ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nicholas Negroponte - Tech visionary
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world.

Why you should listen

A pioneer in the field of computer-aided design, Negroponte founded (and was the first director of) MIT's Media Lab, which helped drive the multimedia revolution and now houses more than 500 researchers and staff across a broad range of disciplines. An original investor in Wired (and the magazine's "patron saint"), for five years he penned a column exploring the frontiers of technology -- ideas that he expanded into his 1995 best-selling book Being Digital. An angel investor extraordinaire, he's funded more than 40 startups, and served on the boards of companies such as Motorola and Ambient Devices.

But his latest effort, the One Laptop per Child project, may prove his most ambitious. The organization is designing, manufacturing and distributing low-cost, wireless Internet-enabled computers costing roughly $100 and aimed at children. Negroponte hopes to put millions of these devices in the hands of children in the developing world.

More profile about the speaker
Nicholas Negroponte | Speaker | TED.com
TED in the Field

Nicholas Negroponte: Taking OLPC to Colombia

尼古拉斯·尼葛洛庞帝将OLPC(每童一电脑计划)带至哥伦比亚

Filmed:
390,783 views

TED跟随着尼古拉斯·尼葛洛庞帝去哥伦比亚,他去那发放手提电脑,那里曾是游击队所管辖的地区。而他的合作夥伴是谁?哥伦比亚的國防部,他们将“每童一电脑”计划看作是对该地区的一种投资。(你也可以参与进来。)
- Tech visionary
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:00
It's amazing惊人, when you meet遇到 a head of state and you say,
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当你向一位国家元首问问题的时候是很奇妙的,
00:02
"What is your most precious珍贵 natural自然 resource资源?" --
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“你们国家最珍贵的资源是什么?”
00:06
they will not say children孩子 at first.
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他们不会第一时间回答是儿童。
00:08
And then when you say children孩子,
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但是当你说是儿童时,
00:10
they will pretty漂亮 quickly很快 agree同意 with you.
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他们几乎会立刻认同你的说法。
00:19
(Video视频): We're traveling旅行 today今天 with
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(录像):今天,我们将和哥伦比亚的
00:21
the Minister部长 of Defense防御 of Colombia哥伦比亚,
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国防部长一起出游,
00:24
head of the army军队 and the head of the police警察,
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他是军队和警力部门的负责人,
00:26
and we're dropping落下 off 650 laptops笔记本电脑
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而且今天,我们将会向儿童们
00:29
today今天 to children孩子
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发放500部手提电脑,
00:31
who have no television电视, no telephone电话
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他们生活在一个没有电视,
00:33
and have been in a community社区
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也没有电话的,
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cut off from the rest休息 of the world世界
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并且与世隔绝的环境里
00:37
for the past过去 40 years年份.
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生活了长达40年。
00:40
The importance重要性 of delivering交付 laptops笔记本电脑 to this region地区
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将手提电脑发放到这个区域的重要性是在于
00:43
is connecting kids孩子 who have otherwise除此以外 been unconnected悬空
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那些因哥伦比亚武装革命力量而被隔离的儿童们
00:46
because of the FARCFARC,
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联系起来,
00:48
the guerrillas游击队 that started开始 off 40 years年份 ago
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40年前开始的游击队
00:51
as a political政治 movement运动 and then became成为 a drug药物 movement运动.
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已从一场政治运动堕落为一场毒品运动。
00:56
There are one billion十亿 children孩子 in the world世界,
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现时世界上有十亿儿童,
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and 50 percent百分 of them don't have electricity电力
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他们中的一半都没有电力资源
01:00
at home or at school学校.
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无论是在学校还是在家。
01:03
And in some countries国家 -- let me pick Afghanistan阿富汗 --
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并且在某些国家——如阿富汗——
01:05
75 percent百分 of the little girls女孩 don't go to school学校.
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75%的小女孩都不会去上学。
01:08
And I don't mean that they drop下降 out of school学校
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我所指的不是她们被学校退学
01:10
in the third第三 or fourth第四 grade年级 -- they don't go.
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而是在她们三、四年级的时候——她们根本没去上学。
01:12
So in the three years年份
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所以这三年来自从我在TED里演讲
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since以来 I talked at TEDTED and showed显示 a prototype原型,
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并展示一件产品,
01:17
it's gone走了 from an idea理念
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它从一个想法转变成
01:19
to a real真实 laptop笔记本电脑.
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一台真正的手提电脑。
01:22
We have half a million百万 laptops笔记本电脑 today今天
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现在,我们已将五十万台手提电脑
01:24
in the hands of children孩子.
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发放到(世界各地的)儿童手上。
01:27
We have about a quarter25美分硬币 of a million百万 in transit过境
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我们还拥有二十五万台手提电脑
01:29
to those and other children孩子,
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正准备运送到儿童的手上,
01:32
and then there are another另一个 quarter25美分硬币 of a million百万 more
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以及二十五万台手提电脑
01:36
that are being存在 ordered有序 at this moment时刻.
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正被订购。
01:38
So, in rough numbers数字, there are a million百万 laptops笔记本电脑.
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那么,大概算来,这里共有一百万台手提电脑。
01:40
That's smaller than I predicted预料到的 --
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这比我预测的要少——
01:42
I predicted预料到的 three to 10 million百万 --
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我的预计是三百万到一千万之间——
01:44
but is still a very large number.
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不过这仍是一个很巨大的数字。
01:46
In Colombia哥伦比亚, we have about 3,000 laptops笔记本电脑.
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在哥伦比亚,我们大概已发放了三千台手提电脑。
01:50
It's the Minister部长 of Defense防御 with whom we're working加工,
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而且和我们合作的是国防部,
01:53
not the Minister部长 of Education教育, because it is seen看到 as
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而不是教育部,因为这项计划被看做是
01:56
a strategic战略 defense防御 issue问题
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一个战略防御问题
01:58
in the sense of liberating解放 these zones
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为了解放这些
02:03
that had been completely全然 closed关闭 off,
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完全被隔离的区域,
02:05
in which哪一个 the people who had been causing造成, if you will,
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而这些人在长达
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40 years'年份' worth价值 of bombings爆炸 and kidnappings绑架
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轰炸,绑架,以及刺杀中
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and assassinations暗杀 lived生活.
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存活下来了。
02:15
And suddenly突然,
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然后突然地,
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the kids孩子 have connected连接的 laptops笔记本电脑.
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这群儿童被手提电脑联系起来。
02:19
They've他们已经 leapfrogged一举超越.
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他们已超越了上一代。
02:21
The change更改 is absolutely绝对 monumental纪念,
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这种变化是绝对具有纪念意义的,
02:25
because it's not just opening开盘 it up,
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因为这不仅仅是将这个地区开放,
02:27
but it's opening开盘 it up to the rest休息 of the world世界.
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而是将整个地区与世界联系起来了。
02:30
So yes, they're building建造 roads道路, yes, they're putting in telephone电话,
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因此,他们将会进行交通建设,他们将会有电话,
02:32
yes, there will be television电视.
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而且他们还会拥有电视。
02:34
But the kids孩子 six to 12 years年份 old
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但是这群6到12岁的孩子
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are surfing冲浪 the Internet互联网 in Spanish西班牙语 and in local本地 languages语言,
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却在用西班牙语和当地语言上网,
02:40
so the children孩子 grow增长 up
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所以这群孩子是被
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with access访问 to information信息,
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资讯伴随着长大,
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with a window窗口 into the rest休息 of the world世界.
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并且他们打开了一扇通向世界的门窗。
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Before, they were closed关闭 off.
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在此之前,他们是被封闭的。
02:49
Interestingly有趣的是 enough足够, in other countries国家,
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而有趣的是,在一些其他的国家,
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it will be the Minister部长 of Finance金融 who sees看到 it
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这项行动会被财政部长看做是
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as an engine发动机 of economic经济 growth发展.
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财富增长的动力。
02:57
And that engine发动机 is going to see the results结果 in 20 years年份.
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而这股动力将会在二十年后才会看到结果。
03:01
It's not going to happen发生, you know, in one year,
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正如你所知,这不会在一年内发生,
03:04
but it's an important重要, deeply economic经济
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但这将是一件具有重大经济意义和
03:07
and cultural文化 change更改
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文化意义的改变,
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that happens发生 through通过 children孩子.
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一件通过儿童发生的变化。
03:12
Thirty-one三十一 countries国家 in total are involved参与,
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现在已有31个国家参与这项计划,
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and in the case案件 of Uruguay乌拉圭,
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就乌拉圭而言,
03:17
half the children孩子 already已经 have them,
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已有一半的儿童拥有手提电脑,
03:19
and by the middle中间 of 2009,
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并且在2009年的中旬时,
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every一切 single child儿童 in Uruguay乌拉圭 will have a laptop笔记本电脑 --
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乌拉圭的每位儿童都将会拥有手提电脑——
03:25
a little green绿色 laptop笔记本电脑.
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一台小巧碧绿的手提电脑。
03:27
Now what are some of the results结果?
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现在已得到的一些结果是什么?
03:29
Some of the results结果
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其中的一些结果
03:31
that go across横过 every一切 single country国家
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是在每个国家都能观测到的
03:34
include包括 teachers教师 saying
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包括老师都说
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they have never loved喜爱 teaching教学 so much,
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他们从来没有如此热爱教学,
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and reading comprehension理解
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以及热爱阅读
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measured测量 by third第三 parties派对 -- not by us -- skyrockets一飞冲天.
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这些都是由第三方统计的结果——不是我们——明显飙升。
03:45
Probably大概 the most important重要 thing we see
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然而我们所见的最重要的事是
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is children孩子 teaching教学 parents父母.
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儿童在教导他们的父母。
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They own拥有 the laptops笔记本电脑. They take them home.
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他们有笔记电脑。他们将它们带回家。
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And so when I met会见 with three children孩子 from the schools学校,
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所以当我和三位在当地学校上学的孩子见面时,
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who had traveled旅行 all day to come to Bogota波哥大,
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这个地方离波哥大有一天的路程,
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one of the three children孩子 brought her mother母亲.
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其中一位孩子带来他的母亲。
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And the reason原因 she brought her mother母亲
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而她带她母亲来的原因是
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is that this six-year-old六十岁 child儿童
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她这位六岁大的儿童
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had been teaching教学 her mother母亲
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正在教她妈妈
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how to read and write.
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如何读写。
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Her mother母亲 had not gone走了 to primary school学校.
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她妈妈从没有上过小学。
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And this is such这样 an inversion逆温,
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这是一个怎样的倒置,
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and such这样 a wonderful精彩 example
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并且也是一个奇妙的例子
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of children孩子 being存在 the agents代理 of change更改.
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体现了孩子是如何作为变化的推动者。
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So now, in closing关闭, people say,
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因此现在,作为结尾,人们问道,
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now why laptops笔记本电脑?
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为什么用手提电脑?
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Laptops笔记本电脑 are a luxury豪华; it's like giving them iPodsiPod播放器. No.
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手提电脑是奢侈品;就譬如给予他们iPod。不。
04:32
The reason原因 you want laptops笔记本电脑
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你们想要给予手提电脑的原因是
04:34
is that the word is education教育, not laptop笔记本电脑.
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教育,而不是手提电脑本身。
04:38
This is an education教育 project项目, not a laptop笔记本电脑 project项目.
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这是教育项目,而不是手提电脑项目。
04:41
They need to learn学习 learning学习. And then, just think --
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他们需要学会学习。然后,就想象一下——
04:43
they can have, let's say, 100 books图书.
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他们可以拥有,譬如说,一百本书。
04:45
In a village, you have 100 laptops笔记本电脑,
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在一个村庄里,有一百台手提电脑,
04:48
each with a different不同 set of 100 books图书,
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而且每台电脑里都有不同套的一百本书,
04:51
and so that village suddenly突然 has 10,000 books图书.
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那么这个村庄的将会瞬间拥有一万本书。
04:54
You and I didn't have 10,000 books图书 when we went to primary school学校.
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你和我在小学的时候都没有一万本书。
04:58
Sometimes有时 school学校 is under a tree,
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有时学校就在一棵树底下,
05:00
or in many许多 cases, the teacher老师 has only a fifth-grade五年级 education教育,
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并且很多老师都只有小学五年级的受教育水平,
05:04
so you need a collaborative共同 model模型 of learning学习,
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因此你需要创建一个互相学习的合作模型,
05:07
not just building建造 more schools学校 and training训练 more teachers教师,
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而不仅仅是建立更多所学校以及培训更多的教师,
05:09
which哪一个 you have to do anyway无论如何.
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但这也是你无论如何都要做的。
05:11
So we're once一旦 again doing "Give One, Get One."
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我们再次发起了“送一台,买一台”运动。
05:14
Last year, we ran a "Give One, Get One" program程序,
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去年,我们发起的“送一台,买一台”运动,
05:16
and it generated产生 over 100,000 laptops笔记本电脑
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并且创造了十万台手提电脑
05:20
that we were then able能够 to give free自由.
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使我们可以将之免费发放出去。
05:23
And by being存在 a zero-dollar零美元 laptop笔记本电脑,
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并且作为一台零美元的手提电脑,
05:25
we can go to countries国家 that can't afford给予 it at all.
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我们可以将之送到一些完全无法负担的国家去。
05:28
And that's what we did. We went to Haiti海地,
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这就是我们所做的。我们去了海地,
05:31
we went to Rwanda卢旺达, Afghanistan阿富汗,
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去了卢旺达,以及阿富汗,
05:33
Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚, Mongolia蒙古.
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还有埃塞俄比亚和蒙古。
05:36
Places地方 that are not markets市场,
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一些没有市场的地方,
05:38
seeding播种 it with the principles原则 of
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用着饱和,连接性,
05:41
saturation饱和, connectivity连接, low ages年龄, etc等等.
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低龄化等原则来看待。
05:44
And then we can actually其实 roll out large numbers数字.
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而我们可以用之产生一些巨大的数字。
05:48
So think of it this way:
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因此让我们这样来想:
05:50
think of it as inoculating接种 children孩子
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就好像为愚昧无知
05:53
against反对 ignorance无知.
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接种疫苗一样。
05:56
And think of the laptop笔记本电脑 as a vaccine疫苗.
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将手提电脑看作一种疫苗。
05:58
You don't vaccinate接种疫苗 a few少数 children孩子.
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你不是为一小部分个体接种疫苗。
06:00
You vaccinate接种疫苗 all the children孩子 in an area.
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而是为整个群体接种疫苗。
Translated by Chaoran Yu
Reviewed by Wang Qian

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nicholas Negroponte - Tech visionary
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world.

Why you should listen

A pioneer in the field of computer-aided design, Negroponte founded (and was the first director of) MIT's Media Lab, which helped drive the multimedia revolution and now houses more than 500 researchers and staff across a broad range of disciplines. An original investor in Wired (and the magazine's "patron saint"), for five years he penned a column exploring the frontiers of technology -- ideas that he expanded into his 1995 best-selling book Being Digital. An angel investor extraordinaire, he's funded more than 40 startups, and served on the boards of companies such as Motorola and Ambient Devices.

But his latest effort, the One Laptop per Child project, may prove his most ambitious. The organization is designing, manufacturing and distributing low-cost, wireless Internet-enabled computers costing roughly $100 and aimed at children. Negroponte hopes to put millions of these devices in the hands of children in the developing world.

More profile about the speaker
Nicholas Negroponte | Speaker | TED.com