TED2016
Hugh Evans: What does it mean to be a citizen of the world?
休．艾文斯: 成為世界公民，對我們有什麼意義？
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休．艾文斯發起了一個動員「世界公民」的運動，世界公民是指那些不會把「自我認同」優先定位在一個州、國家或部落之上的人，而是把自我認同優先定位在全人類之上的人。在這場令人振奮的個人演講中，可以讓我們學到這樣對地球這塊土地新的認同意識，如何刺激世界公民對抗極端貧窮、氣候變遷、性別不平等…等議題。 「這些最終都是全球問題，」艾文斯說，「而最終的解決方式，唯有透過世界公民向他們的領導者要求，提出全球性的解決方案才能做到。」
Hugh Evans - Humanitarian
Through the Global Citizen platform, humanitarian Hugh Evans has created an online community of millions of people -- all driven to eradicate extreme poverty by the year 2030. Full bio
Through the Global Citizen platform, humanitarian Hugh Evans has created an online community of millions of people -- all driven to eradicate extreme poverty by the year 2030. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I want to introduce you
to an amazing woman.
to an amazing woman.
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我想向各位介紹
一位了不起的女人。
一位了不起的女人。
00:15
Her name is Davinia.
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她的名字叫達維妮雅，
00:18
Davinia was born in Jamaica,
emigrated to the US at the age of 18,
emigrated to the US at the age of 18,
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達維妮雅出生於牙買加，
18 歲時移民到美國。
18 歲時移民到美國。
00:22
and now lives just outside
of Washington, DC.
of Washington, DC.
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現在住在首都華盛頓
哥倫比亞特區的外圍。
哥倫比亞特區的外圍。
00:26
She's not a high-powered
political staffer,
political staffer,
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她不是掌握大權的政府官員，
00:29
nor a lobbyist.
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也不是一位說客。
00:30
She'd probably tell you
she's quite unremarkable,
she's quite unremarkable,
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她可能會告訴你，她很平凡，
00:33
but she's having
the most remarkable impact.
the most remarkable impact.
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但她的影響力卻相當的不平凡。
00:36
What's incredible about Davinia
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達維妮雅不平凡的地方在於，
00:38
is that she's willing to spend
time every single week
time every single week
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她願意每週花時間
00:40
focused on people who are not her:
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去關注那些和她沒有關係的人：
00:43
people not her in her neighborhood,
her state, nor even in her country --
her state, nor even in her country --
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既不是她的鄰居、也不是她所住的州，
甚至也不是她國家的人──
甚至也不是她國家的人──
00:47
people she'd likely never meet.
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而是那些她可能從未見過的人。
00:49
Davinia's impact started a few years ago
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達維妮雅的影響力
從幾年前開始，
從幾年前開始，
00:51
when she reached out
to all of her friends on Facebook,
to all of her friends on Facebook,
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當時她在臉書上尋求朋友幫助，
00:54
and asked them to donate their pennies
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她邀請他們捐點零錢，
00:56
so she could fund girls' education.
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這樣她就可以資助女孩的教育。
00:59
She wasn't expecting a huge response,
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她沒想過會有這麼大的回響，
01:01
but 700,000 pennies later,
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在獲得 70 萬便士後，
01:04
she's now sent over 120 girls to school.
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她送了 120 位女孩去上學。
01:07
When we spoke last week,
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我們上禮拜有聊到，
01:09
she told me she's become
a little infamous at the local bank
a little infamous at the local bank
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她說，她變得有點
不受當地銀行的歡迎了，
不受當地銀行的歡迎了，
01:12
every time she rocks up
with a shopping cart full of pennies.
with a shopping cart full of pennies.
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因為她每次都突然現身
還帶著一卡車零錢。
還帶著一卡車零錢。
01:17
Now -- Davinia is not alone.
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如今，達維妮雅並不孤單。
她離孤單還差得遠的呢。
01:20
Far from it.
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01:21
She's part of a growing movement.
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她是這股成長趨勢的一分子。
01:24
And there's a name
for people like Davinia:
for people like Davinia:
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有一個詞可以形容
像達維妮雅這樣的人：
像達維妮雅這樣的人：
01:26
global citizens.
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「世界公民」。
01:28
A global citizen is someone
who self-identifies first and foremost
who self-identifies first and foremost
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世界公民是指，
不把「自我認同」優先定位在
一個州、國家或部落之上的人，
一個州、國家或部落之上的人，
01:33
not as a member of a state,
a tribe or a nation,
a tribe or a nation,
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01:37
but as a member of the human race,
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而是把自我認同優先定位在
身為人類的一分子，
身為人類的一分子，
01:39
and someone who is prepared
to act on that belief,
to act on that belief,
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並準備好以此信念來採取行動、解決
01:44
to tackle our world's greatest challenges.
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我們世界上最大的挑戰。
01:47
Our work is focused on finding,
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我們的工作就是找出
01:49
supporting and activating global citizens.
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支持和動員這些世界公民。
01:52
They exist in every country
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他們存在每個國家
01:54
and among every demographic.
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與群眾之中。
01:57
I want to make the case to you today
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我今天要向各位說明一個觀點，
01:58
that the world's future depends
on global citizens.
on global citizens.
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就是，世界的未來
仰賴於世界公民。
仰賴於世界公民。
02:01
I'm convinced that if we had
more global citizens active in our world,
more global citizens active in our world,
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我有信心，如果世界上
有更多的世界公民參與，
有更多的世界公民參與，
02:06
then every single one
of the major challenges we face --
of the major challenges we face --
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那我們現在所面臨的各種挑戰——
02:08
from poverty, climate change,
gender inequality --
gender inequality --
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從貧窮、氣候變化到性別不平等——
02:12
these issues become solvable.
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這些議題都可以迎刃而解。
02:14
They are ultimately global issues,
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它們都是全球最棘手的問題，
02:17
and they can ultimately only be solved
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而最終能解決的方式，
02:19
by global citizens demanding
global solutions from their leaders.
global solutions from their leaders.
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就只有透過世界公民向他們的領導者要求
並提出全球性的解決方案才能做到。
並提出全球性的解決方案才能做到。
02:24
Now, some people's immediate
reaction to this idea
reaction to this idea
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現在，肯定會有人會立刻覺得
02:27
is that it's either a bit utopian
or even threatening.
or even threatening.
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這個想法有點異想天開，
甚至有些威脅的意味。
甚至有些威脅的意味。
02:31
So I'd like to share with you
a little of my story today,
a little of my story today,
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所以今天我想告訴你們
一個我的小故事，
一個我的小故事，
02:34
how I ended up here,
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告訴你，我最終是怎麼
站在這裡的，
站在這裡的，
02:36
how it connects with Davinia
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以及這件事如何與
達維尼亞連結起來，
達維尼亞連結起來，
02:38
and, hopefully, with you.
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我更希望可以和你們產生共鳴。
02:40
Growing up in Melbourne, Australia,
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我在澳洲的墨爾本長大，
02:42
I was one of those seriously
irritating little kids
irritating little kids
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我小時候特別煩人，
02:45
that never, ever stopped asking, "Why?"
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總是不停地問「為什麼？」
02:47
You might have been one yourself.
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各位過去可能也是如此。
02:49
I used to ask my mum
the most annoying questions.
the most annoying questions.
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我過去常常問我媽媽
一些相當惱人的問題。
一些相當惱人的問題。
02:52
I'd ask her questions like,
"Mum, why I can't I dress up
"Mum, why I can't I dress up
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我問像是：
「媽，為什麼我不能穿衣打扮，
「媽，為什麼我不能穿衣打扮，
02:55
and play with puppets all day?"
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然後跟木偶玩上一整天？」
02:57
"Why do you want fries with that?"
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「你為什麼要加那個下去炒？ 」
02:59
"What is a shrimp,
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「蝦子是什麼？
03:01
and why do we have to keep
throwing them on the barbie?"
throwing them on the barbie?"
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為什麼我們一直要把牠們
扔到芭比娃娃的頭上？」
扔到芭比娃娃的頭上？」
(意旨：BBQ 烤蝦子）（笑聲）
03:03
(Laughter)
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03:04
"And mum -- this haircut.
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「還有，媽，這髮型……
03:06
Why?"
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為什麼？」
03:07
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:10
The worst haircut, I think.
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我覺得是史上最醜的髮型。
真的很糟糕。
03:13
Still terrible.
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03:14
As a "why" kid, I thought
I could change the world,
I could change the world,
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身為愛問為什麼的男孩，
我自認能改變世界，
我自認能改變世界，
03:17
and it was impossible
to convince me otherwise.
to convince me otherwise.
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而且那時我不可能會被說服。
03:19
And when I was 12
and in my first year of high school,
and in my first year of high school,
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在我 12 歲上中學的第一年，
03:22
I started raising money
for communities in the developing world.
for communities in the developing world.
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我開始籌錢幫助那些
發展中國家的社區。
發展中國家的社區。
03:25
We were a really
enthusiastic group of kids,
enthusiastic group of kids,
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我們是一群熱情四溢的小鬼頭，
03:28
and we raised more money
than any other school in Australia.
than any other school in Australia.
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而且我們在澳洲籌到了
比其它任何學校還要多的錢。
比其它任何學校還要多的錢。
03:31
And so I was awarded the chance
to go to the Philippines to learn more.
to go to the Philippines to learn more.
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因此我得到了一個
去菲律賓學習的機會。
去菲律賓學習的機會。
03:34
It was 1998.
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當時是 1998 年。
03:36
We were taken into a slum
in the outskirts of Manila.
in the outskirts of Manila.
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我們被帶到馬尼拉郊外的
一個貧民窟裡。
一個貧民窟裡。
03:40
It was there I became friends
with Sonny Boy,
with Sonny Boy,
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在那裡，我跟桑尼男孩
變成了好朋友，
變成了好朋友，
03:44
who lived on what was literally
a pile of steaming garbage.
a pile of steaming garbage.
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他就生活在那種
會冒熱氣的垃圾堆當中。
會冒熱氣的垃圾堆當中。
03:48
"Smoky Mountain" was what they called it.
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他們把這座垃圾山
叫做「冒煙山」。
叫做「冒煙山」。
03:50
But don't let the romance
of that name fool you,
of that name fool you,
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但不要被這浪漫的名字給騙了，
03:52
because it was nothing more
than a rancid landfill
than a rancid landfill
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因為它只不過是
散著惡臭味的垃圾堆，
散著惡臭味的垃圾堆，
03:55
that kids like Sonny Boy spent hours
rummaging through every single day
rummaging through every single day
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這些像桑尼的孩子們，
每天要花大量的時間
每天要花大量的時間
03:59
to find something, anything of value.
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在這些垃圾堆中尋找值錢的東西。
04:03
That night with Sonny Boy and his family
changed my life forever,
changed my life forever,
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那晚，桑尼和他的家人
徹底改變了我的一生，
徹底改變了我的一生，
04:06
because when it came time to go to sleep,
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因為睡覺的時候，
04:08
we simply laid down on this concrete
slab the size of half my bedroom
slab the size of half my bedroom
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我們就睡在只有我的
臥室一半大的混凝土地板上，
臥室一半大的混凝土地板上，
04:12
with myself, Sonny Boy,
and the rest of his family,
and the rest of his family,
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而且是我、桑尼和他的家人
大家一起睡。
大家一起睡。
04:15
seven of us in this long line,
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7 個人成排睡在這麼寬的空間，
04:16
with the smell of rubbish all around us
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伴隨著身邊的垃圾臭味，
04:19
and cockroaches crawling all around.
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還有滿地爬的蟑螂。
我根本闔不上眼，
04:21
And I didn't sleep a wink,
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04:23
but I lay awake thinking to myself,
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我躺著，卻清醒地在想一件事：
04:24
"Why should anyone have to live like this
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「當我擁有這麼多的同時，
為什麼還有人必須住在這樣的地方？」
為什麼還有人必須住在這樣的地方？」
04:27
when I have so much?
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04:29
Why should Sonny Boy's ability
to live out his dreams
to live out his dreams
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為什麼桑尼男孩
實現他夢想的能力
實現他夢想的能力
04:32
be determined by where he's born,
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是由他的出生地所決定？
04:34
or what Warren Buffett called
'the ovarian lottery?'"
'the ovarian lottery?'"
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或者就像華倫巴菲特說：
「娘胎是張大樂透」？
「娘胎是張大樂透」？
04:37
I just didn't get it,
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我就是搞不懂，
04:38
and I needed to understand why.
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而且我需要知道為什麼。
04:41
Now, I only later came to understand
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我後來才理解，
04:44
that the poverty I'd seen
in the Philippines
in the Philippines
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我在菲律賓看到的貧窮，
04:46
was the result of decisions made
or not made, man-made,
or not made, man-made,
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是各種由人有意或無意
所制定的決策而產生的後果，
所制定的決策而產生的後果，
04:50
by a succession of colonial powers
and corrupt governments
and corrupt governments
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像是一次又一次外來強權的殖民，
04:54
who had anything but the interests
of Sonny Boy at heart.
of Sonny Boy at heart.
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或是除了桑尼男孩心願以外
什麼都想要的腐敗政府所造成。
什麼都想要的腐敗政府所造成。
04:57
Sure, they didn't create Smoky Mountain,
but they may as well have.
but they may as well have.
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沒錯，「冒煙山」不是他們創造的，
但也是由他們促成的。
但也是由他們促成的。
05:01
And if we're to try to help
kids like Sonny Boy,
kids like Sonny Boy,
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如果我們想要幫助
像桑尼男孩這樣的孩子，
像桑尼男孩這樣的孩子，
05:03
it wouldn't work just to try
to send him a few dollars
to send him a few dollars
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給他們一點小錢
或者清理他們住家的垃圾
都沒有太大的用處，
都沒有太大的用處，
05:06
or to try to clean up
the garbage dump on which he lived,
the garbage dump on which he lived,
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05:09
because the core
of the problem lay elsewhere.
of the problem lay elsewhere.
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因為核心問題仍躺在那邊還沒解決。
05:12
And as I worked on community
development projects over the coming years
development projects over the coming years
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我這幾年做了一些社區發展計畫，
05:15
trying to help build schools,
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像是試著建學校、
05:17
train teachers, and tackle HIV and AIDS,
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培訓老師、對抗愛滋病毒。
05:20
I came to see that community development
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我開始發現社區的發展，
05:23
should be driven
by communities themselves,
by communities themselves,
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應該是由社區本身來驅動的，
05:25
and that although charity is necessary,
it's not sufficient.
it's not sufficient.
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雖然對他們的捐助是必要的，
但這些還不夠。
但這些還不夠。
05:29
We need to confront these challenges
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我們面對這些的挑戰
05:31
on a global scale and in a systemic way.
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必須採取一個全球性、
有系統的方式。
有系統的方式。
05:34
And the best thing I could do
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而我能幫上最大的忙，
05:35
is try to mobilize a large group
of citizens back home
of citizens back home
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就是去動員這些世界公民回家，
05:39
to insist that our leaders engage
in that systemic change.
in that systemic change.
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去督促我們的領導人
參與這個系統性的變革。
參與這個系統性的變革。
05:43
That's why, a few years later,
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這也是為什麼幾年之後，
05:45
I joined with a group of college friends
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我跟一群大學的朋友，
05:47
in bringing the Make Poverty History
campaign to Australia.
campaign to Australia.
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一起在澳洲舉行
「讓貧窮成為歷史」的運動。
「讓貧窮成為歷史」的運動。
05:51
We had this dream of staging
this small concert
this small concert
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我們的夢想是舉辦一個小型音樂會，
05:54
around the time of the G20
with local Aussie artists,
with local Aussie artists,
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就在 G20 會議期間，
與澳洲當地的藝人一起共襄盛舉，
與澳洲當地的藝人一起共襄盛舉，
05:58
and it suddenly exploded one day
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就在我們接到來自
06:00
when we got a phone call from Bono,
the Edge and Pearl Jam,
the Edge and Pearl Jam,
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波諾、The Edge、 珍珠果醬樂團的來電後，
這場盛事，一天內就突然爆紅了起來，
這場盛事，一天內就突然爆紅了起來，
06:04
who all agreed to headline our concert.
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他們都答應在我們的
音樂會上擔綱主角。
音樂會上擔綱主角。
06:07
I got a little bit excited
that day, as you can see.
that day, as you can see.
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那天我有點激動，
你可以看得出來。
你可以看得出來。
06:09
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:11
But to our amazement,
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但令我們驚訝的是，
06:13
the Australian government
heard our collective voices,
heard our collective voices,
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澳洲政府聽到
我們全體的聲音了，
我們全體的聲音了，
06:16
and they agreed to double investment
into global health and development --
into global health and development --
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他們答應，會把投入全球
健康和發展的經費提高一倍——
健康和發展的經費提高一倍——
06:20
an additional 6.2 billion dollars.
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額外增加 62 億的預算。
06:23
It felt like --
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這感覺就像——
06:24
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
06:28
It felt like this incredible validation.
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這感覺像是一個
不可思議的驗證。
不可思議的驗證。
06:31
By rallying citizens together,
we helped persuade our government
we helped persuade our government
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透過將世界公民團結在一起，
我們說服了我們的政府
去做一些不敢想像的事情，
去做一些不敢想像的事情，
06:34
to do the unthinkable,
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06:36
and act to fix a problem
miles outside of our borders.
miles outside of our borders.
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並採取行動去解決那些
離我們國界數英哩遠地區的問題。
離我們國界數英哩遠地區的問題。
06:40
But here's the thing:
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但問題是，
06:43
it didn't last.
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這並沒有持續很久。
06:44
See, there was a change in government,
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你看，政府裡發生了變化，
06:46
and six years later, all that new money
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六年以後，所有之前新追加的預算
06:49
disappeared.
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全都被砍掉了。
06:51
What did we learn?
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我們從中學到了什麼？
06:53
We learned that one-off spikes
are not enough.
are not enough.
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我們學到了，曇花一現是不夠的。
06:57
We needed a sustainable movement,
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我們需要的是可以不斷持續地運動，
06:59
not one that is susceptible
to the fluctuating moods of a politician
to the fluctuating moods of a politician
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而不會受到政治家
情緒波動的干擾，
情緒波動的干擾，
07:03
or the hint of an economic downturn.
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或經濟衰退預警的影響。
07:06
And it needed to happen everywhere;
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運動必須在世界各地發生；
07:08
otherwise, every individual government
would have this built-in excuse mechanism
would have this built-in excuse mechanism
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否則，各國政府就有
制式的官方理由推託說，
制式的官方理由推託說，
07:12
that they couldn't possibly carry
the burden of global action alone.
the burden of global action alone.
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這些全球性的活動，
以一國之力負擔不起。
以一國之力負擔不起。
07:17
And so this is what we embarked upon.
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所以，我們開始進行這項工作。
07:20
And as we embarked upon
this challenge, we asked ourselves,
this challenge, we asked ourselves,
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當我們開始進行這項挑戰時，
我們自問，
我們自問，
07:23
how do we gain enough pressure
and build a broad enough army
and build a broad enough army
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我們要如何獲得足夠的壓力
並建立起一支足夠強大的部隊
並建立起一支足夠強大的部隊
07:26
to win these fights for the long term?
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來贏得這場長期的戰爭？
07:29
We could only think of one way.
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我們只想出了一種辦法。
07:32
We needed to somehow turn
that short-term excitement
that short-term excitement
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我們需要以某種方式，
讓人參與「讓貧窮成為歷史」運動
讓人參與「讓貧窮成為歷史」運動
07:34
of people involved with
the Make Poverty History campaign
the Make Poverty History campaign
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可以從短時間的興奮
07:37
into long-term passion.
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轉變為長時間的熱情，
07:39
It had to be part of their identity.
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成為他們自我認同的一部分。
07:42
So in 2012, we cofounded an organization
that had exactly that as its goal.
that had exactly that as its goal.
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所以 2012 年我們成立了一個
專門為達成這個目標的組織。
專門為達成這個目標的組織。
07:47
And there was only one name for it:
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這個組織只有一個適合的名字：
07:50
Global Citizen.
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「世界公民」。
07:52
But this is not about
any one organization.
any one organization.
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但這與任何組織都無關。
07:55
This is about citizens taking action.
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這與公民是否採取行動有關。
07:58
And research data tells us
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研究數據告訴我們，
07:59
that of the total population
who even care about global issues,
who even care about global issues,
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關注世界問題的總人口當中，
08:04
only 18 percent have done
anything about it.
anything about it.
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大概只有 18% 的人付出了行動。
08:08
It's not that people don't want to act.
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不是大家不想做，
08:10
It's often that they don't
know how to take action,
know how to take action,
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而是他們通常不知道要怎麼做，
08:13
or that they believe that their actions
will have no effect.
will have no effect.
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或者他們覺得自己的行動
起不了作用。
起不了作用。
08:16
So we had to somehow recruit
and activate millions of citizens
and activate millions of citizens
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所以我們需要以某種方式來招募
並激勵這些來自
不同國家的無數公民，
不同國家的無數公民，
08:19
in dozens of countries
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08:21
to put pressure on their leaders
to behave altruistically.
to behave altruistically.
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去向他們的領導人施壓，
請他們無私地付出。
請他們無私地付出。
08:24
And as we did so, we discovered
something really thrilling,
something really thrilling,
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當我們這樣做之後，
我們發現了一些令人振奮的事情，
我們發現了一些令人振奮的事情，
08:28
that when you make
global citizenship your mission,
global citizenship your mission,
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就是當你把世界公民運動
當做你的任務，
當做你的任務，
08:31
you suddenly find yourself
with some extraordinary allies.
with some extraordinary allies.
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你會突然發現，你身邊有一群
非凡的盟友與你並肩作戰。
非凡的盟友與你並肩作戰。
08:34
See, extreme poverty isn't the only issue
that's fundamentally global.
that's fundamentally global.
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全球的問題不僅僅只有貧窮，
08:38
So, too, is climate change,
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還有氣候變遷、
08:40
human rights, gender equality,
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人權、性別平等，
08:43
even conflict.
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甚至衝突。
08:44
We found ourselves shoulder to shoulder
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我們發現我們正與那些
同樣對解決全球問題
有熱情的人，一起並肩作戰。
有熱情的人，一起並肩作戰。
08:47
with people who are passionate about
targeting all these interrelated issues.
targeting all these interrelated issues.
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08:51
But how did we actually
go about recruiting
go about recruiting
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但是我們要如何去招募，
08:53
and engaging those global citizens?
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並讓這些世界公民參與活動呢？
08:55
Well, we used the universal language:
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我們用了世界的共同語言：
08:59
music.
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音樂。
09:00
We launched the Global Citizen Festival
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我們在紐約市中心的中央公園
09:02
in the heart of New York City
in Central Park,
in Central Park,
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舉辦「世界公民音樂節」，
09:05
and we persuaded some of the world's
biggest artists to participate.
biggest artists to participate.
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我們說服了一些世界上
最大咖的音樂家來參加。
最大咖的音樂家來參加。
09:09
We made sure that
these festivals coincided
these festivals coincided
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我們要確保這些活動
09:11
with the UN General Assembly meeting,
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能與聯合國大會會議同時進行，
09:13
so that leaders who need
to hear our voices
to hear our voices
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讓那些需要聆聽
我們聲音的領導者們，
我們聲音的領導者們，
09:16
couldn't possible ignore them.
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沒辦法再忽略我們的聲音。
09:18
But there was a twist:
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但有一個前提就是：
09:20
you couldn't buy a ticket.
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你不能買門票。
09:22
You had to earn it.
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你必須透過實際行動來賺得門票。
09:24
You had to take action
on behalf of a global cause,
on behalf of a global cause,
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你必須要為全球議題發聲，
09:27
and only once you'd done that
could you earn enough points to qualify.
could you earn enough points to qualify.
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唯有這樣，你才有足夠的點數
來獲取門票。
來獲取門票。
09:31
Activism is the currency.
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行動才是入場券。
09:34
I had no interest in citizenship
purely as some sort of feel-good thing.
purely as some sort of feel-good thing.
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我對公民權沒有興趣，因為它無非
只是些讓你自我感覺良好的東西。
只是些讓你自我感覺良好的東西。
09:38
For me, citizenship means you have to act,
and that's what we required.
and that's what we required.
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對我而言，公民權利意味著你必須要行動，
而那才是我們所需要的。
而那才是我們所需要的。
09:42
And amazingly, it worked.
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驚人的是，起作用了。
09:44
Last year, more than 155,000 citizens
in the New York area alone
in the New York area alone
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去年，光是紐約區域
就有超過 15.5 萬的公民，
就有超過 15.5 萬的公民，
09:49
earned enough points to qualify.
207
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取得了足夠參與音樂會的點數。
09:51
Globally, we've now signed up citizens
in over 150 countries around the world.
in over 150 countries around the world.
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綜觀全球，我們目前已經有來自超過
150 個國家的世界公民登記。
150 個國家的世界公民登記。
09:55
And last year, we signed up
more than 100,000 new members
more than 100,000 new members
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去年一整年，我們每個星期
都有超過 10 萬人
登記成為新會員。
登記成為新會員。
09:59
each and every week of the whole year.
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10:01
See, we don't need to create
global citizens from nothing.
global citizens from nothing.
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你看，我們不需要無中生有
創造什麼世界公民出來。
創造什麼世界公民出來。
10:05
We're already everywhere.
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我們已經在世界各處了。
10:07
We just need to be organized
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我們只需要組織起來，
10:09
and motivated to start acting.
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或者動員起來去採取行動。
10:12
And this is where I believe
we can learn a lot from Davinia,
we can learn a lot from Davinia,
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3095
而這也是我相信我們可以
從達尼維雅那裡學到的東西，
從達尼維雅那裡學到的東西，
10:15
who started taking action
as a global citizen back in 2012.
as a global citizen back in 2012.
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身為世界公民的她，
在 2012 年就已經展開許多行動。
在 2012 年就已經展開許多行動。
10:19
Here's what she did.
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她是這麼做的。
10:21
It wasn't rocket science.
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這不是什麼特別難的事。
10:23
She started writing letters,
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她開始寫信，
10:25
emailing politicians' offices.
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寄電子郵件到政治人物的辦公室。
10:28
She volunteered her time
in her local community.
in her local community.
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她在當地社區貢獻自己的時間。
10:31
That's when she got active on social media
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在她開始與社交媒體接觸
10:33
and started to collect pennies --
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並開始募零錢後——
10:36
a lot of pennies.
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她募到了很多零錢。
10:38
Now, maybe that doesn't sound
like a lot to you.
like a lot to you.
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也許你們覺得
這些零錢好像沒有很多。
這些零錢好像沒有很多。
10:42
How will that achieve anything?
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這樣哪能完成什麼事呢？
其實，我們完成了很多事，
因為她並不孤單。
因為她並不孤單。
10:44
Well, it achieved a lot
because she wasn't alone.
because she wasn't alone.
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10:48
Her actions, alongside 142,000
other global citizens',
other global citizens',
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她的行動，
有 14.2 萬的世界公民參與，
有 14.2 萬的世界公民參與，
10:52
led the US government
to double their investment
to double their investment
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讓美國政府
在全球公民意識的教育上
增加了一倍的預算。
增加了一倍的預算。
10:55
into Global Partnership for Education.
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1831
10:57
And here's Dr. Raj Shah,
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這位是美國國際開發組
組長拉吉夫．沙赫博士
組長拉吉夫．沙赫博士
10:58
the head of USAID,
making that announcement.
making that announcement.
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2502
發布該項聲明。
11:01
See, when thousands of global citizens
find inspiration from each other,
find inspiration from each other,
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你看，當數以千計的世界公民
從彼此間找到熱情時，
從彼此間找到熱情時，
11:05
it's amazing to see
their collective power.
their collective power.
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你會看到他們群聚的力量
真的很驚人。
真的很驚人。
11:07
Global citizens like Davinia
helped persuade the World Bank
helped persuade the World Bank
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3412
像達維妮雅這樣的世界公民
也協助說服世界銀行
也協助說服世界銀行
11:11
to boost their investment
into water and sanitation.
into water and sanitation.
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增加他們投入在水資源
及公共衛生的經費。
及公共衛生的經費。
11:13
Here's the Bank's president Jim Kim
announcing 15 billion dollars onstage
announcing 15 billion dollars onstage
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這位是世界銀行總裁吉姆．金，
他在全球公民講台上
宣布要投入 150 億元經費。
宣布要投入 150 億元經費。
11:18
at Global Citizen,
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1262
11:19
and Prime Minister Modi of India
affirmed his commitment
affirmed his commitment
239
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3506
印度總理莫迪宣布了他的承諾，
11:22
to put a toilet in every household
and school across India by 2019.
and school across India by 2019.
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在 2019 年前，他要讓印度
每個家庭及學校都有廁所。
每個家庭及學校都有廁所。
11:28
Global citizens encouraged
by the late-night host Stephen Colbert
by the late-night host Stephen Colbert
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4216
全球公民受到深夜主持人
史提芬．荷伯的鼓勵，
史提芬．荷伯的鼓勵，
11:32
launched a Twitter invasion on Norway.
242
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2952
他們在推特上
向挪威發動了一次洗版。
向挪威發動了一次洗版。
11:35
Erna Solberg, the country's
Prime Minister, got the message,
Prime Minister, got the message,
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讓挪威首相艾娜．瑟爾貝克
也收到了世界公民的訊息，
也收到了世界公民的訊息，
11:38
committing to double investment
into girls' education.
into girls' education.
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承諾要在女子教育上
增加一倍的經費。
增加一倍的經費。
11:42
Global citizens together with Rotarians
called on the Canadian, UK,
called on the Canadian, UK,
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全球公民與扶輪社友
共同呼籲加拿大、英國
共同呼籲加拿大、英國
11:46
and Australian governments
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1401
及澳洲政府，
11:47
to boost their investment
into polio eradication.
into polio eradication.
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2862
增加他們在根除
小兒麻痺症上的經費。
小兒麻痺症上的經費。
11:50
They got together and committed
665 million dollars.
665 million dollars.
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他們聚在一起承諾，
總共要投入 6.65 億元。
總共要投入 6.65 億元。
11:56
But despite all of this momentum,
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但儘管有這一切的造勢活動，
11:59
we face some huge challenges.
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我們仍面臨著很大的挑戰。
12:02
See, you might be thinking to yourself,
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你看，你自己可能會想，
我們要如何說服全球的領袖，
12:03
how can we possibly persuade world leaders
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12:06
to sustain a focus on global issues?
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持續關注全球問題呢？
12:09
Indeed, the powerful American
politician Tip O'Neill once said,
politician Tip O'Neill once said,
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的確，有影響力的
美國政治家歐尼爾曾說：
美國政治家歐尼爾曾說：
12:14
"All politics is local."
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「所有的政治都是地方政治。」
12:17
That's what always
got politicians elected:
got politicians elected:
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這也是為什麼政客
總是會被選上的原因：
總是會被選上的原因：
12:20
to seek, gain and hold onto power
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他們透過為當地或國家
追求最大的利益，
追求最大的利益，
12:23
through the pursuit of local
or at very best national interests.
or at very best national interests.
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來為自己尋找、取得並掌控權利。
12:28
I experienced this for the first time
when I was 21 years old.
when I was 21 years old.
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我在 21 歲的時候，
第一次經歷了這樣的經驗。
第一次經歷了這樣的經驗。
12:33
I took a meeting
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我與當時的澳洲外交部長會面，
12:34
with a then-Australian Foreign Minister
who shall remain nameless --
who shall remain nameless --
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我就不要說是誰了…
12:39
[Alexander Downer]
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[ 亞歷山大．唐納 ]
12:40
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
12:43
And behind closed doors,
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關上門後，
12:44
I shared with him my passion
to end extreme poverty.
to end extreme poverty.
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我向他分享了我對
終結極端貧困的雄心壯志。
終結極端貧困的雄心壯志。
12:47
I said, "Minister -- Australia
has this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity
has this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity
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我說：「部長，澳洲這次
有一個千載難逢的機會，
有一個千載難逢的機會，
12:51
to help achieve the Millennium
Development Goals.
Development Goals.
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可以幫助聯合國
達成千禧年發展目標。
達成千禧年發展目標。
12:53
We can do this."
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我們做得到！」
12:55
And he paused,
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然後，他停頓了一下，
12:57
looked down on me
with cold, dismissive eyes,
with cold, dismissive eyes,
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用無情鄙視的眼神，
看著我說：「休，
沒有人會『鳥』國際援助的。」
沒有人會『鳥』國際援助的。」
13:00
and he said, "Hugh,
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13:01
no one gives a funk about foreign aid."
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13:04
Except he didn't use the word "funk."
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但他沒有用『鳥』這個字。
13:07
He went on.
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他接著說，
13:08
He said we need to look after
our own backyard first.
our own backyard first.
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我們要先照顧好自家後院。
13:11
This is, I believe,
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我相信，
13:13
outdated, even dangerous thinking.
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這是相當過時，甚至危險的想法。
13:16
Or as my late grandfather would say,
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1873
或者就如同我已故祖父會說的，
13:17
complete BS.
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1345
根本是狗屎。
13:19
Parochialism offers this false dichotomy
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狹隘主義者灌輸了我們
這種錯誤的二分法，
這種錯誤的二分法，
13:22
because it pits the poor in one country
against the poor in another.
against the poor in another.
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因為這是逼迫一個國家的窮人
去對付另一個國家的窮人。
去對付另一個國家的窮人。
13:26
It pretends we can isolate ourselves
and our nations from one another.
and our nations from one another.
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好像假裝我們的國家可以
與其他的國家沒有關係一樣。
與其他的國家沒有關係一樣。
13:30
The whole world is our backyard,
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整個世界就是我們的後院，
13:32
and we ignore it at our peril.
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但我們卻冒險忽略這件事。
13:34
See, look what happened
when we ignored Rwanda,
when we ignored Rwanda,
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你看，當我們忽視了盧安達、
13:36
when we ignore Syria,
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1468
忽視了敘利亞、
13:38
when we ignore climate change.
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1903
忽視了氣候變遷，結果呢？
13:40
Political leaders ought to give a "funk"
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政治領導人應該要「鳥」一下了，
13:42
because the impact of climate change
and extreme poverty
and extreme poverty
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2663
因為環境變遷及極度貧困的影響，
13:45
comes right to our shore.
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已經來到我們身邊。
13:47
Now, global citizens --
they understand this.
they understand this.
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2610
現在，全球公民都了解這件事。
13:49
We live in a time that favors
the global citizen,
the global citizen,
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我們生活在一個
有利於全球公民的時代，
有利於全球公民的時代，
13:53
in an age where every
single voice can be heard.
single voice can be heard.
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一個每個聲音都可以
被傾聽到的年代。
被傾聽到的年代。
13:55
See, do you remember
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各位還記得，
13:57
when the Millennium Development Goals
were signed back in the year 2000?
were signed back in the year 2000?
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3466
2000 年各國簽署的
千禧年發展目標嗎？
千禧年發展目標嗎？
14:00
The most we could do in those days
was fire off a letter
was fire off a letter
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828636
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那些日子我們最多能做的
就是火力全開地發信，
就是火力全開地發信，
14:03
and wait for the next election.
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並期待下一次的選舉。
14:05
There was no social media.
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當時沒有社交媒體。
14:07
Today, billions of citizens
have more tools,
have more tools,
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今日，十幾億的市民有更多的工具，
14:11
more access to information,
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更容易取得資訊，
14:13
more capacity to influence
than ever before.
than ever before.
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比以前更有能力可以影響他們。
14:16
Both the problems and the tools
to solve them are right before us.
to solve them are right before us.
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問題與解決的方法就在我們面前。
14:20
The world has changed,
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世界已經改變，
14:22
and those of us who look
beyond our borders
beyond our borders
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那些把眼光放遠到國界以外的人，
14:24
are on the right side of history.
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他們是站在人類歷史正義的這一邊。
14:28
So where are we?
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1246
那我們做到哪了呢？
14:29
So we run this amazing festival,
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2367
我們舉辦了這次音樂節的活動，
14:32
we've scored some big policy wins,
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2315
我們取得重大政策的勝利，
14:34
and citizens are signing up
all over the world.
all over the world.
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2499
以及來自世界各地公民登記加入。
14:37
But have we achieved our mission?
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2056
但我們有達成目標了嗎？
14:40
No.
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1158
不。
14:42
We have such a long way to go.
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1645
我們還有很長的路要走。
14:44
But this is the opportunity that I see.
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2182
但這是我所看到的機會。
14:48
The concept of global citizenship,
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世界公民的概念，
14:51
self-evident in its logic but until now
impractical in many ways,
impractical in many ways,
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它的邏輯很簡單易懂，但到目前為止
很多方面都還沒落實，
很多方面都還沒落實，
14:57
has coincided with this particular moment
in which we are privileged to live.
in which we are privileged to live.
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4130
剛好就是我們幸福
生活的這個特殊時刻。
生活的這個特殊時刻。
15:02
We, as global citizens,
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1152
我們，身為全球公民，
15:03
now have a unique opportunity
to accelerate large-scale positive change
to accelerate large-scale positive change
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891220
4587
現在有一個難得的機會
可以大規模地加速帶領
全世界變得更好。
全世界變得更好。
15:07
around the world.
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895831
1237
15:09
So in the months and years ahead,
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897554
2159
因此，在往後的歲月裡，
15:11
global citizens will hold
world leaders accountable
world leaders accountable
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3044
全球公民將協助
世界領導人扛起責任，
世界領導人扛起責任，
15:14
to ensure that the new Global Goals
for Sustainable Development
for Sustainable Development
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確保新的全球永續發展目標
15:17
are tracked and implemented.
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能確實追蹤和實施。
15:20
Global citizens will partner
with the world's leading NGOs
with the world's leading NGOs
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2878
全球公民將與非政府組織聯手，
15:22
to end diseases like polio and malaria.
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2832
一起終結小兒麻痺和瘧疾等疾病。
15:26
Global citizens will sign up
in every corner of this globe,
in every corner of this globe,
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全球公民將在世界各地登記參與，
15:29
increasing the frequency, quality
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增加他們活動的頻率、
品質與影響力。
15:32
and impact of their actions.
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15:34
These dreams are within reach.
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這些夢想觸手可及。
15:37
Imagine an army of millions
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想像一下百萬軍隊，
15:40
growing into tens of millions,
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2197
成長到千萬軍隊，
15:42
connected, informed, engaged
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3747
彼此連結、通知、參與，
15:46
and unwilling to take no for an answer.
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2182
而且不接受否定的答案。
15:50
Over all these years,
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這些年來，
15:53
I've tried to reconnect with Sonny Boy.
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我嘗試與桑尼男孩重新聯繫。
15:56
Sadly, I've been unable to.
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我很難過，但力不從心。
16:00
We met long before social media,
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2193
我們之前透過社群媒體聯絡，
16:03
and his address has now
been relocated by the authorities,
been relocated by the authorities,
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2764
他現在的住家
已經被官方重新安置，
已經被官方重新安置，
16:06
as often happens with slums.
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1863
這種事很常發生在貧民窟。
16:09
I'd love to sit down with him,
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1434
我很想再坐到他的身旁，
16:11
wherever he is,
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不論他現在在哪裡，
16:13
and share with him how much the time
I spent on Smoky Mountain inspired me.
I spent on Smoky Mountain inspired me.
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4078
我想和他分享我在冒煙山的那段日子，
激勵我多麼多。
激勵我多麼多。
16:18
Thanks to him and so many others,
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感謝他及其他幫助過我的人，
16:20
I came to understand the importance
of being part of a movement of people --
of being part of a movement of people --
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3671
讓我了解成為推動
人類轉變一分子的重要性──
人類轉變一分子的重要性──
他們是那些願意將目光從螢幕上移開、
望向世界的孩子們，
望向世界的孩子們，
16:24
the kids willing to look up
from their screens and out to the world,
from their screens and out to the world,
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3467
16:28
the global citizens.
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1468
就是世界公民。
16:31
Global citizens who stand together,
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2123
世界公民會站在一起，
16:33
who ask the question "Why?,"
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1802
問「為什麼？」
16:36
who reject the naysayers,
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1752
世界公民拒絕悲觀主義者，
16:38
and embrace the amazing possibilities
of the world we share.
of the world we share.
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並擁抱充滿美好未來
可能性的共同世界。
可能性的共同世界。
我是世界公民。
16:43
I'm a global citizen.
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16:45
Are you?
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1153
你呢？
16:46
Thank you.
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1182
謝謝各位！
16:48
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Hugh Evans - HumanitarianThrough the Global Citizen platform, humanitarian Hugh Evans has created an online community of millions of people -- all driven to eradicate extreme poverty by the year 2030.
Why you should listen
At 14, Hugh Evans spent the night in a Manila slum. The harsh realities of his hosts’ lives motivated Evans to challenge the status quo of extreme poverty. Following a trip to South Africa in 2002 as World Vision's inaugural Youth Ambassador, Evans worked on the Make Poverty History campaign and helped stage the Make Poverty History Concert, fronted by Pearl Jam and Bono.
In 2012, under the mantle of the Global Poverty Project (launched 2008), Evans co-founded Global Citizen, and with it, the Global Citizen Festival -- a free, ticketed event requiring fans to perform anti-poverty actions in exchange for entry, recruiting millions into the war against global poverty. In 2015 alone, Global Citizens took 2.3 million actions, helping to secure commitments from governments around the world that are set to affect more than 210 million lives.
Hugh Evans | Speaker | TED.com