TEDxPhoenix
Lucianne Walkowicz: Look up for a change
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TED Fellow Lucianne Walkowicz asks: How often do you see the true beauty of the night sky? At TEDxPhoenix, she shows how light pollution is ruining the extraordinary -- and often ignored -- experience of seeing directly into space.
(Filmed at TEDxPhoenix.)
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares." Full bio
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
The sky is inherently democratic.
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天空的本質就是大眾的，
00:18
It's accessible, in principle, anyway,
by anyone, everywhere,
by anyone, everywhere,
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它是任何人在任何地方都可以取得的，
至少原則上是如此，
00:23
just simply by the act of looking up.
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簡單到僅需擡頭仰望就可以了。
00:26
But like so many
beautiful things around us,
beautiful things around us,
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但就像我們身邊許多美麗的事物一樣，
00:29
it's slipping away from us,
and we haven't even noticed,
and we haven't even noticed,
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它正在從我們身邊溜走，
我們卻沒注意到，
我們卻沒注意到，
00:32
because we're honestly not really looking.
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因為，老實說，我們沒有真正在看。
00:35
So what do we look at instead?
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那麼，我們在看的是什麼？
00:37
Well, we look at our phones,
we look at our computers,
we look at our computers,
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我們看我們的手機、我們的電腦，
00:41
we look at screens of all kinds.
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我們總是在看著螢幕。
00:43
And honestly, we rarely
even take the trouble
even take the trouble
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老實說，我們很少會費事
00:46
to look up enough to see each other,
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抬頭抬到能看見彼此。
00:48
let alone taking that next step
to looking up at the actual sky.
to looking up at the actual sky.
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更不用說再進一步
仰望真正的天空了。
仰望真正的天空了。
00:53
Now, there's a tendency to think
that the loss of our dark night skies
that the loss of our dark night skies
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有種傾向是認為，
我們之所以會失去夜空，
我們之所以會失去夜空，
00:58
is the inevitable outcome
of progress, change, technology.
of progress, change, technology.
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是進步、改變、技術
所造成的必然結果。
所造成的必然結果。
01:02
And you know, that's just simply not true.
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你們知道嗎，那根本不是事實。
01:04
Later on, I'll tell you why.
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等一下我會解釋為什麼。
01:06
But first, I want to tell you
about my experience of the dark night sky.
about my experience of the dark night sky.
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但我想先告訴各位
我對於夜空的體驗。
我對於夜空的體驗。
01:10
I never saw a truly dark night
sky until I was 15.
sky until I was 15.
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我在十五歲之前
都沒有看過真正的夜空。
都沒有看過真正的夜空。
01:15
I was here, in Arizona.
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我當時在這裡，亞利桑那。
01:17
I was on a road trip;
I pulled over somewhere.
I pulled over somewhere.
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我在進行一趟公路旅行，
在某個地方把車停下來
在某個地方把車停下來
01:20
I have no idea where I was,
except I know what state.
except I know what state.
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我不知道身在何處，
只知道是哪一州。
只知道是哪一州。
01:24
And I looked up,
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我向上仰望，
01:25
and the sky was just filled
with an impossible number of stars.
with an impossible number of stars.
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天上的星星多得不可思議。
01:30
You see, I'm from New York City,
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我來自紐約市，
01:32
and in New York, you can see the moon,
you can see a couple of stars.
you can see a couple of stars.
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在紐約，可以看見月亮，
可以看見幾顆星星。
可以看見幾顆星星。
01:37
More often than not, they turn out
to be airplanes when they land.
to be airplanes when they land.
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大多數的時候，那些星星
其實是準備降落的飛機。
其實是準備降落的飛機。
01:41
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:42
But there's really not much else.
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但其實也沒什麼別的了。
01:43
As a result, most of my colleagues
who are astronomers
who are astronomers
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因此，我的天文學家同事們
01:47
spent at least part of their youth
looking up at the sky in their backyard.
looking up at the sky in their backyard.
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至少把年輕歲月的部分時間
花在從家中院子仰望天空。
花在從家中院子仰望天空。
01:51
I never really had that experience,
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我從來沒有那樣的體驗，
01:53
and, as a result, I'm really
disappointing on camping trips.
disappointing on camping trips.
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因此，我對露營旅行很失望。
01:57
I don't really know many constellations.
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我沒有認識很多星座。
02:00
The ones I do know,
you probably know them, too.
you probably know them, too.
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我認識的星座，可能你們也都認識。
02:03
But I'll never forget that experience
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但我永遠無法忘記那段體驗，
02:06
of the first time I saw
the dark night sky.
the dark night sky.
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我初次看見夜空的體驗。
02:08
And I was just flabbergasted
at how many stars there were.
at how many stars there were.
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星星的數目簡直讓我目瞪口呆。
02:12
And I felt tiny.
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我覺得自己好渺小。
02:15
Then I also felt like,
"Where's this been hiding this whole time?
"Where's this been hiding this whole time?
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我也覺得：「一直以來
這美景都躲在哪裡啊？
這美景都躲在哪裡啊？
是誰把天空藏起來不讓我看到？」
02:21
Who's been hiding this sky from me?"
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02:23
Of course, the answer is obvious
if you think about it
if you think about it
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當然，如果你仔細想想，
答案是很明顯的，
答案是很明顯的，
02:27
or if you look at the picture on the left,
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或是你也可以看看左圖，
02:29
where you're seeing the same neighborhood
taken during a blackout
taken during a blackout
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兩張圖是同樣的地區，
只是左圖是在停電時拍的，
只是左圖是在停電時拍的，
02:34
versus on an ordinary night.
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右圖是平時晚上拍的。
02:36
You can't see the stars
if you drown them out with light.
if you drown them out with light.
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你看不見星星是因為光把它們蓋過了。
02:40
Take a look at our planet.
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看看我們的星球。
02:42
This is our planet from space.
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這是從太空看到的地球。
02:44
Unlike stars, which are hot and glow
invisible light so we can see them,
invisible light so we can see them,
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不像星星會發光發熱
讓我們能夠看得見，
讓我們能夠看得見，
02:49
our planet is, astronomically
speaking, pretty cold.
speaking, pretty cold.
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就天文學的角度來看，
我們的星球是挺冷的。
我們的星球是挺冷的。
02:53
So it doesn't really glow.
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所以，它其實不會發光。
02:55
When you see the planet looking
like a blue-green marble
like a blue-green marble
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當一個星球像是這張照片中的一樣，
看起來像藍綠色大理石時，
02:59
the way it does in this picture,
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03:00
you're seeing it because the sunlight
is reflecting off of it,
is reflecting off of it,
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看得見它是因為它會反射太陽光，
03:04
and that's why you can see
the oceans, the clouds, the land.
the oceans, the clouds, the land.
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那也是為什麼你會看見
海洋、雲、陸地。
海洋、雲、陸地。
03:07
So if the sun wasn't shining on it,
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所以，如果太陽沒照到它，
03:09
we wouldn't be able
to see the earth, right?
to see the earth, right?
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我們應該就看不到地球了，對吧？
03:12
Or would we?
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或…我們看得到？
03:15
This is our earth at night,
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這是晚上的地球，
03:17
and it is one of the most
striking examples
striking examples
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這是最明顯的例子之一，
03:19
of how we have affected
our planet on a global scale.
our planet on a global scale.
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展現出我們對於地球
所產生的全球性影響。
所產生的全球性影響。
03:22
You can see light spidering out
across the globe everywhere.
across the globe everywhere.
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你們可以看到全球各地都佈滿了光。
03:27
Now, of course, there are broad expanses
of ocean that are still dark,
of ocean that are still dark,
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當然，還有海洋是廣闊的暗色區域，
03:30
and in many underdeveloped areas
there's still darkness.
there's still darkness.
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還有許多未開發區域也是暗色的。
03:34
But you'll notice
that this is a pretty global effect.
that this is a pretty global effect.
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但你們仍然能看到
這影響是很全球性的。
這影響是很全球性的。
03:40
We tend to think, when we think
of places being lit up,
of places being lit up,
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當我們想到被照亮的地方時，
我們通常會想到
我們通常會想到
03:43
of very extreme examples --
Times Square, the Vegas Strip.
Times Square, the Vegas Strip.
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非常極端的例子——
時代廣場、賭城大道。
時代廣場、賭城大道。
03:47
But really what that picture shows you
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但根據剛剛那張圖片，
03:49
is that it's not just
these extreme examples,
these extreme examples,
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不只是那些極端例子而已，
03:52
it's anywhere that uses outdoor lighting.
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到處都有戶外照明的使用。
03:54
This tends to be a really
dramatic effect on the ground.
dramatic effect on the ground.
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這對於地面有著非常巨大的影響。
03:58
To understand why,
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若想了解原因，
03:59
all you really have to do
is think about the shape of a lightbulb.
is think about the shape of a lightbulb.
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你只需要想想燈泡的形狀。
04:03
The lightbulb, for all practical purposes,
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在各種實際的用途上，
燈泡大致上都是圓形的。
04:05
is more or less round.
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04:07
This is great for its original intended
purpose of lighting up the indoors.
purpose of lighting up the indoors.
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燈泡原本是要用在室內照明，
所以圓形是很理想的。
所以圓形是很理想的。
04:11
You turn it on, light goes everywhere.
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把燈打開，光就會照向各方向。
04:13
An individual light bulb can light up
your whole room, more or less.
your whole room, more or less.
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一顆燈泡就或多或少
可以照亮你的整間房間。
可以照亮你的整間房間。
04:17
Now, that's great
if you're lighting the indoors,
if you're lighting the indoors,
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如果目的是室內照明，那很棒，
04:20
but in its application
in outdoor lighting,
in outdoor lighting,
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但在室外照明的應用上，
燈泡的傳統球形形狀，
04:23
that traditional shape of the light bulb,
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04:25
the sort of globe that spreads
light everywhere,
light everywhere,
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會讓光散向各處，
04:28
is actually very inefficient.
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這樣其實很沒效益。
04:29
When you're outdoors,
mostly what you care about
mostly what you care about
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當你在戶外，你通常在乎的是
04:32
is lighting the ground beneath you
and your immediate surroundings.
and your immediate surroundings.
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你周圍的地板以及環境是否被照亮。
04:36
All of that light that gets scattered
outwards and upwards
outwards and upwards
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所有向外、向上發散出去的光，
04:40
doesn't actually help you
light the area around you.
light the area around you.
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並不會協助照亮你周圍的區域。
04:42
What it does is scatters up into the sky
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它只是散向天空而已，
然後就變成了我們所謂的「光污染」。
04:45
and becomes what we call
"light pollution."
"light pollution."
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04:47
Even if you don't care anything
about stargazing, this should worry you,
about stargazing, this should worry you,
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即使你一點也不在乎眺望星星，
你仍然該憂心這個現象，
你仍然該憂心這個現象，
04:52
because it means that 60-70% of the energy
we use to light the outdoors
we use to light the outdoors
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因為這意味著，我們用在
戶外照明上的能源
戶外照明上的能源
有 60~70%都被浪費在遮蓋星星上了。
04:57
is wasted by blotting out the stars.
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05:01
Now, like I said,
I'm a big fan of technology.
I'm a big fan of technology.
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如我先前所言，我是個科技迷。
05:04
Obviously, I use technology
every day; I'm a scientist.
every day; I'm a scientist.
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顯然，我每天都要用科技；
我是個科學家。
我是個科學家。
05:08
And there's this tendency
to say that it's progress that --
to say that it's progress that --
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可以說它的進展趨勢——
05:11
you know, I'm not suggesting
we're going to all go live by candlelight.
we're going to all go live by candlelight.
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我並不是建議我們靠燭光生活。
05:16
Indeed, technology is allowing us
to access the sky
to access the sky
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的確，科技讓我們能夠進入天空，
05:20
in ways that are impossible otherwise.
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沒有科技是不可能辦到的。
05:22
One of the greatest examples of this is,
of course, the Hubble Space Telescope.
of course, the Hubble Space Telescope.
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其中一個最棒的例子，
當然就是哈柏望遠鏡。
當然就是哈柏望遠鏡。
05:27
The Hubble went up into space,
it returns pictures daily,
it returns pictures daily,
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哈柏能深入太空，每天傳回照片，
05:31
and it allows us to see things
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它讓我們能看見
05:32
that we are incapable of seeing
with our naked eye,
with our naked eye,
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我們的肉眼所看不見的東西，
05:35
in ways that we've never been able
to do before in all of human history.
to do before in all of human history.
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這方式是人類歷史上
從來沒有辦到過的。
從來沒有辦到過的。
05:40
Other examples of this
would be planetarium shows.
would be planetarium shows.
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其他的例子包括天文台的展示節目。
05:43
In the past couple of years, planetarium
shows have become more high-tech
shows have become more high-tech
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在過去幾年，天文台的
展示節目變得更高科技了，
展示節目變得更高科技了，
05:48
with these great visualizations,
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用了很棒的視覺化效果，
05:50
and even though this isn't access
directly to the sky,
directly to the sky,
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雖然這並不是直接進入天空，
05:52
it's at least access
to our knowledge about the sky.
to our knowledge about the sky.
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至少它對我們對於天空的
知識有直接的影響。
知識有直接的影響。
05:55
And indeed, we can experience
the sky in a planetarium
the sky in a planetarium
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的確，我們能在天文台裡體驗天空，
05:58
in a way that is impossible for us to do
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這種方式是坐在戶外盯著一片黑暗
06:01
just sitting out and looking in the dark.
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所辦不到的方式。
06:04
All of you have heard of the Hubble
Space Telescope and of planetariums.
Space Telescope and of planetariums.
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各位可能都聽過
哈柏望遠鏡以及天文台。
哈柏望遠鏡以及天文台。
06:08
But there are also ways
for technology to enable participation
for technology to enable participation
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但還有一些你可能不熟悉的科技方式
06:12
in people's experience of the sky
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也能夠讓人們參與對天空的體驗。
06:14
that you may not be familiar with.
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06:15
These are called
"citizen science projects."
"citizen science projects."
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這些叫做「公民科學計畫」。
06:18
Citizen science is when large
research projects put their data online,
research projects put their data online,
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所謂公民科學是
大型研究計畫把資料放上網路，
大型研究計畫把資料放上網路，
06:23
teach ordinary people, like you,
to go and interact with that data
to go and interact with that data
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教導一般人，像各位，
去和那些資料互動，
去和那些資料互動，
06:27
and actually contribute to the research
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透過針對研究做出有趣
或是必要的特性描述，
或是必要的特性描述，
06:29
by making interesting or necessary
characterizations about it.
characterizations about it.
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來對研究做出實際貢獻。
06:33
One such example of this is what
I'm showing here, called "Galaxy Zoo."
I'm showing here, called "Galaxy Zoo."
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這裡就是其中一個例子，
叫做「銀河動物園」。
叫做「銀河動物園」。
06:38
Galaxy Zoo is a project
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銀河動物園是一個計畫，
06:40
where people get a 20-minute --
even less than that, actually -- tutorial
even less than that, actually -- tutorial
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計畫中，人們會得到二十分鐘——
其實應該更少——的指導，
其實應該更少——的指導，
06:45
on how to interact
with these images of galaxies.
with these images of galaxies.
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說明如何和那些銀河影像做互動。
06:48
They learn to annotate the images,
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他們學會如何對影像做註解，
06:50
and within a couple of minutes,
they're up and running,
they're up and running,
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在幾分鐘之內，
他們就可以開始進行了，
他們就可以開始進行了，
06:53
and they're making really
useful categorizations
useful categorizations
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他們會對這些銀河系做出
06:55
and classifications of these galaxies.
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很有用的分類和分級。
06:57
Now, it's easy to understand
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很容易理解為什麼
06:59
why Galaxy Zoo would be an easy sell
for people to be involved with:
for people to be involved with:
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銀河動物園非常容易推銷給人們，
讓他們願意參與：
讓他們願意參與：
07:03
it involves pretty pictures;
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有很多漂亮的照片；
07:04
galaxies are, generally
speaking, pretty attractive.
speaking, pretty attractive.
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一般來說，銀河系是挺有吸引力的。
07:07
However, there are many other flavors
of citizen science projects
of citizen science projects
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然而，還有許多其他口味的
公民科學計畫，
公民科學計畫，
07:11
that people have delved into
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讓人們可以鑽研，
07:12
that have varying levels of abstraction,
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抽象度都不同，
07:16
that you wouldn't necessarily think
people would jump at.
people would jump at.
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你不見得認為人們會搶著要去做。
07:19
One such example of this
is the citizen science project
is the citizen science project
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這個公民科學計畫
就是一個這樣的例子，
就是一個這樣的例子，
07:23
associated with the mission
that I'm part of,
that I'm part of,
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它和我參與的一個任務有關，
07:26
called the Kepler Mission.
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叫做「克卜勒任務」。
07:27
Kepler is a space telescope and it looks
for planets around other stars
for planets around other stars
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克卜勒是一種太空望遠鏡，
用來尋找其他星星周圍的星球，
用來尋找其他星星周圍的星球，
07:32
by measuring the light
from those stars very precisely.
from those stars very precisely.
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做法是非常精確地測量
來自那些星星的光。
來自那些星星的光。
07:35
And we're looking for the dimmings
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我們在找的是因為星星
07:37
caused by stars blocking off
some of that light.
some of that light.
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阻擋了一些光而造成的微暗現象。
07:41
We have an associated citizen science
project called "Planet Hunters."
project called "Planet Hunters."
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我們有一個相關的公民科學計畫，
叫做「星球獵人」。
叫做「星球獵人」。
07:45
Planet Hunters gives you,
like Galaxy Zoo, a short tutorial,
like Galaxy Zoo, a short tutorial,
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和銀河動物園一樣，
星球獵人會給你簡短的指導，
星球獵人會給你簡短的指導，
07:50
and within a couple of minutes,
you're up and running;
you're up and running;
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在幾分鐘內，你就可以開始進行了；
07:53
you're looking at data
from the Kepler Mission
from the Kepler Mission
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你會看到來自克卜勒任務的資料，
07:55
and looking for planets.
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然後你要尋找星球。
07:57
The idea behind this
is an easy sell, right?
is an easy sell, right?
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這背後的想法很容易銷售，對吧？
08:00
But the actual process of planet-hunting
involves a lot of looking at graphs,
involves a lot of looking at graphs,
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但實際上，獵星球的過程
會需要看很多的圖，
會需要看很多的圖，
08:05
like the one I'm showing you here,
and annotating them.
and annotating them.
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就像這裡的這張圖，
並對這些圖加註解。
並對這些圖加註解。
08:08
I do this all day and that doesn't even
sound that interesting to me.
sound that interesting to me.
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我每天都在做這事，
而連我都不覺得這聽起來有多有趣。
而連我都不覺得這聽起來有多有趣。
08:12
However, not only are people
interested in doing this,
interested in doing this,
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然而人們不僅僅是
很有興趣想做這件事，
很有興趣想做這件事，
08:16
but the citizen scientists
that work with Planet Hunters
that work with Planet Hunters
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和星球獵人合作的公民科學家
08:20
have actually found planets in the data
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還真的在資料中找到了星球，
08:22
that would have gone
undiscovered otherwise.
undiscovered otherwise.
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本來可能不會被發現的星球。
08:25
This is an author list
from the paper that they published
from the paper that they published
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他們針對他們發現的星球
出版了一篇論文，
出版了一篇論文，
08:28
of the planet they discovered.
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這是論文的作者名單。
08:29
You'll see that all the people
who contributed are listed below,
who contributed are listed below,
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所有有所貢獻的人都被列在下面，
08:32
and it's sort of an odd amalgam
of people's real names
of people's real names
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它有點像是個真實人名與
登入帳號名稱的奇特混合體。
登入帳號名稱的奇特混合體。
08:36
and their log-in names.
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08:37
You'll notice if you look carefully,
this is the first academic acknowledgment
this is the first academic acknowledgment
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如果你仔細看，你會注意到，
這是學術圈第一次認可
這是學術圈第一次認可
08:41
of the importance of Irish coffee
in the discovery process.
in the discovery process.
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在發現過程中愛爾蘭咖啡的重要性。
08:44
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:46
I don't want to give you the idea
that these are some out-of-work scientists
that these are some out-of-work scientists
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我並不想要讓各位認為
這些人是失業的科學家，
這些人是失業的科學家，
08:51
or just a bunch of nerds
that are really into this.
that are really into this.
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或是一群對這方面很有興趣的怪胎。
08:53
There are 60,000 people
who participate in these projects,
who participate in these projects,
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有六萬人參與了這些計畫，
08:57
and most of them don't have
technical backgrounds.
technical backgrounds.
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他們大多沒有技術背景。
08:59
So clearly, what this is feeding into
is people's curiosity
is people's curiosity
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所以很顯然，人們投入的是好奇心，
09:03
and their willingness to be part
of the scientific discovery process.
of the scientific discovery process.
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以及他們想要參與
科學發現過程的意願。
科學發現過程的意願。
09:07
People want to do this.
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人們想要做這件事。
09:09
But all of this technology
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但關於體驗天空的
09:12
and all these digitally mediated ways
of experiencing the sky
of experiencing the sky
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所有技術以及所有數位媒介方式，
09:16
still have something of a feel to me
like looking at an animal in a zoo.
like looking at an animal in a zoo.
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還是讓我有一種感覺，
像是在動物園裡看動物。
像是在動物園裡看動物。
09:21
It's a valid way
of experiencing that thing --
of experiencing that thing --
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它是一種有效的體驗方式沒錯，
09:23
indeed, the lion in the cage
is still real,
is still real,
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的確，籠子中的獅子是真的，
09:26
the Hubble images are indeed real,
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哈柏影像的確是真的，
09:28
and you can get closer to a lion in a zoo
than you can in the wild.
than you can in the wild.
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比起在野外，在動物園裡
你還可以更接近獅子。
你還可以更接近獅子。
09:33
However, it's missing something.
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然而，就是少了什麼。
09:36
It's missing that savage beauty
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少了一種野性的美，
09:38
of experiencing that very thing
in the wild for yourself,
in the wild for yourself,
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自己在野外體驗時才會有的美，
09:42
unmediated by a screen.
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不是透過螢幕當媒介的。
09:44
The experience of looking up
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仰望，並且知道
09:47
and knowing that the sky you're looking at
surrounds every known living thing
surrounds every known living thing
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你正在看著的天空，
包圍著宇宙中所有的已知生物，
包圍著宇宙中所有的已知生物，
09:52
in the universe
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這是很深刻的感受。
09:53
is very profound.
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09:55
Think about that for a moment.
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花點時間，想想這一點。
09:57
We are the only planet we know of
that has life on it.
that has life on it.
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就我們所知，我們的星球
是唯一有生命的星球。
是唯一有生命的星球。
10:02
The sky that you see is shared
by every other living thing
by every other living thing
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你所看見的天空，
是我們所知的所有其他生物
是我們所知的所有其他生物
10:05
that we know of in existence.
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一起共享的。
10:08
One of the things
that I really like about my work
that I really like about my work
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關於我的工作，
我很喜歡的其中一點就是
我很喜歡的其中一點就是
10:11
is that it allows me to step back
from my every day
from my every day
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它讓我能夠從我的日常生活中退開，
10:14
and to experience the larger context,
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去體驗更大的情境，
10:18
this feeling that just as we go out
and try to find planets in the universe
and try to find planets in the universe
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我們出去到宇宙中尋找
和地球類似的星球，
和地球類似的星球，
10:24
that might be like ours,
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這樣的感覺，
10:26
it always reminds me
of how precious what we have here is.
of how precious what we have here is.
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總是提醒我，我們在這裡
所擁有的一切是多麼珍貴。
所擁有的一切是多麼珍貴。
10:31
Our night sky is like a natural resource,
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我們的夜空就像是天然資源，
10:34
it's as though it's a park
that you can visit
that you can visit
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它就像是你可以去的一座公園，
10:37
without ever having to travel there.
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不過你不用走到那裡去。
10:40
But like any natural resource,
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但就像任何天然資源，
10:42
if we don't protect it,
if we don't preserve it and treasure it,
if we don't preserve it and treasure it,
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如果我們不保護它，
如果我們不保存它、珍視它，
如果我們不保存它、珍視它，
10:45
it will slip away from us and be gone.
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它會從我們身邊溜走，
從此就不見了。
從此就不見了。
10:48
So if you're interested in this,
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所以，如果你對此感興趣，
10:50
and this is something
you want to learn more about,
you want to learn more about,
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如果你想要了解更多，
10:53
I encourage you in particular
to visit darksky.org
to visit darksky.org
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我鼓勵你要特別去看看 darksky.org，
10:56
and to learn more
about the choices you can make
about the choices you can make
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去進一步了解，若要保護夜空，
10:59
that can protect the dark night sky,
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你能做的選擇有什麼，
11:01
because it belongs to everyone,
it belongs to all of us,
it belongs to all of us,
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因為它屬於每個人，
它屬於我們大家，
它屬於我們大家，
11:04
and therefore, it's ours
to experience as we wish.
to experience as we wish.
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因此，如果我們想要，
我們就可以體驗它。
我們就可以體驗它。
11:07
And it's also ours to lose.
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但我們也有可能失去它。
11:09
Thank you.
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謝謝。
11:10
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomerLucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares."
Why you should listen
Lucianne Walkowicz is an Astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. She studies stellar magnetic activity and how stars influence a planet's suitability as a host for alien life. She is also an artist and works in a variety of media, from oil paint to sound. She got her taste for astronomy as an undergrad at Johns Hopkins, testing detectors for the Hubble Space Telescope’s new camera (installed in 2002). She also learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Nowadays, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe.
Lucianne Walkowicz | Speaker | TED.com