Andrew Forrest: A radical plan to end plastic waste
安德烈·弗利斯特: 一个结终结塑料垃圾的激进方法
Andrew "Twiggy" Forrest is an Australian businessman, philanthropist and entrepreneur, widely considered one of the country’s greatest change agents. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
obsessed with this problem
你近几年都在
极其简单,
用作巨大的能源材料,
energetic commodity that it is,
我们都看到了,浪费无处不在。
菲律宾,
ladies and gentlemen,
女士们先生们,
塑料被扔到河里,
it ends up in the ocean.
see it on the beaches,
in the oceans. Talk about that.
海洋中的事情。讲讲吧。
谢谢,克里斯。
really barking crazy,
in marine ecology.
海洋生态学的博士学位。
海洋生物的死亡,
ecological fatality of fish,
if not trillions that we can't count
as ugly but stable. Right?
但是人们认为塑料是丑陋却无害的。
"Hey, it'll just sit there forever.
“看吧,它会一直在这里。
substance designed for the economy.
塑料是对经济最好的设计,
for the environment.
as soon as it hits the environment,
当塑料一触碰到大自然,
and smaller and smaller,
for a few years now,
海洋生态学中就有所了解,
carrying their negative charge,
小的分子,带着负电荷,
the pores of your skin.
straight through the blood-brain barrier,
它会进入到你的血脑屏障,
to protect your brain.
里面都是电荷。
full of little electrical charges.
which can carry pathogens --
有病原体的负电荷——
it attracts positive-charge elements,
we're going to see in the next 12 months.
会看到的突破性科学。
that there's like 600 plastic bags or so
你之前提到过,每条在海里的鱼
in the ocean, something like that.
意识到结局会是什么。
of the consequences of that.
是的,我们还没有。
有很多优秀的科学家,
they're a bunch of good scientists,
one ton of plastic, Chris,
of fish by, not 2050 --
不需要等到2050年——
who talk about 2050 -- by 2025.
嗤之以鼻——而是2025年。
to completely wipe out marine life.
就能彻底抹去海洋生物,
to do a fine job at it.
We've got no time.
我们的时间所剩无几了。
and you're coming at this
好的,你有一个很好的解决方法,
campaigner, I would say,
一个创业者的身份——
as an entrepreneur, who has lived --
about global economic systems
思考全球经济系统
who look something like this.
她是一名拾荒者,
ragpickers like her,
2000万像她一样的人,
everyone's waste.
minuscule that it was, collapsed.
塑料价格也随之崩塌了。
who is a schoolchild.
hundreds of people like her.
看到了数百个像她一样的人。
literally millions around the world,
像她一样的成人,
for the fact that, for example,
of metal waste in the world.
正是如此。
是保护环境的英雄。
the hero of the environment.
a great big petrochemical plant
petrochemical plant.
in plastic and landfill
resources of the United States.
她就是个英雄。
ladies and gentlemen,
这就是堆填区的样子,
potentially locked up in there
所以这里有很大的开发潜能,
if they could, make a living from.
如果他们愿意,会以此为生。
因为我们都有一种根深蒂固的思想,
recycle plastic from plastic.
塑料的价格便宜一些。
is building blocks from oil and gas.
都来自石油和天然气。
which is 100 percent oil and gas.
代表它百分之百是石油和天然气。
enough plastic in the world
than fossil fuel plastic,
比原生的价格高,
just sticks to fossil fuel plastic.
大家就会用原生塑料。
所以最主要的问题是,
is usually more
it made fresh from more oil.
of the rules here, Chris.
我们把规则调整一下。
scrap metal and rubbish iron
废金属,比如废铁,
all round the villages,
村子里的各个角落,
and the streets are clean,
都是干干净净的,
or scrap iron now,
it gets recycled.
它们被回收了。
to try to change that in plastics?
对塑料进行类似的回收?
这么说吧,
I've been doing research.
都是在做研究。
a businessperson who's done OK at it
animal species they'd like to check out,
他们也想看看,
we'll all meet Twiggy Forrest.
见见 Twiggy(嘉宾的昵称)。
and fast-moving consumer good companies
的石油和天然气公司,
for the best and do nothing,
people in the world
their environment smashed by plastic,
or barren of sea life because of plastic.
海洋生物不应该被塑料灭绝。
which we all buy heaps of products from,
我们成堆的买他们的产品,
major resin producers,
which is single use.
从那喷涌而出。
所以有一百个公司
of this food chain, as it were.
是的。
those one hundred companies to do?
你认为应该怎么做呢?
to simply raise the value
很简单。我们需要他们提高
from oil and gas,
做成的塑料的价格,
and onto us, the customers,
我们作为消费者,
an increase in our coffee cup
咖啡杯的涨价
任何东西的轻微涨价。
就贵了1分钱?
更少,半分钱。
all over the world an article of value.
there's two parts to this.
这里面包含两部分。
a fund operated by someone
比如某种被管理的资金,
that they charge the extra for?
那些额外的钱?
to really big businesses,
当我跟大企业交谈时,
and I need you to change really fast,"
改了这个,而且越快越好。”
to peel over in boredom,
“这是一个很不错的项目。”
you to make a contribution
“好的,我需要你
and industry transition fund.
its building blocks from fossil fuel
blocks from plastic.
operations from nothing,
两次数十亿美元的操作,
the technology can be scaled.
in plastic to handle all types of plastic.
处理各种各样的塑料的科技。
have an economic margin,
will get all their plastic from,
contributes money to a fund
一片新塑料,就会有更多资金
transition the industry
like cleanup and other pieces.
当然,当然。
而且它有不可思议的额外优点,
the incredible side benefit,
millions of people around the world
可以帮助世上数百万的人
正是如此。
fuel plastics at this value
is that, you know,
300, 350 million tons of plastic.
1,500 dollars a ton.
which could go into business
and wealth right across the world,
创造国际化的财富,
所以这样能让大公司们投资
to invest in recycling plants
任何地方。
is low-capital cost,
大量的资金成本,
酒店地下室,
at the bottom of big hotels,
你是一个慈善家,
投入了自己的资金。
some of your own wealth to this.
in this project?
投入4到5千万美元
is kick in the 40 to 50 million US dollars
absolute transparency
exactly what's going on.
to the brands to the consumers,
who is playing the game,
谁在掌管大权,
and who doesn't care.
谁又满不在乎。
a million dollars a week,
每周100万美元,
that for five years.
300 million US dollars.
哇。
like to the Coca-Colas of this world,
像是可口可乐,
they're willing to pay a higher price,
他们愿意为保护环境
是的,非常公平。
like Pepsi to play ball
百事可乐没有参与合作,
that Pepsi wasn't playing ball.
想要百事可乐参与进来,
the consumers can see it.
所有消费者也会看到。
by a hundred companies.
毁在几百个公司中。
你提到了公司能做些什么,
what the companies can do
我想请各位,
noplasticwaste.org 的网站。
or a telephone contact from you,
发推特,或是打电话,
to make a contribution to a fund
由某个行业或世界银行
or the World Bank can manage.
of dollars per year
to getting all its plastic from plastic,
用塑料来再生塑料,
That's bad. This is good.
of dollars, Chris, per annum
你已经在回收行业了。
是一个巨大的商机?
opportunity for you?
是的,我在铁矿行业,
the iron ore business,
the scrap metal business,
绊倒在一堆废铁上,
any scrap lying around to trip over,
进入塑料回收行业的借口,
to go into the plastic recycling business.
不是的,我还要大力提倡。
of plastic waste.
which will spread all over the world,
because that's where the rubbish is most,
因为那是垃圾最多的地方,
and stand back.
Twiggy,在我们所处的年代,
are craving a new, regenerative economy,
发展新的,再生的经济,
这些巨大的产业
these big industries,
cheering you on your way
我们也需要得到很多人的支持,
非常感谢,克里斯。
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Andrew Forrest - EntrepreneurAndrew "Twiggy" Forrest is an Australian businessman, philanthropist and entrepreneur, widely considered one of the country’s greatest change agents.
Why you should listen
As founder and chairman of Fortescue Metals Group, Andrew Forrest has led the company from inception to a market capitalisation of more than AU$30billion. In 2001, he co-founded Minderoo Foundation with his wife Nicola, and he's since donated more than AU$1.5 billion to its core initiatives and more than 280 causes around the world. Never daunted by the scale of a challenge, Forrest devotes his relentless energy to tackling some of the world’s greatest problems, including Indigenous disparity, modern slavery and cancer.
But it is Forrest's most recent pursuit -- a PhD in Marine Ecology -- that led him to the TED stage. Driven by a lifelong love for the oceans, Forrest studied marine life and, along the way, encountered the destructive impacts of ocean plastic pollution, which he is now striving to apprehend.
Andrew Forrest | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com