ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Emily Parsons-Lord - Artist
Emily Parsons-Lord makes cross-disciplinary contemporary art that is informed by research and critical dialogue with materials and climate science.

Why you should listen

Through investigation into air and light, both conceptually, and culturally, Emily Parsons-Lord interrogates the materiality of invisibility, magic and the stories we tell about reality, the universe and our place in time and space. Tragi-humour, scale and invisibility are often used as access points her conceptual art practice.

Based in Sydney, Australia, Parsons-Lord's recent work includes recreating the air from past eras in Earth's evolution, recreating starlight in colored smoke, created multi-channel video and experimenting with pheromones, aerogel and chemistry. She has exhibited both nationally and internationally and participated in the Bristol Biennial – In Other Worlds, 2016, Primavera 2016 (Australia's flagship emerging art exhibition), Firstdraft Sydney and Vitalstatistix, Adelaide.

Parsons-Lord completed a bachelor of digital media (First Class Honours) 2008 at UNSW Art & Design, and a masters of peace and conflict studies from University of Sydney, 2010. She has been a researcher in residence at SymbioticA, at the Univeristy of Western Australia, and has had solo exhibitions at (forthcoming) Wellington St Projects 2017, Firstdraft in 2015, Gallery Eight in 2013 and the TAP Gallery in 2007, among many others.

More profile about the speaker
Emily Parsons-Lord | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxYouth@Sydney

Emily Parsons-Lord: Art made of the air we breathe

愛蜜莉.帕森思—羅爾德: 一種藝術:關於我們所呼吸的空氣

Filmed:
982,853 views

愛蜜莉.帕森思—羅爾德重現了地球歷史上重要時期的空氣──從石炭紀乾淨、新鮮的空氣到大滅絕時的蘇打味空氣,再到未來我們製造的有毒空氣。她把空氣變為藝術,邀請我們去了解我們周邊無法看到的世界。在這個充滿幻想的演講中,請用呼吸感受地球的過去與未來。
- Artist
Emily Parsons-Lord makes cross-disciplinary contemporary art that is informed by research and critical dialogue with materials and climate science. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:13
If I asked you to picture圖片 the air空氣,
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如果我讓你想像一下「空氣」,
00:17
what do you imagine想像?
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你腦海裡會浮現出什麼?
00:20
Most people think about either empty space空間
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大多數人們會想到空閒的空間,
00:24
or clear明確 blue藍色 sky天空
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或者澄淨的藍天,
00:26
or sometimes有時 trees樹木 dancing跳舞 in the wind.
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或者在風中起舞的樹。
00:29
And then I remember記得 my high school學校
chemistry化學 teacher老師 with really long socks襪子
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我想到我穿著長襪的高中化學老師,
00:33
at the blackboard黑板,
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在黑板上
00:34
drawing畫畫 diagrams of bubbles泡泡
connected連接的 to other bubbles泡泡,
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畫著一個圓圈
連著另一個圓圈的分析圖,
00:38
and describing說明 how they vibrate顫動
and collide碰撞 in a kind of frantic瘋狂的 soup.
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描述著它們在某種瘋狂混合物中,
是如何振動與碰撞的。
00:44
But really, we tend趨向 not to think
about the air空氣 that much at all.
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事實上,我們並不會太常想到空氣。
00:48
We notice注意 it mostly大多
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大部分情況我們會注意到它,
00:50
when there's some kind of unpleasant不愉快
sensory感覺的 intrusion侵擾 upon it,
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是當它產生了某種
令人不悅的感官衝擊時。
00:54
like a terrible可怕 smell
or something visible可見 like smoke抽煙 or mist薄霧.
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比如難聞的氣味,
或者一些可見的東西比如煙霧。
01:00
But it's always there.
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事實上它無處不在。
01:03
It's touching接觸 all of us right now.
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它現在正在和我們所有人接觸著。
01:05
It's even inside us.
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甚至存在於我們體內。
01:09
Our air空氣 is immediate即時, vital重要 and intimate親密.
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空氣對我們而言是直接的、
不可缺少而又親密的。
01:15
And yet然而, it's so easily容易 forgotten忘記了.
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然而卻這麼容易被遺忘。
01:20
So what is the air空氣?
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那麼空氣到底是什麼?
01:22
It's the combination組合 of the invisible無形
gases氣體 that envelop信封 the Earth地球,
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它是壟罩地球
表面不可見氣體的集合,
01:25
attracted吸引 by the Earth's地球
gravitational引力 pull.
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被地心引力制約著。
01:29
And even though雖然 I'm a visual視覺 artist藝術家,
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儘管我是一位視覺藝術家,
01:32
I'm interested有興趣 in
the invisibility隱形 of the air空氣.
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卻對空氣的不可見性很有興趣。
01:36
I'm interested有興趣 in how we imagine想像 it,
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我感興趣於人們是怎麼想像它,
01:39
how we experience經驗 it
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怎樣體驗它,
01:41
and how we all have an innate先天
understanding理解 of its materiality實質性
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以及我們如何通過呼吸,
01:45
through通過 breathing呼吸.
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對於空氣的實體性做出自然的理解。
01:48
All life on Earth地球 changes變化 the air空氣
through通過 gas加油站 exchange交換,
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地球上的所有生命
都通過氣體交換改變著空氣,
01:54
and we're all doing it right now.
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我們現在就是。
01:56
Actually其實, why don't we all
right now together一起 take
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那不如,我們現在所有人一起
01:59
one big, collective集體, deep breath呼吸 in.
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深吸一口氣,
02:02
Ready準備? In. (Inhales吸入)
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準備好了麼?吸氣。(吸氣)
02:07
And out. (Exhales呼氣)
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然後吐氣。(吐氣)
02:10
That air空氣 that you just exhaled呼出,
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就是那些你剛剛呼出的空氣,
02:13
you enriched豐富 a hundred times
in carbon dioxide二氧化碳.
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你增加了 100 倍的二氧化碳。
02:18
So roughly大致 five liters of air空氣 per breath呼吸,
17 breaths呼吸 per minute分鐘
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粗略算來每次呼吸包含 5 升空氣,
每分鐘呼吸 17 次,
02:24
of the 525,600 minutes分鐘 per year,
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在一年的 52 萬 5 千 6 百分鐘裡,
02:30
comes to approximately
45 million百萬 liters of air空氣,
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呼吸了近 4 千 5 百萬升空氣,
02:35
enriched豐富 100 times in carbon dioxide二氧化碳,
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增加了 100 倍的二氧化碳,
02:39
just for you.
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僅僅因為你。
02:41
Now, that's equivalent當量 to about 18
Olympic-sized奧林匹克規模 swimming游泳的 pools.
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這相當於 18 個
奧林匹克游泳池大小。
02:48
For me, air空氣 is plural複數.
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對我而言,空氣不是一個單一概念。
02:50
It's simultaneously同時
as small as our breathing呼吸
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它同時可以小到我們的呼吸,
02:53
and as big as the planet行星.
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又大到整個星球。
02:56
And it's kind of hard to picture圖片.
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有點難去描述。
03:00
Maybe it's impossible不可能,
and maybe it doesn't matter.
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也許根本無法形容,
也許本來就無須形容。
03:03
Through通過 my visual視覺 arts藝術 practice實踐,
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在我的視覺藝術實踐中,
03:06
I try to make air空氣, not so much picture圖片 it,
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我嘗試著,不是去描述它,
03:10
but to make it visceral內臟
and tactile and haptic觸覺.
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而是去讓它變得可以感知。
03:15
I try to expand擴大 this notion概念
of the aesthetic審美, how things look,
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我試著去拓寬
侷限於外觀的審美觀念,
03:20
so that it can include包括 things
like how it feels感覺 on your skin皮膚
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審美也可以包括,
比如你皮膚所感受到的,
03:23
and in your lungs,
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你的肺部所感受到的,
03:25
and how your voice語音 sounds聲音
as it passes通行證 through通過 it.
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當空氣流動時你聲音的變化。
03:30
I explore探索 the weight重量, density密度 and smell,
but most importantly重要的,
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我探索空氣的重量、密度、
味道,更重要的是,
03:34
I think a lot about the stories故事 we attach連接
to different不同 kinds of air空氣.
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我想了許多
與不同類型空氣相關的故事。
03:42
This is a work I made製作 in 2014.
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這是我 2014 年的一個作品。
03:46
It's called "Different不同 Kinds
of Air空氣: A Plant's植物的 Diary日記,"
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叫作「多樣的空氣:植物的日記」。
03:49
where I was recreating再創造 the air空氣
from different不同 eras時代 in Earth's地球 evolution演化,
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我重現了地球進化中
不同紀元的空氣,
03:53
and inviting誘人的 the audience聽眾
to come in and breathe呼吸 them with me.
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並且邀請觀眾來與我一起呼吸。
03:56
And it's really surprising奇怪,
so drastically大幅 different不同.
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令人驚訝的是,
它們竟然有這麼大的差別。
04:01
Now, I'm not a scientist科學家,
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誠然,我不是科學家,
04:03
but atmospheric大氣的 scientists科學家們
will look for traces痕跡
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但是大氣學家
會在地質學與空氣化學中找尋蹤跡,
04:06
in the air空氣 chemistry化學 in geology地質學,
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04:09
a bit like how rocks岩石 can oxidize氧化,
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就像岩石如何氧化,
04:12
and they'll他們會 extrapolate推斷
that information信息 and aggregate骨料 it,
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他們會推算並求出總和,
04:15
such這樣 that they can
pretty漂亮 much form形成 a recipe食譜
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這樣他們對於不同時代的空氣,
能夠推斷出其組成成分,
04:18
for the air空氣 at different不同 times.
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04:20
Then I come in as the artist藝術家
and take that recipe食譜
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然後我以藝術家的身份
獲得空氣的「配方」,
04:23
and recreate重建 it using運用 the component零件 gases氣體.
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用各種氣體成分重新製造它。
04:28
I was particularly尤其 interested有興趣
in moments瞬間 of time
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我對於一些時間點特別有興趣,
04:31
that are examples例子
of life changing改變 the air空氣,
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這有幾個關於生命改變空氣的例子,
04:35
but also the air空氣 that can influence影響
how life will evolve發展,
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也有空氣影響生命演化的例子,
04:40
like Carboniferous石炭 air空氣.
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比如石炭紀空氣,
04:43
It's from about 300 to 350
million百萬 years年份 ago.
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它在 3 到 3.5 億年前。
04:47
It's an era時代 known已知
as the time of the giants豪門.
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那是以巨大生物而知名的時代。
04:51
So for the first time
in the history歷史 of life,
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生命歷史上第一次,
04:53
lignin木質素 evolves演變.
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木質素開始進化。
04:55
That's the hard stuff東東
that trees樹木 are made製作 of.
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木質素是組成樹木的硬質材料。
04:57
So trees樹木 effectively有效 invent發明
their own擁有 trunks樹幹 at this time,
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因此這時樹木高效地
形成了它們的軀幹,
05:01
and they get really big,
bigger and bigger,
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它們變得越來越大,
05:03
and pepper胡椒 the Earth地球,
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覆蓋了地球,
05:04
releasing釋放 oxygen, releasing釋放
oxygen, releasing釋放 oxygen,
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釋放氧氣,釋放氧氣,釋放氧氣,
05:07
such這樣 that the oxygen levels水平
are about twice兩次 as high
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因此氧氣量
比我們現在的多約 2 倍。
05:11
as what they are today今天.
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05:13
And this rich豐富 air空氣 supports支持
massive大規模的 insects昆蟲 --
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這樣富足的空氣孕育了
大量的昆蟲——
05:17
huge巨大 spiders蜘蛛 and dragonflies蜻蜓
with a wingspan翼展 of about 65 centimeters公分.
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大型的蜘蛛,
翼展有 65 公分的蜻蜓。
05:24
To breathe呼吸, this air空氣 is really clean清潔
and really fresh新鮮.
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對於呼吸而言,
這種空氣非常乾淨和新鮮。
05:28
It doesn't so much have a flavor味道,
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它沒有味道,
05:30
but it does give your body身體
a really subtle微妙 kind of boost促進 of energy能源.
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但是它給了你身體真正的能量。
05:34
It's really good for hangovers宿醉.
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它對於宿醉者再好不過。
05:36
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
05:38
Or there's the air空氣 of the Great Dying垂死 --
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或者是大滅絕時期的空氣——
05:41
that's about 252.5 million百萬 years年份 ago,
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約 2.525 億年前,
05:44
just before the dinosaurs恐龍 evolve發展.
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就在恐龍演化之前。
05:47
It's a really short time period,
geologically地質學 speaking請講,
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地質學上講,它是相當短的時間,
05:50
from about 20- to 200,000 years年份.
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在 20 到 20 萬年之間。
05:53
Really quick.
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真的很短。
05:56
This is the greatest最大 extinction滅絕 event事件
in Earth's地球 history歷史,
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這是地球歷史上的大滅絕事件,
05:58
even bigger than when
the dinosaurs恐龍 died死亡 out.
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甚至比恐龍滅絕更甚。
06:02
Eighty-five八十五 to 95 percent百分 of species種類
at this time die out,
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85~95% 的物種滅絶,
06:06
and simultaneous同時 to that is a huge巨大,
dramatic戲劇性 spike in carbon dioxide二氧化碳,
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隨之而來的是,
二氧化碳量急劇增加,
06:11
that a lot of scientists科學家們 agree同意
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很多科學家都認為
06:13
comes from a simultaneous同時
eruption噴發 of volcanoes火山
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是由於許多火山噴發造成,
06:16
and a runaway逃跑 greenhouse溫室 effect影響.
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迅速導致了溫室效應。
06:20
Oxygen levels水平 at this time go
to below下面 half of what they are today今天,
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氧氣含量少於當今的一半,
06:24
so about 10 percent百分.
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大約 10%。
06:25
So this air空氣 would definitely無疑 not
support支持 human人的 life,
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因此這種空氣不能滿足
人類的生理需求,
06:28
but it's OK to just have a breath呼吸.
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但是勉強可供呼吸。
06:30
And to breathe呼吸, it's oddly奇怪 comforting欣慰的.
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而且對呼吸而言,
有一種奇怪的舒適感。
06:33
It's really calming平靜, it's quite相當 warm
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它很平靜,很溫熱,
06:36
and it has a flavor味道 a little bit
like soda蘇打 water.
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它有一點蘇打水的味道。
06:41
It has that kind of spritz斯普茨,
quite相當 pleasant愉快.
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它有那種愉悅的氣泡。
06:44
So with all this thinking思維
about air空氣 of the past過去,
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帶著所有這些關於
過去時代的空氣的思考,
06:47
it's quite相當 natural自然 to start開始 thinking思維
about the air空氣 of the future未來.
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開始思考未來時代的
空氣是很自然的。
06:52
And instead代替 of being存在 speculative投機 with air空氣
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我並不是對於空氣成分進行猜測,
06:54
and just making製造 up what I think
might威力 be the future未來 air空氣,
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然後製造自己所認為的
「未來空氣」,
06:58
I discovered發現 this human-synthesized人類合成 air空氣.
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而是發現了這些人類合成的空氣。
07:02
That means手段 that it doesn't occur發生
anywhere隨地 in nature性質,
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那意味著它在自然界不會出現,
07:05
but it's made製作 by humans人類 in a laboratory實驗室
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僅僅是在人類的實驗室,
07:08
for application應用 in different不同
industrial產業 settings設置.
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為了不同工業環境的應用而製造。
07:13
Why is it future未來 air空氣?
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為什麼它是未來的空氣?
07:15
Well, this air空氣 is a really stable穩定 molecule分子
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好,這種空氣是穩定的分子,
07:19
that will literally按照字面 be part部分 of the air空氣
once一旦 it's released發布,
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它一經釋放,就會融入空氣中,
07:23
for the next下一個 300 to 400 years年份,
before it's broken破碎 down.
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維持 300~400 年,直到它被降解。
07:28
So that's about 12 to 16 generations.
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所以大約是 12 到 16 代
那麼長的時間。
07:33
And this future未來 air空氣 has
some very sensual聲色 qualities氣質.
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這種未來的空氣
有一些可感知的特性。
07:37
It's very heavy.
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它很重。
07:39
It's about eight times heavier較重
than the air空氣 we're used to breathing呼吸.
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大約是我們通常呼吸空氣的 8 倍重。
07:45
It's so heavy, in fact事實,
that when you breathe呼吸 it in,
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它如此重,事實上,當你呼吸時,
07:48
whatever隨你 words you speak說話
are kind of literally按照字面 heavy as well,
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不管你說什麼,還是會感覺重,
07:51
so they dribble運球 down your chin下巴
and drop下降 to the floor地板
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所以它會沿著你的下巴
流下掉到地上,
07:55
and soak浸泡 into the cracks裂縫.
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流入地板上的縫隙。
07:57
It's an air空氣 that operates操作
quite相當 a lot like a liquid液體.
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它是像液體一般的空氣。
08:02
Now, this air空氣 comes
with an ethical合乎道德的 dimension尺寸 as well.
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現在,這種空氣產生了道德問題。
08:06
Humans人類 made製作 this air空氣,
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人類製作了這種空氣,
但是從測試看來,
它也是最具溫室效應潛質的空氣。
08:08
but it's also the most potent有力的
greenhouse溫室 gas加油站
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08:12
that has ever been tested測試.
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08:15
Its warming變暖 potential潛在 is 24,000 times
that of carbon dioxide二氧化碳,
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它的增溫效果
是二氧化碳的二萬四千倍,
08:20
and it has that longevity長壽
of 12 to 16 generations.
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它的壽命有 12 到 16 代。
08:25
So this ethical合乎道德的 confrontation對抗
is really central中央 to my work.
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所以這倫理上的對抗
是我工作的重點。
08:43
(In a lowered降低 voice語音) It has
another另一個 quite相當 surprising奇怪 quality質量.
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(降低聲調)它有另外一個
令人驚訝的特性。
08:47
It changes變化 the sound聲音 of your voice語音
quite相當 dramatically顯著.
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它能戲劇性地改變你的聲音。
08:50
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
08:57
So when we start開始 to think -- ooh!
It's still there a bit.
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所以當你開始思考——
哦,還有一點點。
09:00
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
09:01
When we think about climate氣候 change更改,
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當我們思考氣候變化,
09:04
we probably大概 don't think about
giant巨人 insects昆蟲 and erupting爆發 volcanoes火山
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我們可能沒有想到
巨大的昆蟲,噴發的火山,
09:10
or funny滑稽 voices聲音.
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或者有趣的聲音。
09:13
The images圖片 that more readily容易 come to mind心神
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那些更可能跳出的形象
09:15
are things like retreating撤退 glaciers冰川
and polar極性 bears adrift漂浮 on icebergs冰山.
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是消融的冰川,
以及在冰塊上漂流的北極熊。
09:21
We think about pie餡餅 charts圖表
and column graphs
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我們想到是餅狀圖和柱狀圖,
09:24
and endless無窮 politicians政治家
talking to scientists科學家們 wearing穿著 cardigans開襟羊毛衫.
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以及政治家與穿開襟毛衣的科學家
無休止的談論。
09:30
But perhaps也許 it's time we start開始
thinking思維 about climate氣候 change更改
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但是也許是時候
該以我們身體體驗空氣的方式
來考慮氣候變化,
09:34
on the same相同 visceral內臟 level水平
that we experience經驗 the air空氣.
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09:39
Like air空氣, climate氣候 change更改 is simultaneously同時
at the scale規模 of the molecule分子,
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像空氣一樣,氣候變化
在分子尺度、呼吸過程、
地球環境等方面同時體現。
09:45
the breath呼吸 and the planet行星.
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09:49
It's immediate即時, vital重要 and intimate親密,
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它直接、重要而又親密,
09:52
as well as being存在 amorphous非晶 and cumbersome笨重.
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同時無形的、難於處理的。
09:58
And yet然而, it's so easily容易 forgotten忘記了.
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儘管,它容易被忘卻。
10:03
Climate氣候 change更改 is the collective集體
self-portrait自畫像 of humanity人性.
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氣候變化是人類行為
集合的自我反映。
10:07
It reflects反映 our decisions決定 as individuals個人,
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它反映了我們作為個人的決定、
10:10
as governments政府 and as industries行業.
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政府的決定以及產業的決定。
10:13
And if there's anything
I've learned學到了 from looking at air空氣,
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如果我們反觀空氣能學到什麼的話,
10:16
it's that even though雖然
it's changing改變, it persists仍然存在.
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那就是,即便它不斷變化,
它仍存在。
10:20
It may可能 not support支持 the kind of life
that we'd星期三 recognize認識,
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它也許不能維持
我們熟知的生活型態,
10:24
but it will support支持 something.
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但是它能養活某些型態。
10:27
And if we humans人類 are such這樣 a vital重要
part部分 of that change更改,
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如果人類是那種變化中
重要的一員的話,
10:30
I think it's important重要
that we can feel the discussion討論.
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我想,我們能感受
關於它的討論,這是重要的。
10:35
Because even though雖然 it's invisible無形,
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因為儘管它不可見,
10:39
humans人類 are leaving離開
a very vibrant充滿活力 trace跟踪 in the air空氣.
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人類卻在空氣中留下了
十分鮮明的印記。
10:44
Thank you.
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謝謝。
10:46
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by ZHENG Shu
Reviewed by Wilde Luo

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Emily Parsons-Lord - Artist
Emily Parsons-Lord makes cross-disciplinary contemporary art that is informed by research and critical dialogue with materials and climate science.

Why you should listen

Through investigation into air and light, both conceptually, and culturally, Emily Parsons-Lord interrogates the materiality of invisibility, magic and the stories we tell about reality, the universe and our place in time and space. Tragi-humour, scale and invisibility are often used as access points her conceptual art practice.

Based in Sydney, Australia, Parsons-Lord's recent work includes recreating the air from past eras in Earth's evolution, recreating starlight in colored smoke, created multi-channel video and experimenting with pheromones, aerogel and chemistry. She has exhibited both nationally and internationally and participated in the Bristol Biennial – In Other Worlds, 2016, Primavera 2016 (Australia's flagship emerging art exhibition), Firstdraft Sydney and Vitalstatistix, Adelaide.

Parsons-Lord completed a bachelor of digital media (First Class Honours) 2008 at UNSW Art & Design, and a masters of peace and conflict studies from University of Sydney, 2010. She has been a researcher in residence at SymbioticA, at the Univeristy of Western Australia, and has had solo exhibitions at (forthcoming) Wellington St Projects 2017, Firstdraft in 2015, Gallery Eight in 2013 and the TAP Gallery in 2007, among many others.

More profile about the speaker
Emily Parsons-Lord | Speaker | TED.com