TEDxWomen 2012
iO Tillett Wright: Fifty shades of gay
歐伊·蒂利特·萊特：同性戀的五十道漸層
Filmed:
Readability: 3.7
2,965,570 views
歐伊·蒂利特·萊特為2000個自認為有同性戀傾向的人拍攝了肖像並要求他們為自己同性戀（異性戀）的傾向程度按百分制打分。結果她發現，絕大多數人都認為自己不是百分百的同性戀或異性戀，而是處於在兩者之間的漸層。這給歧視同性戀歧視的人出了一個現實難題：到底要歧視誰？你又如何定義？ （錄製於 TEDxWomen）
iO Tillett Wright - Photographer
As a child actor, iO Tillett Wright turned his shoes around in the bathroom stall so that people would think he was a boy. As a teenager, he fell in love with both women and men. His life in the gray areas of gender and sexuality deeply inform his work as an artist. Full bio
As a child actor, iO Tillett Wright turned his shoes around in the bathroom stall so that people would think he was a boy. As a teenager, he fell in love with both women and men. His life in the gray areas of gender and sexuality deeply inform his work as an artist. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
Human beings start putting each other into boxes
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我們在看到別人的第一刻起
00:19
the second that they see each other --
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就把對方裝進了不同的箱子 -
00:20
Is that person dangerous? Are they attractive?
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他（她）有危險麼？有吸引力麼？
00:23
Are they a potential mate? Are they a potential networking opportunity?
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有可能成為交往對象麼？是擴充人脈的機會麼？
00:27
We do this little interrogation when we meet people
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我們在遇見他人的時候都會這樣
00:29
to make a mental resume for them.
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在腦海中為他（她）建立一個履歷。
00:31
What's your name? Where are you from?
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你叫什麼名字？來自哪裡？
00:33
How old are you? What do you do?
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幾歲了？做什麼工作？
00:36
Then we get more personal with it.
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然後是更私人的問題 --
00:39
Have you ever had any diseases?
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有沒有得過什麼病？
00:42
Have you ever been divorced?
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離過婚嗎？
00:44
Does your breath smell bad while you're answering my interrogation right now?
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在回答我的問題時有口臭嗎？
00:48
What are you into? Who are you into?
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你喜歡什麼？你喜歡什麼樣的人？
00:49
What gender do you like to sleep with?
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喜歡同性還是異性？
00:51
I get it.
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我早明白了：
00:54
We are neurologically hardwired
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我們的大腦早就已經設定好了，
00:55
to seek out people like ourselves.
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去尋找和我們相似的人。
00:58
We start forming cliques as soon as we're old enough
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當我們感覺到被人認可的那一刻，
01:00
to know what acceptance feels like.
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我們就開始建立自己的小集團。
01:02
We bond together based on anything that we can --
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任何特徵都可以把我們聯繫起來—
01:04
music preference, race, gender, the block that we grew up on.
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音樂喜好，種族，性別，一起成長的小區...
01:10
We seek out environments that reinforce our personal choices.
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我們都在尋找能夠強化我們個人選擇的環境。
01:17
Sometimes, though, just the question "what do you do?"
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有時候，僅僅是“你是做什麼的”這個問題
01:19
can feel like somebody's opening a tiny little box
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就足夠讓你覺得有人打開了一個小盒子，
01:21
and asking you to squeeze yourself inside of it.
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試圖把你塞進去。
01:23
Because the categories, I've found, are too limiting.
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我認為，這種盒子中的分類太有局限性了，
01:26
The boxes are too narrow.
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盒子的空間太狹小了。
01:28
And this can get really dangerous.
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而且這可能會變得很危險。
01:30
So here's a disclaimer about me, though,
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在我們更深入地討論之前，
01:32
before we get too deep into this.
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我要先坦白地聲明：
01:34
I grew up in a very sheltered environment.
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我在一個受庇護的環境中長大。
01:37
I was raised in downtown Manhattan in the early 1980s,
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一九八零年代初期，我生長在曼哈頓市區，
01:40
two blocks from the epicenter of punk music.
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離朋克音樂中心只有兩個街區的距離。
01:44
I was shielded from the pains of bigotry
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我沒有歷經社會偏見
01:46
and the social restrictions of a religiously-based upbringing.
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以及在強烈宗教環境的社會約束所帶來的痛苦。
01:51
Where I come from, if you weren't a drag queen or a radical thinker
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我長大的地方，如果你不是偽娘，激進分子，
01:54
or a performance artist of some kind,
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或某種行為藝術家，
01:56
you were the weirdo.
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你才是個怪胎。
01:58
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑）
01:59
It was an unorthodox upbringing,
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我的成長過程是有點叛逆，非傳統的
02:01
but as a kid on the streets of New York,
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但是作為一個紐約街頭的小孩，
02:04
you learn how to trust your own instincts,
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你會學會要相信自己的直覺，
02:06
you learn how to go with your own ideas.
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跟著自己的想法走。
02:09
So when I was six, I decided that I wanted to be a boy.
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在我六歲的時候，我決定要做一個小伙子。
02:12
I went to school one day and the kids wouldn't let me play basketball with them.
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有一天我在學校想打籃球但是別的孩子不跟我玩，
02:16
They said they wouldn't let girls play.
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他們說不跟女孩子玩。
02:17
So I went home, and I shaved my head,
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於是我回到家，剃掉了頭髮，
02:18
and I came back the next day and I said, "I'm a boy."
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第二天我回到那裡對他們說，“我是男孩”。
02:21
I mean, who knows, right?
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我是說，誰看得出來呢，對吧？
02:22
When you're six, maybe you can do that.
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當你六歲的時候你也能這麼做。
02:26
I didn't want anyone to know that I was a girl, and they didn't.
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我不希望任何人知道我是女孩，我做到了，
02:30
I kept up the charade for eight years.
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我這麼偽裝了8年。
02:32
So this is me when I was 11.
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這張照片是我11歲時候照的。
02:36
I was playing a kid named Walter
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我在電影“相約在來生”中
02:38
in a movie called "Julian Po."
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扮演一個叫沃特的小孩。
02:40
I was a little street tough that followed Christian Slater around and badgered him.
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我是個街頭小混混，成天跟在
克里斯琴·斯內特左右，纏著他。
克里斯琴·斯內特左右，纏著他。
02:43
See, I was also a child actor,
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我是一個童星，
02:45
which doubled up the layers of the performance of my identity,
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這在兩個層面上掩飾了我的身份，
02:48
because no one knew that I was actually a girl really playing a boy.
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因為沒有人知道我在女扮男裝。
02:54
In fact, no one in my life knew that I was a girl --
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事實上沒有任何和我接觸的人知道我是女孩 --
02:57
not my teachers at school, not my friends,
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學校的老師、我朋友和
03:00
not the directors that I worked with.
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跟我一起拍戲的導演都不知道。
03:02
Kids would often come up to me in class
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在教室裡小伙伴們時常會
03:04
and grab me by the throat to check for an Adam's apple
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掐著我的脖子看有沒有喉結，
03:06
or grab my crotch to check what I was working with.
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或抓我的檔部看看我是男是女。
03:09
When I would go to the bathroom, I would turn my shoes around in the stalls
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當我上廁所的時候我把鞋子反過來穿著
03:12
so that it looked like I was peeing standing up.
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這樣看起來像是在站著小便。
03:14
At sleepovers I would have panic attacks
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在外過夜的時候，我時常會恐慌：
03:16
trying to break it to girls that they didn't want to kiss me
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如何在不暴露自己的前提下把這個事件
03:19
without outing myself.
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告訴那些不想親吻我的女孩。
03:20
It's worth mentioning though
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我需要澄清一下，
03:23
that I didn't hate my body or my genitalia.
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我不討厭我的身體或性別，
03:26
I didn't feel like I was in the wrong body.
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我沒覺得我投錯了胎--
03:28
I felt like I was performing this elaborate act.
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我只是覺得這是一場精心籌備的演出。
03:30
I wouldn't have qualified as transgender.
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我沒有資格被成為變性人。
03:34
If my family, though, had been the kind of people to believe in therapy,
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假如我的家人是相信心理治療的話，
03:36
they probably would have diagnosed me
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他們或許會認為我是性別畸形，
03:38
as something like gender dysmorphic
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或許給我注射激素
03:40
and put me on hormones to stave off puberty.
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，以推遲青春期。
03:42
But in my particular case,
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但在我這個案例中，
03:43
I just woke up one day when I was 14,
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我在14歲的時候突然的覺醒了，
03:45
and I decided that I wanted to be a girl again.
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決定重新做回女生。
03:47
Puberty had hit, and I had no idea what being a girl meant,
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青春期來了，我不知道這個決定意味著什麼，
03:50
and I was ready to figure out who I actually was.
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但是我想找到真正的自我。
03:54
When a kid behaves like I did,
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像我這樣（女扮男裝）的孩子，
03:56
they don't exactly have to come out, right?
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其實用不著宣佈出櫃的，對吧
03:58
No one is exactly shocked.
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沒有人覺得意外。
04:00
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑）
04:04
But I wasn't asked to define myself by my parents.
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但是我的父母並沒有要求我給自己歸類。
04:09
When I was 15, and I called my father
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在我15歲的時候，我給爸爸打電話
04:11
to tell him that I had fallen in love,
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告訴他我戀愛了
04:12
it was the last thing on either of our minds
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我們誰都沒有想過
04:15
to discuss what the consequences were
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去討論喜歡上一個女孩子
04:16
of the fact that my first love was a girl.
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可能帶來的後果。
04:19
Three years later, when I fell in love with a man,
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三年後當我愛上一個男人時，
04:21
neither of my parents batted an eyelash either.
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我的父母眼皮都沒眨一下。
04:23
See, it's one of the great blessings of my very unorthodox childhood
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瞧，在我離經叛道的童年經歷中最大的幸運，
04:27
that I wasn't ever asked to define myself
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就是我從來沒有被要求把自己
04:29
as any one thing at any point.
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歸為某個確定的類別。
04:31
I was just allowed to be me, growing and changing in every moment.
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我能夠自由地做自己，成長，並隨時改變自己。
04:35
So four, almost five years ago,
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所以大概四、五年前，
04:38
Proposition 8, the great marriage equality debate,
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關於同性戀婚姻合法化第八號提案
04:41
was raising a lot of dust around this country.
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在美國引起了巨大的關注。
04:43
And at the time, getting married wasn't really something
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那個時候我還沒有花太多時間
04:46
I spent a lot of time thinking about.
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考慮結婚的問題。
04:47
But I was struck by the fact that America,
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但是讓我震驚的是，
04:50
a country with such a tarnished civil rights record,
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有著那樣不堪的人權歷史的美國，
04:52
could be repeating its mistakes so blatantly.
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竟然又一次公然地重複自己的錯誤。
04:55
And I remember watching the discussion on television
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我還記得在電視上看到人們的辯論時，
04:57
and thinking how interesting it was
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覺得多麼的好玩：
04:58
that the separation of church and state
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宗教之間和州之間的差異
05:01
was essentially drawing geographical boundaries throughout this country,
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使得國家被劃出一條地理上的界限，
05:05
between places where people believed in it
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這邊的人們持贊成觀點，
05:07
and places where people didn't.
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那邊的人持反對態度。
05:08
And then, that this discussion was drawing geographical boundaries around me.
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然後我發現這些討論
也在我的身上畫下了界限。
也在我的身上畫下了界限。
05:15
If this was a war with two disparate sides,
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如果這是兩方相互對立的戰爭，
05:18
I, by default, fell on team gay,
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我應該歸為同性戀這一邊，
05:21
because I certainly wasn't 100 percent straight.
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因為我顯然不是百分之百“直”的（異性戀）。
05:24
At the time I was just beginning to emerge
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那個時候我剛剛跌跌撞撞的
05:27
from this eight-year personal identity crisis zigzag
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從八年的自我認同危機中走出來，
05:31
that saw me go from being a boy
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從一個男孩變成
05:33
to being this awkward girl that looked like a boy in girl's clothes
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一個看起來像穿著女孩子衣服的男孩子的女孩子，
05:36
to the opposite extreme of this super skimpy,
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到一個超級性感，過度補償的，超有女人味的
05:39
over-compensating, boy-chasing girly-girl
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男孩子夢寐以求的女孩子，
05:41
to finally just a hesitant exploration of what I actually was,
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到現在最終發現了真實的自己，一個
05:45
a tomboyish girl
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男孩子氣的女孩，
05:48
who liked both boys and girls depending on the person.
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取決於對象，會喜歡男孩也會喜歡女孩。
05:51
I had spent a year photographing this new generation of girls, much like myself,
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我曾花了一年的時間拍攝像我一樣的，
05:56
who fell kind of between-the-lines --
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覺得自己處在兩個極端之間的女孩子 -
05:58
girls who skateboarded but did it in lacy underwear,
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穿著蕾絲內衣玩滑板的女孩
06:01
girls who had boys' haircuts but wore girly nail polish,
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剪男士短發但是塗指甲的女孩，
06:05
girls who had eyeshadow to match their scraped knees,
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塗跟膝蓋瘀傷顏色一致的眼影的女孩，
06:08
girls who liked girls and boys who all liked boys and girls
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喜歡女孩也喜歡男孩的女孩，
06:11
who all hated being boxed in to anything.
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討厭被放進任何盒子裡的女孩。
06:13
I loved these people, and I admired their freedom,
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我愛她們，我讚賞她們的自由，
06:17
but I watched as the world outside of our utopian bubble
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但是我看到在我們的小小烏托邦之外的世界，
06:20
exploded into these raging debates
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憤怒的辯論在這個國家的公共電視台上演：
06:22
where pundits started likening our love to bestiality on national television.
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專家們把我們的愛比喻成禽獸不如的行徑。
06:27
And this powerful awareness rolled in over me
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這讓我強烈地感覺到，我屬於少數，
06:30
that I was a minority, and in my own home country,
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在我自己的國家，我被視作一個異類了，
06:35
based on one facet of my character.
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僅僅因為我性格中某一方面的特點。
06:38
I was legally and indisputably a second-class citizen.
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我是毫無疑問地被法律規定為二等公民。
06:43
I was not an activist.
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我不是激進份子。
06:45
I wave no flags in my own life.
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我從來沒有參加過遊行示威。
06:47
But I was plagued by this question:
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但是卻被這個問題困擾：
06:49
How could anyone vote to strip the rights
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為什麼人可以僅僅根據
06:52
of the vast variety of people that I knew
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別人性格中某一個特徵
06:55
based on one element of their character?
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就將那麼多行色各異的人的權利剝奪？
06:58
How could they say that we as a group
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他們怎麼能說我們都是不配享受
07:00
were not deserving of equal rights as somebody else?
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與他們同動公民權利的另一類人？
07:02
Were we even a group? What group?
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我們打頭來是一類人麼？哪一類？
07:05
And had these people ever even consciously met a victim of their discrimination?
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這些（投贊成票的）人有試圖
了解過被他們歧視的受害者麼？
了解過被他們歧視的受害者麼？
07:09
Did they know who they were voting against and what the impact was?
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他們知道他們在投票支持什麼，會帶來什麼影響麼？
07:13
And then it occurred to me,
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然後我想到了，
07:15
perhaps if they could look into the eyes
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如果他們能夠有機會
07:17
of the people that they were casting into second-class citizenship
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凝視一次他們認為是二等公民的人的眼睛，
07:21
it might make it harder for them to do.
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他們或許會更難投出這一票...
07:23
It might give them pause.
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或許會讓他們想一下。
07:25
Obviously I couldn't get 20 million people to the same dinner party,
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很顯然我不能開一個兩千萬人的派對，
07:30
so I figured out a way where I could introduce them to each other photographically
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而我能想到的方法是
通過照片讓他們相互認識
通過照片讓他們相互認識
07:35
without any artifice, without any lighting,
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我不會對照片做任何處理，
07:38
or without any manipulation of any kind on my part.
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不做燈光特效，不做改動，什麼都不做。
07:41
Because in a photograph you can examine a lion's whiskers
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因為照片的好處在於
你可以在審視獅子的鬍鬚的同時，
你可以在審視獅子的鬍鬚的同時，
07:44
without the fear of him ripping your face off.
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不用擔心牠會撲過來撕破你的臉。
07:46
For me, photography is not just about exposing film,
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對我而言，攝影不僅僅是曝光膠卷那麼簡單，
07:50
it's about exposing the viewer
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它讓觀看者看到新的東西，
07:52
to something new, a place they haven't gone before,
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體驗從未有過的感覺，
07:54
but most importantly, to people that they might be afraid of.
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最重要的，讓人們審視他們可能畏懼的人。
07:57
Life magazine introduced generations of people
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《生活》雜誌上載者通過圖片向一代人介紹了
07:59
to distant, far-off cultures they never knew existed through pictures.
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他們從未接觸的遙遠的、與眾不同的文化。
08:03
So I decided to make a series of very simple portraits,
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所以我決定製作一系列簡單的肖像照，
08:09
mugshots if you will.
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或者叫大頭照。
08:11
And I basically decided to photograph anyone in this country
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簡單來說我拍攝這個國家
任何不是百分之百“直”的人，
任何不是百分之百“直”的人，
08:15
that was not 100 percent straight,
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如果你沒有意識到
08:17
which, if you don't know, is a limitless number of people.
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這樣的人多得數不清。
08:20
(Laughter)
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（笑）
08:23
So this was a very large undertaking,
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所以這是一個非常大的工作量，
08:25
and to do it we needed some help.
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我需要一些幫助來做這個。
08:27
So I ran out in the freezing cold,
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所以在兩年前的二月，
08:30
and I photographed every single person that I knew that I could get to
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我在刺骨的寒冷中，拍攝了我能找到的
08:33
in February of about two years ago.
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每一個這樣的人。
08:37
And I took those photographs, and I went to the HRC and I asked them for some help.
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我拍了這些照片，我去找
HRC（人權組織），希望能得到幫助。
HRC（人權組織），希望能得到幫助。
08:41
And they funded two weeks of shooting in New York.
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他們提供了贊助，（我們）在紐約進行了兩週的攝影。
08:43
And then we made this.
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這是我們的成果。
08:46
(Music)
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（音樂）
08:59
Video: I'm iO Tillett Wright, and I'm an artist born and raised in New York City.
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我是歐伊·蒂利特·萊特，紐約土生土長的藝術家。
09:03
(Music)
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（音樂）
09:16
Self Evident Truths is a photographic record of LGBTQ America today.
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“不證自明的真理”（Self Evident Truths）
是今天美國非異性戀群體的攝影記錄。
是今天美國非異性戀群體的攝影記錄。
09:21
My aim is to take a simple portrait
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我的目標是為在任何方面
09:23
of anyone who's anything other than 100 percent straight
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覺得自己不是百分之百“直”的人
09:25
or feels like they fall in the LGBTQ spectrum in any way.
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拍攝一幅簡單的肖像。
09:30
My goal is to show the humanity that exists in every one of us
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我的目標是通過一張質樸的臉向大家闡釋
09:33
through the simplicity of a face.
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人性存在於每個人身上。
09:36
(Music)
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（音樂）
09:38
"We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal."
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...我們認為人人生而平等這樣的真理是不證自明的。
09:41
It's written in the Declaration of Independence.
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它被寫在獨立宣言中。
09:44
We are failing as a nation
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我們，作為一個國家，
09:45
to uphold the morals upon which we were founded.
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正在喪失建國時候所堅持的信念。
09:47
There is no equality in the United States.
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這樣的美國沒有平等可言。
09:49
["What does equality mean to you?"]
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“平等對你意味著什麼？”
09:52
["Marriage"] ["Freedom"] ["Civil rights"]
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“婚姻”，“自由”，
09:53
["Treat every person as you'd treat yourself"]
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“公民權利”，“待人如己”
09:55
It's when you don't have to think about it, simple as that.
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平等本不需要深思熟慮，它本該如此。
09:59
The fight for equal rights is not just about gay marriage.
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爭取平等的鬥爭不僅僅是為了同性婚姻。
10:02
Today in 29 states, more than half of this country,
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今天，美國的29個州，超過美國州總數一半，
10:06
you can legally be fired just for your sexuality.
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你可能因為性取向而被合法的炒掉。
10:10
["Who is responsible for equality?"]
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“誰有義務捍衛平等嗎？”
10:13
I've heard hundreds of people give the same answer:
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我聽到很多人給出了同樣的答案：
10:16
"We are all responsible for equality."
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“我們都有義務保證平等”
10:20
So far we've shot 300 faces in New York City.
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目前我們在紐約拍攝了三百張人像。
10:23
And we wouldn't have been able to do any of it
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沒有人權組織陣營的大力支持
10:24
without the generous support of the Human Rights Campaign.
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我們無法做到這一點。
10:27
I want to take the project across the country.
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我希望在整個國家開展該項活動。
10:29
I want to visit 25 American cities, and I want to shoot 4,000 or 5,000 people.
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我希望遊歷25個美國城市，拍攝4000到5000個人。
10:33
This is my contribution to the civil rights fight of my generation.
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這是我為我這一代人的
公民權利鬥爭做出的努力。
公民權利鬥爭做出的努力。
10:37
I challenge you to look into the faces of these people
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我要求你看著這些肖像的眼睛
10:39
and tell them that they deserve less than any other human being.
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對他們說他們不配享有跟你一樣的權利。
10:42
(Music)
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（音樂）
10:44
["Self evident truths"]
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“不證自明的真理”
10:46
["4,000 faces across America"]
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“全美國四千張肖像”
10:48
(Music)
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（音樂）
10:53
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
11:01
iO Tillett Wright: Absolutely nothing could have prepared us for what happened after that.
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我們當時絕對想不到這之後發生的事情。
11:05
Almost 85,000 people watched that video,
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大概八萬五千人觀看了視頻後
11:08
and then they started emailing us from all over the country,
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給我們發電子郵件，要我們去他們的小鎮拍攝，
11:11
asking us to come to their towns and help them to show their faces.
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展示他們的肖像。
11:16
And a lot more people wanted to show their faces than I had anticipated.
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想要參與的人數遠遠超過的了預計。
11:20
So I changed my immediate goal to 10,000 faces.
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所以我把我的目標提高到了一萬張肖像。
11:24
That video was made in the spring of 2011,
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視頻製作自2011年的春天，
11:28
and as of today I have traveled to almost 20 cities
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而今年我已經在將近20個城市
11:31
and photographed almost 2,000 people.
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拍攝了將近2000個人的大頭照。
11:34
I know that this is a talk,
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我知道現在是演講，
11:37
but I'd like to have a minute of just quiet
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但是我希望能留出一分鐘時間什麼都不說，
11:40
and have you just look at these faces
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只是看著他們的臉，
11:41
because there is nothing that I can say that will add to them.
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因為我想不出需要補充什麼。
11:45
Because if a picture is worth a thousand words,
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因為一張圖片勝過千言萬語，
11:48
then a picture of a face needs a whole new vocabulary.
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沒有一個詞彙可以詮釋一副面孔。
12:12
So after traveling and talking to people
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在我遊歷許多地方，比如奧克拉荷馬州
和德克薩斯州（譯者注：都是保守州）
和德克薩斯州（譯者注：都是保守州）
12:16
in places like Oklahoma or small-town Texas,
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並與那裡小鎮上的人交談之後，
12:20
we found evidence that the initial premise was dead on.
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我們發現... 有跡象顯示之前的提案已經漸漸消失了。
12:24
Visibility really is key.
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相互了解是關鍵。
12:25
Familiarity really is the gateway drug to empathy.
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熟悉程度是引發同情的重要因素。
12:29
Once an issue pops up in your own backyard or amongst your own family,
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當一個問題出現在你家後院或你自己的家庭中，
12:32
you're far more likely to explore sympathy for it
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你去同情的可能性會倍增，
12:35
or explore a new perspective on it.
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或變得願意接受一個新的觀點。
12:37
Of course, in my travels I met people
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當然，在我的旅行中我遇見了
12:39
who legally divorced their children for being other than straight,
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跟同性戀子女斷絕法律關係的父母，
12:43
but I also met people who were Southern Baptists
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但是我也看到了有些父母，
當他們知道他們的孩子是同性戀時，
當他們知道他們的孩子是同性戀時，
12:46
who switched churches because their child was a lesbian.
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他們從美南浸信會（譯者注：立場保守）
改信了其他基督派別。
改信了其他基督派別。
12:49
Sparking empathy had become the backbone of Self Evident Truths.
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同理心的觸動是“不證自明的真理”的基石。
12:53
But here's what I was starting to learn that was really interesting:
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但是接下來我發現了真正有趣的事情：
12:56
Self Evident Truths doesn't erase the differences between us.
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“不證自明的真理”並沒有消除我們之間的差異。
13:01
In fact, on the contrary, it highlights them.
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相反地，差異被突出了。
13:04
It presents, not just the complexities
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這體現出這件事情的複雜性，
13:06
found in a procession of different human beings,
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不僅體現在不同的人群之間，
13:08
but the complexities found within each individual person.
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也體現在每個獨立的個人之間。
13:12
It wasn't that we had too many boxes, it was that we had too few.
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我們的盒子不是太多，而是太少。
13:23
At some point I realized that my mission to photograph "gays" was inherently flawed,
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在某刻我意識到我拍攝
“同性戀者”的計劃一開始就有瑕疵，
“同性戀者”的計劃一開始就有瑕疵，
13:30
because there were a million different shades of gay.
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“同性戀者”這個英英解釋
可以分成上百萬種不同的分類。
可以分成上百萬種不同的分類。
13:33
Here I was trying to help,
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我希望能夠做點什麼，
13:36
and I had perpetuated the very thing I had spent my life trying to avoid --
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而我接下來做的事情是我畢生想要去避免的 -
13:39
yet another box.
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創造新的盒子。
13:41
At some point I added a question to the release form
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從某刻開始我在自己的問卷中添加了一個問題，
13:45
that asked people to quantify themselves
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要求填寫者評估自己“同性戀”的程度，
13:46
on a scale of one to 100 percent gay.
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從零分到一百分給自己打分。
13:49
And I watched so many existential crises unfold in front of me.
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然後我就目睹了無數的
自我存在危機在我面前上演。
自我存在危機在我面前上演。
13:53
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑）
13:56
People didn't know what to do
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人們從來沒有
13:57
because they had never been presented with the option before.
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被問過這個問題，也不知道怎麼回答。
14:00
Can you quantify your openness?
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你能量化自己有多開放麼？
14:02
Once they got over the shock, though,
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當他們緩過神來之後，
14:04
by and large people opted for somewhere between 70 to 95 percent
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多數人給自己的分數在70到95分
14:08
or the 3 to 20 percent marks.
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或者3到20分之間。
14:10
Of course, there were lots of people who opted for a 100 percent one or the other,
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當然也有人認為自己是
百分百的異性戀或同性戀，
百分百的異性戀或同性戀，
14:13
but I found that a much larger proportion of people
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但是我發現非常大比例的人
14:15
identified as something that was much more nuanced.
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自我定位都是比較微妙的。
14:18
I found that most people fall on a spectrum of what I have come to refer to as "Grey."
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我發現大多數人在這個色譜上
都落在“灰色”的位置。
都落在“灰色”的位置。
14:25
Let me be clear though -- and this is very important --
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我要明確一點 - 非常明確的一點 -
14:29
in no way am I saying that preference doesn't exist.
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我從未否認過偏好的存在。
14:33
And I am not even going to address the issue of choice versus biological imperative,
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我也沒有打算去討論這個問題是
先天基因還是後天選擇決定的，
先天基因還是後天選擇決定的，
14:38
because if any of you happen to be of the belief
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但是如果你們當中有人相信
14:41
that sexual orientation is a choice,
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性取向是後天選擇的，
14:43
I invite you to go out and try to be grey.
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我邀請你站出來承認自己是“灰”的。
14:44
I'll take your picture just for trying.
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我想給你拍張大頭照，以鼓勵你嘗試的勇氣。
14:47
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑）
14:48
What I am saying though is that human beings are not one-dimensional.
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我想說，人類不是單一維度就可以區分的。
14:52
The most important thing to take from the percentage system is this:
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百分制評價標準最重要的一點是：
14:58
If you have gay people over here
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如果這邊是完全的同性戀，
15:00
and you have straight people over here,
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另一邊是完全的異性戀，
15:04
and while we recognize that most people identify
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當大多數人將自己定位成靠近異性戀
15:07
as somewhere closer to one binary or another,
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或靠近同性戀這一極端的位置時，
15:10
there is this vast spectrum of people that exist in between.
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有相當多的人落在了這個色譜的中間位置。
15:15
And the reality that this presents is a complicated one.
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而事實上，這展示的是一個很複雜的問題。
15:18
Because, for example, if you pass a law
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因為，比如，你們通過一項法律
15:20
that allows a boss to fire an employee for homosexual behavior,
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允許老闆開除有同性戀行為的員工，
15:23
where exactly do you draw the line?
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那麼這條線應該畫在（色譜的）哪裡？
15:26
Is it over here, by the people who have had one or two heterosexual experiences so far?
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是畫在這裡，有過一到兩次異性戀經歷的人這頭嗎？
15:32
Or is it over here
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還是畫在那裡，
15:33
by the people who have only had one or two homosexual experiences thus far?
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只有過一到兩次同性戀經歷的人那頭？
15:37
Where exactly does one become a second-class citizen?
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究竟是什麼原因使得一個人變成了二等公民？
15:42
Another interesting thing that I learned from my project and my travels
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我的項目和我的遊歷經歷
讓我學到的另一個有趣的事情
讓我學到的另一個有趣的事情
15:47
is just what a poor binding agent sexual orientation is.
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是性取向對於人們的同化作用微乎其微。
15:51
After traveling so much and meeting so many people,
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在遊歷了這麼多地方，跟那麼多人見面之後，
15:54
let me tell you, there are just as many jerks and sweethearts
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我告訴你，同性戀團體中也有笨蛋，好人，
15:57
and Democrats and Republicans and jocks and queens
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民主黨支持者，共和黨支持者，筋肉人，女神，
16:00
and every other polarization you can possibly think of
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你能在人類群體中發現的
16:03
within the LGBT community
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所有的觀點差異
16:05
as there are within the human race.
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在同性戀團體中都存在。
16:09
Aside from the fact that we play with one legal hand tied behind our backs,
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是的，我們一起反抗意圖束縛我們權利的法律，
16:14
and once you get past the shared narrative of prejudice and struggle,
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但是當你撇開我們被歧視
和一起抗爭的共同經歷，
和一起抗爭的共同經歷，
16:17
just being other than straight
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“非異性戀”這個身份，
16:19
doesn't necessarily mean that we have anything in common.
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並不表示我們之間有什麼共同點。
16:24
So in the endless proliferation of faces that Self Evident Truths is always becoming,
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所以隨著“不證自明的真理”活動的開展，
無窮無盡的新人臉照片被加進來，
無窮無盡的新人臉照片被加進來，
16:32
as it hopefully appears across more and more platforms,
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它可能出現在更多的平台，
16:35
bus shelters, billboards, Facebook pages, screen savers,
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公共汽車候車亭，廣告牌，
Facebook的頁面，屏幕保護程式中。
Facebook的頁面，屏幕保護程式中。
16:41
perhaps in watching this procession of humanity,
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或許隨著人性的發展，
16:44
something interesting and useful will begin to happen.
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一些有趣和有用的事情將會發生。
16:47
Hopefully these categories, these binaries,
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這些分類，二分法，
16:50
these over-simplified boxes
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過度簡化的盒子，
16:52
will begin to become useless and they'll begin to fall away.
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或許有希望變得沒有用處，並開始消失。
16:57
Because really, they describe nothing that we see
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因為這些標準無法描述
我們所看到的、所知道的人，
我們所看到的、所知道的人，
17:01
and no one that we know and nothing that we are.
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也無法描繪我們是什麼。
17:04
What we see are human beings in all their multiplicity.
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我們看到的是人類的多樣性。
17:10
And seeing them makes it harder to deny their humanity.
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而親眼看到他們使得
人們很難否認他們的人性。
人們很難否認他們的人性。
17:13
At the very least I hope it makes it harder to deny their human rights.
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最低程度我希望這些面孔
讓人更難否定他們的人權。
讓人更難否定他們的人權。
17:17
So is it me particularly
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所以，我是否就是
17:21
that you would choose to deny the right to housing,
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你所針對的那種人，
17:25
the right to adopt children, the right to marriage,
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拒絕承認我有居住的權利，撫養孩子的權利，
17:28
the freedom to shop here, live here, buy here?
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結婚的權利，開店，生活，購物的自由嗎？
17:31
Am I the one that you choose to disown
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我是否就是你決定要脫離關係的人
17:33
as your child or your brother or your sister or your mother or your father,
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你的子女，你的兄弟姐妹，你的父母，
17:38
your neighbor, your cousin, your uncle, the president,
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你的鄰居，你的堂兄，你的舅舅，美國總統，
17:40
your police woman or the fireman?
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你（社區中）的女警或消防員？
17:43
It's too late.
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太遲了。
17:46
Because I already am all of those things.
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因為我已經是你生活的一部分了。
17:50
We already are all of those things, and we always have been.
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我們已經是相互生活的一部分，我們也將繼續如此。
17:54
So please don't greet us as strangers,
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所以請不要視我們為陌生人，
17:57
greet us as your fellow human beings, period.
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視我們為跟你一樣的人。就這樣。
18:00
Thank you.
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謝謝。
18:02
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
iO Tillett Wright - PhotographerAs a child actor, iO Tillett Wright turned his shoes around in the bathroom stall so that people would think he was a boy. As a teenager, he fell in love with both women and men. His life in the gray areas of gender and sexuality deeply inform his work as an artist.
Why you should listen
iO Tillett Wright thanks his parents for not asking him to define himself as a child. His experience of growing up without having check boxes like “female,” “male,” “gay” or straight” thoroughly infuses his art.
iO’s photography can be seen regularly in two features in The New York Times: Notes from the Underground and The Lowdown. He is also the creator of Self Evident Truths—an ongoing project to document the wide variety of experiences in LGBTQ America. So far, he has photographed about 2,000 people for the project. His goal: 10,000 portraits and a nationwide rethinking of discriminatory laws.
iO had his first solo show at Fuse gallery in New York City in 2010, and exhibited his work at The Hole Gallery in early summer of 2012. He has published three books of photographs; Lose My Number, KISSER, and Look Ma’, No Hands. He has directed several music videos, and spent nineteen years acting in films.
iO Tillett Wright | Speaker | TED.com