ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bahia Shehab - Artist and historian
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring."

Why you should listen

Bahia Shehab is an artist, designer and art historian. She is associate professor of design and founder of the graphic design program at The American University in Cairo, where she has developed a full design curriculum mainly focused on visual culture of the Arab world. She has taught over fourteen courses on the topic.

Shehab's artwork has been on display in exhibitions, galleries and streets in Canada, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Morocco, Turkey, UAE and the US. The documentary Nefertiti's Daughters featuring her street artwork during the Egyptian uprising was released in 2015. Her work has received a number of international recognitions and awards; TED fellowship (2012) and TED Senior fellowship (2016), BBC 100 Women list (2013, 2014), The American University in Beirut distinguished alumna (2015), Shortlist for V&A’s Jameel Prize 4 (2016), and a Prince Claus Award (2016). Her book A Thousand Times NO: The Visual History of Lam-Alif was published in 2010.

More profile about the speaker
Bahia Shehab | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2012

Bahia Shehab: A thousand times no

巴西亞•席哈伯: 一千個 不

Filmed:
1,138,104 views

藝術史學家巴西亞•席哈伯 (Bahia Shehab) 一直對於阿拉伯文字的 "不" 充滿迷戀, 當 2011年的革命橫掃埃及的時候, 她開始在街頭進行噴漆塗鴉, 散播向獨裁者說不, 向軍事統治說不, 向暴力說不的這些訊息。
- Artist and historian
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring." Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
Two years年份 ago, I was invited邀請 as an artist藝術家
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兩年前,我被邀請成為
00:19
to participate參加 in an exhibition展覽 commemorating紀念
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一個展覽的參展藝術家, 是紀念
00:22
100 years年份 of Islamic清真 art藝術 in Europe歐洲.
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伊斯蘭藝術在歐洲的百年特展
00:24
The curator館長 had only one condition條件:
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策展人只有一個要求:
00:27
I had to use the Arabic阿拉伯 script腳本 for my artwork藝術品.
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我的藝術作品必須使用阿拉伯文字
00:30
Now, as an artist藝術家, a woman女人, an Arab阿拉伯,
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作為一個藝術家,一個女子,一個阿拉伯人
00:33
or a human人的 being存在 living活的 in the world世界 in 2010,
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一個生活在2010年的世界的人
00:37
I only had one thing to say:
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我只有一件事要表達:
00:40
I wanted to say no.
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我想要說 "不"。
00:43
And in Arabic阿拉伯, to say "no," we say "no,
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在阿拉伯文裡,我們說"不", 會說成
00:45
and a thousand times no."
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"不, 再一千次的不"
00:47
So I decided決定 to look for a thousand different不同 noes化整為零.
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所以我決定收集一千個不同的 "不"
00:51
on everything ever produced生成
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從各種曾經被製作出來的東西
00:53
under Islamic清真 or Arab阿拉伯 patronage贊助 in the past過去 1,400 years年份,
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在過去1400年間累積的伊斯蘭或阿拉伯的贊助下
00:58
from Spain西班牙 to the borders國界 of China中國.
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從西班牙到中國邊境。
01:02
I collected my findings發現 in a book,
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我把所發現的收集在一本書裡
01:04
placed放置 them chronologically按時間順序, stating說明 the name名稱,
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按時間順序排列,標記名稱
01:07
the patron顧客, the medium and the date日期.
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贊助人、 媒材和日期。
01:10
Now, the book satSAT on a small shelf next下一個 to the installation安裝,
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現在,這本書就放在展覽品旁邊的一個小架子上
01:14
which哪一個 stood站在 three by seven meters, in Munich慕尼黑, Germany德國,
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這個展覽品有3米寬, 7米高,在德國慕尼黑
01:17
in September九月 of 2010.
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從 2010 年 9 月開始展出
01:21
Now, in January一月, 2011, the revolution革命 started開始,
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而在 2011 年 1 月的時候, 埃及革命開始了
01:27
and life stopped停止 for 18 days,
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生活停止了 18 天
01:30
and on the 12th of February二月,
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到了2 月 12 日
01:31
we naively天真 celebrated著名 on the streets街道 of Cairo開羅,
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我們天真地在開羅的街道上慶祝
01:34
believing相信 that the revolution革命 had succeeded成功.
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以為民主革命已經成功了
01:38
Nine months個月 later後來 I found發現 myself spraying messages消息
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過了九個月後, 我發現自己開始噴漆塗鴉, 散播訊息
01:42
in Tahrir塔利爾 Square廣場. The reason原因 for this act法案
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在自由廣場。之所以這樣做是因為
01:46
was this image圖片 that I saw in my newsfeed新聞源.
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我從訂閱的新聞來源看到了這張照片
01:50
I did not feel that I could live生活 in a city
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我覺得我無法生活在這樣的一個城市
01:53
where people were being存在 killed殺害
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有老百姓被殺死
01:55
and thrown拋出 like garbage垃圾 on the street.
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並且被當成垃圾般的丟在街上
01:58
So I took one "no" off a tombstone墓碑 from
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所以我拿了一個 "不", 是來自一個墓碑上
02:00
the Islamic清真 Museum博物館 in Cairo開羅, and I added添加 a message信息 to it:
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在開羅,伊斯蘭博物館的館藏, 我把它加上了一段文字
02:03
"no to military軍事 rule規則."
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向軍人執政說 "不"
02:05
And I started開始 spraying that on the streets街道 in Cairo開羅.
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之後我就開始在開羅街頭噴這個塗鴉訊息
02:08
But that led to a series系列 of no, coming未來 out of the book
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這件事帶出了一系列的 "不" 的塗鴉訊息,從那本書取材
02:11
like ammunition彈藥, and adding加入 messages消息 to them,
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就像 "不" 的彈藥庫,然後加上文字訊息
02:14
and I started開始 spraying them on the walls牆壁.
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然後我就開始把這些塗鴉訊息噴到許多牆上
02:17
So I'll be sharing分享 some of these noes化整為零 with you.
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在這裡分享一些塗鴉訊息給大家
02:19
No to a new Pharaoh老王, because whoever comes next下一個
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向新法老說不,因為無論誰是下一個
02:22
should understand理解 that we will never be ruled統治 by another另一個 dictator獨裁者.
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當政者應該明白我們將永遠不會接受獨裁者的統治。
02:26
No to violence暴力: Ramy拉米 Essam埃薩姆 came來了 to Tahrir塔利爾
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向暴力說不: 拉米 埃薩姆來到自由廣場的時候
02:30
on the second第二 day of the revolution革命,
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是革命開始的第二天
02:32
and he satSAT there with this guitar吉他, singing唱歌.
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他拿著他的吉他, 坐在那裡唱歌。
02:35
One month after Mubarak穆巴拉克 stepped加強 down, this was his reward獎勵.
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穆巴拉克下臺一個月後,這是他所得到的獎賞。
02:39
No to blinding致盲 heroes英雄. Ahmed艾哈邁德 HararaHarara lost丟失 his right eye
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獻給瞎掉的英雄。艾哈邁德 哈拉失去了他的右眼
02:45
on the 28th of January一月,
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在 1 月 28 日那天
02:46
and he lost丟失 his left eye on the 19th of November十一月,
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之後又在11 月 19 日, 失去了他的左眼
02:50
by two different不同 snipers狙擊手.
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是被兩個不同的狙擊手攻擊造成的.
02:53
No to killing謀殺, in this case案件 no to killing謀殺 men男人 of religion宗教,
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向殺戮說不,在這裡是反對因宗教信仰而殺人
02:56
because Sheikh謝赫 Ahmed艾哈邁德 Adina阿迪娜 RefaatRefaat was shot射擊
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當 謝赫 · 艾哈邁德 阿迪納 瑞法 被槍殺的時候
03:00
on December十二月 16th, during a demonstration示範,
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那是在 12 月 16 日的示威活動裡
03:03
leaving離開 behind背後 three orphans孤兒 and a widow寡婦.
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他留下了三個孤兒和一個寡婦。
03:07
No to burning燃燒 books圖書. The Institute研究所 of Egypt埃及 was burned
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向焚書說 不。埃及研究所在12 月 17 日
03:10
on December十二月 17th, a huge巨大 cultural文化 loss失利.
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被縱火焚燒 ,這是一個巨大的文化損失。
03:14
No to stripping剝離 the people,
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向剝人衣服說不
03:17
and the blue藍色 bra胸罩 is to remind提醒 us of our shame恥辱
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這間藍色胸衣是要提醒我們,這是我們國家的恥辱
03:20
as a nation國家 when we allow允許 a veiled含蓄 woman女人 to be stripped剝離
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竟讓一個蒙面紗的女子被剝去衣服
03:24
and beaten毆打 on the street, and the footprint腳印 reads,
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並被毆打, 就發生在大街上, 而這個腳印的文字寫著
03:28
"Long live生活 a peaceful平靜的 revolution革命,"
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"和平革命萬歲"
03:30
because we will never retaliate報復 with violence暴力.
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因為我們永遠不會以暴力的方式報復
03:34
No to barrier屏障 walls牆壁. On February二月 5th,
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向 路障牆 說不, 在 2月5日那天
03:37
concrete具體 roadblocks路障 were set up in Cairo開羅
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在開羅街頭出現了混凝土路障
03:41
to protect保護 the Ministry of Defense防禦 from protesters抗議者.
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來保護國防部, 隔離示威者
03:47
Now, speaking請講 of walls牆壁, I want to share分享 with you the story故事
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既然講到了牆,我想與你分享另一個故事
03:50
of one wall in Cairo開羅.
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在開羅有一面牆。
03:52
A group of artists藝術家 decided決定 to paint塗料 a life-size真人大小 tank坦克
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有一群藝術家決定畫一輛真實大小的坦克車
03:57
on a wall. It's one to one.
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在這牆上。它是一比一的大小
03:59
In front面前 of this tank坦克 there's a man on a bicycle自行車
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在坦克車的正前面, 有一個人騎在自行車上
04:02
with a breadbasket糧倉 on his head. To any passerby過路人,
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頭上頂著麵包籃。對路過的任何人來說
04:05
there's no problem問題 with this visual視覺.
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這個視覺藝術創作沒有什麼問題
04:08
After acts行為 of violence暴力, another另一個 artist藝術家 came來了,
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但在暴力行為發生後,另一個藝術家來了,
04:12
painted blood血液, protesters抗議者 being存在 run over by the tank坦克,
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畫上了血跡,抗議者正被坦克車輾過
04:17
demonstrators示威, and a message信息 that read,
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還有許多示威者和一條訊息,寫著
04:20
"Starting開始 tomorrow明天, I wear穿 the new face面對,
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"從明天開始,我會有張新的臉孔,
04:23
the face面對 of every一切 martyr烈士. I exist存在."
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在每個烈士的臉孔。你會看到我的存在。"
04:27
Authority權威 comes, paints油漆 the wall white白色,
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然後當權者來了,把牆塗上白漆
04:30
leaves樹葉 the tank坦克 and adds增加 a message信息:
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保留了坦克車, 並添加一段訊息:
04:32
"Army軍隊 and people, one hand. Egypt埃及 for Egyptians埃及人."
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"軍隊和人民攜手, 建造埃及人的埃及"
04:37
Another另一個 artist藝術家 comes, paints油漆 the head of the military軍事
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另一位藝術家來了,把軍事領袖的頭像
04:41
as a monster怪物 eating a maiden少女 in a river of blood血液
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畫成一個正在血河裡啃食少女的怪物
04:44
in front面前 of the tank坦克.
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就在坦克車前面
04:47
Authority權威 comes, paints油漆 the wall white白色, leaves樹葉 the tank坦克,
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之後當權者又來了,把牆塗上白漆, 保留了坦克車
04:51
leaves樹葉 the suit適合, and throws a bucket of black黑色 paint塗料
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還有軍裝,並且潑了一桶黑漆
04:54
just to hide隱藏 the face面對 of the monster怪物.
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把怪物的臉蓋住
04:55
So I come with my stencils模板, and I spray噴霧 them on the suit適合,
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然後我帶著我的版具到這面牆, 把塗鴉噴上去
04:59
on the tank坦克, and on the whole整個 wall,
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噴在坦克車上和整面牆上,
05:02
and this is how it stands站立 today今天
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這就是目前那面牆的樣子
05:04
until直到 further進一步 notice注意. (Laughter笑聲)
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應該會保持到有人發現為止(笑聲)
05:06
Now, I want to leave離開 you with a final最後 no.
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現在,我想要留給你最後一個 "不"。
05:10
I found發現 Neruda聶魯達 scribbled潦草 on a piece of paper
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我找到了 聶魯達 在一張紙上潦草地寫的文字
05:13
in a field領域 hospital醫院 in Tahrir塔利爾, and I decided決定 to take a no of
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在自由廣場的野戰醫院裡,我決定要採取的 "不"
05:19
Mamluk馬穆魯克 Mausoleum in Cairo開羅.
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是取材自 開羅的 馬穆魯克陵墓。
05:21
The message信息 reads,
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訊息是這樣的:
05:23
[Arabic阿拉伯]
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[阿拉伯文]
05:29
"You can crush粉碎 the flowers花卉, but you can't delay延遲 spring彈簧."
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"你可以壓碎花朵,但您無法延遲春天到來"。
05:33
Thank you. (Applause掌聲)
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謝謝。(掌聲)
05:37
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
05:46
Thank you. ShukranShukran. (Applause掌聲)
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謝謝。舒克蘭。(掌聲)
Translated by Yu-Sheng Lin
Reviewed by Shyun-ning Jao

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bahia Shehab - Artist and historian
TED Fellow Bahia Shehab sends an important message through her street art in Cairo: “You can crush the flowers, but you can’t delay spring."

Why you should listen

Bahia Shehab is an artist, designer and art historian. She is associate professor of design and founder of the graphic design program at The American University in Cairo, where she has developed a full design curriculum mainly focused on visual culture of the Arab world. She has taught over fourteen courses on the topic.

Shehab's artwork has been on display in exhibitions, galleries and streets in Canada, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Morocco, Turkey, UAE and the US. The documentary Nefertiti's Daughters featuring her street artwork during the Egyptian uprising was released in 2015. Her work has received a number of international recognitions and awards; TED fellowship (2012) and TED Senior fellowship (2016), BBC 100 Women list (2013, 2014), The American University in Beirut distinguished alumna (2015), Shortlist for V&A’s Jameel Prize 4 (2016), and a Prince Claus Award (2016). Her book A Thousand Times NO: The Visual History of Lam-Alif was published in 2010.

More profile about the speaker
Bahia Shehab | Speaker | TED.com