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实际上它更简单
11:06
And we were seeing眼看 patients耐心 like this.
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我们经常看到这样的病人
11:09
Joseph约瑟夫 Jeune热恩.
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Joseph Jeune
11:10
Joseph约瑟夫 Jeune热恩 also never mentioned提到
that he was not cost-effective经济有效.
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Joseph Jeune也从不提起治疗他是不划算的
11:14
A few少数 months个月 of medicines药品,
and this is what he looked看着 like.
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经过几个月的药物治疗,他现在是这样的
11:17
(Applause掌声)
234
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(掌声)
11:19
We call that the Lazarus拉扎勒斯 Effect影响
of HIVHIV treatment治疗.
235
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我们称之为艾滋治疗的拉撒路效应
11:22
JoselineJoseline came来了 to us looking like this.
236
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Joseline来找我们时是这样的
11:24
This is what she looked看着 like
a few少数 months个月 later后来.
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这是几个月后她的模样
11:26
(Applause掌声)
238
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(掌声)
11:29
Now, our argument论据, our battle战斗, we thought,
239
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现在,我们的争论,我们的斗争,我想
11:33
was with the organizations组织
that kept不停 saying it's not cost-effective经济有效.
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主要在于那些认为这不划算的机构
11:37
We were saying, no,
241
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我们在说,不
11:38
preferential优惠 option选项 for the poor较差的
requires要求 us to raise提高 our aspirations愿望
242
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穷人优先要求我们提高自己的愿望
11:42
to meet遇到 those of the poor较差的 for themselves他们自己.
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以满足穷人的愿望
11:44
And they said, well, that's a nice不错 thought
but it's just not cost-effective经济有效.
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他们会说,这是个不错的想法,但不划算
11:48
So in the nerdy书呆子 way
that we have operated操作 Partners伙伴 in Health健康,
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像个书呆子一样,我们坚持开创了健康伙伴
11:54
we wrote a book against反对,
basically基本上, the World世界 Bank银行.
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我们写了一本书,来与世界银行相抗衡
11:57
It says that because the World世界 Bank银行
247
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里面提到,由于世界银行
12:00
has focused重点 so much
on just economic经济 growth发展
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过于关注经济发展
12:03
and said that governments政府
have to shrink收缩 their budgets预算
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认为政府应该减少在健康,教育及社会福利方面的预算及开支
12:07
and reduce减少 expenditures支出
in health健康, education教育 and social社会 welfare福利 --
250
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12:11
we thought that was fundamentally从根本上 wrong错误.
251
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我们认为这完全是错的
12:13
And we argued争论 with the World世界 Bank银行.
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我们与世界银行争辩
12:15
And then a crazy thing happened发生.
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之后,一件疯狂的事情发生了
12:17
President主席 Obama奥巴马 nominated提名 me
to be President主席 of the World世界 Bank银行.
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总统奥巴马提名我担任世界银行行长
12:20
(Applause掌声)
255
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(掌声)
12:26
Now, when I went to do the vetting审批 process处理
with President主席 Obama's奥巴马 team球队,
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当我接受总统团队的审查时
12:31
they had a copy复制 of "Dying垂死 For Growth发展,"
and they had read every一切 page.
257
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他们拿着一本《为增长而死》,他们读完了那本书
12:35
And I said, "OK, that's it, right?
258
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我问道:“就是这样,不是吗?
12:37
You guys are going to drop下降 me?"
259
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你们会放弃我”
12:38
He goes, "Oh, no, no, it's OK."
260
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他们却说:“不,没关系”
12:41
And I was nominated提名,
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然后我被提名了
12:42
and I walked through通过 the door
of the World世界 Bank银行 Group in July七月 of 2012,
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2012年7月,我步入了世界银行集团的大门
12:47
and that statement声明 on the wall,
"Our dream梦想 is a world世界 free自由 of poverty贫穷."
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墙上有这么一句话:“建立一个没有贫困的世界”
12:50
A few少数 months个月 after that,
we actually其实 turned转身 it into a goal目标:
264
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几个月后,我们以此制定了一个目标
12:53
end结束 extreme极端 poverty贫穷 by 2030,
265
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2030年前终结极度贫困
12:56
boost促进 shared共享 prosperity繁荣.
266
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促进共享繁荣
12:57
That's what we do now
at the World世界 Bank银行 Group.
267
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这是世界银行集团现在所做的
12:59
I feel like I have brought
the preferential优惠 option选项 for the poor较差的
268
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我想我已经做到了穷人优先
13:03
to the World世界 Bank银行 Group.
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在世界银行集团中
13:05
(Applause掌声)
270
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(掌声)
13:10
But this is TEDTED,
271
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但是,这里是TED
13:11
and so I want to share分享
with you some concerns关注,
272
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我想和你们分享一些我的担忧
13:14
and then make a proposal提案.
273
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并提出一些建议
13:17
The Fourth第四 Industrial产业 Revolution革命,
274
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我们正在经历第四次工业革命
13:18
now, you guys know
so much better than I do,
275
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你们比我更清楚
13:20
but here's这里的 the thing that concerns关注 me.
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不过这正是我的担忧所在
13:22
What we hear about is job工作 loss失利.
You've all heard听说 that.
277
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失业充斥在我们耳畔,你们都听过吧
13:25
Our own拥有 data数据 suggest建议 to us
that two thirds三分之二 of all jobs工作,
278
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数据显示,由于自动化,发展中国家现有的三分之二的工作将不复存在
13:27
currently目前 existing现有 jobs工作
in developing发展 countries国家,
279
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13:30
will be lost丢失 because of automation自动化.
280
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13:31
Now, you've got to make up for those jobs工作.
281
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现在,我们需要的是弥补这些工作的空缺
13:34
Now, one of the ways方法
to make up for those jobs工作
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弥补的方式之一
13:36
is to turn community社区 health健康 workers工人
into a formal正式 labor劳动 force.
283
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是将社区健康工作者划为正式工
13:39
That's what we want to do.
284
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这是我们想做的
13:41
(Applause掌声)
285
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(掌声)
13:42
We think the numbers数字 will work out,
286
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我们想这一问题终会得以解决
13:44
that as health健康 outcomes结果 get better
and as people have formal正式 work,
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随着健康成果改善,人们得到正式工作
13:48
we're going to be able能够 to train培养 them
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我们可以通过培训
13:50
with the soft-skills软技能 training训练
that you add to it
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提高他们的软技能
13:52
to become成为 workers工人
that will have a huge巨大 impact碰撞,
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他们将会成为影响力巨大的工人
13:56
and that may可能 be the one area
that grows成长 the most.
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这一领域也将快速发展
13:59
But here's这里的 the other thing
that bothers什么麻烦事 me:
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还有另一件事困扰着我
14:02
right now it seems似乎 pretty漂亮 clear明确 to me
that the jobs工作 of the future未来
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我们清楚地知道
14:06
will be more digitally数字 demanding严格,
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未来的工作将更数字化
14:08
and there is a crisis危机
in childhood童年 stunting发育迟缓.
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儿童发育迟缓将是一场危机
14:12
So these are photos相片 from Charles查尔斯 Nelson纳尔逊,
who shared共享 these with us
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这是在哈佛医学院的Charles Nelson与我们分享的照片
14:15
from Harvard哈佛 Medical School学校.
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14:17
And what these photos相片 show显示
on the one side, on the left side,
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这些照片的左边是
14:21
is a three-month-old三个月大的 who has been stunted发育不良:
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一个三个月大的发育迟缓的婴儿
14:26
not adequate充足 nutrition营养,
not adequate充足 stimulation促进.
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营养不足,刺激不足
14:28
And on the other side,
of course课程, is a normal正常 child儿童,
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另一边,是一个正常的孩子
14:31
and the normal正常 child儿童
has all of these neuronal神经元 connections连接.
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大脑有全部的神经元连接
14:34
Now, the neuronal神经元 connections连接
are important重要,
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神经元连接十分重要
14:36
because that is
the definition定义 of human人的 capital首都.
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我们基于它来定义人类行为能力
14:40
Now, we know that we
can reduce减少 these rates利率.
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现在,我们知道我们可以降低这一比率
14:43
We can reduce减少 these rates利率
of childhood童年 stunting发育迟缓 quickly很快,
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我们可以快速降低儿童发育迟缓率
14:47
but if we don't, India印度, for example,
with 38 percent百分 childhood童年 stunting发育迟缓,
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如果不这样做,在印度,就将有38%的儿童发育迟缓
14:51
how are they going to compete竞争
in the economy经济 of the future未来
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他们如何在未来的经济中竞争
14:54
if 40 percent百分 of their future未来 workers工人
cannot不能 achieve实现 educationally教育上
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如果40%的未来工人不能受到教育
15:00
and certainly当然 we worry担心
about achieving实现 economically经济
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我们当然也担心有助于国家全面发展的经济发展方式
15:04
in a way that will help
the country国家 as a whole整个 grow增长.
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15:07
Now, what are we going to do?
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我们现在要做些什么?
15:10
78 trillion dollars美元
is the size尺寸 of the global全球 economy经济.
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全球经济的规模达78万亿美元
15:14
8.55 trillion dollars美元 are sitting坐在
in negative interest利益 rate bonds债券.
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902400
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其中有价值8.55万亿美元的负利率债券
15:18
That means手段 that you give
the German德语 central中央 bank银行 your money
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这意味着你把钱存进德国中央银行
15:22
and then you pay工资 them to keep your money.
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然后你付款让他们替你保管
15:25
That's a negative interest利益 rate bond.
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这就是负利率债券
15:27
24.4 trillion dollars美元
in very low-earning低收益 government政府 bonds债券.
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915160
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有价值24.4万亿的低收入政府债券
15:30
And 8 trillion literally按照字面 sitting坐在
in the hands of rich丰富 people
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5216
富人们坐拥差不多8万亿
15:35
under their very large mattresses床垫.
320
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1960
15:38
What we are trying to do
is now use our own拥有 tools工具 --
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我们正在尝试借助我们自己的知识
15:42
and just to get nerdy书呆子 for a second第二,
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再次像书呆子一样
15:43
we're talking about
first-loss第一损失 risk风险 debt债务 instruments仪器,
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我们谈论着一级风险债务工具
15:46
we're talking about deriskingderisking,
blended混合 finance金融,
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谈论着冒险,混合基金
15:48
we're talking about
political政治 risk风险 insurance保险,
325
936840
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我们谈论着政治风险保险
15:51
credit信用 enhancement增强 --
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信用增级
15:52
all these things that I've now learned学到了
at the World世界 Bank银行 Group
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我在世界银行集团所学到的这一切
15:55
that rich丰富 people use every一切 single day
to make themselves他们自己 richer更丰富,
328
943560
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富人们每天凭借它们变得更加富有
15:59
but we haven't没有 used aggressively积极 enough足够
on behalf代表 of the poor较差的
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3736
但我们还没有积极地代表穷人
16:03
to bring带来 this capital首都 in.
330
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来筹集资金
16:05
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
16:12
So does this work?
332
960280
2136
这有用吗?
16:14
Can you actually其实 bring带来
private-sector私营部门 players玩家 into a country国家
333
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4816
你真的能把私营者引入一个国家
16:19
and really make things work?
334
967280
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让事情发挥作用吗?
16:20
Well, we've我们已经 doneDONE it a couple一对 of times.
335
968680
1856
我们尝试了几次
16:22
This is Zambia赞比亚, Scaling缩放 Solar太阳能.
336
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2216
这是在赞比亚,太阳能的规模化
16:24
It's a box-set箱设置 solution
from the World世界 Bank银行
337
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2176
这是世界银行提出的一套解决方案
16:27
where we come in
and we do all the things you need
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我们尽全力,做所有你需要的事情
16:29
to attract吸引 private-sector私营部门 investors投资者.
339
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来吸引私营投资者
16:31
And in this case案件, Zambia赞比亚 went
from having a cost成本 of electricity电力
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这一案例中,赞比亚的电费刚开始是
16:35
at 25 cents a kilowatt-hour千瓦时,
341
983920
1960
每千瓦时25美分
16:38
and by just doing simple简单 things,
doing the auction拍卖,
342
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3736
通过一些简单的操作,比如拍卖
16:42
changing改变 some policies政策,
343
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改变政策
16:43
we were able能够 to bring带来 the cost成本 down.
344
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我们能够降低成本
16:46
Lowest最低 bid出价,
345
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最低价
16:47
25 cents a kilowatt-hour千瓦时 for Zambia赞比亚?
346
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2456
每千瓦时25美分?
16:50
The lowest最低 bid出价 was 4.7 cents
a kilowatt-hour千瓦时. It's possible可能.
347
998440
4176
最低价是每千瓦时4.7美分,这是可能的
16:54
(Applause掌声)
348
1002640
2136
(掌声)
16:56
But here's这里的 my proposal提案 for you.
349
1004800
1936
以下是我对你们的建议
16:58
This is from a group called Zipline溜索,
350
1006760
1896
这是一家名为Zipline的公司
17:00
a cool company公司, and they
literally按照字面 are rocket火箭 scientists科学家们.
351
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一家很棒的公司,他们可以说是火箭专家
17:03
They figured想通 out
how to use drones无人驾驶飞机 in Rwanda卢旺达.
352
1011560
2416
他们发现了如何在卢旺达运用无人机
17:06
This is me launching发射 a drone无人驾驶飞机 in Rwanda卢旺达
353
1014000
2216
这是我在卢旺达操纵一架无人机
17:08
that delivers提供 blood血液
anywhere随地 in the country国家
354
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2936
它可以在一个小时内把血液送到城市的任何地方
17:11
in less than an hour小时.
355
1019200
1536
17:12
So we save保存 lives生活,
356
1020760
1456
我们拯救了生命
17:14
this program程序 saved保存 lives生活 --
357
1022240
1856
这一计划拯救了生命
17:16
(Applause掌声)
358
1024119
1017
(掌声)
17:17
This program程序 made制作 money for Zipline溜索
359
1025160
1736
这一计划为Zipline盈利
17:18
and this program程序 saved保存
huge巨大 amounts of money for Rwanda卢旺达.
360
1026920
4015
也为卢旺达节约了一大笔钱
17:22
That's what we need,
and we need that from all of you.
361
1030960
2696
这就是我们所需要的,也是我们对你们的期盼
17:25
I'm asking you, carve雕刻 out
a little bit of time in your brains大脑
362
1033680
3255
想要你们,分出一部分时间想想
17:28
to think about the technology技术
that you work on,
363
1036960
2576
你所掌握的技术
17:31
the companies公司 that you start开始,
the design设计 that you do.
364
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2615
你开创的公司,你所做的设计
17:34
Think a little bit and work with us
365
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2936
想一想,然后和我们一起合作
17:37
to see if we can come up with these kinds
of extraordinary非凡 win-win双赢 solutions解决方案.
366
1045160
4296
看我们是能得出其它这样非同寻常的双赢方案
17:41
I'm going to leave离开 you
with one final最后 story故事.
367
1049480
2360
要留给你们最后一个故事
17:44
I was in Tanzania坦桑尼亚,
and I was in a classroom课堂.
368
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在坦桑尼亚,我去到了一间教室
17:47
This is me with a classroom课堂
of 11-year-olds- 年的孩子.
369
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3040
这是我和一群十一岁大的孩子们在一起
17:51
And I asked them, as I always do,
370
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1616
我像往常一样问他们:
17:53
"What do you want to be when you grow增长 up?"
371
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2056
“你们长大后想做什么?”
17:55
Two raised上调 their hands and said,
372
1063200
1736
两个孩子举手答到
17:56
"I want to be President主席
of the World世界 Bank银行."
373
1064960
2016
“我想成为世界银行行长”
17:59
(Laughter笑声)
374
1067000
1816
(笑声)
18:00
And just like you, my own拥有 team球队
and their teachers教师 laughed笑了.
375
1068840
3416
和你们一样,我的团队和他们的老师也笑了
18:04
But then I stopped停止 them.
376
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1536
但我阻止了他们
18:05
I said, "Look, I want to tell you a story故事.
377
1073840
2040
我说“听着,我想给你们讲一个故事”
18:09
When I was born天生 in South Korea韩国,
this is what it looked看着 like.
378
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3480
当我在韩国出生时,它是这样的模样
18:13
This is where I came来了 from.
379
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1240
这就是我的家乡
18:15
And when I was three years年份 old,
380
1083360
1880
当我三岁时
18:18
in preschool幼儿,
381
1086240
1200
在学前班
18:20
I don't think that George乔治 David大卫 Woods树木,
the President主席 of the World世界 Bank银行,
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1088320
3376
我从没想过世界银行行长George David Woods
18:23
if he had visited参观 Korea韩国 on that day
and come to my classroom课堂,
383
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3576
如果某天他拜访韩国,来到我的教室
18:27
that he would have thought
384
1095320
1336
他是否会想到
18:28
that the future未来 President主席
of the World世界 Bank银行
385
1096680
2016
未来的世界银行行长就在这间教室里
18:30
was sitting坐在 in that classroom课堂.
386
1098720
1456
18:32
Don't let anyone任何人 ever tell you
387
1100200
2296
不要让其他人告诉你
18:34
that you cannot不能 be
President主席 of the World世界 Bank银行.
388
1102520
2776
你不能成为世界银行行长
18:37
Now -- thank you.
389
1105320
1216
谢谢你们
18:38
(Applause掌声)
390
1106560
1576
(掌声)
18:40
Let me leave离开 you with one thought.
391
1108160
1640
让我给你们留下一个想法
18:42
I came来了 from a country国家
that was the poorest最穷 in the world世界.
392
1110240
2656
我来自一个曾是世界上最贫穷的国家
18:44
I'm President主席 of the World世界 Bank银行.
393
1112920
1576
我现在是世界银行行长
18:46
I cannot不能 and I will not
pull up the ladder阶梯 behind背后 me.
394
1114520
3176
我不能,也不会拉起我身后的梯子
18:49
This is urgent紧急.
395
1117720
1536
现在十分迫切
18:51
Aspirations问鼎 are going up.
396
1119280
1496
愿望变得愈发强烈
18:52
Everywhere到处 aspirations愿望 are going up.
397
1120800
2296
到处都有强烈的希冀
18:55
You folks乡亲 in this room房间, work with us.
398
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2616
在这间房间里的你们,和我们一起努力
18:57
We know that we can find
those Zipline-type溜索型 solutions解决方案
399
1125760
4016
我们知道我们能找到像Zipline这样的解决方案
19:01
and help the poor较差的
leapfrog蛙跳 into a better world世界,
400
1129800
3296
帮助穷人跨越到一个更好的世界
19:05
but it won't惯于 happen发生
until直到 we work together一起.
401
1133120
2600
这一切不会发生,除非我们一起努力
19:08
The future未来 "you" --
and especially特别 for your children孩子 --
402
1136240
2736
未来的你们,尤其是对你们的孩子来说
19:11
the future未来 you
403
1139000
1576
19:12
will depend依靠 on how much care关心
and compassion同情 we bring带来
404
1140600
2976
未来取决于我们为未来的“我们”提供了多少关爱和同情
19:15
to ensuring确保 that the future未来 "us"
provides提供 equality平等 of opportunity机会
405
1143600
4616
以确保世界上每个儿童都享有平等的机会
19:20
for every一切 child儿童 in the world世界.
406
1148240
1416
19:21
Thank you very much.
407
1149680
1256
非常感谢你们
19:22
(Applause掌声)
408
1150960
1696
(掌声)
19:24
Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.
409
1152680
3056
谢谢!谢谢!谢谢!
19:27
(Applause掌声)
410
1155760
3080
(掌声)
19:33
Chris克里斯 Anderson安德森: You'd almost几乎 think
411
1161040
1656
Chris Anderson:你肯定会想
19:34
people are surprised诧异
to hear a talk like this
412
1162720
2136
人们听到世界银行行长这样的讲话会感到惊讶
19:36
from the President主席 of the World世界 Bank银行.
413
1164880
1816
19:38
It's kind of cool.
414
1166720
1216
这有点特别
19:39
I'd encourage鼓励 you to even be
a little more specific具体 on your proposal提案.
415
1167960
3256
希望您可以再详细讲讲您的建议
19:43
There's many许多 investors投资者,
entrepreneurs企业家 in this room房间.
416
1171240
4496
在座有很多的投资者,企业家
19:47
How will you partner伙伴 with them?
What's your proposal提案?
417
1175760
2496
你想怎么和他们合作?你的建议是什么?
19:50
Jim吉姆 Yong Kim: Can I get nerdy书呆子
for just a second第二.
418
1178280
2256
金墉:我可以再次像书呆子一样吗?
19:52
CACA: Get nerdy书呆子. Absolutely绝对.
JYKJYK: So here's这里的 what we did.
419
1180560
2576
CA:当然了
金墉:这是我们所做的,
19:55
Insurance保险 companies公司 never invest投资
in developing发展 country国家 infrastructure基础设施,
420
1183160
3296
保险公司从不会投资发展中国家的基础设施
19:58
for example, because
they can't take the risk风险.
421
1186480
2176
因为他们不愿为此承担风险
20:00
They're holding保持 money
for people who pay工资 for insurance保险.
422
1188680
2616
他们为那些为支付保险费用的人存储资金
20:03
So what we did was a Swedish瑞典
International国际 Development发展 Association协会
423
1191320
3136
在瑞典国际开发协会给了我们一小笔资金后
20:06
gave us a little bit of money,
424
1194480
1456
20:07
we went out and raised上调 a little bit
more money, a hundred million百万,
425
1195960
3136
我们去筹集了更多的钱,一亿
20:11
and we took first loss失利,
meaning含义 if this thing goes bad,
426
1199120
2616
我们承担了最初的风险,这意味着,如果发展不顺
20:13
10 percent百分 of the loss失利 we'll just eat,
427
1201760
1856
我们会承担10%的损失
20:15
and the rest休息 of you will be safe安全.
428
1203640
1776
而剩下的你们都是安全的
20:17
And that created创建
a 90-percent-百分 chunk, tranche
429
1205440
3736
但还有90%的部分
20:21
that was triple三倍 B, investment-grade投资等级,
so the insurance保险 companies公司 invested投资.
430
1209200
3456
投资级别可达3B,所以保险公司选择了投资
20:24
So for us, what we're doing
is taking服用 our public上市 money
431
1212680
4616
对我们而言,我们所做的就是利用公共资金冒险
20:29
and using运用 it to deriskderisk
specific具体 instruments仪器
432
1217320
3536
开展具体建设
20:32
to bring带来 people in from the outside.
433
1220880
1736
从而从外引进人才
20:34
So all of you who are sitting坐在
on trillions万亿 of dollars美元 of cash现金,
434
1222640
2936
坐拥数万亿美元现金的你们
20:37
come to us. Right?
435
1225600
1216
会加入我们,对吗?
20:38
(Laughter笑声)
436
1226840
1016
(笑声)
20:39
CACA: And what you're specifically特别
looking for are investment投资 proposals建议
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CA:你们所寻找的是提高发展中国家就业率的投资建议?
20:43
that create创建 employment雇用
in the developing发展 world世界.
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20:45
JYKJYK: Absolutely绝对. Absolutely绝对.
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金墉:是的,就是这样的
20:46
So these will be, for example,
in infrastructure基础设施 that brings带来 energy能源,
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这些基础建设将包括
20:50
builds建立 roads道路, bridges桥梁, ports港口.
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引进能源、修建道路、桥梁、港口
20:53
These kinds of things
are necessary必要 to create创建 jobs工作,
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这些是创造就业机会所必需的
20:55
but also what we're saying is
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也是我们所谈论的
20:58
you may可能 think that the technology技术
you're working加工 on
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你可能会认为你所掌握的技术
21:00
or the business商业 that you're working加工 on
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你所在的行业
21:02
may可能 not have applications应用
in the developing发展 world世界,
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没有可能应用在发展中国家中
21:05
but look at Zipline溜索.
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但看看Zipline
21:06
And that Zipline溜索 thing didn't happen发生
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它的成功不仅仅是因为技术的质量
21:08
just because of the quality质量
of the technology技术.
449
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2176
21:11
It was because they engaged订婚
with the Rwandans卢旺达 early
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更因为很早就和卢旺达合作
21:14
and used artificial人造 intelligence情报 --
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并且应用了人工智能
21:16
one thing, Rwanda卢旺达 has great broadband宽带 --
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还有一件事,卢旺达早已遍布宽带
21:19
but these things fly
completely全然 on their own拥有.
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-但这些东西完全靠他们自己完成
21:21
So we will help you do that.
We will make the introductions介绍.
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我们会帮你做到这些,我们可以引荐你
21:24
We will even provide提供 financing融资.
We will help you do that.
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甚至提供资金,我们会让你成功
21:27
CACA: How much capital首都
is the World世界 Bank银行 willing愿意 to deploy部署
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CA:世界银行愿意为此提供多少资金?
21:30
to back those kinds of efforts努力?
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21:31
JYKJYK: Chris克里斯, you're always getting得到 me
to try to do something like this.
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金墉:“Chris,你总是让我做这样的事”
21:35
CACA: I'm trying to get you in trouble麻烦.
JYKJYK: So here's这里的 what we're going to do.
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CA:我在给你找麻烦
金墉:这正是我们要做的
21:38
We have 25 billion十亿 a year
that we're investing投资 in poor较差的 countries国家,
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我们每年有250亿美元投资到贫穷国家
21:43
the poorest最穷 countries国家.
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最贫穷的国家
21:44
And as we invest投资
over the next下一个 three years年份,
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正因为我们会在未来三年进行每年250亿美元的投资
21:46
25 billion十亿 a year,
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21:48
we have got to think with you
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我们需要和你们一起思考
21:50
about how to use that money
more effectively有效.
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如何高效利用这笔资金
21:52
So I can't give you a specific具体 number.
It depends依靠 on the quality质量 of the ideas思路.
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以我不能告诉你们具体的数目,这取决于项目的好坏
21:56
So bring带来 us your ideas思路,
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所以,带来你们的想法
21:57
and I don't think that financing融资
is going to be the problem问题.
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资金不是问题
22:03
CACA: All right, you heard听说 it
from the man himself他自己.
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CA:好吧,这是他亲口说的
22:05
Jim吉姆, thanks谢谢 so much.
JYKJYK: Thank you. Thank you.
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Jim,非常感谢
金墉:谢谢!谢谢!
22:08
(Applause掌声)
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Translated by Sybil Luo
Reviewed by Yinchun Rui

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jim Yong Kim - President, World Bank Group
Jim Yong Kim is leading a global effort to end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity.

Why you should listen

Jim Yong Kim is the 12th president of the World Bank Group. Soon after he assumed his position in July 2012, the organization established two goals to guide its work: to end extreme poverty by 2030 and to boost shared prosperity, focusing on the bottom 40 percent of the population in developing countries. In September 2016, the World Bank Group Board unanimously reappointed Kim to a second five-year term as president.

During his first term, the World Bank Group supported the development priorities of countries at levels never seen outside a financial crisis and, with its partners, achieved two successive, record replenishments of the World Bank Group’s fund for the poorest. The institution also launched several innovative financial instruments, including facilities to address infrastructure needs, prevent pandemics and help the millions of people forcibly displaced from their homes by climate shocks, conflict, and violence.

Kim's career has revolved around health, education and delivering services to the poor. In 1987, he co-founded Partners In Health, a nonprofit medical organization that works in poor communities on four continents. He has received a MacArthur "genius" grant, was recognized as one of America's "25 Best Leaders" by U.S. News & World Report and was named one of TIME magazine's "100 Most Influential People in the World.

More profile about the speaker
Jim Yong Kim | Speaker | TED.com