ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Danny Dorling - Social geographer
Danny Dorling teaches and writes about the geography of our human world.

Why you should listen

Danny Dorling has invented new map projections and new ways of measuring and describing inequality -- and analyzed thousands of datasets about people and the planet. He is the Halford Mackinder Professor of Geography at the University of Oxford, UK. His work concerns issues of housing, health, employment, education, wealth and poverty.

In the press, Dorling has been described as "that rare university professor: expert, politically engaged and able to explain simply why his subject matters," and as one who has made it "his life's work to dig through the layers that make up Britain's human landscape, and then map it in ways nobody else had thought to do." Working with many others, he has done the same for all the countries of the world "giving a strikingly different perspective from the Mercator projection most commonly used." All this mapping lead him to worry more about inequality.

His recent books include co-authored texts The Atlas of the Real World: Mapping the Way We LiveBankrupt Britain: An atlas of social change, and People and Places a 21st-century Atlas of the UK. Recent sole-authored books include So You Think You Know about Britain and Fair Play, both in 2011; in 2012 The No-nonsense Guide to Equality, The Visualization of Spatial Social Structure and The Population of the UK; Unequal Health: The Scandal of Our Times, The 32 Stops and Population Ten Billion in 2013; All That Is Solid in 2014; Injustice: Why social inequalities persist in 2015; and A Better Politics: How Government Can Make Us Happier in 2016.

More profile about the speaker
Danny Dorling | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxExeter

Danny Dorling: Maps that show us who we are (not just where we are)

丹尼·道靈: 數據繪製的世界地圖(不僅只是告訴我們身在何處)

Filmed:
1,626,871 views

如果使用數據來繪製地圖,那世界地圖會長怎樣呢?社會地理學家丹尼·道靈 (Danny Dorling)邀請我們重新認識這個世界,他那迷人且富有洞察力的地圖,向我們展示了世界的真實面貌。一個我們所屬、相互連結、不停變化、令人著迷的世界。讓你以全新的角度來審視地圖。
- Social geographer
Danny Dorling teaches and writes about the geography of our human world. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
I'd like you to imagine想像 the world世界 anew重新.
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我想帶各位重新認識這世界。
00:17
I'd like to show顯示 you some maps地圖,
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我會展示一些地圖,
00:20
which哪一個 have been drawn by Ben Hennig亨尼格,
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由班‧亨尼繪製,
00:22
of the planet行星 in a way
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是以前所未見的一種方式
00:24
that most of you will never
have seen看到 the planet行星 depicted描繪 before.
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所描繪的地球。
00:30
Here's這裡的 an image圖片
that you're very familiar with.
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這張圖片,各位應當非常熟悉。
00:34
I'm old enough足夠 that I was actually其實 born天生
before we saw this image圖片.
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早在世人看到這張照片之前,
我就已經出生了。
00:38
Apparently顯然地 some of my first words
were "moonamoona, moonamoona,"
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顯然,我剛出生學會的其中一句話
就是「月兒,月兒」,
00:41
but I think that's my mom媽媽
having a particular特定 fantasy幻想
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但我想,那是我母親認為
她的寶貝小男孩可以
在閃爍的黑白電視螢幕上,
00:44
about what her baby寶寶 boy男孩 could see
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00:46
on the flickering閃爍
black黑色 and white白色 TV電視 screen屏幕.
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看出什麼端倪來。
00:51
It's only been a few少數 centuries百年
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直到幾個世紀前,
00:53
since以來 we've我們已經 actually其實, most of us,
thought of our planet行星 as spherical球形.
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我們才開始認識到
地球是球體狀的。
00:58
When we first saw
these images圖片 in the 1960s,
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1960年代,當我們
第一次看到這些照片時,
01:01
the world世界 was changing改變
at an incredible難以置信 rate.
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世界正以驚人的速度在改變。
01:06
In my own擁有 little discipline學科
of human人的 geography地理,
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在我小小的人文地理專業領域中,
01:10
a cartographer製圖 called Waldo沃爾多 Tobler托布勒
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有一位名叫
沃爾多‧托布勒的製圖師,
01:13
was drawing畫畫 new maps地圖 of the planet行星,
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當時正在繪製地球的新地圖,
01:15
and these maps地圖 have now spread傳播,
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而這些地圖現在已傳開來了,
01:17
and I'm going to show顯示 you one of them now.
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我會展示其中一張圖片給各位看。
01:20
This map地圖 is a map地圖 of the world世界,
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這是一張世界地圖,
01:23
but it's a map地圖 which哪一個 looks容貌 to you
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但是,對你們而言,
01:26
a little bit strange奇怪.
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它看上去有一點點奇怪。
01:28
It's a map地圖 in which哪一個 we stretched拉伸 places地方,
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因為我們在地圖上的不同地區,
各自進行了縮放:
01:32
so that those areas which哪一個 contain包含
many許多 people are drawn larger,
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人口較多的地區,
面積會放得比較大;
01:36
and those areas,
like the Sahara撒哈拉 and the Himalayas喜馬拉雅山,
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而像撒哈拉沙漠和喜馬拉雅山脈
這些人煙稀少的地方,
01:39
in which哪一個 there are few少數 people,
have been shrunk壓縮 away.
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則面積會縮得比較小。
01:42
Everybody每個人 on the planet行星
is given特定 an equal等於 amount of space空間.
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地球上的每個人
都被賦予等量的空間。
01:47
The cities城市 are shown顯示 shining閃亮的 bright.
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圖上光點標示的是城市。
01:50
The lines are showing展示 you
submarine潛艇 cables電纜 and trade貿易 routes路線.
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線條代表海底電纜以及貿易航線。
01:54
And there's one particular特定 line
that goes from the Chinese中文 port港口 of Dalian大連
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其中有一條特別的路線,
從中國大連港出發
01:57
through通過 past過去 Singapore新加坡,
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經過新加坡,
01:59
through通過 the Suez蘇伊士 Canal運河,
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穿過蘇伊士運河,
行經地中海,
最終繞到了荷蘭的鹿特丹港。
02:01
through通過 the Mediterranean地中海
and round回合 to Rotterdam鹿特丹.
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02:03
And it's showing展示 you the route路線
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它所展示的是一年前
02:05
of what was the world's世界
largest最大 ship just a year ago,
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世界上最大的船運路線圖,
02:09
a ship which哪一個 was taking服用
so many許多 containers集裝箱 of goods產品
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這艘船滿載著無數的貨物,
02:15
that when they were unloaded卸載,
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當它進行卸貨時,
02:17
if the lorries貨車 had all gone走了 in convoy護航,
they would have been 100 kilometers公里 long.
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所有載運貨的卡車連接起來,
綿延不絕長達100公里。
02:22
This is how our world世界 is now connected連接的.
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這是當今世界的連結方式。
02:25
This is the quantity數量 of stuff東東
we are now moving移動 around the world世界,
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這是在世界各地流通的貨物數量,
02:31
just on one ship, on one voyage航程,
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只需要一艘船、一次航行,
五個禮拜的時間就可以完成。
02:34
in five weeks.
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02:38
We've我們已經 lived生活 in cities城市
for a very long time,
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我們已生活在城市中
有很長的一段時間了,
02:41
but most of us didn't live生活 in cities城市.
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但古時候大多數的人,
並沒有生活在城市中。
02:43
This is Çatalhatalhöyük,
one of the world's世界 first cities城市.
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這是恰塔霍裕克(Çatalhöyük),
世界上最早的城市之一。
02:47
At its peak 9,000 years年份 ago,
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9,000年前,
在這個城市的鼎盛時期,
02:51
people had to walk步行 over the roofs屋頂
of others'其他' houses房屋 to get to their home.
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人們需要踩過別人家的屋頂
才能回到自己的家中。
02:58
If you look carefully小心
at the map地圖 of the city,
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如果你仔細觀察這座城市的地圖,
03:01
you'll你會 see it has no streets街道,
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你會發現它並沒有街道,
03:04
because streets街道 are something we invented發明.
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因為街道是後人發明的。
03:07
The world世界 changes變化.
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世界不斷地改變,
03:10
It changes變化 by trial審訊 and error錯誤.
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透過不斷地嘗試錯誤、
修正而改變。
03:13
We work out slowly慢慢地 and gradually逐漸
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我們緩慢而漸進地摸索
03:16
how to live生活 in better ways方法.
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如何才能生活得更好。
03:19
And the world世界 has changed
incredibly令人難以置信 quickly很快 most recently最近.
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但近期以來,
世界卻以飛速在轉變。
03:25
It's only within the last six,
seven, or eight generations
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直到約六、七或八個世代前,
03:29
that we have actually其實 realized實現
that we are a species種類.
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我們才真正意識到我們是一個物種。
03:33
It's only within the last few少數 decades幾十年
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直到幾十年以前,
03:37
that a map地圖 like this could be drawn.
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我們才得以繪製像這樣的地圖。
03:42
Again, the underlying底層 map地圖
is the map地圖 of world世界 population人口,
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是的,這張地圖本質上
是一張世界人口地圖。
03:47
but over it, you're seeing眼看 arrows箭頭
showing展示 how we spread傳播 out of Africa非洲
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在圖上,箭頭方向標示了人類
從非洲遷徙到全球的路徑,
03:53
with dates日期 showing展示 you
where we think we arrived到達
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還有我們抵達各處的
特定時間。
03:57
at particular特定 times.
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03:59
I have to redraw重繪 this map地圖
every一切 few少數 months個月,
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每隔幾月我都需要
重新繪製這張地圖,
04:03
because somebody makes品牌 a discovery發現
that a particular特定 date日期 was wrong錯誤.
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因為有些人可能會發現
地圖上某個特定日期有誤。
04:08
We are learning學習 about ourselves我們自己
at an incredible難以置信 speed速度.
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我們以不可思議的速度
不斷地了解我們自己。
04:15
And we're changing改變.
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而我們也不斷地改變。
04:18
A lot of change更改 is gradual.
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很多改變是循序漸進的,
04:20
It's accretion吸積.
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它會慢慢累積。
04:22
We don't notice注意 the change更改
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我們難以察覺到這些改變,
04:25
because we only have short lives生活,
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因為我們的壽命十分短暫,
04:27
70, 80, if you're lucky幸運 90 years年份.
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只有70、80年,
長的也不過90年。
04:30
This graph圖形 is showing展示 you
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這幅圖展示了
04:32
the annual全年 rate of population人口
growth發展 in the world世界.
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世界上的人口年增長率。
04:36
It was very low until直到 around about 1850,
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在西元1850年前,增長率相當低,
04:40
and then the rate of population人口 growth發展
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自那之後人口增長率
04:42
began開始 to rise上升
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便開始上升,
04:44
so that around the time I was born天生,
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到我出生的時候,
04:46
when we first saw those images圖片
from the moon月亮 of our planet行星,
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當時正是人類第一次看到
從月球傳來的地球圖像,
04:52
our global全球 population人口
was growing生長 at two percent百分 a year.
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全球人口開始以每年
2%的增長率快速攀升。
04:57
If it had carried攜帶的 on growing生長
at two percent百分 a year
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如果人口保持2%的年增長率,
05:02
for just another另一個 couple一對 of centuries百年,
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不出幾個世紀的時間,
05:06
the entire整個 planet行星 would be covered覆蓋
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整個地球
05:08
with a seething沸騰 mass of human人的 bodies身體
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就將會人滿為患,
05:11
all touching接觸 each other.
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擁擠不堪。
05:15
And people were scared害怕.
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到時人們會開始擔心,
05:16
They were scared害怕 of population人口 growth發展
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擔心人口增長,
05:18
and what they called
"the population人口 bomb炸彈" in 1968.
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擔心1968年所說的「人口爆炸」
現象會來臨。
05:22
But then, if you look
at the end結束 of the graph圖形,
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不過,如果你有觀察到圖表的末端,
05:25
the growth發展 began開始 to slow.
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增長率已開始放緩
05:28
The decade --
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那些年代 ──
05:30
the '70s, the '80s,
the '90s, the noughties頭十年,
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70年代、80年代、90年代、00年代,
05:33
and in this decade, even faster更快 --
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以及我們現在這個時代,
下降幅度更快了──
05:36
our population人口 growth發展 is slowing減緩.
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人口增長正在減緩。
05:38
Our planet行星 is stabilizing穩定.
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我們的地球正趨於穩定
05:39
We are heading標題 towards nine,
10, or 11 billion十億 people
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在21世紀末,
我們的人口將達到90億、
100億或是110億
05:42
by the end結束 of the century世紀.
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05:44
Within that change更改, you can see tumult騷動.
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在人口增長的過程中,
你所看到的是混亂,
05:47
You can see the Second第二 World世界 War戰爭.
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你所看到的是第二次世界大戰,
05:49
You can see the pandemic流感大流行
in 1918 from influenza流感.
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你所看到的是1918年的大流感。
05:53
You can see the great Chinese中文 famine飢荒.
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還有中國的大饑荒。
05:56
These are the events事件
we tend趨向 to concentrate集中 on.
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這些都是我們關注的大事件。
05:58
We tend趨向 to concentrate集中
on the terrible可怕 events事件 in the news新聞.
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我們傾向於關注可怕、
駭人聽聞的新聞事件,
06:02
We don't tend趨向 to concentrate集中
on the gradual change更改
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而不是關注那些循序漸進的變化
06:06
and the good news新聞 stories故事.
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以及那些美好的新聞故事。
06:09
We worry擔心 about people.
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我們擔心人口,
06:11
We worry擔心 about how many許多 people there are.
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我們擔心到底有多少人。
06:13
We worry擔心 about how you can
get away from people.
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我們擔心要如何遠離人群。
06:17
But this is the map地圖 of the world世界
changed again to make area large,
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不過這又是一幅不同的世界地圖,
人與人之間離的距離越遠,
區域面積越大。
06:21
the further進一步 away
people are from each area.
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06:26
So if you want to know
where to go to get away from everybody每個人,
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所以如果你想了解
哪裏可以遠離人群,
06:30
here's這裡的 the best最好 places地方 to go.
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這些地方都還不錯。
06:32
And every一切 year, these areas get bigger,
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每一年,這些地區的面積
都在不斷地擴大,
06:35
because every一切 year,
we are coming未來 off the land土地 globally全球.
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因為全球性的、每年
人們不斷地離開這些地區。
06:38
We are moving移動 into the cities城市.
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不斷地往城市移動,
06:40
We are packing填料 in more densely密地.
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擠入人口密集且日益狹窄的城市。
06:42
There are wolves again in Europe歐洲,
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歐洲再次有了狼群,
06:44
and the wolves are moving移動 west西
across橫過 the continent大陸.
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如今狼群正越過
整個大陸向西遷移。
06:49
Our world世界 is changing改變.
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我們的世界正在改變。
06:52
You have worries.
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你會擔心。
06:55
This is a map地圖 showing展示
where the water falls下降 on our planet行星.
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這張地圖展示了
全球各地的降雨量。
07:00
We now know that.
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我們現在都理解了。
07:02
And you can look at where Çatalhatalhöyük was,
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你可以看到恰塔霍裕克的位置,
07:06
where three continents大陸 meet遇到,
Africa非洲, Asia亞洲, and Europe歐洲,
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位於亞、非、歐三大洲的交界處,
07:08
and you can see there are
a large number of people living活的 there
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你還可以看到數量極大的人口
生活在這片極度缺水的地區中。
07:11
in areas with very little water.
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07:13
And you can see areas in which哪一個
there is a great deal合同 of rainfall雨量 as well.
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你也可以看到降雨量充沛的地區。
07:17
And we can get a bit more sophisticated複雜的.
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我們可以更深入地探索下去。
07:20
Instead代替 of making製造
the map地圖 be shaped成形 by people,
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除了以人口分布來繪製地圖,
07:23
we can shape形狀 the map地圖 by water,
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我們還可以根據降雨量來繪製,
07:26
and then we can change更改 it every一切 month
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我們可以透過每月的變動
07:27
to show顯示 the amount of water
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來顯示地球上每一個小角落的
07:29
falling落下 on every一切 small part部分 of the globe地球.
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降雨總量。
07:33
And you see the monsoons季風
moving移動 around the planet行星,
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你可以看到全球的季風移動,
07:37
and the planet行星 almost幾乎 appears出現
to have a heartbeat心跳.
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地球看起來像顆心臟在跳動。
07:41
And all of this only became成為 possible可能
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而這些都是在我有生之年中,
才能夠觀察到的
07:46
within my lifetime一生
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屬於我們居住的地球
所展現的各種樣貌。
07:48
to see this is where we are living活的.
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07:52
We have enough足夠 water.
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我們有足夠的水資源。
07:55
This is a map地圖 of where
we grow增長 our food餐飲 in the world世界.
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這張地圖展示了全世界
糧食種植的分布情況。
08:01
This is the areas that we will rely依靠 on
most for rice白飯 and maize玉米 and corn玉米.
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這些區域是我們賴以生存的
米飯、玉米、穀物的種植區。
08:07
People worry擔心 that there won't慣於
be enough足夠 food餐飲, but we know,
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人們擔心食物將會短缺,
但是我們清楚,
08:10
if we just ate less meat
and fed美聯儲 less of the crops作物 to animals動物,
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只要我們少吃點肉,
少給牲畜餵食穀物,
08:15
there is enough足夠 food餐飲 for everybody每個人
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我們的糧食就綽綽有餘了,
08:17
as long as we think of ourselves我們自己
as one group of people.
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只要我們把所有人視為
單一生命共同體。
08:24
And we also know
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我們也清楚,
08:27
about what we do
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我們現在的所作所為
08:29
so terribly可怕 badly nowadays如今.
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有多麽糟糕。
08:33
You will have seen看到 this map地圖
of the world世界 before.
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各位以前可能見過這張世界地圖。
08:39
This is the map地圖
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這是一張由衛星圖像製成的地圖。
08:41
produced生成 by taking服用 satellite衛星 images圖片,
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08:44
if you remember記得 those satellites衛星
around the planet行星
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如果各位還記得我在一開始展示的
那些環繞地球的人造衛星,
08:47
in the very first slide滑動 I showed顯示,
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08:51
and producing生產 an image圖片
of what the Earth地球 looks容貌 like at night.
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這些人造衛星拍出
地球的夜間圖像。
08:55
When you normally一般 see that map地圖,
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當你以平常看地圖的習慣
來看那張地圖,
08:57
on a normal正常 map地圖, the kind of map地圖
that most of you will be used to,
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那張你習以為常的地圖,
09:02
you think you are seeing眼看
a map地圖 of where people live生活.
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你會認為你眼前的地圖標示了
人們的居住地。
09:06
Where the lights燈火 are shining閃亮的 up
is where people live生活.
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燈光明亮的地方
就是人們居住的地方。
09:09
But here, on this image圖片 of the world世界,
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但是在這張世界圖像中,
09:13
remember記得 we've我們已經 stretched拉伸 the map地圖 again.
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記得,我們又一次縮放了地圖。
09:17
Everywhere到處 has the same相同 density密度
of people on this map地圖.
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這張地圖上
每個地方的人口密度相等。
09:22
If an area doesn't have people,
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如果一片區域荒蕪人煙,
09:24
we've我們已經 shrunk壓縮 it away
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我們便把它縮小,
09:26
to make it disappear消失.
164
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使它在地圖上消失。
09:28
So we're showing展示 everybody每個人
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所以在這張地圖上,
每個人都占有一席之地。
09:30
with equal等於 prominence突出物.
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09:33
Now, the lights燈火 no longer show顯示 you
where people are,
167
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現在,光點顯示的
不再是人們的所在地,
09:36
because people are everywhere到處.
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因為人口在地圖上均勻分布著。
09:39
Now the lights燈火 on the map地圖,
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現在地圖上的光,
09:41
the lights燈火 in London倫敦,
the lights燈火 in Cairo開羅, the lights燈火 in Tokyo東京,
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出現在倫敦、開羅、東京
09:44
the lights燈火 on the Eastern Seaboard海岸
of the United聯合的 States狀態,
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美國東海岸的這些光,
09:47
the lights燈火 show顯示 you where people live生活
172
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它告訴我們
09:50
who are so profligate揮霍 with energy能源
173
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那些地區的人們
09:53
that they can afford給予
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是多麽不珍惜能源,
09:55
to spend money
175
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他們揮霍大筆的鈔票
09:57
powering供電 lights燈火 to shine閃耀 up into the sky天空,
176
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讓各式燈光照亮整個夜空,
10:00
so satellites衛星 can draw an image圖片 like this.
177
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所以,衛星
才得以繪製出這樣的圖像。
10:04
And the areas that are dark黑暗 on the map地圖
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而地圖上那些黯淡的區域,
10:07
are either areas where people
do not have access訪問 to that much energy能源,
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是因為那裏的人們
並沒有那麽多能源,
10:12
or areas where people do,
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又或是他們有足夠的能源,
10:14
but they have learned學到了 to stop
shining閃亮的 the light up into the sky天空.
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但是明白節約能源的重要性。
10:19
And if I could show顯示 you this map地圖
animated動畫 over time,
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如果我把這張地圖用
動態時間方式來展示,
10:23
you would see that Tokyo東京
has actually其實 become成為 darker,
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你會看到實際上東京變得較暗了,
10:27
because ever since以來 the tsunami海嘯 in Japan日本,
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因為日本自從海嘯以來,
10:30
Japan日本 has had to rely依靠
on a quarter25美分硬幣 less electricity電力
185
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關閉了核電廠,
10:33
because it turned轉身
the nuclear power功率 stations off.
186
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3000
它只能依賴四分之一不到的
電力供應。
10:37
And the world世界 didn't end結束.
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世界並沒有走向末日。
10:39
You just shone閃閃發光 less light
188
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只是你在黑夜中看到
比較少的光點而以。
10:41
up into the sky天空.
189
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1920
10:45
There are a huge巨大 number
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世界上還有無數
10:48
of good news新聞 stories故事 in the world世界.
191
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振奮人心的好消息。
10:51
Infant嬰兒 mortality死亡 is falling落下
192
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嬰兒死亡率正在下降,
10:55
and has been falling落下
at an incredible難以置信 rate.
193
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以不可思議的速度下降。
10:59
A few少數 years年份 ago,
194
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幾年前,
11:02
the number of babies嬰兒 dying垂死
in their first year of life in the world世界
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未滿一歲嬰兒的死亡率,
11:06
fell下跌 by five percent百分 in just one year.
196
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一年就下降5%。
11:11
More children孩子 are going to school學校
197
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越來越多的孩子到學校上課,
11:14
and learning學習 to read and write
198
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學習聽、說、讀、寫,
11:16
and getting得到 connected連接的 to the Internet互聯網
199
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使用網路,
11:19
and going on to go to university大學
200
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3016
之後繼續攻讀大學,
11:22
than ever before at an incredible難以置信 rate,
201
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相較以往,
是以驚人的速度在增長著。
11:26
and the highest最高 number of young年輕 people
going to university大學 in the world世界
202
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全球上大學人數最多的年輕人,
11:32
are women婦女, not men男人.
203
680040
1880
是女生,而不是男生。
11:35
I can give you good news新聞 story故事
after good news新聞 story故事
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我可以源源不斷地舉出
我們地球上越變越好的事情,
11:39
about what is getting得到
better in the planet行星,
205
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11:41
but we tend趨向 to concentrate集中
206
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但是我們卻傾向關注
眼前的壞消息。
11:45
on the bad news新聞 that is immediate即時.
207
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2736
11:48
Rebecca麗貝卡 Solnit索爾尼特, I think,
put it brilliantly出色,
208
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我認為,麗貝卡‧索爾尼的
描述頗為精確,
11:53
when she explained解釋: "The accretion吸積
of incremental增加的, imperceptible難以察覺 changes變化
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她說:「循序漸進的累積,
難以察覺的改變,
11:58
which哪一個 can constitute構成 progress進展
and which哪一個 render給予 our era時代
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可以堆砌出時代的進步歷程
12:01
dramatically顯著 different不同 from the past過去" --
211
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並形塑出與過去完全不同的世代」
12:04
the past過去 was much more stable穩定 --
212
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── 過去比較穩定 ──
12:07
"a contrast對比 obscured模糊 by the undramatic波瀾
nature性質 of gradual transformation轉型,
213
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「而被偶發的混亂所干擾的
漸進式改變,
因其平淡的本質使然,使人難以
察覺到世代間改變、進步的差異。」
12:12
punctuated打斷 by occasional偶然 tumult騷動."
214
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12:16
Occasionally偶爾, terrible可怕 things happen發生.
215
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偶爾,可怕的事情會發生。
12:19
You are shown顯示 those terrible可怕 things
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但是,每晚的新聞
12:22
on the news新聞 every一切 night of the week.
217
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都在循環播報那些可怕的事情。
12:25
You are not told about
the population人口 slowing減緩 down.
218
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新聞不會告訴你,
人口增長已經趨緩。
12:29
You are not told about the world世界
becoming變得 more connected連接的.
219
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新聞不會告訴你,
世界的連結日益緊密。
12:32
You are not told about the incredible難以置信
improvements改進 in understanding理解.
220
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新聞不會告訴你,國家社會間的
相互諒解有多大的進展。
12:36
You are not told about
how we are learning學習 to begin開始
221
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新聞不會告訴你,
我們已經開始學習
如何逐漸減少浪費與降低花費。
12:39
to waste浪費 less and consume消耗 less.
222
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12:42
This is my last map地圖.
223
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1200
這是我最後一張地圖。
12:44
On this map地圖, we have taken採取 the seas海域
224
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這張地圖上,我們移除了海洋。
12:46
and the oceans海洋 out.
225
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1800
12:49
Now you are just looking
226
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2016
現在你看到的
12:51
at about 7.4 billion十億 people
227
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就是一張顯示了
74億人口比例的地圖。
12:55
with the map地圖 drawn
in proportion比例 to those people.
228
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12:59
You're looking at over a billion十億 in China中國,
229
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你看到中國超過10億的人口,
13:01
and you can see the largest最大
city in the world世界 in China中國,
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你可以看到中國世界上最大的城市,
13:04
but you do not know its name名稱.
231
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但你並不知道它的名字。
13:07
You can see that India印度
232
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你可以看到印度
13:08
is in the center中央 of this world世界.
233
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位於世界的中心。
13:11
You can see that Europe歐洲 is on the edge邊緣.
234
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你可以看到歐洲位於世界的邊緣。
13:14
And we in Exeter埃克塞特 today今天
235
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我們今天所在的艾克斯特,
13:18
are on the far edge邊緣 of the planet行星.
236
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2936
在更遙遠的地球邊境上。
13:21
We are on a tiny scrap廢料 of rock
237
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2976
我們在歐洲一塊蕞爾之地上,
13:24
off Europe歐洲
238
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這裡有不到1%的全世界成年人口
13:25
which哪一個 contains包含 less than one percent百分
239
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13:28
of the world's世界 adults成年人,
240
796360
2016
和不到0.5%的兒童。
13:30
and less than half a percent百分
241
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13:32
of the world's世界 children孩子.
242
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1840
13:35
We are living活的 in a stabilizing穩定 world世界,
an urbanizing城市化 world世界,
243
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我們生活在一個穩定的世界、
一個城市化的世界,
13:40
an aging老化 world世界,
244
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1976
一個高齡化的世界、
13:42
a connecting world世界.
245
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2136
一個相互連結的世界。
13:44
There are many許多, many許多 things
to be frightened受驚 about,
246
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有許多許多事情需要擔心,
13:48
but there is no need for us
to fear恐懼 each other as much as we do,
247
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但是我們沒有必要互相猜忌,
13:53
and we need to see
that we are now living活的 in a new world世界.
248
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我們必需了解我們現正
生活在一個嶄新的世界。
13:58
Thank you very much.
249
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非常感謝。
14:00
(Applause掌聲)
250
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2640
(掌聲)
Translated by Yi-Fan Yu
Reviewed by SF Huang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Danny Dorling - Social geographer
Danny Dorling teaches and writes about the geography of our human world.

Why you should listen

Danny Dorling has invented new map projections and new ways of measuring and describing inequality -- and analyzed thousands of datasets about people and the planet. He is the Halford Mackinder Professor of Geography at the University of Oxford, UK. His work concerns issues of housing, health, employment, education, wealth and poverty.

In the press, Dorling has been described as "that rare university professor: expert, politically engaged and able to explain simply why his subject matters," and as one who has made it "his life's work to dig through the layers that make up Britain's human landscape, and then map it in ways nobody else had thought to do." Working with many others, he has done the same for all the countries of the world "giving a strikingly different perspective from the Mercator projection most commonly used." All this mapping lead him to worry more about inequality.

His recent books include co-authored texts The Atlas of the Real World: Mapping the Way We LiveBankrupt Britain: An atlas of social change, and People and Places a 21st-century Atlas of the UK. Recent sole-authored books include So You Think You Know about Britain and Fair Play, both in 2011; in 2012 The No-nonsense Guide to Equality, The Visualization of Spatial Social Structure and The Population of the UK; Unequal Health: The Scandal of Our Times, The 32 Stops and Population Ten Billion in 2013; All That Is Solid in 2014; Injustice: Why social inequalities persist in 2015; and A Better Politics: How Government Can Make Us Happier in 2016.

More profile about the speaker
Danny Dorling | Speaker | TED.com