TEDWomen 2010
Kiran Bedi: A police chief with a difference
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Kiran Bedi té una trajectòria sorprenent. Abans de ser directora general del Servei de Policia de l'Índia, va ser directora d'una de les presons més dures del país - i va utilitzar un nou enfocament en la prevenció i l'educació per convertir-la en un centre d'aprenentatge i meditació. Ella comparteix els seus pensaments sobre el lideratge visionari a TEDWomen.
Kiran Bedi - Corrections pioneer
Kiran Bedi was one of India's top cops -- tough, innovative and committed to social change. Now retired from the national police force, Bedi runs two NGOs that benefit rural and urban poor. Full bio
Kiran Bedi was one of India's top cops -- tough, innovative and committed to social change. Now retired from the national police force, Bedi runs two NGOs that benefit rural and urban poor. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now I'm going to give you a story.
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Ara us explicaré una història
00:17
It's an Indian story about an Indian woman and her journey.
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És una història índia, sobre una dona índia i la seva trajectòria.
00:20
Let me begin with my parents.
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Deixeu-me començar amb els meus pares.
00:23
I'm a product of this
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Jo sóc un producte
00:25
visionary mother and father.
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d'uns pares visionaris.
00:27
Many years ago, when I was born in the '50s --
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Molts anys enrere, quan vaig néixer a la dècada dels 50 --
00:30
'50s and '60s
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de fet els anys 50 i 60
00:32
didn't belong to girls in India.
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no estaven pensats per noies a l'Índia
00:34
They belonged to boys.
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sinó pels nois.
00:36
They belonged to boys who would join business
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Els nois que s'involucrarien en negocis
00:38
and inherit business from parents,
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i que heretarien els negocis familiars,
00:40
and girls would be dolled up to get married.
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mentre les noies s'empolainaven per casar-se.
00:42
My family, in my city,
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A la meva família, a la meva ciutat,
00:44
and almost in the country, was unique.
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i, probablement, a tot el país, el meu cas fou únic.
00:47
We were four of us, not one,
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A casa érem quatre fills, cap d'ells,
00:49
and fortunately no boys.
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afortunadament, era home.
00:51
We were four girls and no boys.
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Érem quatre noies i cap noi
00:53
And my parents were part
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i amb uns pares que pertanyien
00:55
of a landed property family.
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a una família de terratinents.
00:57
My father defied his own grandfather,
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El meu pare va desafiar el seu propi avi,
01:00
almost to the point of disinheritance,
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fins al punt de poder ser desheretat
01:02
because he decided to educate
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perquè va decidir donar-nos una educació
01:04
all four of us.
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a totes quatre.
01:06
He sent us to one of the best schools in the city
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Ens va enviar a una de les millors escoles de la ciutat
01:08
and gave us the best education.
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i ens va donar la millor educació possible.
01:10
As I've said, when we're born, we don't choose our parents,
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Com deia anteriorment, quan naixem, no escollim els nostres pares,
01:13
and when we go to school, we don't choose our school.
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i quan anem a l'escola, no escollim la nostra escola.
01:15
Children don't choose a school.
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Els nens no escullen l'escola.
01:17
They just get the school which parents choose for them.
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Ells tan sols assisteixen a l'escola que els seus pares han triat per a ells,
01:19
So this is the foundation time which I got.
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Per tant, aquesta és la formació que vaig rebre.
01:22
I grew up like this, and so did my other three sisters.
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Vaig créixer així, com ho feren també la resta de les meves germanes.
01:25
And my father used to say at that time,
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I el meu pare solia dir
01:27
"I'm going to spread all my four daughters in four corners of the world."
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"Penso escampar les meves quatre filles als quatre racons del món"
01:30
I don't know if he really meant [that], but it happened.
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Desconec si realment s'ho creia, però va succeir.
01:33
I'm the only one who's left in India.
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Sóc la única que ha quedat a la Índia.
01:35
One is a British, another is an American
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Una viu al Regne Unit, l'altre als Estats Units
01:37
and the third is a Canadian.
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i la tercera al Canadà.
01:39
So we are four of us in four corners of the world.
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Per tant, estem repartides pels quatre racons del món.
01:42
And since I said they're my role models,
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I des que dic que són el meu model a seguir,
01:45
I followed two things which my father and mother gave me.
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he seguit dos consells dels meus pares:
01:48
One, they said, "Life is on an incline.
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Un d'ells, deia: "La vida és en un pendent.
01:50
You either go up,
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Pots pujar
01:52
or you come down."
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o pots baixar"
01:54
And the second thing, which has stayed with me,
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El segon consell, el qual m'ha acompanyat,
01:56
which became my philosophy of life,
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s'ha convertit en tota una filosofia de vida,
01:58
which made all the difference,
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i ha marcat la diferència,
02:00
is: 100 things happen in your life, good or bad.
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és: 100 coses passen a la vida, bones o dolentes.
02:03
Out of 100, 90 are your creation.
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de les 100, 90 són de pròpia creació.
02:05
They're good. They're your creation. Enjoy it.
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Si són bones, pensa que són la teva creació. Gaudeix-les.
02:08
If they're bad, they're your creation. Learn from it.
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Si són dolentes, pensa que són la teva creació. Aprèn-ne.
02:11
Ten are nature-sent over which you can't do a thing.
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Les 10 restants les ha enviat la natura sense que hi puguis fer res.
02:14
It's like a death of a relative,
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com la mort d'un parent,
02:16
or a cyclone, or a hurricane, or an earthquake.
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un cicló, un huracà o un terratrèmol.
02:19
You can't do a thing about it.
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No pots fer-hi res.
02:21
You've got to just respond to the situation.
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L'únic que pots fer és reaccionar davant una situació tal.
02:23
But that response comes out of those 90 points.
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Però aquesta reacció provindrà de les 90 que són de la teva creació.
02:26
Since I'm a product of this philosophy,
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Des d'aleshores sóc un producte de la filosofia
02:28
of 90/10,
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del 90/10,
02:30
and secondly, "life on an incline,"
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i secundàriament, de la "vida en una pendent,"
02:32
that's the way I grew up
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I aquesta és la forma en què vaig crèixer
02:34
to be valuing what I got.
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aprenent a valorar el que tinc.
02:37
I'm a product of opportunities,
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Sóc un producte de les oportunitats,
02:39
rare opportunities in the '50s and the '60s,
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de les escasses oportunitats dels anys 50 i 60,
02:41
which girls didn't get,
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almenys per a les noies,
02:43
and I was conscious of the fact that what my parents were giving me
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I era conscient que l'oportunitat que els meus pares m'oferien
02:45
was something unique.
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era quelcom únic.
02:47
Because all of my best school friends were getting dolled up
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És per això que mentre totes les meves amigues a l'escola s'empolainaven
02:49
to get married with a lot of dowry,
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per casar-se amb algú amb un gran dot,
02:51
and here I was with a tennis racket and going to school
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jo era allà, amb la meva raqueta de tennis, anant a l'escola
02:54
and doing all kinds of extracurricular activities.
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i realitzant tota classe d'activitats extraescolars.
02:56
I thought I must tell you this.
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Penso que us havia d'explicar això.
02:58
Why I said this, is the background.
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Perquè això és el meu rerefons.
03:00
This is what comes next.
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I això és el que ve a continuació.
03:02
I joined the Indian Police Service as a tough woman,
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Vaig entrar dins el cos de policia de l'Índia com una dona dura,
03:05
a woman with indefatigable stamina,
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una dona amb resistència infatigable,
03:07
because I used to run for my tennis titles, etc.
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perquè solia córrer molt per guanyar títols en el món del tennis, etc.
03:10
But I joined the Indian Police Service,
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Però vaig entrar al cos de policia
03:13
and then it was a new pattern of policing.
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i, així, va començar un nou model d'actuació policial.
03:16
For me the policing stood for power to correct,
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Per a mi, fer de policia és usar la força per fer el correcte,
03:18
power to prevent and power to detect.
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usar la força per prevenir i usar la força per detectar.
03:21
This is something like a new definition ever given in policing in India --
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I aquesta és una definició que mai no havia aparegut a l'Índia --
03:24
the power to prevent.
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la força per prevenir.
03:26
Because normally it was always said, power to detect, and that's it,
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Perquè normalment, sempre deiem, la força per detectar
03:28
or power to punish.
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o per castigar.
03:30
But I decided no, it's a power to prevent,
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Però jo vaig decidir que no, que l'ús de la força havia de ser per prevenir,
03:33
because that's what I learned when I was growing up.
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perquè això és el que vaig aprendre mentre creixia.
03:35
How do I prevent the 10 and never make it more than 10?
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Però, com m'ho feia per prevenir el 10 i no fer mai més que el 10?
03:38
So this was how it came into my service,
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Doncs així, és com vaig entrar al servei,
03:41
and it was different from the men.
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i fou diferent de com ho feien els homes.
03:43
I didn't want to make it different from the men, but it was different,
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Jo no volia fer res diferent del que feien els homes, però era diferent,
03:46
because this was the way I was different.
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perquè aquesta era la manera com jo era diferent.
03:49
And I redefined policing concepts in India.
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I d'aquesta manera vaig redefinir la concepció policial a l'Índia.
03:52
I'm going to take you on two journeys,
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I ara, us parlaré de dues històries,
03:54
my policing journey and my prison journey.
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una com a policia i l'altre com a funcionària de presons.
03:56
What you see, if you see the title
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Com podeu veure, si veieu el títol
03:59
called "PM's car held."
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podeu llegir "bloquejat el cotxe del Primer Ministre".
04:01
This was the first time a prime minister of India
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Era la primera vegada que un primer ministre
04:04
was given a parking ticket.
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era sancionat per aparcar malament.
04:06
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
04:08
That's the first time in India,
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La primera vegada a l'Índia,
04:10
and I can tell you, that's the last time you're hearing about it.
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i us puc assegurar, que va ser la darrera que s'ha pogut sentir una notícia semblant.
04:13
It'll never happen again in India,
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I no tornarà a passar a l'Índia,
04:15
because now it was once and forever.
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perquè fou única i irrepetible.
04:18
And the rule was, because I was sensitive,
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I la norma hi era, i jo era sensible a la norma,
04:20
I was compassionate, I was very sensitive to injustice,
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Jo era compassiva i molt sensible a la injustícia,
04:23
and I was very pro-justice.
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i era una total defensora de la justícia.
04:25
That's the reason, as a woman, I joined the Indian Police Service.
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Aquella era la raó, per la qual una dona com jo havia entrat en un cos policial a l'Índia.
04:27
I had other options, but I didn't choose them.
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Tenia altres opcions, però vaig escollir aquesta.
04:29
So I'm going to move on.
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Així que seguiré endavant.
04:31
This is about tough policing, equal policing.
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Aquesta història fa referència a la dualitat entre policia dur i policia just.
04:33
Now I was known as "here's a woman that's not going to listen."
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A aquestes alçades jo era coneguda com "la dona que no escoltarà"
04:36
So I was sent to all indiscriminate postings,
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Així que em van destinar als pitjors llocs possibles,
04:38
postings which others would say no.
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aquells als quals altra gent diria que no.
04:40
I now went to a prison assignment as a police officer.
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I un d'aquest fou anar a la presó com a agent de policia.
04:43
Normally police officers don't want to do prison.
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Habitualment, els agents de policia no volen anar a les presons.
04:45
They sent me to prison to lock me up,
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M'hi varen enviar per tenir-me tancada,
04:47
thinking, "Now there will be no cars
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pensant, "Allà no hi haurà cotxes
04:49
and no VIPs to be given tickets to.
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i, per tant, no hi haurà personal privilegiat a qui pugui multar.
04:51
Let's lock her up."
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Empresonem-la"
04:53
Here I got a prison assignment.
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Per tant, vaig ser destinada a una presó.
04:55
This was a prison assignment which was one big den of criminals.
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La meva destinació penitenciaria havia de ser un gran fossat ple de delinqüents.
04:58
Obviously, it was.
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I, ho fou, sense cap mena de dubte.
05:00
But 10,000 men,
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10.000 homes,
05:02
of which only 400 were women -- 10,000 --
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per tan sols 400 dones -- 10.000 --
05:05
9,000 plus about 600
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potser la proporció era de 600 dones per 9.000
05:07
were men.
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homes.
05:09
Terrorists, rapists,
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Terroristes, violadors,
05:11
burglars, gangsters --
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lladres, mafiosos --
05:13
some of them I'd sent to jail
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alguns, fins i tot, havia estat jo qui els havia enviat a la presó
05:15
as a police officer outside.
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quan feia d'agent de seguretat ciutadana.
05:17
And then how did I deal with them?
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I ara com tractava amb ells?
05:19
The first day when I went in,
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El primer dia quan vaig arribar,
05:21
I didn't know how to look at them.
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no sabia com mirar-los.
05:23
And I said, "Do you pray?" When I looked at the group, I said, "Do you pray?"
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I els vaig dir "reseu?" . De fet, vaig mirar al grup i els vaig dir "reseu?"
05:26
They saw me as a young, short woman wearing a pathan suit.
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Ells em veien com una dona jove, vestida amb un tradicional vestit curt pathanès (Zona de l'Índia).
05:28
I said, "Do you pray?"
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I que els deia "reseu?"
05:30
And they didn't say anything.
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I no van dir res.
05:32
I said, "Do you pray? Do you want to pray?"
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I jo vaig dir "reseu?" "Us ve de gust resar?"
05:34
They said, "Yes." I said, "All right, let's pray."
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I respongueren "Sí". Jo els vaig dir: "Molt bé doncs, resem"
05:37
I prayed for them, and things started to change.
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I vaig resar per ells... I la cosa va començar a canviar.
05:39
This is a visual of education inside the prison.
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Aquesta és una representació visual de l'educació dins de la presó.
05:42
Friends, this has never happened,
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Amics, això no ha passat mai,
05:44
where everybody in the prison studies.
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que tothom estudiï a la presó.
05:46
I started this with community support.
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Vaig començar a treballar en suport a la comunitat.
05:48
Government had no budget.
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Sense pressupost del govern.
05:50
It was one of the finest, largest volunteerism
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Va ser un dels millors i més llargs actes de voluntarisme
05:52
in any prison in the world.
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a una presó a nivell mundial.
05:54
This was initiated in Delhi prison.
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Va començar a la presó de Delhi.
05:56
You see one sample
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Aquí veieu un exemple
05:58
of a prisoner teaching a class.
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d'un presoner a classe.
06:01
These are hundreds of classes.
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Aquí podeu veure centenars a classe.
06:03
Nine to eleven, every prisoner went into the education program --
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De nou a onze, cada presoner realitzava el seu programa educatiu --
06:06
the same den in which they thought
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Al mateix lloc on probablement abans pensaven
06:08
they would put me behind the bar and things would be forgotten.
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a posar-me a una barra de bar i s'oblidarien de tot.
06:11
We converted this into an ashram --
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Vam convertir això en un ashram (Monestir hindú) -
06:13
from a prison to an ashram through education.
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vam fer d'una presó un ashram a través de l'educació.
06:16
I think that's the bigger change.
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I penso que aquest és el gran canvi
06:18
It was the beginning of a change.
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Era el començament del canvi
06:20
Teachers were prisoners. Teachers were volunteers.
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Els professors eren presos voluntaris.
06:23
Books came from donated schoolbooks.
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Rebíem llibres donats.
06:25
Stationery was donated.
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El material escolar també era un donatiu.
06:27
Everything was donated,
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De fet, tot era un donatiu.
06:29
because there was no budget of education for the prison.
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Perquè no hi havia cap partida pressupostària per a l'educació penitenciària.
06:32
Now if I'd not done that,
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Ara, si no hagués fet tot això,
06:34
it would have been a hellhole.
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hauria estat l'infern.
06:36
That's the second landmark.
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Aquesta és la segona fita.
06:38
I want to show you some moments of history in my journey,
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Vull mostrar-vos alguns passatges de la història del meu viatge
06:40
which probably you would never ever get to see anywhere in the world.
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els quals problablement no arribaríeu mai a veure enlloc del planeta.
06:43
One, the numbers you'll never get to see.
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Un, els nombres que mai no veureu.
06:45
Secondly, this concept.
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Dos, aquest concepte.
06:47
This was a meditation program inside the prison
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Aquest és un programa de meditació dins la presó
06:49
of over 1,000 prisoners.
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per més de 1.000 presoners.
06:51
One thousand prisoners who sat in meditation.
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1.000 presos asseguts meditant.
06:53
This was one of the most courageous steps
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Fou un dels passos més encoratjadors
06:56
I took as a prison governor.
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Vaig prendre possessió del càrrec de directora de la presó.
06:58
And this is what transformed.
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I això fou el que vaig transformar.
07:00
You want to know more about this,
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Si voleu conèixer més sobre aquesta història,
07:02
go and see this film, "Doing Time, Doing Vipassana."
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veieu la pel·lícula, "Doing Time, Doing Vipassana."
07:05
You will hear about it, and you will love it.
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N'haureu sentit a parlar, i la gaudireu.
07:07
And write to me on KiranBedi.com,
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o em podeu escriure a KiranBedi.com
07:09
and I'll respond to you.
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I us respondré.
07:11
Let me show you the next slide.
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Deixeu-me que us ensenyi la següent diapositiva.
07:13
I took the same concept of mindfulness,
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Vaig agafar el mateix concepte de mindfulness (total atenció),
07:15
because, why did I bring meditation into the Indian prison?
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perquè, la pregunta era per què vaig portar la meditació a l'àmbit penitenciari?
07:18
Because crime is a product of a distorted mind.
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Perquè el crim és producte d'una ment esbiaxada
07:21
It was distortion of mind which needed to be addressed to control.
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I una ment esbiaxada necessita ser readreçada.
07:24
Not by preaching, not by telling,
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No predicant, no amb discursos,
07:26
not by reading, but by addressing your mind.
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no a través de la lectura, sinó adreçant la ment.
07:28
I took the same thing to the police,
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I he pres el mateix concepte vers el rol policial,
07:30
because police, equally, were prisoners of their minds,
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perquè els agents de policia, de la mateixa manera, eren presos de les seves ments
07:33
and they felt as if it was "we" and "they,"
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se sentien com si hi hagués un "nosaltres" i un "ells",
07:35
and that the people don't cooperate.
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i per això no cooperaven.
07:37
This worked.
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Això funcionà.
07:39
This is a feedback box called a petition box.
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Aquesta és una caixa de retroalimentació que vaig anomenar "petition box"
07:41
This is a concept which I introduced
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És un concepte que vaig introduir
07:43
to listen to complaints, listen to grievances.
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per escoltar queixes.
07:46
This was a magic box.
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Era una caixa màgica,
07:48
This was a sensitive box.
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i sensible.
07:50
This is how a prisoner drew how they felt about the prison.
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Així és com un presoner dibuixava com se sentia a la presó.
07:53
If you see somebody in the blue --
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Si mireu el blau --
07:55
yeah, this guy --
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si, aquest noi --
07:57
he was a prisoner, and he was a teacher.
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era un presoner, i era un professor.
07:59
And you see, everybody's busy. There was no time to waste.
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I com podeu comprovar, tothom està ocupat. No hi havia temps a perdre.
08:02
Let me wrap it up.
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Permetin-me que ho resumeixi.
08:04
I'm currently into movements,
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Actualment estic involucrada en moviments socials,
08:06
movements of education
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moviments educatius
08:08
of the under-served children,
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per a nens desatesos,
08:10
which is thousands -- India is all about thousands.
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els quals a l'Índia es compten per milers.
08:13
Secondly is about the anti-corruption movement in India.
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També, estic involucrada en moviments anti-corrupció.
08:15
That's a big way
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És una gran tasca
08:17
we, as a small group of activists,
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perquè som un petit grup d'activistes,
08:19
have drafted an ombudsman bill for the government of India.
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em redactat un projecte de llei per a la creació del defensor del poble a l'Índia.
08:22
Friends, you will hear a lot about it.
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Amics, volia que coneguéssiu sobre tots aquests temes.
08:25
That's the movement at the moment I'm driving,
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Dels moviments en els quals estic involucrada,
08:27
and that's the movement and ambition of my life.
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i dels moviments i ambicions de la meva vida.
08:30
Thank you very much.
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Moltes Gràcies.
08:32
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
08:34
Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you.
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Gràcies, moltes gràcies. Gràcies.
08:37
Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.
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Gràcies. Gràcies. Gràcies.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kiran Bedi - Corrections pioneerKiran Bedi was one of India's top cops -- tough, innovative and committed to social change. Now retired from the national police force, Bedi runs two NGOs that benefit rural and urban poor.
Why you should listen
Before she retired in 2007, Kiran Bedi was one of India’s top cops. As the first and highest-ranking female officer in the national police force, she earned a reputation for being tough yet innovative on the job. Her efforts to prevent crime, reform prisons, end drug abuse, and support women’s causes earned her a Roman Magsaysay Award, the Asian equivalent of the Nobel Prize. Bedi also served as a police adviser to the UN Secretary General.
In retirement, Bedi has become one of the most trusted and admired community leaders in India. She advocates for social change and civic responsibility through her books, columns, and a popular reality-TV show. She reaches out to more than 10,000 people daily through her two NGOs, Navjyoti and India Vision Foundation, which provide education, training, counseling and health care to the urban and rural poor. Her latest initiative, Mission Safer India, aims to ensure that police log and address citizen complaints. Her life is the subject of the 2008 documentary Yes, Madam Sir, narrated by Helen Mirren.
Kiran Bedi | Speaker | TED.com