ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cynthia Schneider - Cultural diplomacy expert
Cynthia Schneider studies culture and politics -- watching how novels, TV shows and cultural engagement around the globe (and especially within the Muslim world) might lead to political change. She was the US ambassador to the Netherlands from 1998 to 2001.

Why you should listen

Cynthia P. Schneider is a Fellow at the Brookings Institution, where she leads the Arts and Culture Initiative within the Saban Center for Middle East Policy. In her work, she looks at the Muslim world through its cultural products (movies, films, books and shows), and searches for clues to deeper social change.

More profile about the speaker
Cynthia Schneider | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2009

Cynthia Schneider: The surprising spread of Idol TV

Cynthia Schneider:选秀节目掀起追捧热潮

Filmed:
557,661 views

Cynthia Schneider列举两个和“美国偶像”同类型的节目----分别为阿富汗和阿联酋的节目----展示了电视选秀节目在不同的社会中展现出的惊人的效果
- Cultural diplomacy expert
Cynthia Schneider studies culture and politics -- watching how novels, TV shows and cultural engagement around the globe (and especially within the Muslim world) might lead to political change. She was the US ambassador to the Netherlands from 1998 to 2001. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
I'd like to ask you,
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我想问一下大家
00:17
what do these three people have in common共同?
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以下这三个人有什么共同之处?
00:22
Well, you probably大概 recognize认识 the first person.
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你们可能都认得第一位
00:24
I'm sure you're all avid狂热 "American美国 Idol偶像" watchers观察家.
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我相信你们都是"美国偶像"的忠实观众
00:27
But you might威力 not recognize认识 AydahAydah Al JahaniJahani,
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你们也许不认识Aydah Al Jahani
00:30
who is a contestant选手, indeed确实 a finalist决赛,
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她是一位参赛选手,实际上
00:33
in the Poet诗人 of the Millions百万 competition竞争,
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她是“百万诗人”比赛的决赛选手
00:36
which哪一个 is broadcast广播 out of Abu阿布 Dhabi阿布扎比,
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这档节目不仅在阿卜杜比播出
00:38
and seen看到 throughout始终 the Arab阿拉伯 world世界.
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在整个阿拉伯世界都有观众
00:40
In this contest比赛
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这个比赛
00:42
people have to write and recite背诵
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要求选手创作并朗诵
00:45
original原版的 poetry诗歌, in the NabatiNabati form形成 of poetry诗歌,
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原创诗歌,且为纳巴蒂体
00:48
which哪一个 is the traditional传统 Bedouin贝都因人 form形成.
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这是一种传统的贝都因部落的诗歌形式
00:51
And Lima利马 Sahar萨哈尔 was a finalist决赛
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Lima Sahar也是一位决赛选手
00:54
in the Afghan阿富汗 Star singing唱歌 competition竞争.
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她参加的是"阿富汗之星"歌唱比赛
00:58
Now, before I go any further进一步,
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在我继续之前
01:00
yes, I know it all began开始 with "Britain's英国的 Got Talent天赋."
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是的,我知道"英国达人"是此类节目的鼻祖
01:04
But my point in discussing讨论 this
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但我所说的重点
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is to show显示 you -- I hope希望 I'll be able能够 to show显示 you
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是想向大家说明-- 希望我可以讲清楚
01:10
how these merit-based任人唯贤 competitions比赛,
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这些比拼才艺的竞赛
01:14
with equal等于 access访问 to everyone大家,
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人人均可参与
01:17
with the winner优胜者 selected via通过 voting表决 by SMS短信,
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通过短信投票选出胜者
01:20
are changing改变 tribal部落的 societies社会.
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它们如何改变部落社会
01:23
And I'm going to focus焦点 on Afghanistan阿富汗
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我将以阿富汗
01:25
and the Arab阿拉伯 world世界 with the UAE阿联酋,
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和阿拉伯世界的阿联酋为例
01:28
how they're changing改变 tribal部落的 societies社会,
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他们改变部落社会的方法
01:31
not by introducing引入 Western西 ideas思路,
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并不是通过引入西方思想
01:33
but by being存在 integrated集成 into the language语言 in those places地方.
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而是通过融合各部落的语言
01:37
It all begins开始 with enjoyment享受.
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一切以娱乐开始
01:42
Video视频: We are late晚了 to watch "Afghan阿富汗 Star."
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我们来不及看"阿富汗之星"了
01:45
We are going to watch "Afghan阿富汗 Star." We are late晚了.
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我们要看"阿富汗之星" 已经晚了
01:48
We are running赛跑 late晚了.
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我们要晚了
01:51
We must必须 go to watch "Afghan阿富汗 Star."
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我们一定要去看"阿富汗之星"
01:56
Cynthia辛西娅 Schneider施耐德: These programs程式 are reaching到达 incredibly令人难以置信 deeply into society社会.
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这些节目已经深入人心
02:01
In Afghanistan阿富汗, people go to extraordinary非凡 lengths长度
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在阿富汗,人们不远数里
02:04
to be able能够 to watch this program程序.
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为了能够看到这个节目
02:06
And you don't necessarily一定 have to have your own拥有 TV电视 set.
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自家没有电视也没有关系
02:09
People watch it all over the country国家
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全国上下都在收看这一节目
02:11
also in public上市 places地方.
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甚至在公共场所都有得看
02:14
But it goes beyond watching观看,
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但不仅仅是观看这么简单
02:17
because also, part部分 of this
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因为,其中的一部分
02:20
is campaigning竞选.
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是拉选票
02:22
People become成为 so engaged订婚
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人人参与
02:24
that they have volunteers志愿者, just like political政治 volunteers志愿者 anyway无论如何,
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甚至还有志愿者,类似政治选举的志愿者
02:28
who fan风扇 out over the countryside农村,
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他们跑遍全国上下
02:31
campaigning竞选 for their candidate候选人.
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为他们支持的选手拉票
02:34
Contestants参赛者 also put themselves他们自己 forward前锋.
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选手们也主动推销自己
02:37
Now, of course课程 there is a certain某些 degree of ethnic民族 allegiance忠诚, but not entirely完全.
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当然,一些人只把选票投给来自本地区的选手,但并非完全如此
02:41
Because each year the winner优胜者 has come from a different不同 tribal部落的 group.
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因为每年的冠军都来自不同的部落
02:46
This has opened打开 up the door,
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谁都可以报名参赛
02:48
particularly尤其 for women妇女.
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尤其是对于女性来说
02:50
And in the last season季节 there were two women妇女 in the finalists入围.
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上一个赛季,有两位女选手闯入了决赛
02:53
One of them, Lima利马 Sahar萨哈尔, is a Pashtun普什图族 from Kandahar坎大哈,
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其中一位的Lima Sahar是普什图族人,来自坎大哈
02:56
a very conservative保守 part部分 of the country国家.
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一个非常保守的地区
02:59
And here she relates涉及, in the documentary记录 film电影 "Afghan阿富汗 Star,"
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在"阿富汗之星"的记录片中,她告诉我们
03:03
how her friends朋友 urged敦促 her not to do this
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她的朋友们劝她不要参赛
03:06
and told her that she was leaving离开 them for democracy民主.
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说她为了民主背离了他们
03:09
But she also confides倾诉 that
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但同时她透露
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she knows知道 that members会员 of the Taliban塔利班
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她知道有塔利班基地组织成员
03:14
are actually其实 SMS-ingSMS-ING votes in for her.
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发短信为她投票
03:19
AydahAydah Al JahnaniJahnani also took risks风险
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Aydah Al Jahnani也是冒风险
03:22
and put herself她自己 out, to compete竞争
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去参加
03:24
in the Poet诗人 of the Millions百万 competition竞争.
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“百万诗人”的比赛
03:27
I have to say, her husband丈夫 backed已备份 her from the start开始.
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我必须说,她的丈夫从一开始就支持她
03:31
But her tribe部落 and family家庭 urged敦促 her not to compete竞争
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但是她的部落和家庭都不支持
03:34
and were very much against反对 it.
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甚至极力反对她参加
03:36
But, once一旦 she started开始 to win赢得,
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但当她开始赢得比赛时
03:39
then they got behind背后 her again.
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他们就开始支持她了
03:41
It turns out that competition竞争 and winning胜利 is a universal普遍 human人的 value.
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看来竞争和好胜是全人类的价值取向
03:47
And she's out there.
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她参加比赛
03:49
Her poetry诗歌 is about women妇女,
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写的诗歌是关于女性
03:52
and the life of women妇女 in society社会.
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以及社会中妇女生活情况的
03:55
So just by presenting呈现 herself她自己
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仅仅通过展现自己
03:57
and being存在 in competition竞争 with men男人 --
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和男性同台竞技
03:59
this shows节目 the voting表决 on the program程序 --
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从节目的投票结果可以看出
04:01
it sets a very important重要 example for young年轻 women妇女 --
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她为年轻女性做出了很好的榜样
04:04
these are young年轻 women妇女 in the audience听众 of the program程序 --
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节目观众中有年轻女性
04:07
in Abu阿布 Dhabi阿布扎比, but also people in the viewing观看 audience听众.
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在阿卜杜比,还有电视机前的观众
04:11
Now you'd think that "American美国 Idol偶像"
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你们可能认为"美国偶像"
04:13
would introduce介绍 a measure测量 of Americanization美国化.
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会带来美国化的潮流
04:16
But actually其实, just the opposite对面 is happening事件.
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但事实却恰恰相反
04:19
By using运用 this engaging popular流行 format格式
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通过全民动员的形式
04:22
for traditional传统, local本地 culture文化,
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弘扬传统本土文化
04:25
it actually其实, in the Gulf海湾, is precipitating沉淀 a revival复兴
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实际上促使海湾地区人民
04:28
of interest利益 in NabatiNabati poetry诗歌,
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重拾对纳巴蒂体诗歌的关注
04:30
also in traditional传统 dress连衣裙 and dance舞蹈 and music音乐.
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传统服饰、舞蹈、音乐也开始得到复兴
04:34
And for Afghanistan阿富汗,
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在阿富汗
04:36
where the Taliban塔利班 banned取缔 music音乐 for many许多 years年份,
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塔利班管制音乐已多年
04:40
it is reintroducing重新引入 their traditional传统 music音乐.
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这个活动重新向人们介绍了他们的传统音乐
04:42
They don't sing pop流行的 songs歌曲,
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他们不唱流行歌曲
04:44
they sing Afghan阿富汗 music音乐.
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他们唱阿富汗民歌
04:47
And they also have learned学到了 how to lose失去 gracefully优雅,
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他们也开始学会体面地接受失败
04:50
without avenging复仇的 the winner优胜者.
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而不是对胜出者进行报复
04:52
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
04:54
No small thing.
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样样都很重要
04:56
And the final最后, sort分类 of, formulation公式
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最后,一种
05:02
of this "American美国 Idol偶像" format格式,
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终极版的“美国偶像”形式的节目
05:05
which哪一个 has just appeared出现 in Afghanistan阿富汗,
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在阿富汗新鲜出炉
05:07
is a new program程序 called "The Candidate候选人."
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这档节目叫做“候选人”
05:10
And in this program程序, people present当下
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在节目中,人们提出
05:12
policy政策 platforms平台 that are then voted on.
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政策主张,然后进行投票
05:15
Many许多 of them are too young年轻 to run for president主席,
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虽然许多参赛选手太年轻,不能竞选总统
05:18
but by putting the issues问题 out there,
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但通过提出提议
05:20
they are influencing影响 the presidential总统 race种族.
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他们影响着总统竞选
05:22
So for me, the substance物质 of things unseen看不见
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对我来说,潜在的意义是
05:25
is how reality现实 TV电视 is driving主动 reality现实.
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看真人秀节目如何影响现实
05:29
Thank you.
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谢谢
05:31
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Yuan Zhao
Reviewed by Xinli Geng

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cynthia Schneider - Cultural diplomacy expert
Cynthia Schneider studies culture and politics -- watching how novels, TV shows and cultural engagement around the globe (and especially within the Muslim world) might lead to political change. She was the US ambassador to the Netherlands from 1998 to 2001.

Why you should listen

Cynthia P. Schneider is a Fellow at the Brookings Institution, where she leads the Arts and Culture Initiative within the Saban Center for Middle East Policy. In her work, she looks at the Muslim world through its cultural products (movies, films, books and shows), and searches for clues to deeper social change.

More profile about the speaker
Cynthia Schneider | Speaker | TED.com