ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Woody Norris - Inventor
Woody Norris is a serial inventor of electronics, tools and cutting-edge sonic equipment -- such as the LRAD acoustic cannon.

Why you should listen

When Woody Norris won the Lemelson-MIT Prize in 2005, his official prize bio called him "a classic independent inventor ... self-educated, self-funded and self-motivated." His mind seems to race toward things the world needs, though we don't know it yet: a nonlethal acoustic weapon that has been used to ward off pirates, a bone-induction headset, radar that can scan the human body, a tapeless tape recorder ...

Norris' educational background is a key to his restless mind. He is not quite "self-educated" -- he's taken many classes, but always at his own speed and in his own style, studying the things he knew he wanted to know and working closely with professors. Ironically, it's a model that cutting-edge colleges are now embracing.

His inventions have seeded several public companies. Recently he has been working on the AirScooter -- a sort of propeller-powered counterpart to the Moller SkyCar.

More profile about the speaker
Woody Norris | Speaker | TED.com
TED2004

Woody Norris: Hypersonic sound and other inventions

伍迪.诺里斯(Woody Norris)惊人的发明

Filmed:
1,368,299 views

伍迪.诺里斯(Woddy Norris)展示了两个用新方式处理声音的发明,并谈论了自己对发明和教育的非传统的态度。正如他所说的:“至今还没有发明任何东西”。那么——他要谈论些什么呢?
- Inventor
Woody Norris is a serial inventor of electronics, tools and cutting-edge sonic equipment -- such as the LRAD acoustic cannon. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
I became成为 an inventor发明者 by accident事故.
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我能成为一个发明家, 纯属偶然
00:20
I was out of the air空气 force in 1956. No, no, that's not true真正:
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1956年我从空军退役。不,我说错了
00:25
I went in in 1956, came来了 out in 1959,
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是1956年服役,1959年退役
00:28
was working加工 at the University大学 of Washington华盛顿,
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退役后在华盛顿大学工作
00:30
and I came来了 up with an idea理念, from reading a magazine杂志 article文章,
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我在看一篇杂志文章时冒出个想法
00:32
for a new kind of a phonograph留声机 tone arm.
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想发明一种新的留声机拾音臂
00:35
Now, that was before cassette暗盒 tapes磁带, C.D.s, DVDsDVD光盘 --
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相比今天的录音带 CD DVD等很酷的产品
00:38
any of the cool stuff东东 we've我们已经 got now.
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那可以说是古董级的了
00:40
And it was an arm that,
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它是一个臂
00:42
instead代替 of hinging铰链 and pivoting旋转 as it went across横过 the record记录,
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用以代替读盘时铰链和枢轴的功能
00:46
went straight直行: a radial径向, linear线性 tracking追踪 tone arm.
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直截了当的说:放射式直线循迹拾音臂
00:50
And it was the hardest最难 invention发明 I ever made制作, but it got me started开始,
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这是我做过最难的一个发明,但是它促使我开始
00:54
and I got really lucky幸运 after that.
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之后我就一帆风顺了
00:56
And without giving you too much of a tirade长篇大论,
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不长篇大论了
00:58
I want to talk to you about an invention发明 I brought with me today今天:
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今天我给大家带来的是
01:01
my 44th invention发明. No, that's not true真正 either.
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我的第44个发明。不,又错了
01:05
Golly发誓, I'm just totally完全 losing失去 it.
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天啊,我今天完全不在状态
01:07
My 44th patent专利; about the 15th invention发明.
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我的第44个专利,第15个发明
01:10
I call this hypersonic高超音速 sound声音.
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我称之为特超声
01:13
I'm going to play it for you in a couple一对 minutes分钟,
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我先播放几分钟给你们听
01:15
but I want to make an analogy比喻 before I do
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但是在这之前
01:17
to this.
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我要先道歉
01:20
I usually平时 show显示 this hypersonic高超音速 sound声音 and people will say,
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通常,我播放这个特超声后
01:23
That's really cool, but what's it good for?
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人们都会说确实很酷,但是有什么用呢?
01:26
And I say, What is the light bulb灯泡 good for?
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我则会说,那灯泡有什么用呢?
01:29
Sound声音, light: I'm going to draw the analogy比喻.
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我用声和光来举例
01:32
When Edison爱迪生 invented发明 the light bulb灯泡, pretty漂亮 much looked看着 like this.
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爱迪生发明的灯泡,和这个差不多
01:35
Hasn't有没有 changed that much.
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并没有太大的改进
01:37
Light came来了 out of it in every一切 direction方向.
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光向各个方向照射
01:40
Before the light bulb灯泡 was invented发明,
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在发明灯泡以前
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people had figured想通 out how to put a reflector反射器 behind背后 it,
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人们已经懂得,在其后面放一个反射器
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focus焦点 it a little bit;
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聚焦效果就会好些
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put lenses镜头 in front面前 of it,
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前面再放一个透镜
01:49
focus焦点 it a little bit better.
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效果会更好些
01:51
Ultimately最终, we figured想通 out how to make things like lasers激光器
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最终,我们掌握了如何制造激光
01:54
that were totally完全 focused重点.
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那就是完全聚焦
01:57
Now, think about where the world世界 would be today今天
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现在想象下,如果我们只有灯泡
01:59
if we had the light bulb灯泡,
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而不懂得聚焦
02:03
but you couldn't不能 focus焦点 light;
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如今的世界会是什么样子
02:05
if when you turned转身 one on it just went wherever哪里 it wanted to.
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你开灯后,光向任意方向照射
02:10
That's the way loudspeakers扩音器 pretty漂亮 much are.
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喇叭就和这个差不多
02:13
You turn on the loudspeaker喇叭,
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你打开喇叭
02:15
and after almost几乎 80 years年份 of having those gadgets小工具,
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在这个玩意已经被发明了80多年后
02:18
the sound声音 just kind of goes where it wants.
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声音还是像当初那样传播
02:21
Even when you're standing常设 in front面前 of a megaphone扩音器,
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就算你站在麦克风前面
02:23
it's pretty漂亮 much every一切 direction方向.
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传播的方向基本上也是任意方向
02:25
A little bit of differential微分, but not much.
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有一点点差别,但不是很多
02:28
If the light bulb灯泡 was the way the speaker扬声器 is,
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如果灯泡和喇叭一样
02:31
and you couldn't不能 focus焦点 or sharpen削尖 the edges边缘 or define确定 it,
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不能聚焦或限定它
02:34
we wouldn't不会 have that, or movies电影 in general一般,
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我们就不能播放幻灯片,电影
02:39
or computers电脑, or T.V. sets,
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电脑或电视机
02:42
or C.D.s, or DVDsDVD光盘 -- and just go down the list名单
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又或者CD和DVD,等等等等
02:45
of what the importance重要性 is
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其重要的特征都是
02:47
of being存在 able能够 to focus焦点 light.
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能聚焦
02:50
Now, after almost几乎 80 years年份 of having sound声音,
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在喇叭发明了80年后的今天
02:54
I thought it was about time that we figure数字 out
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我认为是时候掌握
02:56
a way to put sound声音 where you want to.
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如何将声音按照你们想要的方式传播了
03:00
I have a couple一对 of units单位.
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我带来了一组设备
03:02
That guy there was made制作 for a demo演示 I did yesterday昨天 early in the day
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这是用来演示的,我昨天早上做的
03:04
for a big car汽车 maker制作者 in Detroit底特律 who wants to put them in a car汽车 --
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底特律的一家知名汽车制造商想把它们安装在汽车上
03:07
small version, over your head --
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一个小的型号,可以戴在头上
03:09
so that you can actually其实 get binaural双耳 sound声音 in a car汽车.
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这样你就可以在汽车里面享受到真正的立体声
03:13
What if I could aim目标 sound声音 the way I aim目标 light?
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如果我能像瞄准光一样瞄准声音会怎么样?
03:18
I got this waterfall瀑布 I recorded记录 in my back yard.
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这是我在我家后院录的声音
03:21
Now, you're not going to hear a thing unless除非 it hits点击 you.
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现在,除非我对准你,否则你是听不到的
03:25
Maybe if I hit击中 the side wall it will bounce弹跳 around the room房间.
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也可能是我对准了侧壁,然后声波在屋内回荡
03:28
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
03:31
The sound声音 is being存在 made制作 right next下一个 to your ears耳朵. Is that cool?
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声音就在你耳边产生,很酷吧?
03:35
(Applause掌声)
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(鼓掌)
03:43
Because I have some limited有限 time, I'll cut it off for a second第二,
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因为时间有限,我中断一会
03:45
and tell you about how it works作品 and what it's good for.
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来讲解下它的原理和用途
03:48
Course课程, like light, it's great to be able能够 to put sound声音
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当然,能像光一样用声音勾勒出
03:51
to highlight突出 a clothing服装 rack, or the cornflakes玉米片, or the toothpaste牙膏,
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晾衣架,或者玉米片、牙膏
03:54
or a talking plaque牌匾 in a movie电影 theater剧院 lobby前厅.
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又或电影院大厅的公告板太好了
03:57
Sony's索尼公司 got an idea理念 -- Sony's索尼公司 our biggest最大 customers顾客 right now.
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索尼有一个想法--索尼是我们目前最大的客户
04:01
They tried试着 this back in the '60s
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60年代他们试过这些想法
04:03
and were too smart聪明, and so they gave up.
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但是由于太超前了,他们只能放弃
04:05
But they want to use it -- seriously认真地.
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但是他们还是想使用这些发明,真的
04:08
There's a mix混合 an inventor发明者 has to have.
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一个发明家必须是全才
04:10
You have to be kind of smart聪明,
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你必须非常聪明
04:12
and though虽然 I did not graduate毕业 from college学院 doesn't mean I'm stupid,
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虽然我不是大学毕业,但是不代表我笨
04:16
because you cannot不能 be stupid and do very much in the world世界 today今天.
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在这个世界上,太笨就会被淘汰
04:19
Too many许多 other smart聪明 people out there. So.
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因为聪明的人太多了
04:21
I just happened发生 to get my education教育 in a little different不同 way.
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我只是恰巧通过另一种方式接受教育
04:23
I'm not at all against反对 education教育.
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我不是完全反对教育
04:26
I think it's wonderful精彩; I think sometimes有时 people,
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我认为教育很好,只是认为有时候
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when they get educated博学, lose失去 it:
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人们去接受教育,却失去了教育
04:31
they get so smart聪明 they're unwilling不甘 to look at things that they know better than.
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过于自大,以至于不稀罕其他事物,因为他们认为自己更好
04:35
And we're living活的 in a great time right now,
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我们现在生活的时代很好
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because almost几乎 everything's一切的 being存在 explored探讨 anew重新.
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因为几乎所有东西都被重新探究过
04:41
I have this little slogan口号 that I use a lot, which哪一个 is:
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我有一个用很多次的口号,就是
04:44
virtually实质上 nothing --
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一无所有
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and I mean this honestly老老实实 --
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我是认真的
04:48
has been invented发明 yet然而.
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至今没有发明任何东西
04:50
We're just starting开始.
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我们仅仅在摸索的开端
04:52
We're just starting开始 to really discover发现 the laws法律 of nature性质 and science科学 and physics物理.
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我们对自然法则、科学、物理的探索才刚刚开始
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And this is, I hope希望, a little piece of it.
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对于所掌握的,我希望,只是冰山一角
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Sony's索尼公司 got this vision视力 back -- to get myself on track跟踪 --
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索尼开阔了眼界,并使我步入正轨
05:02
that when you stand in the checkout查看 line线 in the supermarket超级市场,
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当你站在超市的结账口时
05:05
you're going to watch a new T.V. channel渠道.
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你要看一个特别的电视频道
05:07
They know that when you watch T.V. at home,
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他们知道当你在家看电视时
05:09
because there are so many许多 choices选择
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由于你有很多的选择
05:11
you can change更改 channels渠道, miss小姐 their commercials广告.
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你可以换台,跳过他们的广告
05:15
A hundred and fifty-one五十一 million百万 people every一切 day stand in the line线 at the supermarket超级市场.
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每天有1.5亿人要站在超市的结账口
05:20
Now, they've他们已经 tried试着 this a couple一对 years年份 ago and it failed失败,
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如今,这个他们采用多年的方法出现问题了
05:22
because the checker检查 gets得到 tired of hearing听力 the same相同 message信息
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因为,收银员厌倦了听重复的信息
05:24
every一切 20 minutes分钟, and reaches到达 out, turns off the sound声音.
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每20分钟就循环一次
05:28
And, you know, if the sound声音 isn't there, the sale拍卖 typically一般 isn't made制作.
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大家知道 ,广告是促销的有效手段
05:31
For instance, like, when you're on an airplane飞机, they show显示 the movie电影,
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例如,当你在候机厅时
05:34
you get to watch it for free自由;
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你可以免费欣赏电影
05:36
when you want to hear the sound声音, you pay工资.
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但如果要听声音,你就需要购买
05:38
And so ABCABC and Sony索尼 have devised设计 this new thing
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所以ABC和索尼设计了一项新的试验
05:42
where when you step in the line线 in the supermarket超级市场 --
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当你走进超市的结账口时
05:45
initially原来 it'll它会 be SafewaysSafeways. It is SafewaysSafeways;
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最初将在西韦夫商店试验
05:48
they're trying this in three parts部分 of the country国家 right now --
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现在在全国的三家西韦夫商店测试
05:50
you'll你会 be watching观看 TV电视.
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你还是要观看电视频道
05:52
And hopefully希望 they'll他们会 be sensitive敏感
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但幸运的是,他们这次做的很谨慎
05:54
that they don't want to offend得罪 you with just one more outlet出口.
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因为他们不想让你再次被一个输出声音而干扰
05:56
But what's great about it, from the tests测试 that have been doneDONE, is,
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这个设计的的好亮点是
05:59
if you don't want to hear it,
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如果你不想听声音
06:01
you take about one step to the side and you don't hear it.
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你向旁边侧一步就听不到了
06:04
So, we create创建 silence安静 as much as we create创建 sound声音.
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因此 ,我们制造声音,但同时我们也创造安静
06:08
ATMs自动取款机 that talk to you; nobody没有人 else其他 hears就听 it.
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ATM机和你对话时,别人无法听到
06:11
Sit in bed, two in the morning早上, watch TV电视;
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凌晨两点,你坐在床上看电视
06:13
your spouse伴侣, or someone有人, is next下一个 to you, asleep睡着;
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你的爱人,或其他人还在旁边睡觉
06:17
doesn't hear it, doesn't wake唤醒 up.
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就听不到,也不会被吵醒
06:19
We're also working加工 on noise噪声 canceling取消 things like snoring打鼾, noise噪声 from automobiles汽车.
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我们同样致力于消除噪音,像鼾声或汽车的噪音
06:25
I have been really lucky幸运 with this technology技术:
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这项技术确实给我带来了好运
06:29
all of a sudden突然 as it is ready准备, the world世界 is ready准备 to accept接受 it.
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当这项技术成熟了,这个世界也就准备好了接受
06:34
They have literally按照字面 beat击败 a path路径 to our door.
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他们甚至在我们门前排起了队
06:36
We've我们已经 been selling销售 it since以来 about last September九月, October十月,
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我们从去年的九、十月份就开始发售这项技术
06:39
and it's been immensely非常 gratifying可喜.
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销量非常不错
06:42
If you're interested有兴趣 in what it costs成本 -- I'm not selling销售 them today今天 --
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如果你对价格感兴趣,但今天不卖
06:44
but this unit单元, with the electronics电子产品 and everything,
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这套设备,包括电子器件和其他所有的零件
06:46
if you buy购买 one, is around a thousand bucks雄鹿.
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每套售价在1000美元左右
06:48
We expect期望 by this time next下一个 year,
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我们希望在明年的这个时候
06:50
it'll它会 be hundreds数以百计, a few少数 hundred bucks雄鹿, to buy购买 it.
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价格可以降到几百美元
06:52
It's not any more pricey昂贵的 than regular定期 electronics电子产品.
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相比家用电器,这一点都不贵
06:56
Now, when I played发挥 it for you, you didn't hear the thunderous雷鸣 bass低音.
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现在,当我播放时,你们听不到嘈杂的低声
07:00
This unit单元 that I played发挥 goes from about 200 hertz赫兹 to above以上 the range范围 of hearing听力.
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这组设备播放的声音可以达到200赫兹,超过了听觉范围
07:05
It's actually其实 emitting发光 ultrasound超声 -- low-level低级别 ultrasound超声 --
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实际上它是在发射超声波,低电平的超声波
07:09
that's about 100,000 vibrations振动 per second第二.
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振动频率是每秒十万次
07:12
And the sound声音 that you're hearing听力,
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你现在听到的声音
07:14
unlike不像 a regular定期 speaker扬声器 on which哪一个 all the sound声音 is made制作 on the face面对,
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和在表面制造声音的普通喇叭不同
07:18
is made制作 out in front面前 of it, in the air空气.
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这个是外部,在空气中制造声音
07:21
The air空气 is not linear线性, as we've我们已经 always been taught.
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正如我们一直被告诉的,空气是非线性的
07:25
You turn up the volume just a little bit --
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把音量稍微调高一点
07:27
I'm talking about a little over 80 decibels分贝 --
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我的意思是略高于80分贝
07:30
and all of a sudden突然 the air空气 begins开始 to corrupt腐败 signals信号 you propagate传播.
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突然之间空气开始将传播的信号扭曲化
07:34
Here's这里的 why: the speed速度 of sound声音 is not a constant不变. It's fairly相当 slow.
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原因是:声速不是常数。相当慢
07:39
It changes变化 with temperature温度 and with barometric气压 pressure压力.
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但是声速根据温度和气压的变化而变化
07:43
Now, imagine想像, if you will, without getting得到 too technical技术,
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现在,想象一下不用任何高科技水段
07:46
I'm making制造 a little sine正弦 wave here in the air空气.
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我在空气中制造一些正弦波
07:49
Well, if I turn up the amplitude振幅 too much,
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如果我将振幅调的过大
07:52
I'm having an effect影响 on the pressure压力,
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则会对气压产生影响
07:55
which哪一个 means手段 during the making制造 of that sine正弦 wave,
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也就是说在制造正弦波的同时
07:58
the speed速度 at which哪一个 it is propagating传播 is shifting.
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声音的传播速度发生了变化
08:01
All of audio音频 as we know it
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我们常见的广播
08:04
is an attempt尝试 to be more and more perfectly完美 linear线性.
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是力图接近完美的线性化
08:08
Linearity线性 means手段 higher更高 quality质量 sound声音.
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线性化意味着更好的音质
08:12
Hypersonic高超音速 sound声音 is exactly究竟 the opposite对面:
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特超声则完全相反
08:16
it's 100 percent百分 based基于 on non-linearity非线性.
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它属于完全的非线性
08:20
An effect影响 happens发生 in the air空气, it's a corrupting腐败 effect影响 of the sound声音 --
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它也作用于空气,但是是相反的效果
08:25
the ultrasound超声 in this case案件 -- that's emitted发射,
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这就是特超声
08:28
but it's so predictable可预测
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但是它是可预测的
08:30
that you can produce生产 very precise精确 audio音频 out of that effect影响.
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你可以制造精确的广播来消除这种影响
08:34
Now, the question is, where's哪里 the sound声音 made制作?
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现在的问题是,那么声音从何而来?
08:37
Instead代替 of being存在 made制作 on the face面对 of the cone锥体,
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不是在这个表面形成
08:39
it's made制作 at literally按照字面 billions数十亿 of little independent独立 points
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而是沿着空气中这条狭窄的带
08:43
along沿 this narrow狭窄 column in the air空气,
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数亿计独立的点而形成的
08:47
and so when I aim目标 it towards you,
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所以当我把它对准你
08:49
what you hear is made制作 right next下一个 to your ears耳朵.
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你听到的声音就在耳边形成
08:52
I said we can shorten缩短 the column,
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我说过我们可以缩短这条带
08:55
we can spread传播 it out to cover the couch长椅.
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我们可以将其扩散以覆盖整排座椅
08:57
I can put it so that one ear hears就听 one speaker扬声器,
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我可以将其设置成只一支耳朵听一个喇叭
09:00
the other ear hears就听 the other. That's true真正 binaural双耳 sound声音.
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而另一只听的是其他的声音,这才是真正的立体声
09:04
When you listen to stereo立体声 on your home system系统,
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当你用家庭影院的音响时
09:07
your both ears耳朵 hear both speakers音箱.
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你两耳听到的都是一个喇叭的声音
09:10
Turn on the left speaker扬声器 sometime某时
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就算只打开左边的喇叭
09:12
and notice注意 you're hearing听力 it also in your right ear.
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你右耳还是能听到左边喇叭的声音
09:14
So, the stage阶段 is more restricted限制 --
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而剧院的情况就更糟了
09:17
the sound声音 stage阶段 that's supposed应该 to spread传播 out in front面前 of you.
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剧院的声音是在你的前方散播
09:20
Because the sound声音 is made制作 in the air空气 along沿 this column,
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因为声音时沿着空气中这条带形成
09:23
it does not follow跟随 the inverse square广场 law,
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它不遵循平方反比定律
09:25
which哪一个 says it drops滴剂 off about two thirds三分之二
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也就是说距离每增加一倍
09:28
every一切 time you double the distance距离:
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它就会减弱大约三分之二
09:30
6dBD b every一切 time you go from one meter仪表, for instance, to two meters.
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例如:你从1米走到2米,声音就会减弱6分贝
09:35
That means手段 you go to a rock concert音乐会 or a symphony交响乐,
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而现在,你去听摇滚音乐会或交响乐会时
09:38
and the guy in the front面前 row gets得到 the same相同 level水平
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前排和后排
09:40
as the guy in the back row, now, all of a sudden突然.
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享受到的效果是一样的
09:42
Isn't that terrific了不起?
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了不起吧?
09:45
So, we've我们已经 been, as I say, very successful成功, very lucky幸运,
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所以,正如我所说的,非常成功也非常幸运
09:48
in having companies公司 catch抓住 the vision视力 of this,
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很多公司对这个发明感兴趣
09:51
from cars汽车 -- car汽车 makers制造商 who want to put a stereo立体声 system系统 in the front面前 for the kids孩子,
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汽车制造商想为儿童在汽车的前排安装一个音响系统
09:55
and a separate分离 system系统 in the back --
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在后排再另装一个独立的系统
09:57
oh, no, the kids孩子 aren't driving主动 today今天.
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噢,不,儿童是禁止驾驶的
09:59
(Laughter笑声)
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(观众笑)
10:00
I was seeing眼看 if you were listening.
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我是在试探你们是不是睡着了
10:02
Actually其实, I haven't没有 had breakfast早餐 yet然而.
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实际上,我还没有吃早餐
10:04
A stereo立体声 system系统 in the front面前 for mom妈妈 and dad,
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为大人在前排安装一个立体音响系统
10:08
and maybe there's a little DVDDVD player播放机 in the back for the kids孩子,
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在后排为孩子们装一个迷你的DVD播放器
10:11
and the parents父母 don't want to be bothered困扰 with that,
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这样父母就不会被后排的DVD
10:13
or their rap敲击 music音乐 or whatever随你.
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或者摇滚音乐或其他的东西所打扰
10:15
So, again, this idea理念 of being存在 able能够 to put sound声音 anywhere随地 you want to
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因此,随心所欲控制声音的想法
10:18
is really starting开始 to catch抓住 on.
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正在开始变成现实
10:20
It also works作品 for transmitting发射 and communicating通信 data数据.
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它还可以应用于数据的传送和通信
10:24
It also works作品 five times better underwater水下.
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传播的速度比在水下的快4倍
10:27
We've我们已经 got the military军事 -- have just deployed部署 some of these into Iraq伊拉克,
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我们已经得到军方的订单,并将其中一些应用在伊拉克
10:31
where you can put fake troop部队 movements运动
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比如在四分之一英里远的山坡上
10:34
quarter25美分硬币 of a mile英里 away on a hillside山坡.
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制造军队调遣的假象
10:36
(Laughter笑声)
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(观众笑)
10:39
Or you can whisper耳语 in the ear of a supposed应该 terrorist恐怖分子 some Biblical圣经 verse.
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或者在一个恐怖嫌疑分子耳边小声念圣经
10:43
(Laughter笑声)
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(观众笑)
10:45
I'm serious严重. And they have these infrared红外线 devices设备
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我是认真的 他们确实有这样的红外线装置
10:51
that can look at their countenance面容,
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他们用它可以在100码远的地方
10:54
and see a fraction分数 of a degree Kelvin in temperature温度 shift转移
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看到恐怖分子的面部表情
10:58
from 100 yards away when they play this thing.
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和温度变化中的绝对温度率
11:01
And so, another另一个 way of hopefully希望 determining决定 who's谁是 friendly友善 and who isn't.
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另外,也可以用以辨别敌友
11:05
We make a version with this which哪一个 puts看跌期权 out 155 decibels分贝.
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我们做一个155分贝的版本
11:10
Pain疼痛 is 120.
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痛苦指数是120
11:12
So it allows允许 you to go nearly几乎 a mile英里 away and communicate通信 with people,
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它可以使你在一英里外与其他人交流
11:16
and there can be a public上市 beach海滩 just off to the side,
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那可以是在一个公共的海滩上
11:18
and they don't even know it's turned转身 on.
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而他们根本不知道这打开了
11:20
We sell those to the military军事 presently目前 for about 70,000 dollars美元,
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我们卖给军方的售价是7万美元
11:24
and they're buying购买 them as fast快速 as we can make them.
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我们做多少他们就买多少
11:26
We put it on a turret炮塔 with a camera相机, so that when they shoot射击 at you,
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我们通过一个照相机把它安装在塔楼上,因此当恐怖分子对你射击时
11:31
you're over there, and it's there.
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你其实在另外一个地方 这里相只是一台照相机
11:34
I have a bunch of other inventions发明.
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我还有很多其他的发明
11:36
I invented发明 a plasma等离子体 antenna天线, to shift转移 gears齿轮.
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我发明过一个用来变速的等离子体天线
11:38
Looked看着 up at the ceiling天花板 of my office办公室 one day --
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有一天 我正在仰望办公室的天花板
11:41
I was working加工 on a ground-penetrating地面穿透 radar雷达 project项目 --
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当时正在做一个探底雷达的项目
11:45
and my physicist物理学家 CEOCEO came来了 in and said, "We have a real真实 problem问题.
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这时 物理学家CEO进来说:“ 我们遇到麻烦了
11:49
We're using运用 very short wavelengths波长.
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我们采用的波长太短
11:52
We've我们已经 got a problem问题 with the antenna天线 ringing铃声.
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因此天线的铃声有问题
11:54
When you run very short wavelengths波长,
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当你采用很短的波长时
11:56
like a tuning调音 fork叉子 the antenna天线 resonates共振,
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天线就会和音叉产生共振
11:58
and there's more energy能源 coming未来 out of the antenna天线
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而且从天线中传出来的能量
12:00
than there is the backscatter后向散射 from the ground地面
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比来自于地面的反向散射要多
12:02
that we're trying to analyze分析, taking服用 too much processing处理."
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我们正在尝试分析试 但数据处理的工作量太大了
12:05
I says, "Why don't we make an antenna天线 that only exists存在 when you want it?
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我说 为什么不做一个只有用的时候才存在的天线?
12:10
Turn it on; turn it off.
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可以打开可以关闭
12:13
That's a fluorescent tube refined精制."
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那是一个细致化的荧光管
12:18
I just sold出售 that for a million百万 and a half dollars美元, cash现金.
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我卖了150万美元 现金付款
12:21
I took it back to the Pentagon五角大楼 after it got declassified解密,
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在它被破解后 我将其收回给五角大楼
12:24
when the patent专利 issued发行, and told the people back there about it,
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当专利被批准后 我告诉他们它的来由时
12:28
and they laughed笑了, and then I took them back a demo演示 and they bought.
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他们笑了 然后我带去了一个样品 他们买下来了
12:30
(Laughter笑声)
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(观众笑)
12:32
Any of you ever wore穿着 a Jabber叽里咕噜 headphone耳机 -- the little cell细胞 headphones头戴耳机?
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你们有人戴过Jabber耳机吗 迷你型手机耳机?
12:37
That's my invention发明. I sold出售 that for seven million百万 dollars美元.
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那是我发明的 当时的售价是七百万美元
12:39
Big mistake错误: it just sold出售 for 80 million百万 dollars美元 two years年份 ago.
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算盘打错了:两年前 这个技术的转让费用是八千万美元
12:43
I actually其实 drew德鲁 that up on a little crummy照出 Mac苹果电脑 computer电脑
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实际上,我就是在家里阁楼上
12:46
in my attic阁楼 at my house,
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那台破苹果机上设计的
12:49
and one of the many许多 designs设计 which哪一个 they have now
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现在很多的发明
12:52
is still the same相同 design设计 I drew德鲁 way back when.
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和我当初设计时的一样
12:54
So, I've been really lucky幸运 as an inventor发明者.
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因此作为一名发明者,我很幸运
12:57
I'm the happiest最幸福 guy you're ever going to meet遇到.
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我是你们遇到的最开心的人
13:01
And my dad died死亡 before he realized实现 anybody任何人 in the family家庭
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我的父亲在他可以看到这个家庭
13:06
would maybe, hopefully希望, make something out of themselves他们自己.
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可能或者有希望有所成就前就去世了
13:09
You've been a great audience听众. I know I've jumped跳下 all over the place地点.
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你们是很棒的观众 我知道我省略了很多细节
13:11
I usually平时 figure数字 out what my talk is when I get up in front面前 of a group.
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我经常是站在观众前后才想起我演讲的主题是什么
13:14
Let me give you, in the last minute分钟,
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在这最后时刻我来告诉你
13:16
one more quick demo演示 of this guy,
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为了那些没有听到的观众
13:19
for those of you that haven't没有 heard听说 it.
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我再来演示一遍
13:22
Can never tell if it's on.
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永远不知道是开着还是关着
13:24
If you haven't没有 heard听说 it, raise提高 your hand.
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没听到的请举手
13:29
Getting入门 it over there?
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好了吗
13:32
Get the cameraman摄影师.
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让摄影师也听一下
13:35
Yeah, there you go.
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好嘞
13:37
I've got a Coke可乐 can opening开盘 that's right in your head; that's really cool.
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我在你脑袋里面打开了可乐瓶 太酷了
13:40
Thank you once一旦 again.
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再次感谢
13:42
Appreciate欣赏 it very much.
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非常感谢
Translated by Andy ZHAO
Reviewed by Jenny Yang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Woody Norris - Inventor
Woody Norris is a serial inventor of electronics, tools and cutting-edge sonic equipment -- such as the LRAD acoustic cannon.

Why you should listen

When Woody Norris won the Lemelson-MIT Prize in 2005, his official prize bio called him "a classic independent inventor ... self-educated, self-funded and self-motivated." His mind seems to race toward things the world needs, though we don't know it yet: a nonlethal acoustic weapon that has been used to ward off pirates, a bone-induction headset, radar that can scan the human body, a tapeless tape recorder ...

Norris' educational background is a key to his restless mind. He is not quite "self-educated" -- he's taken many classes, but always at his own speed and in his own style, studying the things he knew he wanted to know and working closely with professors. Ironically, it's a model that cutting-edge colleges are now embracing.

His inventions have seeded several public companies. Recently he has been working on the AirScooter -- a sort of propeller-powered counterpart to the Moller SkyCar.

More profile about the speaker
Woody Norris | Speaker | TED.com