ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2010

Chris Anderson: How web video powers global innovation

Chris Anderson: 線上影片如何驅動創新

Filmed:
1,765,641 views

TED 的 Chris Anderson 說,網絡影片正在形成一個現象,他稱之為「群眾加速的創新」-- 一個可以比擬於印刷術大發明的自發性學習循環;然而,啟動它的方法在於,組織機構必須採取全面的開放。對 TED 來說,這意謂著一個即將出現的新篇章......
- TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

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If nothing else其他, at least最小 I've discovered發現
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如果不出意外,
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what it is we put our speakers音箱 through通過:
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至少我已發現我們加諸於我們演講人身上的東西:
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sweaty出汗 palms手掌, sleepless無眠 nights,
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手心出汗、無法入睡的夜晚
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a wholly unnatural不自然 fear恐懼 of clocks時鐘.
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對時鐘一種完全不自然的恐懼
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I mean, it's quite相當 brutal野蠻.
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我的意思是,這挺殘酷的
00:29
And I'm also a little nervous緊張 about this.
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我也對這有點緊張
00:33
There are nine billion十億 humans人類 coming未來 our way.
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九億人來到我們這
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Now, the most optimistic樂觀 dreams
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現在,最樂觀的夢想
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can get dented by the prospect展望
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會被全球的
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of people plundering掠奪 the planet行星.
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人口增長踏扁
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But recently最近, I've become成為 intrigued好奇
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但最近,我對那巨大人群有了
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by a different不同 way of thinking思維 of large human人的 crowds人群,
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感到不同的想法和興趣
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because there are circumstances情況
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因為在這些情況中
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where they can do something really cool.
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他們可以做些真正有意思的事
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It's a phenomenon現象 that I think
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我想這是一個現象
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any organization組織 or individual個人 can tap龍頭 into.
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任何組織或個人都可以進入
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It certainly當然 impacted影響 the way we think about TED'sTED的 future未來,
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它確實影響了我們思考關於 TED 未來的方式、
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and perhaps也許 the world's世界 future未來 overall總體.
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或這整個世界的未來
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So, let's explore探索.
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所以,讓我們一起探索吧
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The story故事 starts啟動 with just a single person,
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故事開始於一個人
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a child兒童, behaving行為 a little strangely奇怪.
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一個孩子,行為有點古怪的孩子
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This kid孩子 is known已知 online線上 as Lil Demon惡魔.
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這孩子 Lil Demon 在網路上躥紅
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He's doing tricks技巧 here, dance舞蹈 tricks技巧,
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他正在秀一些舞技
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that probably大概 no six-year-old六十歲 in history歷史 ever managed管理 before.
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歷史上,大概從來沒有一個六歲小孩可以做出這些動作吧
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How did he learn學習 them?
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他是怎麼學會的?
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And what drove開車 him to spend the hundreds數以百計 of hours小時 of practice實踐
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什麽樣的動力使他
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this must必須 have taken採取?
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必須花上幾百個小時練成這樣?
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Here's這裡的 a clue線索.
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這裡有個線索
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(Video視頻) Lil Demon惡魔: ♫ Step your game遊戲 up. Oh. Oh. ♫
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(影片)Lil Demon: ♫ Step your game up. Oh. Oh. ♫
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Step your game遊戲 up. Oh. Oh. ♫
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♫ Step your game up. Oh. Oh. ♫
01:36
Chris克里斯 Anderson安德森: So, that was sent發送 to me by this man,
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Chris Anderson: 所以,是這個人寄給我的
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a filmmaker電影製片人, Jonathan喬納森 Chu,
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電影工作者朱浩偉 (Jonathan Chu)
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who told me that was the moment時刻 he realized實現
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他告訴我,那一刻他明白了
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the Internet互聯網 was causing造成 dance舞蹈 to evolve發展.
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網際網路正在促使舞蹈演化
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This is what he said at TEDTED in February二月.
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這是二月時他在 TED 所說的
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In essence本質,
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本質上
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dancers舞者 were challenging具有挑戰性的 each other online線上 to get better;
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舞者在網上彼此較量,讓自己變得更好
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incredible難以置信 new dance舞蹈 skills技能 were being存在 invented發明;
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發明新的難以置信的舞技
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even the six-year-olds六歲的孩子 were joining加盟 in.
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甚至連六歲的兒童都加入
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It felt like a revolution革命.
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就像革命
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And so Jon喬恩 had a brilliant輝煌 idea理念:
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於是 John 有個絕妙的想法
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He went out to recruit the best最好 of the best最好 dancers舞者
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他跑去徵求在 YouTube 上
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off of YouTubeYouTube的
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最最傑出的舞者
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to create創建 this dance舞蹈 troupe劇團 --
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成立這個舞蹈團隊 --
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The League聯盟 of Extraordinary非凡 Dancers舞者, the LXDLXD.
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"超舞聯盟" (The League of Extraordinary Dancers, the LXD)
02:14
I mean, these kids孩子 were web-taught網上授課,
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我指的是,這些孩子是網絡教出來的
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but they were so good that they got to play at the Oscars奧斯卡 this year.
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但他們竟然好到可以參加今年的奧斯卡演出
02:20
And at TEDTED here in February二月,
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這是在二月時的 TED
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their passion and brilliance just took our breath呼吸 away.
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他們的天才熱情實在教人屏息
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So, this story故事
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所以,這個關於
02:28
of the evolution演化 of dance舞蹈
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舞蹈的演化故事
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seems似乎 strangely奇怪 familiar.
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似乎有點怪異又親切
02:32
You know, a while after TEDTalksTED演講 started開始 taking服用 off,
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你們知道嗎,在 TEDTalks 剛開始不久
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we noticed注意到 that speakers音箱
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我們注意到
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were starting開始 to spend a lot more time in preparation製備.
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講者開始花許多時間準備
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It was resulting造成 in incredible難以置信 new talks會談 like these two.
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後來促成一些非比尋常的演說,比如這兩個
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... Months of preparation製備
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準備許多個月
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crammed臨時抱佛腳 into 18 minutes分鐘,
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濃縮於短短 18 分鐘
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raising提高 the bar酒吧 cruelly殘酷 for the next下一個 generation of speakers音箱,
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殘酷地為下一代的演說者提高標準
02:50
with the effects效果 that we've我們已經 seen看到 this week.
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我們這一星期見到了成效
02:52
It's not as if J.J. and Jill吉爾
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雖然不大像 J.J. 和 Jill
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actually其實 ended結束 their talks會談 saying, "Step your game遊戲 up,"
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在演說中的總結: 「舞力全開吧!」
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but they might威力 as well have.
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但他們應該也使盡了全力
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So, in both of these cases,
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所以,在這兩個例子中
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you've got these cycles週期 of improvement起色,
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你們見到進步的循環
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apparently顯然地 driven驅動
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很明顯地,是由於
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by people watching觀看 web捲筒紙 video視頻.
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人們觀看網路影片使然
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What is going on here?
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這裡發生了什麽事?
03:10
Well, I think it's the latest最新 iteration迭代 of a phenomenon現象 we can call
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嗯,我想最近頻繁發生的現象,我們可以稱之為
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"crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新."
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「群眾加速的創新」
03:17
And there are just three things you need for this thing to kick into gear齒輪.
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只要擁有三種東西,你就可以使它轉動
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You can think of them
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你們可以把它們想像為
03:22
as three dials錶盤 on a giant巨人 wheel.
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三個巨大轉輪
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You turn up the dials錶盤, the wheel starts啟動 to turn.
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一旦啟動,輪子便開始旋轉
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And the first thing you need is ... a crowd人群,
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而你所需的第一件東西是......人群
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a group of people who share分享 a common共同 interest利益.
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分享共同利益的一群人
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The bigger the crowd人群,
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人群愈大
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the more potential潛在 innovators創新 there are.
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潛在的創新者就愈多
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That's important重要, but actually其實 most people in the crowd人群
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那很重要,但事實上,大多數的人群
03:39
occupy佔據 these other roles角色.
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佔有這些其他角色
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They're creating創建 the ecosystem生態系統
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他們正在創造一個
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from which哪一個 innovation革新 emerges出現.
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使創新得以浮現的生態系統
03:46
The second第二 thing you need is light.
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第二個你所需要具備的東西是 光
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You need clear明確, open打開 visibility能見度
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你需要明亮、大家都可見到的空間
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of what the best最好 people in that crowd人群 are capable of,
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使那群眾中最傑出的人得以擁有能力
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because that is how you will learn學習
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因為你可以從中學習
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how you will be empowered授權 to participate參加.
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學習如何參與其中
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And third第三, you need desire慾望.
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第三,你需要慾望
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You know, innovation's創新的 hard work.
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你知道,創新是困難的工作
04:02
It's based基於 on hundreds數以百計 of hours小時 of research研究, of practice實踐.
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它是建立於上百小時的研究與訓練
04:05
Absent缺席 desire慾望, not going to happen發生.
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少了慾望,什麽都不會發生
04:08
Now, here's這裡的 an example -- pre-Internet預上網 --
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現在,這裡有一個例子 -- 網路世代前 --
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of this machine in action行動.
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機器是這麼運作的
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Dancers舞者 at a street corner --
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舞者在街角 --
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it's a crowd人群, a small one,
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這是一群人,一小群人
04:16
but they can all obviously明顯 see what each other can do.
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但所有人都可以清楚地看見每個人的動作
04:19
And the desire慾望 part部分 comes, I guess猜測,
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慾望來自於,我猜,
04:21
from social社會 status狀態, right?
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來自於社會地位,是吧?
04:23
Best最好 dancer舞蹈家 walks散步 tall, gets得到 the best最好 date日期.
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最好的舞者趾高氣昂,獲得最好的約會
04:26
There's probably大概 going to be some innovation革新 happening事件 here.
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這裡肯定有某些創新發生吧
04:29
But on the web捲筒紙,
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但是,在網路上
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all three dials錶盤 are ratcheted棘輪 right up.
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所有的齒輪扣合在一起
04:33
The dance舞蹈 community社區 is now global全球.
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舞蹈的社群如今已躍上全球
04:35
There's millions百萬 connected連接的.
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幾百萬個連結
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And amazingly令人驚訝,
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多麼令人驚異
04:39
you can still see what the best最好 can do,
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你仍然可以看到最棒的人的舞技
04:42
because the crowd人群 itself本身 shines a light on them,
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因為人群照亮了他們
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either directly, through通過 comments註釋, ratings評級,
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不是直接透過評論、評分、
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email電子郵件, FacebookFacebook的, Twitter推特,
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Email, Facebook, Twitter
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or indirectly間接,
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就是間接地
04:52
through通過 numbers數字 of views意見,
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透過觀看的次數
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through通過 links鏈接 that point Google谷歌 there.
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透過 Google 連結
04:56
So, it's easy簡單 to find the good stuff東東,
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在 Google 搜尋東西是很容易的
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and when you've found發現 it, you can watch it in close-up特寫 repeatedly反复
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當你找到時,你可以近距離反復觀看它
05:00
and read what hundreds數以百計 of people have written書面 about it.
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而且讀到上百人寫下的評論
05:03
That's a lot of light.
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那是偌大的光
05:05
But the desire慾望 element元件
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但慾望的成份
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is really dialed撥打 way up.
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真正使輪轉動
05:11
I mean, you might威力 just be a kid孩子 with a webcam攝像頭,
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我的意思是,也許你只是電腦有視訊的小孩
05:14
but if you can do something that goes viral病毒,
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但如果你可以做什麽超級絕妙的事的話
05:17
you get to be seen看到 by the equivalent當量
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觀看你的群眾
05:19
of sports體育 stadiums體育場館 crammed臨時抱佛腳 with people.
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就會有如一座擠滿人的巨型體育場
05:22
You get hundreds數以百計 of strangers陌生人 writing寫作 excitedly勃然 about you.
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會有上百人興奮地寫著你
05:25
And even if it's not that eloquent雄辯 -- and it's not --
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甚至,如果並不是特愛表現的話
05:28
it can still really make your day.
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這仍然可以讓你感到快樂
05:32
So, this possibility可能性
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因此,這個全球認可的
05:34
of a new type類型 of global全球 recognition承認,
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可能性
05:37
I think, is driving主動 huge巨大 amounts of effort功夫.
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我想,正促使大量的努力
05:41
And it's important重要 to note注意 that it's not just the stars明星 who are benefiting受益:
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尤其重要的是,並不是只有明星得益:
05:44
because you can see the best最好, everyone大家 can learn學習.
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因為,你能看到最好的,每個人都可學習
05:47
Also, the system系統 is self-fueling自供燃料.
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這個系統也是自發的
05:50
It's the crowd人群 that shines the light and fuels燃料 the desire慾望,
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人群發光閃亮,注入慾望
05:53
but the light and desire慾望 are a lethal致命 one-two一二 combination組合
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但光芒和慾望是致命的兩組結合
05:56
that attract吸引 new people to the crowd人群.
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它們引來新人,加入群眾
05:59
So, this is a model模型
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所以,這是一個模式
06:01
that pretty漂亮 much any organization組織 could use
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任何組織都可藉此
06:03
to try and nurture培育 its own擁有 cycle週期
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試圖豐富它們自己的
06:05
of crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新.
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群眾加速循環
06:08
Invite邀請 the crowd人群, let in the light,
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邀請人群,注入光芒
06:11
dial撥號 up the desire慾望.
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使慾望運轉
06:13
And the hardest最難 part部分 about that is probably大概 the light,
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這一部份中,最困難之處,大概就是光了
06:16
because it means手段 you have to open打開 up,
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因為,那意謂著你必須放開心胸
06:18
you have to show顯示 your stuff東東 to the world世界.
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你必須展示你的東西給全世界
06:23
It's by giving away what you think is your deepest最深 secret秘密
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展示出你認為最深的秘密
06:26
that maybe millions百萬 of people
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使上百萬人
06:28
are empowered授權 to help improve提高 it.
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都被賦予這個能力,幫助彼此進步
06:30
And, very happily高高興興, there's one class of people
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而且,快樂的是,有一群階級的人
06:32
who really can't make use of this tool工具.
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無法使用這項工具
06:35
The dark黑暗 side of the web捲筒紙
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網絡黑暗的一面
06:37
is allergic過敏的 to the light.
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對光照過敏
06:39
I don't think we're going to see terrorists恐怖分子, for example,
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比如說,我不認為我們可以看到恐怖份子,
06:41
publishing出版 their plans計劃 online線上 and saying to the world世界,
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把他們的計劃公佈在網上,然後向全世界說:
06:43
"Please, could you help us to actually其實
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「請你幫幫我們
06:45
make them work this time?"
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搞定這些?」
06:47
But you can publish發布 your stuff東東 online線上.
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但你可以在網上發佈自己的東西
06:50
And if you can get that wheel to turn,
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只要你可以使輪子轉動
06:52
look out.
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看看!
06:54
So, at TEDTED,
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所以在 TED
06:56
we've我們已經 become成為 a little obsessed痴迷 with this idea理念 of openness透明度.
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我們變得有點執迷於開放性的想法
06:59
In fact事實, my colleague同事, June六月 Cohen科恩, has taken採取 to calling調用 it "radical激進 openness透明度,"
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事實上,我的同事 June Cohen 將它稱為「基進開放性(radical openness)」
07:02
because it works作品 for us each time.
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因為對我們來說,每次都有用
07:05
We opened打開 up our talks會談 to the world世界,
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我們將演說開放給全世界
07:07
and suddenly突然 there are millions百萬 of people out there
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突然間,上百萬的人出現了
07:09
helping幫助 spread傳播 our speakers'音箱“ ideas思路,
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幫助傳播講者的思維意念
07:11
and thereby從而 making製造 it easier更輕鬆 for us
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於是也使我們變得較易於
07:13
to recruit and motivate刺激 the next下一個 generation of speakers音箱.
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號召、鼓舞下一代的演講人
07:16
By opening開盤 up our translation翻譯 program程序,
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透過開放翻譯計劃
07:18
thousands數千 of heroic英勇 volunteers志願者 --
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上千位勇敢的義工 --
07:20
some of them watching觀看 online線上 right now, and thank you! --
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有些人現在正在網上看著。謝謝你們!
07:23
have translated翻譯 our talks會談
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將我們的演說
07:25
into more than 70 languages語言,
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譯成七十多種語言
07:27
thereby從而 tripling三倍 our viewership收視率 in non-English-speaking非英語為母語 countries國家.
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使我們在非英語系國家的點閱率成長三倍
07:30
By giving away our TEDx的TEDx brand,
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藉由授予我們的 TEDx 品牌
07:33
we suddenly突然 have a thousand-plus千加
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我們突然擁有了上千個
07:36
live生活 experiments實驗 in the art藝術 of spreading傳播 ideas思路.
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以宣傳想法為概念出發的現場實驗
07:39
And these organizers組織者,
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這些組織者
07:41
they're seeing眼看 each other, they're learning學習 from each other.
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也看得見彼此,向彼此學習
07:44
We are learning學習 from them.
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我們向他們學習
07:46
We're getting得到 great talks會談 back from them.
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我們反過來從他們那裡得到許多很棒的演說
07:48
The wheel is turning車削.
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輪子正在轉動著
07:50
Okay, step back a minute分鐘.
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好吧,退一分鐘
07:52
I mean, it's really not news新聞 for me to tell you
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我的意思是,這已不是新鮮事了:
07:55
that innovation革新 emerges出現 out of groups.
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創新發生於團體
07:57
You know, we've我們已經 heard聽說 that this week --
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你們知道,我們在這星期已聽到 --
07:59
this romantic浪漫 notion概念 of the lone孤單 genius天才
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一個孤獨天才的浪漫概念
08:01
with the "eureka尤里卡!" moment時刻 that changes變化 the world世界
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他說,那改變世界的「發現」時刻
08:04
is misleading誤導.
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是錯誤的
08:06
Even he said that, and he would know.
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就算他這麼說,他也會知道
08:09
We're a social社會 species種類.
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我們是社群的物種
08:11
We spark火花 off each other.
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我們引領彼此
08:13
It's also not news新聞
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網絡加速創新
08:15
to say that the Internet互聯網 has accelerated加速 innovation革新.
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也早已不是新聞
08:18
For the past過去 15 years年份,
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過去十五年來
08:20
powerful強大 communities社區 have been connecting online線上,
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強大的社群已連結上網
08:22
sparking火花 off each other.
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互相領導對方
08:24
If you take programmers程序員,
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拿程式設計師來說吧
08:26
you know, the whole整個 open-source開源 movement運動
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你們知道,整個開放原始碼運動
08:29
is a fantastic奇妙 instance of crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新.
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就是一個群眾加速創新的絕佳例子
08:32
But what's key here is,
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但關鍵之處在於
08:34
the reason原因 these groups have been able能夠 to connect
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這些團體能夠連結在一起
08:37
is because their work output產量 is of the type類型
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是因為他們的工作成果
08:39
that can be easily容易 shared共享 digitally數字 --
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可以輕易地數位化分享
08:42
a picture圖片, a music音樂 file文件,
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照片、音樂檔案、
08:45
software軟件.
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以及軟體
08:48
And that's why what I'm excited興奮 about,
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那便是我爲什麽會感到興奮的原因
08:50
and what I think is under-reported下報,
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而我認為,這一波線上影片
08:53
is the significance意義 of the rise上升
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出現的重要性
08:55
of online線上 video視頻.
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被低估了
08:57
This is the technology技術
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這是一個能夠數位化地分享
09:00
that's going to allow允許 the rest休息 of the world's世界 talents人才 to be shared共享 digitally數字,
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全世界天才稟賦的一項新科技
09:03
thereby從而 launching發射 a whole整個 new cycle週期
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它正在開啟可一個全新的
09:05
of crowd-accelerated人群加速 innovation革新.
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群眾加速創新的循環
09:08
The first few少數 years年份 of the web捲筒紙
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網絡剛開始的最初幾年
09:10
were pretty漂亮 much video-free視頻 - 免費,
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沒有什麽線上影片
09:12
for this reason原因: video視頻 files are huge巨大; the web捲筒紙 couldn't不能 handle處理 them.
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原因是: 影片檔太大了,網絡無法處理
09:15
But in the last 10 years年份,
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但最近十年來
09:17
bandwidth帶寬 has exploded爆炸 a hundredfold百倍.
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頻寬擴大百倍
09:20
Suddenly突然, here we are.
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突然間,我們就在這了
09:22
Humanity人性 watches手錶 80 million百萬 hours小時 of YouTubeYouTube的 every一切 day.
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在 YouTube 上,每天每小時有八千萬人觀看影片
09:25
Cisco思科 actually其實 estimates估計 that, within four years年份,
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Cisco 實際上估計,四年內
09:28
more than 90 percent百分 of the web's網絡的 data數據 will be video視頻.
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超過 90% 的網絡內容將是影片
09:32
If it's all puppies小狗, pornA片 and piracy海盜行為,
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如果全是小狗、色情、和盜版作品的話
09:34
we're doomed注定.
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我們就完了
09:36
I don't think it will be.
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我不認為會這樣
09:38
Video視頻 is high-bandwidth高帶寬 for a reason原因.
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影片佔據大量頻寬是有原因的
09:41
It packs a huge巨大 amount of data數據,
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它包含大量的數據
09:44
and our brains大腦 are uniquely獨特地 wired有線 to decode解碼 it.
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而我們的頭腦擁有獨特的解碼能力
09:47
Here, let me introduce介紹 you to Sam山姆 Haber哈伯.
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讓我在這裡向各位介紹 Sam Haber
09:50
He's a unicyclistunicyclist.
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他是個單輪車騎士
09:52
Before YouTubeYouTube的,
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在 YouTube 風行以前
09:54
there was no way for him to discover發現
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他無法發現
09:56
his sport's體育 true真正 potential潛在,
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他的運動的真正潛力
09:58
because you can't communicate通信 this stuff東東 in words, right?
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畢竟你無法以文字表達這玩意,不是嗎?
10:01
But looking at video視頻 clips剪輯 posted發布 by strangers陌生人,
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然而,在看到陌生人上傳的影片後
10:04
a world世界 of possibility可能性 opens打開 up for him.
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一個可能性世界向他敞開了
10:07
Suddenly突然, he starts啟動 to emulate仿真 and then to innovate創新.
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突然間,他開始模仿和再創新
10:10
And a global全球 community社區 of unicyclistsunicyclists discover發現 each other online線上,
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一個單輪騎士的全球社群在網上發現了彼此
10:13
inspire啟發 each other to greatness偉大.
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互相鼓勵,向前邁進
10:15
And there are thousands數千 of other examples例子 of this happening事件 --
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有其它上千個例子發生著 --
10:18
of video-driven視頻驅動 evolution演化 of skills技能,
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透過影片鼓舞的技術演化
10:20
ranging不等 from the physical物理 to the artful.
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從身體到技巧
10:23
And I have to tell you,
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我必須告訴你們
10:25
as a former前任的 publisher出版者 of hobbyist業餘愛好者 magazines雜誌,
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作為一個興趣雜誌的前出版人
10:27
I find this strangely奇怪 beautiful美麗.
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我發覺這有著異樣的魅力
10:29
I mean, there's a lot of passion right here on this screen屏幕.
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在這銀幕中藏有許多熱情
10:32
But if Rube鄉巴佬 Goldberg戈德堡 machines
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但假使 Rube Goldberg 的機器
10:35
and video視頻 poetry詩歌 aren't quite相當 your cup杯子 of tea,
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與影像詩不和你口味的話
10:38
how about this.
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不如試試這個
10:41
Jove朱庇特 is a website網站
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Jove 是一個爲了鼓勵科學家
10:43
that was founded成立 to encourage鼓勵 scientists科學家們
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在網路影片上
10:45
to publish發布 their peer-reviewed同行評審 research研究
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發表他們研究
10:47
on video視頻.
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的網站
10:49
There's a problem問題 with a traditional傳統 scientific科學 paper.
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傳統的科學論文有個問題:
10:52
It can take months個月 for a scientist科學家 in another另一個 lab實驗室
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科學家通常得在實驗室花上幾個月
10:55
to figure數字 out how to replicate複製 the experiments實驗
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才能搞清楚如何複製出
10:57
that are described描述 in print打印.
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在紙本論文中所描述的實驗
10:59
Here's這裡的 one such這樣 frustrated受挫 scientist科學家,
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這裡有一個對此感到相當沮喪的科學家
11:01
Moshe摩西 PritskerPritsker, the founder創辦人 of Jove朱庇特.
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Jove 的創辦人 Moshe Pritsker
11:03
He told me that the world世界 is wasting浪費
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他告訴我,這世界浪費
11:05
billions數十億 of dollars美元 on this.
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上百萬美元在這
11:07
But look at this video視頻.
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但看看這影片
11:09
I mean, look: if you can show顯示
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看看: 如果你可以秀出
11:11
instead代替 of just describing說明,
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而非描述的話
11:13
that problem問題 goes away.
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問題便可解決了
11:15
So it's not far-fetched牽強 to say
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因此,這並非遙不可及的:
11:17
that, at some point,
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某種程度上
11:19
online線上 video視頻 is going to dramatically顯著 accelerate加速 scientific科學 advance提前.
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線上影片將戲劇性地加速科學發展
11:23
Here's這裡的 another另一個 example
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這裡是另一個例子
11:25
that's close to our hearts心中 at TEDTED,
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它接近我們 TED 的中心
11:27
where video視頻 is sometimes有時 more powerful強大 than print打印 --
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在那,有時影片比印刷品還有力 --
11:30
the sharing分享 of an idea理念.
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分享觀念
11:34
Why do people like watching觀看 TEDTalksTED演講?
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為什麽人們喜歡看 TEDTalks 呢?
11:37
All those ideas思路 are already已經 out there in print打印.
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這些想法其實都有書籍出版了
11:40
It's actually其實 faster更快 to read than to view視圖.
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事實上,閱讀比觀看還快
11:42
Why would someone有人 bother?
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為何有人還要看呢?
11:44
Well, so, there's some showing展示 as well as telling告訴.
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我想,吸引人的是又說又演的部份
11:47
But even leaving離開 the screen屏幕 out of it,
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撇開螢幕不談
11:50
there's still a lot more being存在 transferred轉入 than just words.
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仍然有許多內容,是不止單文字轉化的
11:53
And in that non-verbal非語言 portion一部分, there's some serious嚴重 magic魔法.
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在言語無法表達的部分,含有非比尋常的魔術
11:56
Somewhere某處 hidden in the physical物理 gestures手勢,
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隱藏於身體姿態之下
11:59
the vocal聲音的 cadence韻律, the facial面部 expressions表達式,
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那抑揚頓挫的聲音、種種面部表情、
12:02
the eye contact聯繫,
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眼神接觸、
12:04
the passion,
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熱情、
12:06
the kind of awkward尷尬, British英國的 body身體 language語言,
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英國人(指他自己)尷尬的肢體動作
12:09
the sense of how the audience聽眾 are reacting反應,
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觀眾反應的狀況
12:12
there are hundreds數以百計 of subconscious潛意識 clues線索
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有上百個潛意識的線索
12:14
that go to how well you will understand理解,
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涉及了你所瞭解的程度
12:17
and whether是否 you're inspired啟發 --
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以及你被激勵與否 --
12:19
light, if you like,
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光、
12:21
and desire慾望.
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與慾望
12:23
Incredibly令人難以置信的是, all of this can be communicated傳達
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難以置信的是,這一切都可以
12:25
on just a few少數 square廣場 inches英寸 of a screen屏幕.
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透過一方英寸的螢幕進行溝通
12:28
Reading and writing寫作 are actually其實
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閱讀與寫作事實上
12:30
relatively相對 recent最近 inventions發明.
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相對說來,是一種較晚近的發明
12:32
Face-to-face面對面 communication通訊 has been fine-tuned微調
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面對面的溝通
12:34
by millions百萬 of years年份 of evolution演化.
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已經過百萬年的演化調適
12:36
That's what's made製作 it into this mysterious神秘, powerful強大 thing it is.
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這就是使它變得神秘又有力量的東西
12:39
Someone有人 speaks說話,
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有人說
12:41
there's resonance諧振 in all these receiving接收 brains大腦,
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在這些吸收中的腦中會產生共鳴
12:43
the whole整個 group acts行為 together一起.
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整個團體一起行動
12:45
I mean, this is the connective結締組織 tissue組織
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這是連結
12:47
of the human人的 superorganism超級有機體 in action行動.
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人類超個體行動的組織
12:49
It's probably大概 driven驅動 our culture文化 for millennia千年.
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它有可能把我們的文明向前推進幾千年
12:51
500 years年份 ago, it ran into
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五百年前,它曾遭遇
12:53
a competitor競爭者 with a lethal致命 advantage優點.
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一個具有致命優勢的競爭對手
12:55
It's right here.
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就在這
12:57
Print打印 scaled縮放.
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印刷
13:00
The world's世界 ambitious有雄心 innovators創新 and influencers影響力
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世上最有企圖心的創新者和有影響力的人
13:02
now could get their ideas思路 to spread傳播 far and wide,
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都可以使他們的想法傳播到遼遠的地方
13:05
and so the art藝術 of the spoken word
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因此,口語的藝術
13:07
pretty漂亮 much withered乾枯 on the vine藤蔓.
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曾經如同凋萎的薔薇
13:09
But now, in the blink of an eye,
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但現在,一眨眼
13:12
the game遊戲 has changed again.
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遊戲又改變了
13:14
It's not too much to say
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用不著多說
13:16
that what Gutenberg古滕貝格 did for writing寫作,
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古騰堡(印刷術發明人)是如何推展寫作
13:19
online線上 video視頻 can now do for face-to-face面對面 communication通訊.
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線上影片現在可以作面對面的溝通
13:22
So, that primal原始 medium,
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所以,這原始的中介
13:25
which哪一個 your brain is exquisitely玲瓏 wired有線 for ...
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你大腦精心的設置....
13:28
that just went global全球.
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才剛剛走向全球
13:31
Now, this is big.
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現在,這效應很大
13:33
We may可能 have to reinvent重塑 an ancient art藝術 form形成.
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我們也許必須重新發明一種古老的藝術形式
13:36
I mean, today今天, one person speaking請講
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今天,一個人說話
13:39
can be seen看到 by millions百萬,
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可以被上百萬人看到
13:42
shedding脫落 bright light on potent有力的 ideas思路,
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照亮有影響力的點子
13:44
creating創建 intense激烈 desire慾望
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創造強烈的慾望
13:46
for learning學習 and to respond響應 --
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爲了學習與回應 --
13:48
and in his case案件, intense激烈 desire慾望 to laugh.
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在他的演講中,有強烈的慾望大笑
13:52
For the first time in human人的 history歷史,
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人類歷史上第一次
13:55
talented天才 students學生們
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天賦異稟的學生
13:57
don't have to have their potential潛在 and their dreams
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不再需要由差勁的老師
14:00
written書面 out of history歷史 by lousy糟糕 teachers教師.
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湮滅他們的潛質與夢想
14:03
They can sit two feet in front面前 of the world's世界 finest最好的.
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他們可以直接面對世上最有才華的人
14:07
Now, TEDTED is just a small part部分 of this.
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現在,TED 只是這小小的一部份
14:10
I mean, the world's世界 universities高校 are opening開盤 up their curricula課程.
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世界上的大學正開放他們的課程
14:13
Thousands成千上萬 of individuals個人 and organizations組織
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上千名個人與組織機構
14:16
are sharing分享 their knowledge知識 and data數據 online線上.
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在網上分享數據與知識
14:18
Thousands成千上萬 of people are figuring盤算 out new ways方法
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重要的是,上千人發現了
14:20
to learn學習 and, crucially關鍵,
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全新的學習方式
14:22
to respond響應, completing完成 the cycle週期.
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以回應、完成這一循環
14:25
And so, as we've我們已經 thought about this,
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因此,如同我們所想的
14:28
you know, it's become成為 clear明確 to us
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這使我們明白了
14:31
what the next下一個 stage階段 of TED'sTED的 evolution演化 has to be.
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TED 演化的下一步
14:34
TEDTalksTED演講 can't be a one-way單程 process處理, one-to-many一個一對多.
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TEDTalks 不能是單項的過程,不能是單一對許多
14:37
Our future未來 is many-to-many許多一對多.
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我們的未來是 眾人對眾人
14:40
So, we're dreaming做夢 of ways方法
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所以,我們夢想著
14:42
to make it easier更輕鬆 for you, the global全球 TEDTED community社區,
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使它更方便於,在全球 TED 社群
14:45
to respond響應 to speakers音箱,
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回應演講人
14:47
to contribute有助於 your own擁有 ideas思路,
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以貢獻你自己的想法
14:49
maybe even your own擁有 TEDTalksTED演講,
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也許甚至是你自己的 TEDTalks
14:52
and to help shine閃耀 a light on the very best最好 of what's out there.
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幫助照亮那最出色的
14:55
Because, if we can bubble泡沫 up the very best最好
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因為,如果我們能夠從廣大的人群中
14:57
from a vastly大大 larger pool,
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鼓動那最好最出色的人
14:59
this wheel turns.
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這個輪子就會運轉
15:01
Now, is it possible可能 to imagine想像
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現在,我們是否可以想像
15:04
a similar類似 process處理 to this,
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一個類似的過程
15:06
happening事件 to global全球 education教育 overall總體?
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正發生於全球的整體教育上?
15:09
I mean, does it have to be this painful痛苦,
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我的意思是,難道教育一定得是痛苦的、
15:11
top-down自頂向下 process處理?
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由上而下的過程嗎?
15:13
Why not a self-fueling自供燃料 cycle週期
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為何不可以自行循環
15:16
in which哪一個 we all can participate參加?
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我們從而也可以加入其中?
15:18
It's the participation參與 age年齡, right?
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這是一個參與的時代,可不是?
15:21
Schools學校 can't be silos筒倉.
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學校不可以是筒倉
15:23
We can't stop learning學習 at age年齡 21.
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我們不能到了21歲便停止學習
15:27
What if, in the coming未來 crowd人群 of nine billion十億 ...
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設若,有九十億的人群來到,會怎麼樣呢?
15:31
what if that crowd人群 could learn學習 enough足夠
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倘若那群眾學習到某種程度
15:34
to be net contributors貢獻者,
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可以成為貢獻者
15:36
instead代替 of net plunderers強盜?
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而非竊盜者,那又將是怎麼一回事呢?
15:39
That changes變化 everything, right?
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那會改變所有事,不是嗎?
15:41
I mean, that would take more teachers教師 than we've我們已經 ever had.
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那將需要更多的老師
15:44
But the good news新聞 is they are out there.
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但好消息是,他們就在那
15:46
They're in the crowd人群,
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他們就在人群裡
15:48
and the crowd人群 is switching交換 on lights燈火,
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人群轉變為光
15:50
and we can see them for the first time,
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我們可以首度見到他們
15:52
not as an undifferentiated未分化 mass of strangers陌生人,
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而不再是一團同性質的陌生群眾
15:55
but as individuals個人 we can learn學習 from.
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而是 我們可以向他學習的許多個人
16:00
Who's誰是 the teacher老師?
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誰是老師呢?
16:02
You're the teacher老師.
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你就是老師
16:06
You're part部分 of the crowd人群
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你就是人群的一部份
16:08
that may可能 be about to launch發射
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也許快要可以展開
16:10
the biggest最大 learning學習 cycle週期 in human人的 history歷史,
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人類歷史上最大的學習循環了
16:13
a cycle週期 capable of carrying攜帶 all of us
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一個能夠帶領我們所有人的循環
16:16
to a smarter聰明, wiser聰明, more beautiful美麗 place地點.
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變得更聰明、更有智慧、更多美麗的地方
16:22
Here's這裡的 a group of kids孩子 in a village in Pakistan巴基斯坦
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這是一群在巴基斯坦村落中的小孩
16:24
near where I grew成長 up.
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接近我長大的地方
16:26
Within five years年份, each of these kids孩子 is going to have access訪問
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五年內,每一個小孩都可以透過
16:28
to a cellphone手機 capable of full-on全開 web捲筒紙 video視頻
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手機進入完整的網絡視訊
16:31
and capable of uploading上傳 video視頻 to the web捲筒紙.
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能夠上傳影片到網絡上
16:34
I mean, is it crazy to think that this girl女孩,
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想想這多瘋狂啊? 在右後方
16:36
in the back, at the right, in 15 years年份,
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的這女孩,15年後
16:38
might威力 be sharing分享 the idea理念 that keeps保持 the world世界 beautiful美麗
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也許就可以分享想法,
16:41
for your grandchildren孫子?
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使你子孫的世界變得更好
16:43
It's not crazy; it's actually其實 happening事件 right now.
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一點也不瘋狂,事實上此刻它正在發生
16:46
I want to introduce介紹 you to a good friend朋友 of TEDTED
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我想向各位介紹 TED 的一個好朋友
16:49
who just happens發生 to live生活 in Africa's非洲 biggest最大 shantytown棚戶區.
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他住在非洲最大的貧民窟(肯亞的Kibera)
16:52
(Video視頻) Christopher克里斯托弗 Makau馬卡烏: Hi你好. My name名稱 is Christopher克里斯托弗 Makau馬卡烏.
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(影片) 嗨,我叫 Christopher Makau
16:55
I'm one of the organizers組織者 of TEDxKiberaTEDxKibera.
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我是 TEDxKibera 的組織人之一
16:58
There are so many許多 good things which哪一個 are happening事件 right here in Kibera基貝拉.
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現在 Kibera,有些好事正發生
17:01
There's a self-help自救 group.
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有個自助團體
17:03
They turned轉身 a trash垃圾 place地點 into a garden花園.
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他們把垃圾場變成花園
17:06
The same相同 spot, it was a crime犯罪 spot
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這個地方以前曾是犯罪據點
17:09
where people were being存在 robbed被搶.
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人們在這裡遭搶
17:11
They used the same相同 trash垃圾
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他們把同樣的垃圾
17:13
to form形成 green綠色 manure肥料.
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打造成綠肥
17:15
The same相同 trash垃圾 site現場
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同樣的垃圾場
17:17
is feeding饋送 more than 30 families家庭.
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現在可以餵養三十個家庭
17:20
We have our own擁有 film電影 school學校.
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我們有自己的電影學校
17:22
They are using運用 Flip翻動 cameras相機
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他們用攝影機
17:24
to record記錄, edit編輯,
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紀錄、剪接、
17:26
and reporting報告 to their own擁有 channel渠道,
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並報導他們的生活
17:28
Kibera基貝拉 TV電視.
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Kibera TV
17:30
Because of a scarcity缺乏 of land土地,
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由於缺乏土地資源
17:32
we are using運用 the sacks麻袋 to grow增長 vegetables蔬菜,
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我們用袋子種菜
17:34
and also [we're] able能夠 to save保存 on the cost成本 of living活的.
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同時,我們也可以降低生活成本
17:37
Change更改 happens發生 when we see things in a different不同 way.
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我們以不同角度看待事物時,轉變就會發生
17:40
Today今天, I see Kibera基貝拉 in a different不同 way.
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今天,我以不同的角度看待 Kibera
17:43
My message信息 to TEDGlobalTEDGlobal
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我給 TEDGlobal
17:46
and the entire整個 world世界 is:
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和全世界的訊息是:
17:48
Kibera基貝拉 is a hotbed溫床
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Kibera 是個
17:50
of innovation革新 and ideas思路.
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充滿創新與想法的溫床
17:54
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
18:00
CACA: You know what?
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你們知道嗎?
18:03
I bet賭注 Chris克里斯 has always been an inspiring鼓舞人心 guy.
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我打賭 Chris 一直都是個激勵人心的傢伙
18:06
What's new -- and it's huge巨大 --
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新消息是 -- 這是個大消息 --
18:09
is that, for the first time, we get to see him,
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這是第一次我們能看到他
18:12
and he can see us.
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而且他能看到我們
18:14
Right now, Chris克里斯 and Kevin凱文
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現在,Chris、Kevin、
18:16
and Dennis丹尼斯 and Dickson迪克森 and their friends朋友
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Dennis、Dickson、與他們的朋友
18:18
are watching觀看 us, in Nairobi內羅畢, right now.
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都在看著我們,在奈洛比 (肯亞首都),就是現在
18:21
Guys,
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各位
18:23
we've我們已經 learned學到了 from you today今天.
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今天,我們從你們身上學到許多
18:25
Thank you.
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謝謝
18:27
And thank you.
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謝謝你們
18:29
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Geoff Chen
Reviewed by Adrienne Lin

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com