TED2017
Manoush Zomorodi: How boredom can lead to your most brilliant ideas
瑪諾什．佐摩羅迪: 無聊如何讓你產出最出色的點
Filmed:
Readability: 4.3
3,416,855 views
你是否有時會在摺疊洗好的衣物、洗碗盤、或沒特別做什麼時，產生你最有創意的點子？那是因為你的身體會進入自動駕駛狀態，你的大腦會忙著產生新的神經連結，能夠連結點子並解決問題。聽聽瑪諾什．佐摩羅迪解釋恍神和創意間的連結，學習如何喜歡無聊。
Manoush Zomorodi - Tech podcaster
Every week on her podcast "Note to Self," Manoush Zomorodi searches for answers to life’s digital quandaries. Full bio
Every week on her podcast "Note to Self," Manoush Zomorodi searches for answers to life’s digital quandaries. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
My son and the iPhone
were born three weeks apart
were born three weeks apart
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我兒子在 2007 年六月出生，
和 iPhone 的生日
和 iPhone 的生日
00:16
in June 2007.
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差了三週。
00:19
So while those early adopters
were lined up outside,
were lined up outside,
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所以，當那些想搶先
最早使用的人在外面排隊，
最早使用的人在外面排隊，
00:22
waiting to get their hands
on this amazing new gadget,
on this amazing new gadget,
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等著要把玩這新玩具時，
00:25
I was stuck at home
with my hands full of something else
with my hands full of something else
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我被困在家裡，忙著別的事，
00:29
that was sending out
constant notifications --
constant notifications --
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那就是不斷的發出通知──
00:32
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
00:33
a miserable, colicky baby
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一個很慘的肚腹絞痛寶寶，
00:36
who would only sleep in a moving stroller
with complete silence.
with complete silence.
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只有在移動的嬰兒車裡
且完全安靜時才能入睡。
且完全安靜時才能入睡。
00:42
I literally was walking
10 to 15 miles a day,
10 to 15 miles a day,
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我每天真的要走上 10 到 15 英哩，
00:45
and the baby weight came off.
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所以我的「懷孕胖」都消了。
00:46
That part was great.
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那部份很棒。
00:48
But man, was I bored.
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但，天，我好無聊。
00:51
Before motherhood, I had been a journalist
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在當媽之前，我是個記者，
00:53
who rushed off when the Concorde crashed.
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在協和式飛機墜毀時要衝去報導。
00:56
I was one of the first
people into Belgrade
people into Belgrade
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當在塞爾維亞有革命發生時，
00:58
when there was a revolution in Serbia.
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我是最先到達貝爾格勒的人之一。
01:01
Now, I was exhausted.
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現在，我累壞了。
01:04
This walking went on for weeks.
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這步行生活持續了數週。
01:07
It was only until about three months in
that something shifted, though.
that something shifted, though.
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直到約三個月前，有轉變發生了。
01:12
As I pounded the pavement,
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當我腳步沉重地走在人行道上，
01:14
my mind started to wander, too.
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我的腦子也開始漫遊了。
01:18
I began imagining what I would do
when I finally did sleep again.
when I finally did sleep again.
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我開始想像，如果我終於
能再睡覺時我會做什麼。
能再睡覺時我會做什麼。
01:22
So the colic did fade,
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腹絞痛的確漸漸沒了，
01:24
and I finally got an iPhone
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最後我也有了支 iPhone，
01:27
and I put all those hours
of wandering into action.
of wandering into action.
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我把那麼多小時的神遊給實現了。
01:30
I created my dream job
hosting a public radio show.
hosting a public radio show.
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我創造了我夢想的工作：
主持一個公共電台的廣播節目。
主持一個公共電台的廣播節目。
01:34
So there was no more
rushing off to war zones,
rushing off to war zones,
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所以不用再趕去戰區了，
01:36
but thanks to my new smartphone,
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但，託我的新智慧手機的福，
01:38
I could be a mother and a journalist.
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我可以同時扮演媽媽以及記者，
01:40
I could be on the playground
and on Twitter at the same time.
and on Twitter at the same time.
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我可以在遊樂場的同時上推特。
01:45
Yeah, well, when I thought that,
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是啊，當我在想
01:47
when the technology came in and took over,
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當科技出現並開始主宰，
01:49
that is when I hit a wall.
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就是我的玩完的時候。
01:52
So, I want you to picture this:
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請各位想像一下：
01:54
you host a podcast, and you have to prove
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你在主持一個播客節目，你得證明
01:56
that the investment
of precious public radio dollars in you
of precious public radio dollars in you
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投資在你身上的珍貴公共電台金錢
02:00
is worth it.
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是值得的。
02:01
My goal was to increase
my audience size tenfold.
my audience size tenfold.
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我的目標是要把聽眾數增加十倍。
02:05
So one day, I sat down to brainstorm,
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有一天，我坐下來腦力激盪，
02:08
as you do,
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就像你會做的那樣，
02:09
and I came up barren.
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而我什麼都產不出來。
02:11
This was different
than writer's block, right?
than writer's block, right?
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這和寫作屏障不同，對吧？
不像是有什麼東西在等著被發掘。
02:13
It wasn't like there was something there
waiting to be unearthed.
waiting to be unearthed.
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就是……什麼都沒有。
02:16
There was just nothing.
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02:18
And so I started to think back:
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所以我開始回想：
02:19
When was the last time
I actually had a good idea?
I actually had a good idea?
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我上次有個好點子是何時？
02:22
Yeah, it was when I was pushing
that damn stroller.
that damn stroller.
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是的，是當我在推那
該死的嬰兒車時。
該死的嬰兒車時。
02:26
Now all the cracks in my day
were filled with phone time.
were filled with phone time.
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現在我每天的空檔都被
手機時間佔滿。
手機時間佔滿。
02:29
I checked the headlines
while I waited for my latte.
while I waited for my latte.
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當我在等拿鐵咖啡時會看看頭條，
02:33
I updated my calendar
while I was sitting on the couch.
while I was sitting on the couch.
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我坐在沙發上時會去更新行事曆。
02:37
Texting turned every spare moment
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傳訊息讓所有空閒時間轉變成
02:39
into a chance to show to my coworkers
and my dear husband
and my dear husband
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一個機會，讓我展現出我多會回應，
02:42
what a responsive person I was,
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給我同事和我親愛的老公看，
02:45
or at least it was a chance to find
another perfect couch
another perfect couch
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或是至少是為我的
Pinterest 網頁尋找
Pinterest 網頁尋找
02:48
for my page on Pinterest.
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另一張完美沙發的機會。
02:51
I realized that I was never bored.
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我發現，我從來不會無聊。
02:53
And anyway, don't only
boring people get bored?
boring people get bored?
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但不是只有無聊的人才會無聊嗎？
02:57
But then I started to wonder:
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但我接著開始想：
02:58
What actually happens to us
when we get bored?
when we get bored?
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當我們無聊時，會發生什麼事？
03:00
Or, more importantly: What happens to us
if we never get bored?
if we never get bored?
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或更重要的：當我們
從不無聊時，會發生什麼事？
從不無聊時，會發生什麼事？
03:05
And what could happen if we got rid of
this human emotion entirely?
this human emotion entirely?
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如果我們完全擺脫這種
人類情緒，又會發生什麼事？
人類情緒，又會發生什麼事？
03:10
I started talking to neuroscientists
and cognitive psychologists,
and cognitive psychologists,
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我開始和神經科學家及
認知心理學家談這個話題，
認知心理學家談這個話題，
03:14
and what they told me was fascinating.
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他們給我的回覆很棒。
03:17
It turns out that when you get bored,
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結果是，當你無聊時，
03:19
you ignite a network in your brain
called the "default mode."
called the "default mode."
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你會點燃你腦中的一個網路，
叫做「預設模式」。
叫做「預設模式」。
03:23
So our body, it goes on autopilot
while we're folding the laundry
while we're folding the laundry
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所以當我們在摺洗好的衣服、
或是走路去上班時，
或是走路去上班時，
03:28
or we're walking to work,
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我們的身體會自動駕駛，
03:29
but actually that is when our brain
gets really busy.
gets really busy.
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但其實那時我們的大腦才真的很忙。
03:32
Here's boredom researcher Dr. Sandi Mann.
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這是研究無聊的學者，
珊蒂曼恩博士。
珊蒂曼恩博士。
03:36
(Audio) Dr. Sandi Mann:
Once you start daydreaming
Once you start daydreaming
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（語音）珊蒂曼恩博士：
一旦你開始作白日夢，
一旦你開始作白日夢，
03:38
and allow your mind to really wander,
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讓你的大腦真正去神遊，
03:40
you start thinking a little bit
beyond the conscious,
beyond the conscious,
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你會開始有點在意識之外思考，
03:43
a little bit into the subconscious,
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有點進入到潛意識，
03:44
which allows sort of different
connections to take place.
connections to take place.
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這會產生某種不同的連結。
03:48
It's really awesome, actually.
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這其實真的很棒。
03:49
Manoush Zomorodi: Totally awesome, right?
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瑪諾什佐摩羅迪：超棒的，對吧？
03:52
So this is my brain in an fMRI,
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這是用功能性磁振造影
（fMRI）來看我的大腦，
（fMRI）來看我的大腦，
03:54
and I learned that in the default mode
is when we connect disparate ideas,
is when we connect disparate ideas,
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我發現，在預設模式時，
我們會連結到迥然不同的點子，
我們會連結到迥然不同的點子，
03:58
we solve some of our most
nagging problems,
nagging problems,
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我們能解決一些最惱人的問題，
04:00
and we do something called
"autobiographical planning."
"autobiographical planning."
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我們會做一件事：「自傳規劃」。
04:03
This is when we look back at our lives,
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也就是我們會回顧我們的一生，
04:05
we take note of the big moments,
we create a personal narrative,
we create a personal narrative,
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記下重要時刻，創造個人化故事，
04:08
and then we set goals
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接著設定目標，
04:10
and we figure out what steps
we need to take to reach them.
we need to take to reach them.
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再想出要哪些步驟
才能達到那些目標。
才能達到那些目標。
04:13
But now we chill out on the couch
also while updating a Google Doc
also while updating a Google Doc
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但現在，我們在沙發上放鬆下來，
同時更新 Google 文件、
同時更新 Google 文件、
04:18
or replying to email.
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或是回覆電子郵件。
04:20
We call it "getting shit done,"
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我們稱之為「搞定鳥事」，
04:22
but here's what neuroscientist
Dr. Daniel Levitin says
Dr. Daniel Levitin says
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但神經科學家丹尼爾拉文提博士
04:25
we're actually doing.
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說我們其實在做的是……
04:27
(Audio) Dr. Daniel Levitin:
Every time you shift your attention
Every time you shift your attention
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（語音）丹尼爾拉文提博士：
每當你把你的注意力從
每當你把你的注意力從
04:30
from one thing to another,
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一件事轉移到另一件，
04:32
the brain has to engage
a neurochemical switch
a neurochemical switch
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大腦就得要做一種神經化學轉換，
04:34
that uses up nutrients in the brain
to accomplish that.
to accomplish that.
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要用掉腦中的營養來完成這轉換。
04:38
So if you're attempting to multitask,
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所以如果你試著一次進行多工，
04:40
you know, doing four
or five things at once,
or five things at once,
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一次做四、五件事，
04:42
you're not actually doing
four or five things at once,
four or five things at once,
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你其實不是同時在做四、五件事，
04:45
because the brain doesn't work that way.
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因為大腦不是那樣運作的。
04:47
Instead, you're rapidly shifting
from one thing to the next,
from one thing to the next,
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你其實是快速在幾件事當中轉換，
04:50
depleting neural resources as you go.
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在過程中用盡神經資源。
04:52
(Audio) MZ: So switch, switch, switch,
you're using glucose, glucose, glucose.
you're using glucose, glucose, glucose.
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（語音）瑪諾什：轉換、轉換、轉換，
就是在用葡萄糖、葡萄糖、葡萄糖。
就是在用葡萄糖、葡萄糖、葡萄糖。
（語音）丹尼爾：沒錯，
且葡萄糖的供應是有限的。
且葡萄糖的供應是有限的。
04:56
(Audio) DL: Exactly right, and we have
a limited supply of that stuff.
a limited supply of that stuff.
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04:59
MZ: A decade ago, we shifted
our attention at work
our attention at work
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（語音）瑪諾什：十年前
在工作時，我們每三分鐘
在工作時，我們每三分鐘
05:01
every three minutes.
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轉換一次注意力。
05:03
Now we do it every 45 seconds,
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現在是每 45 秒，
05:06
and we do it all day long.
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且我們整天都在這麼做。
05:08
The average person checks email
74 times a day,
74 times a day,
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一般人每天會看信 74 次，
05:11
and switches tasks on their computer
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每天在電腦上切換工作
05:13
566 times a day.
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566 次。
05:17
I discovered all this
talking to professor of informatics,
talking to professor of informatics,
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我是從和資訊學教授
葛洛莉亞馬克博士的談話中
葛洛莉亞馬克博士的談話中
05:21
Dr. Gloria Mark.
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了解到這些的。
05:23
(Audio) Dr. Gloria Mark: So we find
that when people are stressed,
that when people are stressed,
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（語音）葛洛莉亞馬克博士：
所以我們發現，當人們有壓力時，
所以我們發現，當人們有壓力時，
05:26
they tend to shift
their attention more rapidly.
their attention more rapidly.
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他們傾向會更快速轉移注意力。
05:30
We also found, strangely enough,
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我們還發現了一件怪事，
05:32
that the shorter the amount of sleep
that a person gets,
that a person gets,
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一個人睡覺的時間越短，
05:38
the more likely they are
to check Facebook.
to check Facebook.
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他們越可能會去看臉書。
05:40
So we're in this vicious, habitual cycle.
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我們身處這個惡性習慣循環中。
05:44
MZ: But could this cycle be broken?
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瑪諾什：但這個循環能被打破嗎？
05:46
What would happen
if we broke this vicious cycle?
if we broke this vicious cycle?
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如果我們打破這個
惡性循環，會發生什麼事？
惡性循環，會發生什麼事？
05:50
Maybe my listeners could help me find out.
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也許我的聽眾能協助我找出答案。
05:55
What if we reclaimed
those cracks in our day?
those cracks in our day?
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如果我們把每天的
空檔時間收回來呢？
空檔時間收回來呢？
05:58
Could it help us
jump-start our creativity?
jump-start our creativity?
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能協助我們啟動我們的創意嗎？
06:03
We called the project
"Bored and Brilliant."
"Bored and Brilliant."
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我們把這個專案稱為
「無聊且出色」。
「無聊且出色」。
06:08
And I expected, you know,
a couple hundred people to play along,
a couple hundred people to play along,
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我期待會有幾百個人能參與，
06:11
but thousands of people
started signing up.
started signing up.
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但有數千人開始登記。
06:14
And they told me the reason
they were doing it
they were doing it
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他們告訴我，他們想參與的理由，
06:16
was because they were worried
that their relationship with their phone
that their relationship with their phone
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是因為他們擔心他們與手機的關係
有點變成可以說是「依賴共生」。
06:20
had grown kind of ...
"codependent," shall we say.
"codependent," shall we say.
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06:24
(Audio) Man: The relationship
between a baby and its teddy bear
between a baby and its teddy bear
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（語音）男人：嬰兒和他的泰迪熊、
06:27
or a baby and its binky
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或嬰兒和他的奶嘴間的關係，
06:29
or a baby that wants its mother's cradle
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或嬰兒已經受夠被陌生人抱時
06:33
when it's done with being held
by a stranger --
by a stranger --
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想要媽媽的搖抱，
06:36
(Laughs)
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（笑聲）
06:37
that's the relationship
between me and my phone.
between me and my phone.
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那就是我和我的手機之間的關係。
06:40
(Audio) Woman: I think of my phone
like a power tool:
like a power tool:
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（語音）女人：我把
我的手機視為強大的工具：
我的手機視為強大的工具：
06:42
extremely useful, but dangerous
if I'm not handling it properly.
if I'm not handling it properly.
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它非常有用，但如果
我沒妥當處理就很危險。
我沒妥當處理就很危險。
06:46
(Audio) Woman 2:
If I don't pay close attention,
If I don't pay close attention,
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（語音）女人 2：
如果我不非常專注，
如果我不非常專注，
我會突然發現我又花了一小時
06:49
I'll suddenly realize
that I've lost an hour of time
that I've lost an hour of time
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去做完全不用腦的事了。
06:51
doing something totally mindless.
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瑪諾什：好，但若要測量進步，
06:53
MZ: OK, but to really measure
any improvement,
any improvement,
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06:56
we needed data, right?
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我們需要資料，對吧？
06:57
Because that's what we do these days.
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因為現在我們都是這樣做的。
06:59
So we partnered with some apps
that would measure how much time
that would measure how much time
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所以我們與一些應用程式合作，
它們會測量我們
每天花多少時間在手機上。
每天花多少時間在手機上。
07:02
we were spending every day on our phone.
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07:04
If you're thinking it's ironic
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如果你覺得這很諷刺，
07:06
that I asked people
to download another app
to download another app
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因為我要求人們
去下載另一個應用程式，
去下載另一個應用程式，
07:08
so that they would spend
less time on their phones:
less time on their phones:
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讓他們能花少一點時間在手機上：
07:11
yeah, but you gotta meet people
where they are.
where they are.
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是的，但你得要到
人所在的地方去找他們。
人所在的地方去找他們。
07:13
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
07:14
So before challenge week,
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在挑戰週之前，
07:16
we were averaging two hours
a day on our phones
a day on our phones
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我們平均是一天花
2 小時在手機上，
2 小時在手機上，
07:19
and 60 pickups,
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拿起手機 60 次，
07:21
you know, like, a quick check,
did I get a new email?
did I get a new email?
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比如拿起來看一下有沒有新郵件。
07:24
Here's what Tina, a student
at Bard College,
at Bard College,
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以下是巴德學院學生蒂娜
07:26
discovered about herself.
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對她自己的發現。
07:28
(Audio) Tina: So far, I've been spending
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（語音）蒂娜：目前，我每天
07:30
between 150 and 200 minutes
on my phone per day,
on my phone per day,
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會花 150 到 200 分鐘在手機上，
07:34
and I've been picking up my phone
70 to 100 times per day.
70 to 100 times per day.
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每天拿起手機 70 到 100 次。
07:38
And it's really concerning,
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這很讓人擔憂，
07:40
because that's so much time
that I could have spent
that I could have spent
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因為這麼多時間我本來可以用來
07:42
doing something more productive,
more creative, more towards myself,
more creative, more towards myself,
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做比較有生產力、有創意、
對我自己有助益的事，
對我自己有助益的事，
07:46
because when I'm on my phone,
I'm not doing anything important.
I'm not doing anything important.
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因為當我用手機時，
我並沒有在做重要的事。
我並沒有在做重要的事。
07:49
MZ: Like Tina, people were starting
to observe their own behavior.
to observe their own behavior.
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瑪諾什：就像蒂娜，
人們開始觀察他們自己的行為。
人們開始觀察他們自己的行為。
07:52
They were getting ready
for challenge week.
for challenge week.
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他們準備好面對挑戰週了。
07:55
And that Monday,
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那個星期一，
07:57
they started to wake up
to instructions in their inbox,
to instructions in their inbox,
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他們開始要遵從
他們收件匣中的指示，
他們收件匣中的指示，
08:00
an experiment to try.
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要嘗試一個實驗。
08:02
Day one:
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第一天：
08:03
"Put it in your pocket."
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「把它放到你的口袋中。」
08:05
Take that phone out of your hand.
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讓手機離開你的手。
08:07
See if you can eliminate the reflex
to check it all day long,
to check it all day long,
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看看能否消除整天
想拿手機看一下的反射動作，
想拿手機看一下的反射動作，
08:10
just for a day.
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只要一天就好。
08:12
And if this sounds easy,
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如果聽起來很容易，
08:13
you haven't tried it.
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那是因為你還沒試過。
08:14
Here's listener Amanda Itzko.
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以下是聽眾亞曼達以茲柯。
08:16
(Audio) Amanda Itzko:
I am absolutely itching.
I am absolutely itching.
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（語音）亞曼達以茲柯：
我真的好癢。
我真的好癢。
08:20
I feel a little bit crazy,
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我覺得有點要發狂了，
08:23
because I have noticed
that I pick up my phone
that I pick up my phone
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因為我注意到我隨時
都會拿起我的手機，
都會拿起我的手機，
08:27
when I'm just walking
from one room to another,
from one room to another,
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當我從一個房間走到另一間時，
08:31
getting on the elevator,
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去搭電梯時，
08:33
and even -- and this is the part
that I am really embarrassed
that I am really embarrassed
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甚至──這是要大聲說出來會讓我
08:36
to actually say out loud --
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我最不好意思的部份──
08:38
in the car.
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在車上時。
08:40
MZ: Yikes.
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瑪諾什：真慘！
08:41
Yeah, well, but as Amanda learned,
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但，就像亞曼達學到的，
08:43
this itching feeling
is not actually her fault.
is not actually her fault.
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這很癢的感覺並不是她的錯。
08:46
That is exactly the behavior
that the technology is built to trigger.
that the technology is built to trigger.
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觸發這行為正是
這種科技建立的目的。
這種科技建立的目的。
08:51
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:55
I mean, right?
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我的意思是，對吧？
08:57
Here's former Google designer,
Tristan Harris.
Tristan Harris.
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接著這位是前 Google
設計師崔斯坦哈里斯。
設計師崔斯坦哈里斯。
09:01
(Audio) Tristan Harris: If I'm Facebook
or I'm Netflix or I'm Snapchat,
or I'm Netflix or I'm Snapchat,
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（語音）崔斯坦哈里斯：如果我是
臉書、網飛 (Netflix)、或 Snapchat，
臉書、網飛 (Netflix)、或 Snapchat，
我真的有上千名的工程師，
09:04
I have literally a thousand engineers
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09:06
whose job is to get
more attention from you.
more attention from you.
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致力在得到你更多的注意力。
09:09
I'm very good at this,
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我很擅長這個，
09:10
and I don't want you to ever stop.
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我不想要你停下來。
09:12
And you know, the CEO
of Netflix recently said,
of Netflix recently said,
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網飛的執行長最近說：
「我們最大的競爭者是
臉書、YouTube、及睡眠。」
臉書、YouTube、及睡眠。」
09:14
"Our biggest competitors
are Facebook, YouTube and sleep."
are Facebook, YouTube and sleep."
196
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09:17
I mean, so there's a million places
to spend your attention,
to spend your attention,
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3274
你可以把注意力花在上百萬個地方，
09:21
but there's a war going on to get it.
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但有場搶奪注意力之戰正在發生。
09:23
MZ: I mean, you know the feeling:
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瑪諾什：你們知道那種感覺的，
09:24
that amazing episode
of "Transparent" ends,
of "Transparent" ends,
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《透明家庭》很棒的一集結束了，
09:27
and then the next one starts playing
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下一集又開始播了，
09:28
so you're like, eh, OK fine,
I'll just stay up and watch it.
I'll just stay up and watch it.
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所以你就會想，好吧，
我就熬夜看它吧。
我就熬夜看它吧。
09:31
Or the LinkedIn progress bar
says you are this close
says you are this close
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或是 LinkedIn 的進度條
顯示出你只差一點點，
顯示出你只差一點點，
09:34
to having the perfect profile,
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就可以有完美的個人檔案，
09:37
so you add a little more
personal information.
personal information.
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3108
所以你會加上一點個人資訊。
09:40
As one UX designer told me,
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1994
有一個 UX （使用者經驗）
設計師告訴我，
設計師告訴我，
09:42
the only people who refer
to their customers as "users"
to their customers as "users"
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會把客人稱為「使用者」的人，
09:45
are drug dealers and technologists.
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2068
只有毒販和技術專家。
09:47
(Laughter)
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1356
（笑聲）
09:49
(Applause)
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2944
（掌聲）
09:55
And users, as we know,
are worth a lot of money.
are worth a lot of money.
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你們也知道，使用者很值錢。
09:58
Here's former Facebook
product manager and author,
product manager and author,
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3410
以下是臉書的前產品經理及作者，
10:02
Antonio García Martínez.
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2566
安東尼奧嘉西亞馬丁尼茲。
10:05
(Audio) Antonio García Martínez:
The saying is, if any product is free
The saying is, if any product is free
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（語音）安東尼奧嘉西亞馬丁尼茲：
有個說法，如果有產品是免費的，
有個說法，如果有產品是免費的，
那麼你就是產品；
你的注意力就是產品。
你的注意力就是產品。
10:08
then you're the product;
your attention is the product.
your attention is the product.
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但你的注意力值多少錢？
10:11
But what is your attention worth?
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1574
這就是為什麼每當你載入一張網頁，
10:13
That's why literally every time
you load a page,
you load a page,
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2253
不只是臉書或任何應用程式，
10:15
not just on Facebook or any app,
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1540
馬上就會進行一個拍賣，
每天有數十億個拍賣，
每天有數十億個拍賣，
10:16
there's an auction being held instantly,
billions of times a day,
billions of times a day,
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這拍賣是針對那一次
廣告印象值多少。
廣告印象值多少。
10:20
for exactly how much
that one ad impression cost.
that one ad impression cost.
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瑪諾什：順便一提，
一般人一生會花兩年的生命
一般人一生會花兩年的生命
10:22
MZ: By the way, the average person
will spend two years of their life
will spend two years of their life
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3287
10:25
on Facebook.
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在臉書上。
10:27
So, back to challenge week.
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回到挑戰週。
10:28
Immediately, we saw
some creativity kick in.
some creativity kick in.
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3412
馬上，我們就看到創意產生了。
10:32
Here's New Yorker Lisa Alpert.
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以下是紐約客麗莎艾波特。
10:34
(Audio) Lisa Alpert: I was bored, I guess.
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（語音）麗莎艾波特：
我想我是很無聊。
我想我是很無聊。
10:36
So I suddenly looked at the stairway
that went up to the top of the station,
that went up to the top of the station,
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所以我突然看向樓梯，
它通往車站的頂端，
它通往車站的頂端，
10:41
and I thought, you know,
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1539
我心想，你知道的，
10:43
I had just come down that stairway,
but I could go back up
but I could go back up
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我剛從那樓梯下來，
但如果我能再爬上去，
但如果我能再爬上去，
10:46
and then come back down
and get a little cardio.
and get a little cardio.
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然後再下來，就能做一點心肺運動。
10:48
So I did,
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1164
所以我就做了，
10:50
and then I had a little more time,
so I did it again and I did it again,
so I did it again and I did it again,
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然後，我還有點時間，所以我
再做了一次，又再做了一次，
再做了一次，又再做了一次，
10:54
and I did it 10 times.
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我一共做了十次。
10:55
And I had a complete cardio workout.
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我有了個很完整的心肺訓練。
10:58
I got on that R train feeling
kind of exhausted,
kind of exhausted,
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2427
我上了 R 線列車，覺得好累，
11:00
but, like, wow,
that had never occurred to me.
that had never occurred to me.
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但，哇，我從來沒有這樣過。
11:03
How is that possible?
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這怎麼有可能？
11:04
(Laughter)
238
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1104
（笑聲）
11:05
MZ: So creativity, I learned, means
different things to different people.
different things to different people.
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瑪諾什：我發現，對不同的人，
創意的意義是不同的。
創意的意義是不同的。
11:09
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
11:10
But everyone found
day three's challenge the hardest.
day three's challenge the hardest.
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但每個人都覺得第三天的挑戰最難。
11:14
It was called "Delete that app."
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它叫做「刪掉那程式。」
11:16
Take that app -- you know the one;
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把那個程式──你知道是哪個；
11:18
that one that always gets you,
it sucks you in --
it sucks you in --
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總是能攻破你的那個程式──
它總是把你吸進去──
它總是把你吸進去──
11:21
take it off your phone,
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把它從你的手機上刪了，
11:22
even if just for the day.
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1388
即使一天也好。
11:24
I deleted the game Two Dots
and nearly cried.
and nearly cried.
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3262
我刪了 Two Dots 這個遊戲，
還差點哭了。
還差點哭了。
11:27
(Laughter)
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1046
（笑聲）
11:28
Yeah, Two Dots players
know what I'm talking about.
know what I'm talking about.
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2419
Two Dots 玩家知道我在說什麼。
11:30
But my misery had good company.
250
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2516
但我的慘狀並不孤單。
11:36
(Audio) Man 2: This is Liam
in Los Angeles,
in Los Angeles,
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（語音）男人 2：
我是洛杉磯的連恩，
我是洛杉磯的連恩，
11:38
and I deleted Twitter, Facebook,
Instagram, Tumblr, Snapchat and Vine
Instagram, Tumblr, Snapchat and Vine
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我從我的手機上刪了推特、
臉書、Instagram、Tumblr、
臉書、Instagram、Tumblr、
Snapchat、還有 Vine，
11:43
from my phone
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1155
一氣呵成。
11:44
in one fell swoop.
254
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1601
11:46
And it was kind of an embarrassingly
emotional experience at first.
emotional experience at first.
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4641
說來尷尬，一開始
這是很情緒化的經驗。
這是很情緒化的經驗。
11:50
It felt weirdly lonely
to look at that lock screen
to look at that lock screen
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看見鎖定螢幕上面沒有新的通知，
有種詭異的寂寞感。
11:54
with no new notifications on it.
257
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2357
11:57
But I really liked deciding for myself
258
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3048
但我真的很喜歡為我自己決定
12:00
when to think about or access
my social networks,
my social networks,
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3392
何時去想或是去用我的社交網路，
12:03
not giving my phone the power
to decide that for me.
to decide that for me.
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3366
不要讓我的手機有權來為我決定。
12:07
So thank you.
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1178
所以，謝謝你。
12:08
(Audio) Woman 3: Deleting the Twitter app
was very sad,
was very sad,
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2691
（語音）女人 3：刪掉
推特程式是很讓人感傷的，
推特程式是很讓人感傷的，
12:11
and I feel I maybe, over the last year
when I've been on Twitter,
when I've been on Twitter,
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3538
我覺得，也許過去一年
我用推特的日子中，
我用推特的日子中，
12:15
have developed an addiction to it,
264
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1620
我開始對它成癮，
12:16
and this "Bored and Brilliant" challenge
has really made me realize it.
has really made me realize it.
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3388
而這個「無聊且出色」挑戰
讓我了解到這一點。
讓我了解到這一點。
12:20
After a brief period of really horrible
withdrawal feeling,
withdrawal feeling,
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3132
在一段短暫的恐怖退縮感之後，
12:23
like lack-of-caffeine headache,
267
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1969
那就像缺乏咖啡因時的頭痛，
12:25
I now feel lovely.
268
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我現在感覺很美好。
12:27
I had a lovely dinner with my family,
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我和家人吃了頓美好的晚餐，
12:28
and I hope to continue this structured use
of these powerful tools.
of these powerful tools.
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我希望能持繼結構性地
去使用這些強大的工具。
去使用這些強大的工具。
12:33
(Audio) Woman 4: I don't have
that guilty gut feeling
that guilty gut feeling
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（語音）女人 4：
我沒有那種罪惡直覺感，
我沒有那種罪惡直覺感，
12:36
I have when I know
I'm wasting time on my phone.
I'm wasting time on my phone.
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當我在手機上浪費時間時才會有。
12:38
Maybe I'll have to start giving myself
challenges and reminders like this
challenges and reminders like this
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也許我會開始在每天早晨
給我自己像這樣子的挑戰和提醒。
給我自己像這樣子的挑戰和提醒。
12:41
every morning.
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瑪諾什：我的意思是，
對啊，這就是進展。
對啊，這就是進展。
12:43
MZ: I mean, yes, this was progress.
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12:44
I could not wait to see
what the numbers said
what the numbers said
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我等不及看看在那週結束之後
12:47
at the end of that week.
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數字會怎麼說。
12:50
But when the data came in,
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但當資料進來時，
12:52
it turned out that we had cut down,
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結果是，平均來說，
12:54
on average,
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我們減少的時間是
12:55
just six minutes --
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6 分鐘──
12:57
from 120 minutes a day on our phones
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本來一天花 120 分鐘在手機上，
13:00
to 114.
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減少到 114 分鐘。
13:03
Yeah. Whoop-de-do.
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是啊，好讚呀。
13:05
So I went back to the scientists
feeling kind of low,
feeling kind of low,
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所以我回頭找那些科學家，
感覺很沮喪，
感覺很沮喪，
13:09
and they just laughed at me,
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他們只是笑我，
13:10
and they said, you know,
changing people's behavior
changing people's behavior
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他們說，你知道嗎，在這麼短時間
13:12
in such a short time period
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去改變人的行為，
13:14
was ridiculously ambitious,
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是很有雄心但也很荒謬，
13:16
and actually what you've achieved
is far beyond what we thought possible.
is far beyond what we thought possible.
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其實你的成就已經遠超過
我們認為可能達成的。
我們認為可能達成的。
13:22
Because more important than the numbers,
were the people's stories.
were the people's stories.
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因為比數字更重要的，是人的故事。
13:25
They felt empowered.
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他們覺得被賦予能力。
13:27
Their phones had been transformed
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他們的手機被轉換了，
13:30
from taskmasters
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從工頭
13:31
back into tools.
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轉回了工具。
13:34
And actually, I found what
the young people said most intriguing.
the young people said most intriguing.
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而且，我發現年輕人的說詞最有趣。
13:38
Some of them told me
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有些年輕人告訴我，
13:39
that they didn't recognize
some of the emotions
some of the emotions
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他們無法認出在挑戰週內
13:42
that they felt during challenge week,
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他們感受到的一些情緒，
13:43
because, if you think about it,
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因為，如果你試想一下，
13:45
if you have never known life
without connectivity,
without connectivity,
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如果你從來就不知道
沒有連結的人生是怎樣的，
沒有連結的人生是怎樣的，
13:48
you may never have experienced boredom.
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你可能從來沒有體驗過無聊。
13:51
And there could be consequences.
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那是可能會有後果的。
13:53
Researchers at USC have found --
they're studying teenagers
they're studying teenagers
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南加大的研究者發現──
他們的研究對象是
他們的研究對象是
13:57
who are on social media
while they're talking to their friends
while they're talking to their friends
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會在和朋友說話或做功課時，
13:59
or they're doing homework,
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同時用社交媒體的青少年，
14:01
and two years down the road,
they are less creative and imaginative
they are less creative and imaginative
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兩年時間過去後，
他們對於自己的未來
他們對於自己的未來
14:05
about their own personal futures
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會比較沒創意和想像力，
14:07
and about solving societal problems,
like violence in their neighborhoods.
like violence in their neighborhoods.
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對於解決社會問題，如街坊暴力，
也比較沒創意和想像力。
也比較沒創意和想像力。
14:11
And we really need this next generation
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我們真的需要這下一個世代
14:14
to be able to focus on some big problems:
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能夠專注在大問題上：
14:16
climate change, economic disparity,
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氣候改變、經濟失衡、
14:19
massive cultural differences.
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大量文化差異。
14:21
No wonder CEOs in an IBM survey
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難怪在 IBM 的調查中，總裁們
14:24
identified creativity as the number one
leadership competency.
leadership competency.
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認為最重要的領導能力是創意。
14:30
OK, here's the good news, though:
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不過，好消息是：
14:31
In the end, 20,000 people
did "Bored and Brilliant" that week.
did "Bored and Brilliant" that week.
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最終，20,000 人在那週
做了「無聊且出色」。
做了「無聊且出色」。
14:35
Ninety percent cut down on their minutes.
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90% 縮減了他們的分鐘數，
14:38
Seventy percent got more time to think.
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70% 有比較多時間思考。
14:41
People told me that they slept better.
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他們告訴我，他們睡得更好。
14:43
They felt happier.
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他們感到更快樂。
14:44
My favorite note was from a guy
who said he felt like he was waking up
who said he felt like he was waking up
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我最喜歡的說詞是，
有個人說他感覺好像
有個人說他感覺好像
14:48
from a mental hibernation.
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從精神冬眠中甦醒。
14:52
Some personal data and some neuroscience
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一些個人資料和一些神經科學
14:54
gave us permission
to be offline a little bit more,
to be offline a little bit more,
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讓我們能在線下待久一點點，
14:57
and a little bit of boredom
gave us some clarity
gave us some clarity
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且一點無聊會讓我們看得更清楚，
15:00
and helped some of us set some goals.
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並協助我們設定一些目標。
15:04
I mean, maybe constant connectivity
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我是說，也許在幾年之後，
15:06
won't be cool in a couple of years.
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經常性連結不會那麼酷了。
15:10
But meanwhile, teaching people,
especially kids,
especially kids,
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但這期間，教導人們，特別是孩童，
15:13
how to use technology
to improve their lives
to improve their lives
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如何用科技來改善他們的生活
15:16
and to self-regulate
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並且自我規範，
15:18
needs to be part of digital literacy.
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必須要成為數位能力的一部份。
15:22
So the next time you go
to check your phone,
to check your phone,
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下次你再去看你的手機，
15:25
remember that if you don't decide
how you're going to use the technology,
how you're going to use the technology,
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切記，如果你沒有決定
你要如何用那科技，
你要如何用那科技，
15:29
the platforms will decide for you.
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平台就會為你做決定。
15:33
And ask yourself:
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記得自問：
15:34
What am I really looking for?
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我到底在找什麼？
15:36
Because if it's to check email,
that's fine -- do it and be done.
that's fine -- do it and be done.
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因為如果是去看郵件，沒問題，
去做，然後做完就好。
去做，然後做完就好。
15:40
But if it's to distract yourself
from doing the hard work
from doing the hard work
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但如果是讓自己從需要深刻思考的
15:42
that comes with deeper thinking,
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努力工作中分心，
15:45
take a break,
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休息一下，
15:46
stare out the window
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看看窗外，
15:48
and know that by doing nothing
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要知道，什麼都不做時，
15:51
you are actually being
your most productive and creative self.
your most productive and creative self.
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其實是最有生產力及創意的時候。
15:56
It might feel weird
and uncomfortable at first,
and uncomfortable at first,
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一開始可能感覺很怪且不舒服，
15:59
but boredom truly can lead to brilliance.
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但無聊真的可以帶來出色。
16:02
Thank you.
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謝謝大家。
16:03
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Manoush Zomorodi - Tech podcasterEvery week on her podcast "Note to Self," Manoush Zomorodi searches for answers to life’s digital quandaries.
Why you should listen
Manoush Zomorodi is the host and managing editor of Note to Self, “the tech show about being human,” from WNYC Studios. Through experiments and conversations with listeners and experts, she examines the new questions tech has brought into our lives. Topics include information overload, digital clutter, sexting “scandals" and the eavesdropping capabilities of our gadgets.
In January 2017, Manoush and Note to Self launched "The Privacy Paradox," a 5-part plan to help people take back control over their digital identity. Tens of thousands of listeners have completed the 5-part plan so far, which Fast Company calls Manoush's "challenge to us to stick up for our internet rights." Her book exploring how boredom can ignite original thinking, Bored and Brilliant: Rediscovering the Lost Art of Spacing Out, comes out in September 2017.
Manoush Zomorodi | Speaker | TED.com