ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ory Okolloh - Blogger and activist
Ory Okolloh maintains the blog Mzalendo, providing an unprecedented look at the doings of Kenya's parliament -- information once unavailable to Kenyan citizens.

Why you should listen

Ory Okolloh is a blogger and open-government activist. She runs Mzalendo, a pioneering civic website that tracks the performance of Kenya's Parliament and its Parliamentarians. With a vote tracker, articles and opinion pieces, the site connects Kenyans to their leaders and opens the lid on this powerful and once-secretive body. (This is a Parliament that finally agreed to have its procedings televised in August 2008.)

Okolloh's own blog is called Kenyan Pundit, and it tracks her work with Mzalendo and her other efforts as part of the rebuilding of Kenya, following the post-election violence in late 2007 (she collected a powerful series of diaries of the violence, dozens of essays from Kenyans and others -- well worth a read).

Okolloh is part of a wave of young Africans who are using the power of blogging, SMS and web-enabled openness to push their countries forward and help Africans to truly connect. Tools like Ushahidi help to link a people whose tribal differences, as Okolloh points out again and again, are often cynically exploited by a small group of leaders. Only by connecting Africans can this cycle be broken.

More profile about the speaker
Ory Okolloh | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2007

Ory Okolloh: How I became an activist

Ory Okolloh 成為一個激進分子

Filmed:
399,010 views

Ory Okolloh 分享她生命與她的家庭故事 -- 她是如何開始她對於肯亞議員的監督行為.
- Blogger and activist
Ory Okolloh maintains the blog Mzalendo, providing an unprecedented look at the doings of Kenya's parliament -- information once unavailable to Kenyan citizens. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
So what's image圖片 got do with it?
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影像的意義在哪?
00:21
And I must必須 say, I think Emeka埃梅卡 is trying to send發送
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我必須說我覺得Emeka試圖傳遞
00:23
a lot of subliminal潛意識 messages消息,
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許多潛意識的訊息
00:24
because I'm going to keep harping重彈 on some of the issues問題
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因為我會反覆的探討這些已經
00:26
that have come up.
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被討論過的議題
00:28
But I'm going to try and do something different不同,
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但我會用另一種不同的方法嘗試
00:30
and try and just close the loop循環 with some of my personal個人 stories故事,
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試著結合一些我個人的故事
00:35
and try and put a face面對 to a lot of the issues問題
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讓你們更能夠清楚的看到
00:37
that we've我們已經 been talking about.
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這些我們正在討論的議題
00:39
So, Africa非洲 is a complex複雜 continent大陸 full充分 of contradictions矛盾,
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嗯,非洲是一個充滿矛盾複雜的大陸
00:42
as you can see.
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正如你所知的
00:43
We're not the only ones那些.
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當然不只有我們是這樣
00:45
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:48
(Applause掌聲)
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(鼓掌)
00:54
And you know, it's amazing驚人.
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你知道嗎?很讓人驚訝
00:57
I mean, we need a whole整個 conference會議
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我是說,我們這整場
00:58
just devoted忠誠 to telling告訴 the good stories故事 about the continent大陸.
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都會談論關於這塊大陸美好的故事
01:01
Just think about that, you know?
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思考一下,嗯?
01:03
And this is typically一般 what we've我們已經 been talking about,
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這就是我們一直在說的
01:06
the role角色 that the media媒體 plays播放 in focusing調焦
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媒體扮演的角色總是聚焦在
01:08
just on the negative stuff東東.
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負面的事物上
01:10
Now, why is that a problem問題?
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為何現在這成了個問題
01:13
A typical典型 disaster災害 story故事:
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一個典型災難的故事
01:16
disease疾病, corruption腐敗, poverty貧窮.
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疾病、貪汙、貧窮
01:18
And some of you might威力 be standing常設 here thinking思維,
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或許在場的有些人會這樣想
01:21
saying, "OK, you know, Ory歐利, you're Harvard-educated哈佛畢業的,
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OK, 你知道嗎?Ory,你是哈佛畢業的
01:25
and all you privileged特權 people come here, saying,
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你們這些特權份子站在這裡說著
01:28
'Forget忘記 the poor較差的 people.
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忘記窮人吧
01:29
Let's focus焦點 on business商業 and the markets市場, and whatever隨你.' "
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讓我們聚焦在商業行為、行銷或其他的事情上
01:33
And they're all, "There's the 80 percent百分 of Africans非洲人
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但是全部或80%的非洲人民
01:35
who really need help."
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真的需要幫助
01:38
And I want to tell you that this is my story故事, OK?
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但我想告訴你,我的故事
01:42
And it's the story故事 of many許多 of the Africans非洲人 who are here.
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這也是許多在場非洲人民的故事
01:47
We start開始 with poverty貧窮.
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從貧窮開始吧
01:48
I didn't grow增長 up in the slums貧民窟 or anything that dire可怕的,
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我並非從貧民窟長大
01:51
but I know what it is to grow增長 up without having money,
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但我知道生活困苦是怎麼一回事
01:54
or being存在 able能夠 to support支持 family家庭.
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或是你還得負擔家計
01:58
EuvinEuvin was talking about bellwether頭羊 signs跡象.
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Euvin曾談論過前兆
02:00
The bellwether頭羊 for whether是否 our family家庭 was broke打破 or not was breakfast早餐.
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一個家庭有沒有破產看他們的早餐就知道了
02:05
You know, when things were good, we had eggs and sausages香腸.
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日子好過時,我們會有雞蛋跟香腸
02:08
When things were bad, we had porridge稀飯.
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但是當日子困苦時,我們只能靠麥片粥過活
02:11
And like many許多 African非洲人 families家庭,
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許多非洲家庭
02:13
my parents父母 could never save保存
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我父母從來沒辦法存錢
02:14
because they supported支持的 siblings兄弟姐妹, cousins表兄弟, you know, their parents父母,
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因為他們得養親人,表哥表弟,當然還有他們的父母
02:20
and things were always dicey冒險的.
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而且經常面臨困境
02:23
Now, when I was born天生, they realized實現 they had a pretty漂亮 smart聰明 kid孩子,
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當我出生時,他們了解他們擁有一個漂亮聰明的小孩
02:26
and they didn't want me to go to the neighborhood鄰里 school學校,
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他們不想要讓我在附近上學
02:29
which哪一個 was free自由.
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即使是免費的
02:30
And they adopted採用 a very interesting有趣
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所以他們採用了一個非常有趣
02:33
approach途徑 to education教育, which哪一個 was
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的方法來教育我,就是
02:35
they were going to take me to a school學校 that they can barely僅僅 afford給予.
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他們把我送到我去他們幾乎負擔不起的學校
02:39
So they took me to a private私人的, Catholic天主教徒, elementary初級 school學校,
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那是一間私立、天主教的小學
02:42
which哪一個 set the foundation基礎 for what ended結束 up being存在 my career事業.
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此也讓我的職業生涯奠定基礎
02:47
And what happened發生 was,
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然而實際發生的是
02:49
because they could afford給予 it sometimes有時, sometimes有時 not,
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因為有時他們繳的起學費,有時候繳不起
02:52
I got kicked out pretty漂亮 much every一切 term術語.
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我幾乎每學年都被勒令退學
02:54
You know, someone有人 would come in with a list名單
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嗯,有人拿著一張列表走進來
02:59
of the people who haven't沒有 paid支付 school學校 fees費用,
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上面寫著哪些人沒有繳學費
03:01
and when they started開始 getting得到 pretty漂亮 strict嚴格,
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他們非常嚴格的執行
03:03
you had to leave離開, until直到 your school學校 fees費用 could be paid支付.
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除非你已經繳了學費否則你必須離開學校
03:05
And I remember記得 thinking思維, I mean,
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然而我記得我當時在想,我指
03:07
why don't these guys just take me to a cheap低廉 school學校?
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為什麼不把我送到便宜一點的學校就好
03:10
Because you know, as a kid孩子
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因為你知道的,你是一個小孩
03:12
you're embarrassed尷尬 and
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你會尷尬而且
03:16
you're sensitive敏感, and everyone大家 knows知道
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你很敏感,每個人都知道
03:17
you guys don't have money.
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你沒有錢
03:18
But they kept不停 at it,
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但是我父母還是持續這件事
03:22
and I now understand理解 why they did what they did.
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但我現在理解為何他們要這樣做
03:25
They talk about corruption腐敗.
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他們談論貪汙腐敗
03:28
In Kenya肯尼亞, we have an entrance入口 exam考試 to go into high school學校.
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在肯亞,我們有高中入學考試
03:34
And there's national國民 schools學校, which哪一個 are like the best最好 schools學校,
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在那裡,國立學校看似是最好的學校
03:37
and provincial省級 schools學校.
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或者省立學校
03:39
My dream夢想 school學校 at that time was Kenya肯尼亞 High School學校,
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我那時候夢想中的學校是肯亞高中
03:41
a national國民 school學校.
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一間國立學校
03:42
I missed錯過 the cutoff隔斷 by one point.
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就當時來講,我差點被退學。
03:43
And I was so disappointed失望, and I was like,
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但我也很失望,覺得
03:46
"Oh my God, you know, what am I going to do?"
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我的天啊,我接下來要怎麼辦
03:49
And my father父親 said, "OK, listen.
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然後我父親說,好,聽著
03:50
Let's go and try and talk to the headmistress女校長.
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讓我們跟校長談談看
03:52
You know, it's just one point. I mean,
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你知道的,這只是一個原因,我指
03:54
maybe she'll貝殼 let you in if that slot's插槽的 still there."
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或許他會讓你繼續,如果還在機會還在
03:57
So we went to the school學校,
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所以我們去了學校
04:00
and because we were nobodies小人物, and because we didn't have privilege特權,
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但因為我們只是無名小卒,也非特權人士
04:06
and because my father父親 didn't have the right last name名稱,
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我父親也非名門之後
04:10
he was treated治療 like dirt污垢.
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所以他遭遇到很無禮的對待
04:12
And I satSAT and listened聽了 to the headmistress女校長 talk to him, saying,
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我坐下來聽著校長這樣跟他說
04:16
you know, who do you think you are?
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嗯,你以為你是誰阿?
04:17
And, you know, you must必須 be joking開玩笑 if you think
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你對你剛提出的不會是認真的吧
04:21
you can get a slot插槽.
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你想要一個機會
04:22
And I had gone走了 to school學校 with other girls女孩, who were kids孩子 of politicians政治家,
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我必須去一個全是政治人物小孩的學校
04:27
and who had doneDONE much, much worse更差 than I did,
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而他們大部分都沒有我來的優秀
04:29
and they had slots插槽 there.
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但他們卻可以在這裡
04:32
And there's nothing worse更差 than seeing眼看 your parent
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沒有什麼比親眼看見你的父母
04:34
being存在 humiliated羞辱 in front面前 of you, you know?
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當著你的面被羞辱更糟了
04:37
And we left, and I swore發誓 to myself,
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當我們離開的時候,我對自己發誓
04:39
and I was like, "I'm never, ever going to have
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我這輩子絕對不要讓自己
04:42
to beg for anything in my life."
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為了任何事卑躬屈膝
04:43
They called me two weeks later後來, they're like,
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兩週後他們打電話給我,他們表現出
04:45
oh, yeah, you can come now. And I told them to stuff東東 it.
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嗯,是的,你現在可以過來了。然後我跟他們說,去你的。
04:50
(Laughter笑聲) (Applause掌聲)
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(笑聲)(掌聲)
04:52
Final最後 story故事, and I sort分類 of have to speak說話 quickly很快.
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最後一個故事,我得講快點了。
04:56
Disease疾病.
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疾病
04:57
My father父親, who I've been talking about, died死亡 of AIDS艾滋病 in 1999.
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我父親,那位我一直在討論的人,在1999年因為感染愛滋死了
05:04
He never told anyone任何人 that he had AIDS艾滋病,
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他從沒跟別人說他感染愛滋
05:06
his fear恐懼 of the stigma柱頭 was so strong強大.
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他對這個恥辱的懼怕是如此強烈
05:09
And I'm pretty漂亮 much the one who figured想通 it out, because I was a nerd書呆子.
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我大概是唯一知道這件事的人,因為我是個書呆子
05:14
And I was in the States狀態 at the time,
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那個時候我還在美國
05:16
and they called me. He was very sick生病, the first time he got sick生病.
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他們告訴我,他病的很嚴重,第一次他生病
05:19
And he had Cryptococcal隱球菌 meningitis腦膜炎.
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是因為罹患隱球菌腦膜炎
05:22
And so I went on to Google谷歌, Cryptococcal隱球菌 meningitis腦膜炎, you know.
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所以我去搜尋有關隱球菌腦膜炎的資訊
05:25
Because of doctor-patient醫患 privilege特權,
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因為有醫病關係的權力消長
05:28
they couldn't不能 really tell us what was going on.
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他們不能夠告訴我們真正發生了什麼事
05:29
But they were like, you know, this is a long-term長期 thing.
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但他們表現出,嗯,這是需要長期治療的
05:32
And when I went online線上 and looked看著 at the infectious傳染病 --
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當我上網然後
05:36
read about the disease疾病,
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閱讀有關這個疾病的資訊
05:40
I pretty漂亮 much realized實現 what was going on.
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我大概也知道是怎麼一回事
05:42
The first time he got sick生病, he recovered恢復.
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第一次他得病,然後痊癒了
05:45
But what happened發生 was that he had to be on medication藥物治療
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但實際上,他必須要接受醫療照護
05:47
that, at that time -- Diflucan大扶康, which哪一個 in the States狀態
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當時,泰復肯(治療腦膜炎用藥),在美國
05:50
is used for yeast酵母 infections感染 -- cost成本 30 dollars美元 a pill.
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是用來治療黴菌感染的,一顆藥要價30美元
05:54
He had to be on that pill for the rest休息 of his life.
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他此生都必須要仰賴這種藥物
06:00
You know, so money ran out.
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你知道的,這所費不非
06:02
He got sick生病 again.
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然後他又再度得病
06:04
And up until直到 that time, he had a friend朋友 who used to travel旅行 to India印度,
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一直到那時,他有個朋友曾到印度旅遊
06:08
and he used to import進口, bring帶來 him, could
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然後他會
06:12
get him a generic通用 version of it.
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帶回一些無廠家商標的的藥物給我父親
06:14
And that kept不停 him going.
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這讓我父親得以存活
06:16
But the money ran out.
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但錢還是會花完
06:18
He got sick生病 again. He got sick生病 on a Friday星期五.
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所以他又再度生病,他在週五得病
06:21
At that time, there was only one bank銀行 that had ATMs自動取款機 in Kenya肯尼亞,
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那時,在肯亞只有一間銀行有自動提款機
06:24
and we could not get cash現金. The family家庭 couldn't不能 get cash現金
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我們無法提領現金,家人無法取得現金
06:31
for him to start開始 the treatment治療 until直到 Monday星期一.
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好讓他得以接受治療,一直到星期一
06:34
The hospital醫院 put him on a water drip for three days.
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醫院只是幫他吊了三天的點滴
06:39
And finally最後, we figured想通, well, OK,
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最後我們明白了,嗯
06:42
we'd星期三 better just try and take him to a public上市 hospital醫院.
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我們得帶他去公立醫院
06:44
At least最小 he'll地獄 get treated治療
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在那裡他至少可以得到治療
06:45
while we try to figure數字 out the money situation情況.
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當我們試圖解決財務上的困境
06:47
And he died死亡 when the ambulance救護車 was coming未來
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救護車來正趕來送他前往醫院時
06:49
to the hospital醫院 to take him.
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他過世了
06:52
And, you know, now, imagine想像 if -- and I could go on and on --
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嗯。想像一下如果...,我可以繼續說下去
06:57
imagine想像 if this is all you know about me.
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想像一下如果這就是你所認識的我
07:00
How would you look at me?
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你會怎麼看我
07:04
With pity可憐, you know. Sadness.
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帶著憐憫,或許還有哀傷
07:08
And this is how you look at Africa非洲.
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這就是大家怎麼看非洲的
07:11
This is the damage損傷 it causes原因.
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這就是它造成的傷痕
07:13
You don't see the other side of me.
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你不會看到我的另一面
07:15
You don't see the blogger博客,
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你不會知道我是一個部落客
07:16
you don't see the Harvard-educated哈佛畢業的 lawyer律師,
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也不會知道我是哈佛畢業的律師
07:18
the vibrant充滿活力 person, you know?
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一個有力量的人,明白嗎?
07:21
And I just wanted to personalize個性化 that.
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我只想要把此個人化
07:23
Because we talk about it in big terms條款,
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因為我們談論的是一個廣泛巨大的詞
07:25
and you wonder奇蹟, you know, so what?
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然後你想著,嗯,那又怎樣
07:28
But it's damaging有害.
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但它正在崩壞
07:31
And I'm not unique獨特, right?
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我並不是唯一的,是不是?
07:33
Imagine想像 if all you knew知道 about William威廉
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想像一下如果你所知道的威廉
07:35
was the fact事實 that he grew成長 up in a poor較差的 village.
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是住在一個貧窮的村落
07:38
And you didn't know about the windmill風車, you know?
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而你對那個磨坊一無所知,明白嗎?
07:41
And I was just moved移動.
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然後我剛剛才受到感動 --
07:43
I was actually其實 crying哭了 during his presentation介紹.
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我正因為他的演講而哭泣
07:46
He was like, I try and I make.
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他就像,我嘗試的並且我所做的
07:48
I was like Nike耐克 should hire聘請 him, you know, "Just do it!"
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我希望Nike雇用他,你知道的,『去做吧!』
07:51
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
07:54
And this is, again, the point I'm trying to make.
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這就是我想重申的論點
07:55
When you focus焦點 just on the disasters災害 --
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當你只專注在災難時
07:57
(Laughter笑聲) (Applause掌聲)
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(笑聲)(鼓掌)
08:08
-- we're ignoring無視 the potential潛在.
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我們忽視了潛在的可能
08:11
So, what is to be doneDONE?
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所以要怎麼做
08:15
First of all,
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首先
08:16
Africans非洲人, we need to get better at telling告訴 our stories故事.
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非洲人民們,我們必須要更精於訴說我們的故事
08:19
We heard聽說 about that yesterday昨天.
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昨天我們聽到的
08:21
We had some of them this morning早上.
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今天早晨我們保留一部分就好
08:23
And this is an example, you know,
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你知道
08:25
blogging寫博客 is one way of doing that.
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寫部落格是一個方法
08:27
AfrigatorAfrigator is an aggregator聚合 of African非洲人 blogs博客
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Afrigator是一個非洲的部落格平台
08:30
that was developed發達 in South Africa非洲.
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它是在南非被開發的
08:33
So we need to start開始 getting得到 better.
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所以我們必須要開始變好
08:34
If no one else其他 will tell our stories故事, let's do it.
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如果沒有人要說我們的故事,讓我們來說
08:37
And going back to the point I was trying to make,
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回到我剛剛想說的
08:38
this is the Swahili斯瓦希裡 Wikipedia維基百科.
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這是斯瓦希里語(非洲最多人說的語言)的維基百科
08:42
Swahili斯瓦希裡 is spoken by about 50 million百萬 people in East Africa非洲.
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斯瓦希里語在東非大約50萬人使用
08:46
It only has five contributors貢獻者.
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但卻只有五個貢獻撰寫者
08:49
Four of them are white白色 males男性 -- non-native非本地 speakers音箱.
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其中四個人是男性白人,完全沒有人有母語背景
08:53
The other person is -- NdesanjoNdesanjo, if you're here, stand up --
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第五個人是Ndesanjo, 如果你在場請起立 --
08:58
is a Tanzanian坦桑尼亞, [the] first Swahili斯瓦希裡 blogger博客.
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他是坦桑尼亞人,第一個斯瓦希里語的部落客
09:01
He's the only African非洲人 who's誰是 contributing貢獻 to this.
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他是唯一非洲藉的的貢獻撰寫者
09:04
People, please. We can't whine抱怨 and complain抱怨
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人們阿,拜託!我們不能夠再哭泣抱怨
09:08
the West西 is doing this.
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西方國家已經在進行了
09:09
What are we doing?
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而我們在做什麼呢?
09:12
Where are the rest休息 of the Swahili斯瓦希裡 speakers音箱?
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斯瓦希里語的發言者都跑到哪裡去了?
09:14
Why are we not generating發電 our own擁有 content內容?
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為什麼我們不能說說我們自己的故事呢?
09:16
You know, it's not enough足夠 to complain抱怨. We need to act法案.
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你知道,光抱怨是沒有用的,我們必須要做些什麼
09:20
Reuters路透社 now integrates整合 African非洲人 blogs博客
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路透社現在正在集結非洲的部落格
09:23
into their coverage覆蓋 of Africa非洲.
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成為他們非洲的訊息來源
09:25
So, that's a start開始,
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所以這是個開始
09:26
and we've我們已經 heard聽說 of all their other initiatives倡議.
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我們也聽聞了他們其它開創的舉動
09:29
The cheetah獵豹 generation.
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獵豹世代(指非洲的未來一代)
09:30
The aid援助 approach途徑, you know, is flawed有缺陷.
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這個資助行為,是有缺失的
09:34
And after all the hoopla喧鬧 of Live生活 8,
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在Live 8(貧窮運動)的喧鬧之後
09:36
we're still not anywhere隨地 in the picture圖片.
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在這塊版圖上依然不見我們蹤影
09:39
No, you're not.
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是的,沒有你。
09:41
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
09:53
But the point I'm trying to make, though雖然,
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但我想說的是
09:55
is that it's not enough足夠 for us to criticize批評.
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光只有評論是不夠的
09:59
And for those of you in the diaspora散居
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在遷徙流散中的你們
10:01
who are struggling奮鬥的 with where should I be,
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掙扎著何去何從
10:03
should I move移動 back,
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該般回去嗎
10:04
should I stay?
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或者繼續停留
10:05
You know, just jump.
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嗯,行動就對了
10:07
The continent大陸 needs需求 you.
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這塊大陸需要你
10:10
And I can't emphasize注重 that enough足夠, you know.
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我得過分強調,你知道的
10:12
I walked away from a job工作 with one of the top最佳 firms公司 in D.C.,
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我從華盛頓特區最頂尖的事務所辭職了
10:17
Covington科文頓 and Burling修布, six figures人物.
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卡溫頓和布林,六位數
10:19
With two paychecks領工資, or three paychecks領工資,
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兩份或三份薪水
10:21
I could solve解決 a lot of my family's家庭的 problems問題.
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我可以解決家裡的問題
10:24
But I walked away from that, because my passion was here,
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但我離開那裏,因為我知道我志向於此
10:28
and because I wanted to do things that were fulfilling履行.
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因為我想做一些事情是有意義的
10:31
And because I'm needed需要 here, you know?
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因為這裡需要我,了解嗎
10:35
I probably大概 can win贏得 a prize for the most ways方法
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在很多方面或許我可能會獲獎
10:38
to use a Harvard哈佛 Law School學校 degree
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因為我有哈佛法學院的學位
10:40
because of all the things I'm doing.
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因為所有我做的這些事
10:42
One is because I'm pretty漂亮 aggressive侵略性,
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其一是我非常的積極
10:43
and I try and find, you know, opportunities機會.
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我極力尋找機會
10:46
But there is such這樣 a need, you know?
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但這裡有這樣的一個需要,了解嗎?
10:49
I'm a corporate企業 lawyer律師 most of the time
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我平常是一個企業律師
10:50
for an organization組織 called EnablisEnablis
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在一個叫做Enablis的機構
10:52
that supports支持 entrepreneurs企業家 in South Africa非洲.
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那裡資助從南非來的企業家
10:55
We're now moving移動 into East Africa非洲.
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我們現在往東非移動
10:58
And we give them business商業 development發展 services服務,
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我們提供商業發展的服務
11:01
as well as financing融資 loan貸款 and equity公平.
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和財務貸款與投資入股
11:05
I've also set up a project項目 in Kenya肯尼亞,
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我也在肯亞設置了一個計畫
11:07
and what we do is we track跟踪 the performance性能
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我們所做的是追蹤肯亞國會議員(MP)
11:09
of Kenyan肯尼亞 MPs國會議員.
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的表現
11:10
My partner夥伴, M, who's誰是 a tech高科技 guru領袖, hacked砍死 WordPressWordPress的.
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我有個科技技術一流的夥伴,駭進了WordPress(部落格平台)
11:14
It costs成本 us, like, 20 dollars美元 a month just for hosting託管.
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主機費用一個月大概20美元
11:16
Everything else其他 on there is a labor勞動 of love.
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其他的都是發自於內心喜愛而自願做的
11:20
We've我們已經 manually手動 entered進入 all the data數據 there.
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我們自己取得了所有的資料
11:22
And you can get profiles型材 of each MPMP,
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你可以得到每個國會議員(MP)的檔案
11:25
questions問題 they've他們已經 asked in parliament議會.
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他們在國會中問的問題
11:27
We have a comment評論 function功能,
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我們有個評論功能
11:29
where people can ask their MPs國會議員 questions問題.
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在那裡人們可以詢問議員問題
11:31
There are some MPs國會議員 who participate參加,
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有些議員有參與
11:33
and come back and ask.
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並且回來與發問
11:34
And basically基本上, we started開始 this because we were tired
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基本上我們開始做這些,是因為我們厭倦了
11:36
of complaining抱怨的 about our politicians政治家.
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對於政客的抱怨
11:39
You know, I believe that accountability問責 stems from demand需求.
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嗯,我相信當責是需要被要求的
11:42
You're not just going to be accountable問責
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你並不只是對你的良心
11:44
out of the goodness善良 of your heart.
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負責就好
11:45
And we as Africans非洲人 need to start開始 challenging具有挑戰性的 our leaders領導者.
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而我們身為非洲人民需要開始質詢我們的在上位者
11:48
What are they doing?
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他們在做什麼
11:50
You know, they're not going to change更改
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了解嗎?他們並沒有要改變
11:51
just out of nowhere無處.
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一點都沒有
11:53
So we need new policies政策, we need --
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所以我們需要新政策,我們需要
11:55
where's哪裡 that coming未來 from, you know?
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這是從哪裡來的,了解嗎?
11:57
Another另一個 thing is that these leaders領導者
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其二是,這些在上位者
11:59
are a reflection反射 of our society社會.
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是我們社會的一個倒影
12:02
We talk about African非洲人 governments政府
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我們談論非洲政府時
12:04
like they've他們已經 been dropped下降 from Mars火星, you know?
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就像他們被扔到火星一樣,了解嗎?
12:07
They come from us.
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他們也是我們自身
12:09
And what is it about our society社會 that is generating發電 leaders領導者 that we don't like?
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是我們社會的樣貌產生我們不喜愛的領袖
12:13
And how can we change更改 that?
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我們要怎樣改變這個呢
12:15
So MzalendoMzalendo was one small way we thought we could start開始
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Mzalendo(監督肯亞議員網站)是我們可以起步的一條小逕
12:19
inspiring鼓舞人心 people to start開始 holding保持 their leaders領導者 accountable問責.
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讓人民開始監督在上位者的論述
12:23
Where do we go from here?
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我們可以往哪呢?
12:25
I believe in the power功率 of ideas思路.
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我相信信念的力量
12:27
I believe in the power功率 of sharing分享 knowledge知識.
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我相信知識共享的力量
12:29
And I'd ask all of you, when you leave離開 here, please just share分享,
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我想請求你們,當你離開這裡的時候,請與他人分享
12:34
and keep the ideas思路 that you've gotten得到 out of here going,
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並且記住你在這裡所產生的想法
12:37
because it can make a difference區別.
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因為它是可以有所不同的
12:40
The other thing I want to urge敦促 you to do
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另外我想要你做的另一件事是
12:42
is take an interest利益 in the individual個人.
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對他人付出關懷
12:45
I've had lots of conversations對話 about things I think
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我已經談論過許多需要在
12:48
need to be happening事件 in Africa非洲.
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非洲被實踐的想法
12:50
People are like, "OK, if you don't do aid援助,
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人們傾向於-- 好,如果你不幫忙
12:52
I'm a bleeding流血的 heart liberal自由主義的, what can I do?"
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我是一個心軟的民主主義者,我可以做什麼?
12:55
And when I talk about my ideas思路, they're like,
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當我談論我的想法時,他們總是,
12:56
"BButBBut it's not scalable可擴展性, you know.
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但這是不能被比較的,了解嗎?
12:58
Give me something I can do with Paypal貝寶."
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給我一些用Paypal就可以做的
13:00
It's not that easy簡單, you know?
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這不容易,你知道嗎?
13:02
And sometimes有時 just taking服用 an interest利益 in the individual個人,
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有時只對個人付出關心
13:06
in the fellows研究員 you've met會見, and the businesspeople生意人 you've met會見,
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對你所遇見的人付出關懷,或者你認識的商人
13:09
it can make a huge巨大 difference區別, especially特別 in Africa非洲,
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這可以大有不同的,尤其是在非洲
13:11
because usually平時 the individual個人 in Africa非洲
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因為在非洲的個人
13:13
carries攜帶 a lot of people behind背後 them.
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背後都有更大的一群人
13:15
Practically幾乎. I mean, when I was a first-year第一年 student學生 in law school學校,
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實際上,我指,當我在法學院的第一年
13:20
my mom's媽媽的 business商業 had collapsed倒塌, so I was supporting支持 her.
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我母親的生意倒閉了,所以我必須要扶養她
13:24
My sister妹妹 was struggling奮鬥的 to get through通過 undergrad本科生.
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我妹妹掙扎完成大學學位
13:26
I was helping幫助 her pay工資 her tuition學費.
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我幫忙她負擔學費
13:28
My cousin表姐 ran out of school學校 fees費用, and she's really smart聰明.
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我堂妹付不出學費,但她很聰明
13:31
I was paying付款 her school學校 fees費用.
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我幫她負擔她的學費
13:32
A cousin表姐 of mine died死亡 of AIDS艾滋病, left an orphan孤兒,
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我的一位表兄死於愛滋,有個遺孤
13:35
so we said, well, what are we going to do with her?
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所以我們討論,她要何去何從
13:37
You know, she's now my baby寶寶 sister妹妹.
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嗯,她現在變成了我親愛的小妹
13:39
And because of the opportunities機會 that were afforded提供 to me,
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因為這些在我面前眾多的機會
13:41
I am able能夠 to lift電梯 all those people.
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我才能夠照顧起這些人
13:43
So, don't underestimate低估 that.
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所以不要輕忽這些
13:47
An example. This man changed my life.
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另外一個例子,一個改變我生命的男人
13:49
He's a professor教授. He's now at Vanderbilt范德比爾特.
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他是一個教授,現在在范德比特大學
13:51
He's an undergrad本科生 professor教授, Mitchell米切爾 SeligsonSeligson.
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他是一個本科教授,Mitchell Seligson
13:54
And because of him, I got into Harvard哈佛 Law School學校,
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因為他我才能夠進哈佛
13:56
because he took an interest利益.
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因為他付出關心
13:57
I was taking服用 a class of his, and he was just like,
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我當時修他的課,而他就像,
14:01
this is an overeager過於心急 student學生,
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這是一個過於有野心的學生
14:03
which哪一個 we don't normally一般 get in the United聯合的 States狀態,
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這種人在美國並不常見
14:05
because everyone大家 else其他 is cynical憤世嫉俗的 and jaded厭倦.
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因為大家都是自私自立並且精疲力盡
14:09
He called me to his office辦公室 and said,
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他把我叫進他的辦公室並且說
14:10
"What do you want to do when you grow增長 up?"
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你長大後想做什麼
14:11
I said, "I want to be a lawyer律師."
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我說,我想成為一名律師
14:12
And he was like, "Why? You know,
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然後他疑惑著,為什麼?
14:15
we don't need another另一個 lawyer律師 in the United聯合的 States狀態."
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在美國我們不需要再多一名律師
14:17
And he tried試著 to talk me out of it,
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他試圖要告訴我這點
14:19
but it was like, "OK, I know nothing about applying應用 to law school學校,
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但就像,好,我一點都不知道要怎麼樣才能進法學院
14:22
I'm poli-sci波利-SCI Ph博士.D.
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我是一個國際關係的博士
14:23
But, you know, let's figure數字 out what I need you to do,
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但是,讓我們想想你需要做什麼
14:27
what I need to do to help you out."
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我需要做些什麼才能幫助你
14:28
It was like, "Where do you want to go?"
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這就像,你想要做些什麼?
14:30
And to me at that time university大學 --
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對我而言那時是上大學
14:31
I was at University大學 of Pitts皮茨 for undergrad本科生,
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我那時候準備要到匹茲堡大學就讀
14:33
and that was like heaven天堂, OK,
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而這就像天堂,嗯,
14:35
because compared相比 to what could have been in Kenya肯尼亞.
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因為可能跟在肯亞發生的事情做了比較
14:37
So I'm like, "Yeah, I'm just applying應用 to Pitt皮特 for law school學校."
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所以我就,嗯,我剛申請了匹茲堡大學的法學院
14:40
He was like, "Why? You know, you're smart聰明,
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他就一臉疑惑,為什麼?你知道嗎?你很聰明
14:42
you have all these things going for you."
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妳具備所有條件阿
14:44
And I'm like, "Because I'm here and it's cheap低廉,
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然後我就嗯,因為我在這裡,而且它很便宜
14:46
and you know, I kind of like Pittsburgh匹茲堡."
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嗯,我也有點喜歡匹茲堡
14:49
Like, that's the dumbest最愚蠢的 reason原因 I've ever heard聽說
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喜歡!這真是我聽過要申請進法學院
14:51
for applying應用 to law school學校.
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最愚蠢的理由了
14:53
And, you know, so he took me under his wing翅膀, and he encouraged鼓勵 me.
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嗯,所以他把我納入他的羽翼下,鼓勵我
14:57
And he said, "Look, you can get into Harvard哈佛,
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然後他說,妳看,妳可以進哈佛的
14:59
you're that good, OK?
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妳是這麼棒,好嗎?
15:00
And if they don't admit承認 you, they're the ones那些 who are messed搞砸 up."
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如果他們不認同妳,他們才是搞砸的那方
15:05
And he built內置 me up, you know?
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他幫助我成長許多,
15:07
And this is just an illustration插圖.
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這只是其中一個例子
15:09
You can meet遇到 other individuals個人 here.
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你也可以在這裡遇到其他人
15:11
We just need a push.
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我們只需要被推一把
15:12
That's all I needed需要 was a push to go to the next下一個 level水平.
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我所需要的只是把我往前推一步
15:18
Basically基本上, I want to end結束 with my vision視力 for Africa非洲, you know?
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基本上我想要以我對非洲的想像作結
15:25
A gentleman紳士 spoke yesterday昨天 about the indignity侮辱
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一位紳士昨天談論關於我們必須要
15:27
of us having to leave離開 the continent大陸
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離開非洲這塊大陸的恥辱
15:32
so that we can fulfill履行 our potential潛在.
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因此我們可以滿足我們的潛能
15:35
You know, my vision視力 is that my daughter女兒,
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嗯,我的想像是我女兒
15:37
and any other African非洲人 child兒童 being存在 born天生 today今天,
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或者是非洲的孩童
15:41
can be whoever they want to be here,
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在非洲都能夠做他們想做的
15:45
without having to leave離開.
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而不用遠離家門
15:47
And they can have the possibility可能性 of transcending超越
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而他們也擁有超越他們所在
15:51
the circumstances情況 under which哪一個 they were born天生.
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環境的可能
15:54
That's one thing you Americans美國人 take for granted理所當然, you know?
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這是你們美國人視為理所當然的,嗯
15:57
That you can grow增長 up, you know, not so good circumstances情況,
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你成長的環境,並非如此完善
16:01
and you can move移動.
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你可以遠離
16:04
Just because you are born天生 in rural鄉村 Arkansas阿肯色州, whatever隨你,
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只是因為你生在阿肯色州的農村或其他地方
16:08
that doesn't define確定 who you are.
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這並不會界定你是誰
16:09
For most Africans非洲人 today今天, where you live生活, or where you were born天生,
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但對大多數的非洲人而言,你住哪裡或者你於哪裡出生
16:15
and the circumstances情況 under which哪一個 you were born天生,
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或者你在哪個環境下出生
16:18
determine確定 the rest休息 of your life.
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則會決定了你的下半生
16:20
I would like to see that change更改,
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我想要見證這些改變
16:22
and the change更改 starts啟動 with us.
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而改變從我們開始
16:24
And as Africans非洲人, we need to take responsibility責任 for our continent大陸.
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身為一個非洲人民,我們必須對這塊土地負起責任
16:28
Thank you.
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謝謝
16:29
(Applause掌聲)
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(鼓掌)
Translated by Leslie Liu
Reviewed by Shelley Krishna R. TSANG

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ory Okolloh - Blogger and activist
Ory Okolloh maintains the blog Mzalendo, providing an unprecedented look at the doings of Kenya's parliament -- information once unavailable to Kenyan citizens.

Why you should listen

Ory Okolloh is a blogger and open-government activist. She runs Mzalendo, a pioneering civic website that tracks the performance of Kenya's Parliament and its Parliamentarians. With a vote tracker, articles and opinion pieces, the site connects Kenyans to their leaders and opens the lid on this powerful and once-secretive body. (This is a Parliament that finally agreed to have its procedings televised in August 2008.)

Okolloh's own blog is called Kenyan Pundit, and it tracks her work with Mzalendo and her other efforts as part of the rebuilding of Kenya, following the post-election violence in late 2007 (she collected a powerful series of diaries of the violence, dozens of essays from Kenyans and others -- well worth a read).

Okolloh is part of a wave of young Africans who are using the power of blogging, SMS and web-enabled openness to push their countries forward and help Africans to truly connect. Tools like Ushahidi help to link a people whose tribal differences, as Okolloh points out again and again, are often cynically exploited by a small group of leaders. Only by connecting Africans can this cycle be broken.

More profile about the speaker
Ory Okolloh | Speaker | TED.com