TED Talks Live
Samantha Nutt: The real harm of the global arms trade
莎曼珊．納特: 全球軍火交易的實切遺害
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在世界上某些地方取得一支自動步槍比一瓶乾淨的飲用水還要簡單，難道萬般皆是命嗎？莎曼珊．納特－醫師和國際人道組織「War Child」的成立者探究全球軍火交易，以及提出一個大膽、大家都懂的解決方法來斷絕暴力的返覆。她言道：「戰禍是我們的－我們收購、兜售、波及還有引爆它，因此我們不該束手無策。」
Samantha Nutt - Doctor, writer and humanitarian
Samantha Nutt envisions a world where no child knows war. Full bio
Samantha Nutt envisions a world where no child knows war. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Thank you very much. Good evening.
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非常謝謝大家！晚上好！
00:14
Some of you may have noticed
that my last name is Nutt.
that my last name is Nutt.
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有些人也許已經留意到
我的姓氏是瘋子的意思
我的姓氏是瘋子的意思
00:18
And if you did,
you are forgiven for wondering
you are forgiven for wondering
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如果你有注意到了的話，
我不見怪你們納悶著：
我不見怪你們納悶著：
00:21
how a Nutt managed
to end up in a war zone.
to end up in a war zone.
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一個瘋子怎麼可能煞費苦心
淪落到戰爭區裡？
淪落到戰爭區裡？
00:24
I actually was offered, right out
of medical school, and accepted
of medical school, and accepted
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剛從醫學院畢業後真的有人提出、
而且我也接受了一份志工契約－
而且我也接受了一份志工契約－
00:28
a volunteer contract to work
with UNICEF in war-torn Somalia,
with UNICEF in war-torn Somalia,
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與「聯合國兒童基金會」／UNICEF
在受戰火摧殘的索馬利亞服務，
在受戰火摧殘的索馬利亞服務，
00:32
that was worth one dollar.
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合約價是 1 美元！
00:34
And, you see, I had to be paid this dollar
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在聯合國需要發佈撤離命令的事件下，
00:37
in the event that the UN needed
to issue an evacuation order,
to issue an evacuation order,
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人家必須付我這 1 美元，
00:40
so that I would be covered.
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如此一來我將會受到保障；
00:42
I was, after all, heading into one
of the world's most dangerous places.
of the world's most dangerous places.
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總之我前往了世界上最危險的地方。
00:47
And by now, some of you
may be asking yourselves,
may be asking yourselves,
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到現在你們有些人也許正自問自的，
00:50
and I just want to reassure you,
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而我正要來打消你們的疑慮：
00:52
that I did get half the money up front.
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我有預先拿到該金額的一半。
00:54
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:56
But you see, this is how,
with 50 cents in my pocket,
with 50 cents in my pocket,
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這就是我的皮包裡
是如何有著 50 美分，
是如何有著 50 美分，
00:59
I ended up in Baidoa, Somalia.
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不過你知道的我終究去到
了索馬利亞的拜多雅，
了索馬利亞的拜多雅，
01:02
Journalists called it the "city of death."
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記者們管它叫「死城」，
01:05
And they called it the city of death
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他們這樣叫是因為已經有
三十萬人在那邊喪命了；
三十萬人在那邊喪命了；
01:07
because 300,000 people
had lost their lives there --
had lost their lives there --
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01:10
300,000 people,
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「三十萬人」－
01:14
mostly as a result
of war-related famine and disease.
of war-related famine and disease.
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大多是戰禍牽扯出的飢荒和疾病所導致！
01:19
I was part of a team that was tasked
with trying to figure out
with trying to figure out
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我加入的團隊被託付任務－
試圖找出妥善之計來應對這個人禍，
01:23
how best to respond
to this humanitarian catastrophe.
to this humanitarian catastrophe.
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01:26
It was right on the heels
of the Rwandan genocide,
of the Rwandan genocide,
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它接踵於盧安達大屠殺之後；
01:29
and aid money to the region was drying up.
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對這個地區的援助資金即將用罄，
01:32
Many aid organizations, unfortunately,
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許多援助機構不幸早已關門收攤。
01:34
had been forced to close their doors.
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01:36
And so the question that I was asked
to specifically help answer,
to specifically help answer,
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所以人家特別請教我幫忙解答的問題－
01:40
which is one that aid workers ask
themselves in war zones the world over,
themselves in war zones the world over,
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全世界戰爭區的援助工作人員
問自己的一個問題：
問自己的一個問題：
01:47
is: What the hell do we do now?
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「我們現在做的是什麼狗屁事啊？」
01:50
You know, the security environment
in Somalia at that moment in time --
in Somalia at that moment in time --
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索馬利亞的治安環境在那個時刻
01:53
and nothing has really changed too much --
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－現在也沒多大的改變－
01:55
can best be described as "Mad Max"
by way of "A Clockwork Orange."
by way of "A Clockwork Orange."
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可以形容成發條橘子式的瘋狂麥斯。
02:01
And I remember very distinctly
a couple of days after my arrival,
a couple of days after my arrival,
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我非常鮮明地記得在我抵達的數天後，
02:06
I went up to a feeding clinic.
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我遠赴一處兒童哺育診間，
02:09
There were dozens of women
who were standing in line,
who were standing in line,
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那裡有著數十位婦女正排著隊，
02:12
and they were clutching
their infants very close.
their infants very close.
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她們緊密摟著自己的幼嬰。
02:16
About 20 minutes into
this conversation I was having
this conversation I was having
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我和一位年輕婦女有著
大概 20 分鐘的對話，
大概 20 分鐘的對話，
02:19
with this one young woman,
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02:21
I leaned forward
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我向前湊身過去、
02:23
and tried to put my finger
in the palm of her baby's hand.
in the palm of her baby's hand.
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試著把手指放在她小寶貝的掌心中，
02:28
And when I did this,
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當我這樣做的時候
02:29
I discovered that her baby
was already in rigor.
was already in rigor.
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察覺了她的小寶貝早已僵硬，
02:34
She was stiff,
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她是僵直的了、
02:36
and her little, lifeless hand
was curled into itself.
was curled into itself.
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沒了生命的小手捲縮起來，
02:40
She had died hours before
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她幾個小時前已經死去－
02:44
of malnutrition and dehydration.
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營養不足與脫水。
02:48
I later learned
that as her baby was dying,
that as her baby was dying,
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我後來得知當她的小寶貝
快要死掉的時候
快要死掉的時候
02:51
this young woman had
been held for two days
been held for two days
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她已經被人挾持兩天了－
02:55
by some teenage boys who were armed
with Kalashnikov rifles,
with Kalashnikov rifles,
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一些十來歲配有 AK-47 的男孩們，
03:00
and they were trying
to shake her down for more money,
to shake her down for more money,
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他們企圖壓榨她更多錢－
03:02
money she very clearly did not have.
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這錢她很明顯所沒有的。
03:05
And this is a scene that I have confronted
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這是我在世界各地的戰爭區中
03:09
in war zones the world over;
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所面臨過一個的場景，
03:12
places where kids, some as young
as eight -- they are this big --
as eight -- they are this big --
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地方上的孩子們有些才八歲般大小
－他們是這般高大吧；
－他們是這般高大吧；
03:18
and those kids, they have
never been to school.
never been to school.
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而那些小孩從未上過學，
03:21
But they have fought and they have killed
with automatic rifles.
with automatic rifles.
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但是他們已經用自動步槍
打過仗、殺過人了！
打過仗、殺過人了！
03:28
Is this just the way the world is?
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難道萬般皆是命嗎？
03:32
Some will you tell you
that war is unavoidably human.
that war is unavoidably human.
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有些人會跟你們說戰爭是避無可避者，
03:37
After all, it is as old
as existence itself.
as existence itself.
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畢竟它就跟世界的存在一樣長久；
03:41
We say never again, and yet it happens
again and again and again.
again and again and again.
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我們說絕對不要再來一次，
它卻接連地一次又一次的上演。
它卻接連地一次又一次的上演。
03:49
But I will tell you
that I have seen the absolute worst
that I have seen the absolute worst
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我將會告訴你我已經見識過
全然最惡劣的事情－
全然最惡劣的事情－
03:55
of what we as human beings
are capable of doing to one another,
are capable of doing to one another,
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我們這些人類有本事
對其他人做出來的事；
對其他人做出來的事；
04:00
and yet I still believe
a different outcome is possible.
a different outcome is possible.
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不過我始終深信不一樣的結果是有望的，
04:05
Do you want to know why?
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你們想知道為什麼嗎？
04:07
Because over 20 years of doing this work,
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因為做這工作
04:09
going in and out of war zones
around the world,
around the world,
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進出世界各地戰爭區長達二十年來，
04:12
I have come to understand
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我已經明白
04:14
that there are aspects of this problem
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這個難題的有些方面，
04:16
that we, all of us, as people
occupying this shared space,
occupying this shared space,
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我們全體－佔有這個共享空間的人們－
04:21
that we can change --
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能夠改變！
04:23
not through force or coercion or invasion,
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並非透過武力、逼迫或是侵略，
04:27
but by simply looking at all
of the options available to us
of the options available to us
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而是透過不外乎去看對我們來說
摸得著的所有選項，
摸得著的所有選項，
04:31
and choosing the ones that favor
peace at the expense of war,
peace at the expense of war,
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擇取其選項有利於以失去戰爭
為代價的和平，
為代價的和平，
04:37
instead of war at the expense of peace.
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頂替失去和平做代價的戰爭。
04:43
How so?
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該如何做呢？
04:44
Well, I want you to consider this:
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我要你斟酌一件事：
04:46
there are at least 800 million
small arms and light weapons
small arms and light weapons
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至少有著八億件的小型槍械、輕型武器
04:51
in circulation in the world today.
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今天在世界上週繞流通！
04:54
The vast majority of civilians,
like that young baby,
like that young baby,
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龐大主體的老百姓－就像那個小嬰兒－
04:58
who are dying in war zones
around the world,
around the world,
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在世界各地的戰爭區持續死去；
05:00
are dying at the hands
of various armed groups
of various armed groups
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死於眾多武裝團體的手上，
05:03
who rely on a near-infinite supply
of cheap, easy and efficient weapons
of cheap, easy and efficient weapons
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這些人憑藉近乎無限量供應之便宜、
容易和省事的武器，
容易和省事的武器，
05:10
to rape, threaten, intimidate
and brutalize those civilians
and brutalize those civilians
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每回以之強暴、威脅、
恐嚇和殘害那些老百姓。
恐嚇和殘害那些老百姓。
05:14
at every turn.
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05:16
How cheap?
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多便宜呢？
05:18
Well, in some parts of the world,
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在世界上的某些地方
05:19
you can buy an AK-47
for as little as 10 dollars.
for as little as 10 dollars.
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你能夠用與 10 美元一樣的小錢
買到一把 AK-47；
買到一把 AK-47；
05:24
In many places in which I have worked,
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在很多我曾經工作過的地方，
05:27
it is easier to get access
to an automatic rifle
to an automatic rifle
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取得一把自動步槍
05:32
than it is to get access
to clean drinking water.
to clean drinking water.
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還比取得乾淨的飲用水容易！
05:37
And so now the important part:
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現在重點是－
05:39
Can anything be done about this?
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我們能為這個做好什麼事嗎？
05:43
To answer that question,
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為了回答該問題
05:45
let's take a look
at this map of the world.
at this map of the world.
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讓我們看一眼這張世界地圖吧！
05:48
And now, let's add in all of the countries
that are currently at war,
that are currently at war,
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讓我們加總目前在戰禍中的國家，
05:53
and the number of people
who have either died
who have either died
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以及因為暴力
造成的死亡與流離失所之人數，
05:55
or have been displaced
as a result of that violence.
as a result of that violence.
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05:58
It is a staggering number --
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這是個叫人傻眼的數字：
05:59
more than 40 million people.
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超過四千萬人！
06:02
But you will also notice
something else about this map.
something else about this map.
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不過關於這張地圖
你也會發現到另外的一些東西，
你也會發現到另外的一些東西，
你會發現那些國家大部份是在南半球。
06:05
You will notice
that most of those countries
that most of those countries
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06:07
are in the Global South.
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06:09
Now, let's look at the countries
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現在我們來看看
06:11
that are the world's top 20 exporters
of small arms in the world.
of small arms in the world.
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世界前二十大的小型槍械出口國，
06:17
And what do we notice?
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我們會發現什麼呢？
06:19
Well, you see them in green.
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你看到上了綠色的這些國家，
06:20
You will notice that those are mostly
countries in the Global North,
countries in the Global North,
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你會注意到那些絕大多數
是北半球的國家，
是北半球的國家，
06:24
primarily Western countries.
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以西方國家為主。
06:26
What does this tell us?
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這告知我們什麼事情？
06:27
This tells us that most of the people
who are dying in war
who are dying in war
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這告訴我們大多數在戰禍中
接連死去的民眾
接連死去的民眾
06:31
are living in poor countries,
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住在貧窮的國家；
06:33
and yet most of the people
who are profiting from war
who are profiting from war
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況且大多數從戰爭中不斷發財的人
06:36
are living in rich countries --
people like you and me.
people like you and me.
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住在富庶的國家－就好比你、我般的人。
06:41
And then what if we go
beyond small arms for a second.
beyond small arms for a second.
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要是我們片刻往更甚於小型槍械來談呢？
06:44
What if we look at all weapons
in circulation in the world?
in circulation in the world?
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要是我們著眼世界上所有流通的武器呢？
06:47
Who does the biggest business?
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誰做最大宗的生意呢？
06:49
Well, roughly 80 percent of those weapons
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約蓋 80% 的武器
06:52
come from none other
than the five permanent members
than the five permanent members
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不外乎出自聯合國安理會的
五個常任理事國
五個常任理事國
06:55
of the United Nations Security Council,
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06:57
plus Germany.
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再加上德國，
06:59
It's shocking, isn't it?
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很震撼沒錯吧！
07:01
Now, some of you might be saying
at this moment in time,
at this moment in time,
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你們有的人此刻也許馬上要說：
「是喔！好！在這邊打住一下，蠢蛋！」
07:04
"Oh yeah, but OK,
hang on a second there ... Nutt."
hang on a second there ... Nutt."
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07:07
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
07:10
Grade school was spectacular for me.
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小學對我來說是動人深刻的，
07:12
It was, really, a wonderful experience.
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那真是個精采的歷程。
07:14
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
07:17
But you might be saying to yourselves,
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不過你也許會跟自己說－
07:19
You know, all of these weapons
in war zones -- they're not a cause,
in war zones -- they're not a cause,
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所有在戰爭區的這些武器
它們並不是起因，
它們並不是起因，
07:22
but an effect of the violence
that plagues them
that plagues them
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而是暴力的效應日復一日折磨每個人。
07:25
each and every single day.
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07:26
You know, places like Iraq
and Afghanistan,
and Afghanistan,
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就像伊拉克、阿富汗等地方，
07:28
where they need these weapons
to be able to maintain law and order,
to be able to maintain law and order,
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在那裡它們需要這些武器
得以能夠維護法律和秩序、
得以能夠維護法律和秩序、
07:32
promote peace and security,
to combat terror groups --
to combat terror groups --
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增進和平與安全、打擊恐怖團體；
07:35
surely this is a good thing.
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毫無疑問這是好事情！
07:38
Let's take a look at that assumption
for just one moment,
for just one moment,
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讓我們稍微來看看該說帖，
07:41
because you see there has been
a boom in the small-arms trade
a boom in the small-arms trade
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因為自從反恐戰爭展開以來，
07:45
since the start of the War on Terror.
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一路來有著小型軍火交易的盛況；
07:47
In fact, it is a business
that has grown threefold
that has grown threefold
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事實上那是個過去 15 年來
07:50
over the past 15 years.
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已經成長了三倍的生意。
07:52
And now let's compare that
to the number of people
to the number of people
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現在讓我們來比對這個數字
與同時期全世界直接喪命於
武裝衝突的人數，
武裝衝突的人數，
07:56
who have directly died
in armed conflict around the world
in armed conflict around the world
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08:00
in that same period.
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08:01
What do you notice?
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你發現什麼了呢？
08:03
Well, you notice that, in fact,
that also goes up
that also goes up
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你會注意到事實上該人數
也上升約略三到四倍左右
也上升約略三到四倍左右
08:05
roughly three- to fourfold.
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08:07
They basically go up
and end at the same point.
and end at the same point.
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它們兩者基本上
在相同的時點上升與休止。
在相同的時點上升與休止。
08:11
Now, we can have a circular argument here
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現在這裡可以有個
剪不斷理還亂的爭論，
剪不斷理還亂的爭論，
08:14
about whether this increase
in fatalities is a response
in fatalities is a response
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關於到底傷亡的增加
是小型槍械變多的責任？
08:18
to the increase of small arms,
or the other way around.
or the other way around.
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或是此其外的其他手段？
08:22
But here's what we should
really take away from this.
really take away from this.
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不過我們真的應該跳脫出這裡，
08:24
What we should take away from this
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我們應該跳脫－
08:26
is that this is a relationship
worth scrutinizing,
worth scrutinizing,
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這是個值得細究的關聯。
08:31
especially when you consider
that small arms that were shipped to Iraq
that small arms that were shipped to Iraq
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尤其當你考量到小型槍械
被載運到伊拉克為其軍隊所用，
被載運到伊拉克為其軍隊所用，
08:36
for use by the Iraqi Army,
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08:38
or to Syria for so-called
moderate opposition fighters,
moderate opposition fighters,
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或是送到敘利亞給俗稱的
「溫和反對派戰士」，
「溫和反對派戰士」，
08:41
that those arms, many of them,
are now in the hands of ISIS;
are now in the hands of ISIS;
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那些槍械現今多數落入
伊斯蘭共和國 / ISIS 的手中；
伊斯蘭共和國 / ISIS 的手中；
08:46
or when you consider that arms
that were shipped to Libya
that were shipped to Libya
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或是當你考量槍械被載運到利比亞，
08:48
are now actively drifting
across the Sahel,
across the Sahel,
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現正熱絡地外散開貫穿「薩赫爾地帶」，
08:51
and ending up with groups
like Boko Haram and al Qaeda
like Boko Haram and al Qaeda
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最後到了像是博科聖地、蓋達組織
08:56
and other militant groups.
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以及其他武裝團體的手上。
08:59
And therein lies the problem.
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在這裡就存在著問題！
09:02
Because, you see,
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你也知道－
09:03
small arms anywhere
are a menace everywhere,
are a menace everywhere,
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小型槍械在任何地方都是一種全面危害，
09:09
because their first stop
is rarely their last.
is rarely their last.
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因為它們的第一個停靠站
很少是它們的最終歸處。
很少是它們的最終歸處。
09:14
Spending on war per person per year
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對戰爭的開銷以每人年計來說
09:17
now amounts to about 249 dollars --
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金額到了大概 249 美元：
09:21
249 dollars per person,
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「每人花 249 美元」
09:23
which is roughly 12 times
what we spend on foreign aid,
what we spend on foreign aid,
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大概是我們花在國際援助的 12 倍，
09:28
money that is used to educate
and vaccinate children
and vaccinate children
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錢花在南半球小孩們的教育、疫苗接種
09:32
and combat malnutrition
in the Global South.
in the Global South.
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以及制衡營養不良。
09:35
But we can shift that balance.
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但是我們可以左右該差額，
09:39
How do we do this?
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我們該怎麼來做呢？
09:40
Well, it is essentially a problem
of both supply and demand,
of both supply and demand,
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這基本上是個供給與需求面
都包含在內的問題，
都包含在內的問題，
09:43
so we can tackle it from both sides.
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因此我們可以一併從雙方面下手處理！
09:45
On the supply side,
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在供給方面
09:47
we can push our governments
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我們可以推動我們的政府
09:50
to adopt international arms
transparency mechanisms
transparency mechanisms
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接受好比「武器貿易條約」的
國際軍火買賣透明機制，
國際軍火買賣透明機制，
09:53
like the Arms Trade Treaty,
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09:55
which makes it so that rich countries
have to be more accountable
have to be more accountable
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該機制使得富庶的國家對於
它們的武器即將銷售到哪裡去、
它們的武器即將銷售到哪裡去、
09:59
for where their arms are going
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10:01
and what their arms might be used for.
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可能做什麼用途是更有責任的。
10:03
Here in the United States,
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在美國這裡
10:04
the largest arms-exporting country
in the world by far,
in the world by far,
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－至今世界上數量最大的武器出口國－
10:09
President Obama has rightly signed
the Arms Trade Treaty,
the Arms Trade Treaty,
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歐巴馬總統已經實實在在地
簽署好「武器貿易條約」，
簽署好「武器貿易條約」，
10:13
but none of it takes effect,
it isn't binding,
it isn't binding,
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但是壓根未生效－
直到被國會核可、批准前
是沒有法律約束力的，
是沒有法律約束力的，
10:16
until it is approved
and ratified by the Senate.
and ratified by the Senate.
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10:20
This is where we need
to make our voices heard.
to make our voices heard.
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我們需要讓我們的聲音在這裡被聽見！
10:23
You know, the curbing of small arms --
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整治小型槍械
10:27
it's not going to solve
the problem of war.
the problem of war.
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不會就此來解決戰禍的問題、
10:30
Increased control mechanisms
won't solve that problem.
won't solve that problem.
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增補的控管機制不會解決該問題，
10:33
But it's an important step
in the right direction.
in the right direction.
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但是它是正確的方向上重要的一步，
10:36
And it's up to all of us
who live in those rich countries
who live in those rich countries
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這端賴於住在富庶國家的我們
10:39
to make change here.
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在這裡做改變！
10:41
What about on the demand side?
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需求面又如何呢？
10:45
You know, there are generations
around the world
around the world
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世界上各地數世代的人們
被葬送在戰爭裡，
被葬送在戰爭裡，
10:48
who are being lost to war.
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10:51
It is possible to disrupt
that cycle of violence
that cycle of violence
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要打破暴力的周來複始是可行的，
10:54
with investments in education,
in strengthening the rule of law
in strengthening the rule of law
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在教育、法律的落實、
以及經濟發展上有所投資－
以及經濟發展上有所投資－
10:58
and in economic development,
especially for women.
especially for women.
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特別是挹注給婦女們！
11:00
I have personally seen
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我已經親身在世界各地見識過
11:02
just how incredibly powerful
those kinds of efforts can be
those kinds of efforts can be
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那些付出是有多麼神奇地力遠弗屆。
11:05
around the world.
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11:07
But here's the thing:
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不過關鍵在這－
11:08
they take time,
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它們得花時間，
11:10
which means for you as individuals,
if you want to give,
if you want to give,
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這代表假使身為獨立個體的你
想要捐贈的話，
想要捐贈的話，
11:14
please, by all means do it.
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請悉隨尊便；
11:16
But know that how you give
is just as important
is just as important
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不過搞清楚該如何捐贈
11:19
as how much you give.
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就跟要捐贈多少東西同等重要，
11:22
Regular contributions
like monthly contributions
like monthly contributions
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像是月制捐款的定期捐款
11:24
are a far more effective way of giving,
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是更為實用的捐贈方式。
11:27
because they allow
humanitarian organizations
humanitarian organizations
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因為它們讓人道組織得以完善規劃、
11:30
to properly plan and be invested
over the long term,
over the long term,
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用在長期的資助，
11:35
and to be present in the lives of families
who have been affected by war,
who have been affected by war,
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以及呈現在已經被戰爭
所影響之家庭的生活所需－
所影響之家庭的生活所需－
11:40
wars that many of us, frankly,
all too quickly forget.
all too quickly forget.
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老實說我們許多人
都太快遺忘的諸場戰爭。
都太快遺忘的諸場戰爭。
11:45
When I first got on that plane
for Somalia as a young doctor,
for Somalia as a young doctor,
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年輕醫師的我首次坐上
開往索馬利亞的班機，
開往索馬利亞的班機，
11:52
I had no idea what it meant
to live with war.
to live with war.
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我對與戰禍共存沒什麼概念；
11:57
But I can tell you that I know
what it means now.
what it means now.
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不過我可以告訴你現在我懂了，
12:00
And I know what it means
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我知道這個滋味－
12:03
to lie in bed in the pitch-black night
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漆黑的夜躺在床上，
12:08
and listen to that haunting
"pop-pop-pop-pop-pop!"
"pop-pop-pop-pop-pop!"
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聽著自動步槍開火
12:13
of automatic gunfire,
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揮之不卻的「砰..砰..砰..」聲，
12:16
and wonder with absolute dread
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以及無比渴望的臆想
12:19
how many minutes I have left
until it will be right on top of me.
until it will be right on top of me.
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直到子彈打中我的頭頂前
我還剩多少時間。
我還剩多少時間。
12:23
I can tell you that it is a terrifying
and agonizing fear,
and agonizing fear,
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我能跟你說那是個很恐怖
又折騰人的恐懼，
又折騰人的恐懼，
12:28
one that millions of people
around the world are forced to confront
around the world are forced to confront
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世界上數百萬人
無日無刻不得不面對的一種恐懼－
12:32
each and every single day,
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12:35
especially children.
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尤其是孩童們！
12:37
Over the years of doing this work,
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做這樣的工作長年下來，
12:40
unfortunately, war has killed
far too many people close to me.
far too many people close to me.
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很不幸地戰禍已經奪走我週遭
太多、太多人的性命了，
太多、太多人的性命了，
12:46
And on at least a couple of occasions,
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而且至少有好幾回的機緣
12:49
war has very nearly killed me as well.
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戰禍也非常近乎要了我的命。
12:53
But I firmly believe,
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不過我堅信著：
12:58
which is why I get up and do
what I do every single day,
what I do every single day,
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在這裡我們能夠做不同的選擇！
13:01
that we can make different choices here.
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這是我每一天下床工作的道理。
13:05
Because you see, war is ours,
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因為大家都知道戰禍是
我們身為人類所共有的，
我們身為人類所共有的，
13:08
as human beings.
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13:09
We buy it, sell it, spread it and wage it.
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我們收購、兜售、波及還有引爆它！
13:13
We are therefore
not powerless to solve it.
not powerless to solve it.
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因此我們不該束手無策，
13:18
On the contrary,
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相反地我們是唯一能彌平戰禍之人！
13:20
we are the only ones who can.
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13:23
Thank you very much, and I want
to wish you the greatest success.
to wish you the greatest success.
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非常謝謝大家！
我想祝你們無比成功！
我想祝你們無比成功！
13:26
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Samantha Nutt - Doctor, writer and humanitarianSamantha Nutt envisions a world where no child knows war.
Why you should listen
Samantha Nutt is a leading authority on the civilian impact of war and a bestselling author. A medical doctor and the founder of the international humanitarian organizations War Child USA and War Child Canada, Dr. Nutt has worked with children and their families at the frontline of many of the world's major crises -- from Iraq to Afghanistan, Somalia to the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sierra Leone to Darfur, Sudan. With a career that has spanned more than two decades and dozens of conflict zones, her international work has benefited millions of war-affected children globally.
Dr. Nutt writes and speaks about war, international aid and foreign policy. Her work has been published by a variety of print and online media, including the Globe and Mail, Huffington Post, Reuters, Maclean's Magazine and many others. She regularly appears on news shows discussing foreign affairs and is a panelist on CBC's flagship news program, The National. Dr. Nutt's critically-acclaimed book, Damned Nations: Greed, Guns, Armies and Aid, was a bestseller.
Dr. Nutt is a recipient of the Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian honour, and has been recognized as a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum. She is a staff physician at Women's College Hospital in Toronto and an assistant professor of Medicine at the University of Toronto. She holds a degree in medicine from McMaster University and post graduate degrees from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London) and the University of Toronto. Dr. Nutt is also a member of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, as well as the Canadian College of Family Practice.
Samantha Nutt | Speaker | TED.com