TEDSalon London Fall 2011
Erik Johansson: Impossible photography
Erik Johansson： 不可能嘅影像
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Erik Johansson 創造咗極具真實感嘅不可能場景——捕捉想法而不是某一時刻。在這段機智風趣嘅指南性演講裡，哩位Photoshop巫師描述咗佢用來實現哩啲奇妙場景同時保持視覺真實感嘅原則。
Erik Johansson - Photographer and retoucher
Photographer Erik Johansson creates impossible but photorealistic images that capture an idea, not a moment. Full bio
Photographer Erik Johansson creates impossible but photorealistic images that capture an idea, not a moment. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm here to share my photography.
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我系裡度同大家分享我的攝影作品，
00:19
Or is it photography?
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但系裡張都算系攝影麼？
00:22
Because, of course, this is a photograph
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因為，雖然佢系一張相片，
00:24
that you can't take with your camera.
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但你卻冇辦法用相機影出來。
00:26
Yet, my interest in photography started
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我對攝影嘅興趣
00:28
as I got my first digital camera
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開始於我十五歲果時
00:30
at the age of 15.
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摞到嘅第一個數碼相機。
00:33
It mixed with my earlier passion for drawing,
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我對攝影嘅熱愛混雜咗我早期對繪畫嘅熱愛，
00:35
but it was a bit different,
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但佢又有啲唔同，
00:37
because using the camera,
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因為用相機嘅時候
00:39
the process was in the planning instead.
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整個過程嘅關鍵在於拍攝前嘅計劃。
00:42
And when you take a photograph with a camera,
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當你用相機影相嘅時候，
00:45
the process ends when you press the trigger.
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整個過程結束於你摁下快門嘅果一刻。
00:49
So to me it felt like photography was more about
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所以，對於我來講，攝影更多嘅系關於
00:51
being at the right place and the right time.
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在對嘅時間出現系對嘅地方。
00:54
I felt like anyone could do that.
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我覺得好似個個人都可以做到裡件事。
00:57
So I wanted to create something different,
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所以我就想做啲唔同嘅嘢，
01:00
something where the process starts
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一啲使攝影過程開始於
01:02
when you press the trigger.
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摁下快門果一刻嘅嘢。
01:05
Photos like this:
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好似甘樣嘅相片：
01:07
construction going on along a busy road.
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一條繁忙嘅街道旁正在施工，
01:09
But it has an unexpected twist.
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但系佢有一個意想不到嘅心思。
01:12
And despite that,
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除此之外
01:14
it retains a level of realism.
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佢縱保持咗一定程度嘅真實感。
01:17
Or photos like these --
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又或者好似甘樣嘅相片——
01:20
both dark and colorful,
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無論系灰暗定系鮮豔，
01:23
but all with a common goal
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但都有一個共同嘅目標
01:25
of retaining the level of realism.
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就系保持一定程度嘅真實感。
01:27
When I say realism,
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當我講真實感嘅時候，
01:29
I mean photo-realism.
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我嘅意思系相片嘅真實感。
01:31
Because, of course,
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因為，
01:33
it's not something you can capture really,
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佢當然唔系果啲你真正可以捕捉到嘅鏡頭，
01:36
but I always want it to look like it could have been captured somehow
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但我總想令佢望落去好似真係可以被相片捕捉甘樣
01:39
as a photograph.
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但我總想令佢望落去好似真係可以被相片捕捉甘樣
01:41
Photos where you will need a brief moment to think
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你需要一啲時間來諗一諗裡啲相片
01:44
to figure out the trick.
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去發現其中嘅機關。
01:46
So it's more about capturing an idea
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所以，佢更多嘅系捕捉一個想法，
01:48
than about capturing a moment really.
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而唔系捕捉一個真實嘅時刻。
01:51
But what's the trick
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但系怎樣嘅手段
01:53
that makes it look realistic?
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令到佢望落去如此真實呢？
01:55
Is it something about the details
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系因為細節嗎？
01:57
or the colors?
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定系因為顏色？
01:59
Is it something about the light?
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系因為光線嗎？
02:02
What creates the illusion?
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什麼造成咗幻象？
02:06
Sometimes the perspective is the illusion.
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有時，視角就系幻象。
02:09
But in the end, it comes down to how we interpret the world
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但最終，佢歸結到我啲如何解讀世界，
02:12
and how it can be realized on a two-dimensional surface.
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同埋世界如何在二維平面上重現自身。
02:15
It's not really what is realistic,
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什麼系真實嘅並不重要，
02:17
it's what we think looks realistic really.
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重要嘅系我啲認為什麼看上去系真實嘅。
02:21
So I think the basics
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所以，我認為基本原理
02:23
are quite simple.
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系好簡單嘅。
02:25
I just see it as a puzzle of reality
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我就將佢當作現實嘅拼圖，
02:28
where you can take different pieces of reality and put it together
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你可以將唔同嘅現實碎片拼接起身，
02:31
to create alternate reality.
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來創造一種“替代真實”。
02:34
And let me show you a simple example.
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讓我向你啲展示一個簡單嘅例子。
02:37
Here we have three perfectly imaginable physical objects,
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裡度有三個完全可以想像得到嘅物體
02:41
something we all can relate to living in a three-dimensional world.
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我啲生活系三維世界嘅人都可以聯想得到。
02:44
But combined in a certain way,
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但用一種特定嘅方式將佢啲組合，
02:47
they can create something that still looks three-dimensional,
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就可以創造出一啲看上去仍然系三維嘅，
02:51
like it could exist.
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看上去仍然是可以真實存在嘅嘢。
02:53
But at the same time, we know it can't.
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但同時，我啲知道佢係冇可能存在嘅。
02:56
So we trick our brains,
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所以我啲欺騙咗我啲嘅大腦，
02:58
because our brain simply doesn't accept the fact
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因為我啲嘅大腦就系無法接受
03:00
that it doesn't really make sense.
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佢並不合理嘅事實。
03:02
And I see the same process
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我看到同樣嘅過程
03:05
with combining photographs.
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發生系組合相片的過程中。
03:08
It's just really about combining different realities.
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佢就系組合不同嘅現實。
03:12
So the things that make a photograph look realistic,
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所以，我認為讓相片看上去真實可感嘅
03:16
I think it's the things that we don't even think about,
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系果啲我啲根本唔去諗嘅嘢，
03:19
the things all around us in our daily lives.
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系我啲日常生活中隨處可見嘅嘢。
03:23
But when combining photographs,
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但當將相片組合的時候，
03:25
this is really important to consider,
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仔細嘅考慮就變得很重要，
03:27
because otherwise it just looks wrong somehow.
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因為如果冇搞好嘅話，佢看上去就會怪怪地。
03:31
So I would like to say that there are three simple rules to follow
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所以我會講，想要實現真實的感覺，
03:34
to achieve a realistic result.
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有一啲簡單嘅規則需要遵守。
03:37
As you can see, these images aren't really special.
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就好似你可以見到嘅，裡啲圖像並非十分特別。
03:40
But combined, they can create something like this.
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但組合起來，佢啲可以形成甘樣嘅效果。
03:47
So the first rule is that photos combined
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所以，第一條規則就係，
03:49
should have the same perspective.
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被組合嘅相片需要有同樣嘅拍攝視角。
03:51
Secondly, photos combined
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第二，組合嘅相片
03:53
should have the same type of light.
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需要有同樣類型嘅光線。
03:56
And these two images both fulfill these two requirements --
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裡兩張圖片都滿足咗裡兩項要求——
03:59
shot at the same height and in the same type of light.
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系同樣嘅高度進行拍攝，有同樣嘅光線。
04:03
The third one is about making it impossible to distinguish
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第三項規則在於設法使不同圖像嘅開始與結束點
04:06
where the different images begin and end
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連接嘅天衣無縫
04:09
by making it seamless.
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無法辨別。
04:12
Make it impossible to say
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令其他人冇法
04:14
how the image actually was composed.
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講出圖像系怎樣合成嘅。
04:16
So by matching color, contrast and brightness
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通過在不同圖像交界處調整顏色、對比度和亮度，
04:20
in the borders between the different images,
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通過在不同圖像交界處調整顏色、對比度和亮度，
04:22
adding photographic defects
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加上圖像嘅缺陷
04:24
like depth of field,
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比如，景深
04:26
desaturated colors and noise,
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不飽和顏色及雜色，
04:29
we erase the borders between the different images
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我啲消除咗唔同圖像之嘅邊界
04:31
and make it look like one single image,
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令佢望落去好似系一張圖像。
04:34
despite the fact that one image
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雖然事實上哩張相片
04:36
can contain hundreds of layers basically.
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可能至少包含咗上百張嘅圖層。
04:40
So here's another example.
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裡度系另一個例子。
04:43
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:45
One might think that this is just an image of a landscape
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有啲人會認為佢系一幅風景照，
04:48
and the lower part is what's manipulated.
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只不過圖像嘅下半部系經過處理嘅。
04:51
But this image is actually entirely composed
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但系實際上哩幅圖完全系由唔同地方嘅相片人工合成嘅
04:54
of photographs from different locations.
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但系實際上哩幅圖完全系由唔同地方嘅相片人工合成嘅
04:57
I personally think that it's easier to actually create a place
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我個人認為創造一個地方其實比搵到一個甘樣嘅地方要容易
05:00
than to find a place,
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我個人認為創造一個地方其實比搵到一個甘樣嘅地方要容易
05:02
because then you don't need to compromise
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因為甘樣你就無需妥協自己頭腦中嘅諗法
05:04
with the ideas in your head.
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因為甘樣你就無需妥協自己頭腦中嘅諗法
05:06
But it does require a lot of planning.
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但系哩樣嘢確實需要好多嘅計劃工作。
05:09
And getting this idea during winter,
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在冬天果時有咗哩個諗法，
05:11
I knew that I had several months to plan it,
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我知道我有幾個月嘅時間去計劃，
05:13
to find the different locations
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去搵到唔同嘅地點
05:15
for the pieces of the puzzle basically.
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來作為拼圖嘅碎片。
05:18
So for example,
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所以，舉例來講，
05:20
the fish was captured on a fishing trip.
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哩隻魚系系一個釣魚嘅旅途中拍到嘅，
05:23
The shores are from a different location.
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河岸系從唔同嘅地點
05:25
The underwater part was captured in a stone pit.
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水面下嘅部分系系一個採石場拍到嘅。
05:28
And yeah, I even turned the house on top of the island red
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系啊，我甚至將小島上嘅屋變成紅色
05:31
to make it look more Swedish.
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讓佢望落去更加似瑞典風格。
05:34
So to achieve a realistic result,
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為咗達到真實嘅感覺，
05:36
I think it comes down to planning.
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我認為關鍵在於計劃。
05:39
It always starts with a sketch, an idea.
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佢總系開始於一幅草圖，一個諗法，
05:43
Then it's about combining the different photographs.
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然後將不同的圖像組合起身。
05:46
And here every piece is very well planned.
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哩度每幅圖都系精心計劃過嘅。
05:49
And if you do a good job capturing the photos,
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如果你用心拍攝這些相片，
05:52
the result can be quite beautiful
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效果都會相當漂亮
05:54
and also quite realistic.
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同埋真實。
05:58
So all the tools are out there,
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所以講，所有嘅工具都已經有咗，
06:02
and the only thing that limits us
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唯一嘅限制就係
06:05
is our imagination.
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我哋自己嘅想像力。
06:09
Thank you.
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多謝大家。
06:11
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erik Johansson - Photographer and retoucherPhotographer Erik Johansson creates impossible but photorealistic images that capture an idea, not a moment.
Why you should listen
Erik Johansson is a self-taught photograher who learned how to retouch photos to make impossible and extraordinary images. Growing up with a grandmother who painted and a penchant for escaping into the other worlds of video games, he naturally blended the two into a technique using computers to generate images that couldn't be captured by a camera.
Erik Johansson | Speaker | TED.com