ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jonathan Klein - Executive
Jonathan Klein runs Getty Images, a stock photo agency whose vast archive of still photography and illustrations is a mainstay of the creative class.

Why you should listen

Even if you're an infrequent (or less sporty) user of the World Wide Web, chances are the last time you logged on -- perhaps on the very last page you visited -- you've come across an image sourced from stock photo agency Getty Images. Photos and illustrations from Getty can be found everywhere, for just about every purpose you can imagine. It shouldn't surprise you that Getty began in the Internet age, leaving print-era agencies in the dust by using Internet and CD-ROM distribution since day one.

Jonathan Klein, Getty's co-founder (along with Mark Getty) and the current CEO, helped drive its success over the past 15 years. He led it during its aggressive archive acquisition campaign through the '90s and now in the 2000s, adding to its formidable collection of editorial photos, footage and music. But his business skill is only part of his story; to hear Klein talk, one is quick to catch his passionate enthusiasm for the power of images -- not only to document moments in our lives and in history, not just to sell products or turn over PR campaigns -- but to shift public opinion and, perhaps, make the world more just.

Klein serves on the board of the Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS and on the board of Real Networks (media software company and creator of the popular RealPlayer).

More profile about the speaker
Jonathan Klein | Speaker | TED.com
TED2010

Jonathan Klein: Photos that changed the world

乔纳森·克雷恩:改变世界的照片

Filmed:
1,357,336 views

图片远不止记录历史——他们创造历史。在TED大学,Getty Images的乔纳森·克雷恩向我们展示了一些最具代表性的照片。他还告诉我们当一代人看到那些他们无法不关注的照片时会发生什么。
- Executive
Jonathan Klein runs Getty Images, a stock photo agency whose vast archive of still photography and illustrations is a mainstay of the creative class. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
In my industry行业,
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干我们这行的人,
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we believe that images图片 can change更改 the world世界.
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都相信图片是可以改变世界的。
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Okay, we're naive幼稚, we're bright-eyed and bushy-tailed浓密尾.
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好吧,我们是很天真,我们又明亮的双眼和毛绒绒的尾巴。
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The truth真相 is that we know that the
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实际上,我们都知道,
00:25
images图片 themselves他们自己 don't change更改 the world世界,
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图片本身不会改变世界。
00:27
but we're also aware知道的 that, since以来 the beginning开始 of photography摄影,
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但我们也清楚,摄影业刚发展起来的时候,
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images图片 have provoked reactions反应 in people,
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图片就已经在人群中激起了波澜。
00:33
and those reactions反应 have caused造成 change更改 to happen发生.
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而那些波澜就造成了变革。
00:36
So let's begin开始 with a group of images图片.
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大家先看一组图片吧。
00:39
I'd be extremely非常 surprised诧异
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如果你们没认出它们中的大部分,
00:41
if you didn't recognize认识 many许多 or most of them.
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我会很吃惊的。
00:44
They're best最好 described描述 as iconic标志性的:
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这些都是被称作“具有代表性”的图片。
00:46
so iconic标志性的, perhaps也许, they're cliches陈词滥调.
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太有代表性了,可能算陈词滥调了。
00:49
In fact事实, they're so well-known知名
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实际上,它们非常有名。
00:51
that you might威力 even recognize认识 them
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估计你都能
00:53
in a slightly or somewhat有些 different不同 form形成.
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认出他们的另一种形式。
00:57
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑)
01:00
But I think we're looking for something more.
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我觉得我们要的不止这些。
01:02
We're looking for something more.
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我们需要更多。
01:04
We're looking for images图片 that shine闪耀
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我们需要那些
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an uncompromising坚定的 light on crucial关键 issues问题,
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在关键问题上决不妥协的图片,
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images图片 that transcend超越 borders国界, that transcend超越 religions宗教,
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那些超越国界,超越宗教的图片,
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images图片 that provoke us
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那些
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to step up and do something --
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让我们勇敢站出来做些什么的图片。
01:16
in other words, to act法案.
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也就是,去改变。
01:18
Well, this image图片 you've all seen看到.
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这幅图,你们都见过。
01:21
It changed our view视图 of the physical物理 world世界.
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它改变了我们对物质世界的认知。
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We had never seen看到 our planet行星 from this perspective透视 before.
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我们从没在这个角度看我们的星球。
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Many许多 people credit信用
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很多人都把环保运动的开始,
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a lot of the birth分娩 of the environmental环境的 movement运动
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归功于人们
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to our seeing眼看 the planet行星 like this
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第一次见到
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for the first time --
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这样的地球,
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its smallness渺小, its fragility脆弱性.
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它那么小,那么脆弱。
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Forty四十 years年份 later后来, this group, more than most,
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四十年后,这些环保团体,
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are well aware知道的 of the destructive有害 power功率
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逐渐意识到我们这个物种
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that our species种类 can wield over our environment环境.
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对环境的毁灭性破坏力。
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And at last, we appear出现 to be doing something about it.
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后来,我们开始对此采取行动。
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This destructive有害 power功率 takes many许多 different不同 forms形式.
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这些毁灭性破坏力表现在不同方面。
01:52
For example, these images图片 taken采取 by Brent黑雁 StirtonStirton
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比方说布伦特·斯蒂尔顿(Brent Stirton)
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in the Congo刚果.
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在刚果拍摄的这些照片,
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These gorillas大猩猩 were murdered谋杀, some would even say crucified钉在十字架上,
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这些大猩猩被人宰杀,可能你还会说它们被钉在十字架上。
02:00
and unsurprisingly勿庸置疑,
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毫无疑问,
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they sparked引发 international国际 outrage暴行.
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这些照片在国际上引起了强烈反响。
02:04
Most recently最近,
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最近,
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we've我们已经 been tragically可悲 reminded提醒 of the destructive有害 power功率 of nature性质 itself本身
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海地的地震,
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with the recent最近 earthquake地震 in Haiti海地.
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让我们认识到了大自然本身的破坏力。
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Well, I think what is far worse更差
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我觉得人类的自相残杀
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is man's男人的 destructive有害 power功率 over man.
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比上面说的那些可怕的多。
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Samuel塞缪尔 Pisar皮萨, an Auschwitz奥斯威辛 survivor幸存者, said,
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萨缪尔·皮萨(Samuel Pisar),一个奥斯威辛集中营的幸存者
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and I'll quote引用 him,
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曾经说过(我在这里引用他的话),
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"The Holocaust大屠杀 teaches us that nature性质,
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(纳粹对犹太人的)屠杀告诉我们,
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even in its cruelest最残酷 moments瞬间,
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自然,即使是它最残忍的时候,
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is benign良性 in comparison对照 with man,
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和一个失去理智和道德准则的人比起来,
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when he loses失去 his moral道德 compass罗盘 and his reason原因."
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还是要仁慈的多。
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There's another另一个 kind of crucifixion受难.
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人类还有其他的暴行。
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The horrifying可怕的 images图片 from Abu阿布 Ghraib格莱布
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美军虐囚的骇人图片,
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as well as the images图片 from Guantanamo关塔那摩
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还有这些关塔那摩的图片,
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had a profound深刻 impact碰撞.
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都产生了深远影响。
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The publication出版物 of those images图片,
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相较于这些照片本身,
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as opposed反对 to the images图片 themselves他们自己,
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它们的公开,
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caused造成 a government政府 to change更改 its policies政策.
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才是让政府改变政策的原因。
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Some would argue争论 that it is those images图片
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有些人认为,是这些照片
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that did more to fuel汽油 the insurgency暴动 in Iraq伊拉克
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导致伊拉克的暴动进一步升级,
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than virtually实质上 any other single act法案.
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它们比其他任何行动更有影响力。
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Furthermore此外, those images图片 forever永远 removed去除
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而且,这些照片永久性地摧毁了
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the so-called所谓 moral道德 high ground地面 of the occupying占用 forces军队.
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驻伊美军的所谓道德高地。
03:02
Let's go back a little.
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让我们回顾历史。
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In the 1960s and 1970s,
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上世纪六七十年代,
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the Vietnam越南 War战争 was basically基本上 shown显示
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越战的画面,
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in America's美国 living活的 rooms客房 day in, day out.
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在电视上反复播放。
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News新闻 photos相片 brought people face面对 to face面对
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新闻图片让人们
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with the victims受害者 of the war战争: a little girl女孩 burned by napalm凝固汽油,
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直面战争的受害者,被汽油弹烧伤的小女孩,
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a student学生 killed杀害 by the National国民 Guard守卫
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一个在俄亥俄州的肯特州立大学参与抗议活动
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at Kent肯特 State University大学 in Ohio俄亥俄州 during a protest抗议.
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被镇压部队打死的学生。
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In fact事实, these images图片 became成为
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实际上,这些照片
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the voices声音 of protest抗议 themselves他们自己.
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成为了最有力的抗议声音。
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Now, images图片 have power功率
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现在,照片有了
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to shed light of understanding理解
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让怀疑与无知
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on suspicion怀疑, ignorance无知,
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重见光明的力量。
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and in particular特定 -- I've given特定 a lot of talks会谈 on this
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尤其是关于艾滋病的议题
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but I'll just show显示 one image图片 --
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——我做过很多这方面的演讲,
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the issue问题 of HIVHIV/AIDS艾滋病.
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这次就只给大家看一张照片——
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In the 1980s, the stigmatization污名化 of people with the disease疾病
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上世纪八十年代,对这种疾病的各种流言蜚语
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was an enormous巨大 barrier屏障
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让多数人
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to even discussing讨论 or addressing解决 it.
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都不愿意讨论或提起它。
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A simple简单 act法案, in 1987, of the most famous著名 woman女人 in the world世界,
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1987年,世界上最著名的一个女人,作了一件简单的事情,
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the Princess公主 of Wales威尔士, touching接触
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戴安娜王妃,
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an HIVHIV/AIDS艾滋病 infected感染 baby宝宝
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抚摸了一个受艾滋病毒感染的婴儿。
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did a great deal合同, especially特别 in Europe欧洲, to stop that.
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这个举动消除了民众对艾滋病的误解,尤其在欧洲。
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She, better than most, knew知道 the power功率 of an image图片.
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她比多数人更清楚图片的力量。
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So when we are confronted面对 by a powerful强大 image图片,
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当我们面对一张有影响力的照片时,
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we all have a choice选择:
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我们都可以选择。
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We can look away, or we can address地址 the image图片.
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我们可以看向别处,或者,我们可以让它为更多人所知。
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Thankfully感激地, when these photos相片 appeared出现 in
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值得庆幸地是,
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The Guardian监护人 in 1998,
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当这些图片于1998年出现在英国《卫报》的时候,
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they put a lot of focus焦点 and attention注意 and, in the end结束, a lot of money
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人们开始关注它,最后为苏丹饥荒的灾民,
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towards the Sudan苏丹 famine饥荒 relief浮雕 efforts努力.
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捐了很多钱。
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Did the images图片 change更改 the world世界?
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图片改变了世界吗?
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No, but they had a major重大的 impact碰撞.
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不,但他们产生了深远影响。
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Images图片 often经常 push us to question our core核心 beliefs信仰
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图片常常让我们质疑自己的信念
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and our responsibilities责任 to each other.
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还有我们对彼此的责任。
04:27
We all saw those images图片 after Katrina卡特里娜,
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我们都看过卡特里纳飓风的图片,
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and I think for millions百万 of people
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我想这些图片对几百万人,
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they had a very strong强大 impact碰撞.
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都产生了极大影响。
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And I think it's very unlikely不会
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在2008大选的时候,
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that they were far from the minds头脑 of Americans美国人
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让美国人不去想那些照片
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when they went to vote投票 in November十一月 2008.
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是几乎不可能的。
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Unfortunately不幸, some very important重要 images图片
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很遗憾的是,一些很重要的相片
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are deemed认为 too graphic图像 or disturbing烦扰的 for us to see them.
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因为太“真实”而不能公开。
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I'll show显示 you one photo照片 here,
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这里有一张。
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and it's a photo照片 by Eugene尤金 Richards理查兹 of an Iraq伊拉克 War战争 veteran老将
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这是尤金·理查兹(Eugene Richards)
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from an extraordinary非凡 piece of work,
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为一位伊战退伍老兵拍的。
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which哪一个 has never been published发表, called War战争 Is Personal个人.
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这个非同寻常的作品从来没有发表,它叫做“战争是每个人的”。
04:58
But images图片 don't need to be graphic图像
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让我们想起战争残酷性的照片,
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in order订购 to remind提醒 us of the tragedy悲剧 of war战争.
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不一定都要如此“真实”。
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John约翰 Moore穆尔 set up this photo照片 at Arlington阿灵顿 Cemetery公墓.
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约翰·摩尔(John Moore)在亚灵顿公墓拍了这张照片。
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After all the tense紧张 moments瞬间 of conflict冲突
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在世界上那么多冲突地区
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in all the conflict冲突 zones of the world世界,
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发生了那么多紧张的冲突,暴动之后
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there's one photograph照片 from a much quieter安静 place地点
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这张来自世界上最安静角落的图片,
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that haunts出没 me still, much more than the others其他.
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才是让我感到最不安的。
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Ansel安塞尔 Adams亚当斯 said, and I'm going to disagree不同意 with him,
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安塞尔·亚当斯(Ansel Adams)说(但我不同意他的看法),
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"You don't take a photograph照片, you make it."
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“人们从不拍照片,他们创作。”
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In my view视图, it's not the photographer摄影师 who makes品牌 the photo照片,
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在我看来,创作的不是摄影师,
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it's you.
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而是你们。
05:27
We bring带来 to each image图片
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我们把赋予每一张照片,
05:29
our own拥有 values, our own拥有 belief信仰 systems系统,
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我们自己的价值观,自己的信念,
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and as a result结果 of that, the image图片 resonates共振 with us.
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这样,我们和图片产生了共鸣。
05:34
My company公司 has 70 million百万 images图片.
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我的公司拥有七千万照片,
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I have one image图片 in my office办公室.
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我的办公室有一张。
05:39
Here it is.
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就是它。
05:41
I hope希望 that the next下一个 time you see
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我希望下次你们看到一张
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an image图片 that sparks火花 something in you,
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让你们产生灵感火花的照片时,
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you'll你会 better understand理解 why,
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最好想想为什么。
05:47
and I know that speaking请讲 to this audience听众,
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我很清楚,我面前的这些听众,
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you'll你会 definitely无疑 do something about it.
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你们肯定都会做些什么的。
05:52
And thank you to all the photographers摄影师.
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感谢所有的摄影师。
05:54
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Yvonne Fu
Reviewed by Nicole LUO

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jonathan Klein - Executive
Jonathan Klein runs Getty Images, a stock photo agency whose vast archive of still photography and illustrations is a mainstay of the creative class.

Why you should listen

Even if you're an infrequent (or less sporty) user of the World Wide Web, chances are the last time you logged on -- perhaps on the very last page you visited -- you've come across an image sourced from stock photo agency Getty Images. Photos and illustrations from Getty can be found everywhere, for just about every purpose you can imagine. It shouldn't surprise you that Getty began in the Internet age, leaving print-era agencies in the dust by using Internet and CD-ROM distribution since day one.

Jonathan Klein, Getty's co-founder (along with Mark Getty) and the current CEO, helped drive its success over the past 15 years. He led it during its aggressive archive acquisition campaign through the '90s and now in the 2000s, adding to its formidable collection of editorial photos, footage and music. But his business skill is only part of his story; to hear Klein talk, one is quick to catch his passionate enthusiasm for the power of images -- not only to document moments in our lives and in history, not just to sell products or turn over PR campaigns -- but to shift public opinion and, perhaps, make the world more just.

Klein serves on the board of the Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS and on the board of Real Networks (media software company and creator of the popular RealPlayer).

More profile about the speaker
Jonathan Klein | Speaker | TED.com