TEDIndia 2009
Harsha Bhogle: The rise of cricket, the rise of India
哈沙·波戈（Harsha Bhogle）：板球的興盛，印度的興盛
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一個重大的全球性文化現象：板球評論家哈沙·波戈敘述一局20回合的快速板球"20-20"和現代印度同時興起的故事。他從板球在英國的起源，描繪到現今球隊的名流老闆及球員價值百萬美金的合約
Harsha Bhogle - Cricket commentator
Harsha Bhogle can talk about the business side of cricket, the technicalities of play and the psychology of the players with equal authority. Full bio
Harsha Bhogle can talk about the business side of cricket, the technicalities of play and the psychology of the players with equal authority. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So, what I'm going to do is
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我要為大家介紹的是
00:17
just give you the latest episode of India's --
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最新一集的印度連續劇
00:19
maybe the world's -- longest running soap opera,
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這也可能是世界上最長的一齣連續劇
00:22
which is cricket.
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那就是－－板球
00:24
And may it run forever, because it gives people like me a living.
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它可能永遠不會播完結篇，因為有像我一樣的人還得靠它吃飯
00:27
It's got everything that you'd want a normal soap opera to want:
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它也跟一般的連續劇一樣，包含了所有的要素
00:32
It's got love, joy, happiness,
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有愛、歡樂、幸福
00:34
sadness, tears, laughter,
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有悲傷、淚水、歡笑
00:36
lots of deceit, intrigue.
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也有一籮筐的騙局和陰謀
00:38
And like all good soaps, it jumps 20 years
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也像所有好看的連續劇一樣，當觀眾想換換口味時
00:40
when the audience interest changes.
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它也可以快轉個20年
00:42
And that's exactly what cricket has done.
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這正是板球帶給我們的
00:44
It's jumped 20 years
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它快轉了20年
00:46
into 20-over game.
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出現了一局只打20回合的比賽
00:48
And that's what I'm going to talk about,
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這就是今天的主題
00:50
how a small change
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一個小小的改變
00:52
leads to a very big revolution.
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如何引起一場大革命
00:54
But it wasn't always like that.
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不過，也不是一向如此
00:56
Cricket wasn't always this
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板球不是一直都像現在
00:58
speed-driven generations game.
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是個速食族群的比賽
01:00
There was a time when you played cricket,
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曾經，在板球比賽中
01:02
you played timeless test matches,
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也曾打過不限時的對抗賽
01:04
when you played on till the game got over.
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就一直打、打到有結果為止
01:07
And there was this game in March 1939
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就像1939年3月的一場比賽
01:10
that started on the third of March
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3月3日開賽
01:12
and ended on the 14th of March.
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一直打到3月14日才結束
01:14
And it only ended because the English cricketers
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比賽結束的原因是因為英格蘭隊隊員
01:17
had to go from Durban to Cape Town,
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不得不從德班（南非一城市）搭兩個小時的火車
01:19
which is a two-hour train journey,
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到開普敦（南非首府）去
01:21
to catch the ship that left on the 17th,
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趕一班17日要離港的船
01:24
because the next ship wasn't around for a long time.
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因為，還要很久才會再有下一班船
01:26
So, the match was ended in between.
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因此，比賽被迫中止
01:29
And one of the English batsmen said, "You know what?
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英格蘭隊的一位打擊手說：「你知道嗎？
01:31
Another half an hour and we would have won."
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要是再多半個小時，我們就會贏了」
01:33
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:36
Another half an hour after 12 days.
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12天後，那半個小時到來了
01:38
There were two Sundays in between. But of course, Sundays are church days,
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但這中間包括了兩個星期天。因為星期天要上教堂
01:42
so you don't play on Sundays. And one day it rained,
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所以不比賽。此外還有其中一天下雨
01:44
so they all sat around making friends with each other.
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所以他們就坐一起交個朋友
01:46
But there is a reason why India fell in love with cricket:
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印度人會愛上板球的原因
01:48
because we had about the same pace of life.
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是因為它和我們生活的步調一致
01:52
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:54
The Mahabharata was like that as well, wasn't it?
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摩訶婆羅多就是這樣，不是嗎？（梵文史詩，世上最長史詩之一）
01:56
You fought by day, then it was sunset,
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天亮時開戰，直到太陽下山
02:01
so everyone went back home.
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就各自回家
02:03
And then you worked out your strategy,
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去策劃你的戰略
02:05
and you came and fought the next day, and you went back home again.
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隔天回到戰場，然後天黑時又再回家
02:08
The only difference between the Mahabharata and our cricket was
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摩訶婆羅多和板球唯一的不同點
02:10
that in cricket, everybody was alive to come back and fight the next day.
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是在板球比賽中，所有人都活著回家，然後隔天再戰
02:13
Princes patronize the game,
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王公貴族們都會支持球賽
02:15
not because they love the game,
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但並不是因為他們熱愛板球
02:17
but because it was a means of ingratiating themselves
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而是因為他們可以藉此
02:19
to the British rulers.
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來融入英國統治者的圈圈
02:21
But there is one other reason why India fell in love with cricket,
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還有另一個原因讓印度人愛上板球
02:23
which was, all you needed was a plank of wood
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那就是，你只需要一塊木板
02:25
and a rubber ball, and any number of people
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和一顆皮球，然後不管多少人
02:27
could play it anywhere.
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你都可以在任何地方玩
02:29
Take a look:
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請看
02:31
You could play it in the dump
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你可以在垃圾場裡打
02:33
with some rocks over there,
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還有一些石頭在那兒咧
02:36
you could play it in a little alley --
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你也可以在小巷子裡打
02:38
you couldn't hit square anywhere, because the bat hit the wall;
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但你沒辦法九十度揮棒，因為你會打到牆
02:40
don't forget the air conditioning and the cable wires.
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別忘了，還要小心那些冷氣機和天線
02:42
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:43
You could play it on the banks of the Ganges --
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你也可以在恆河岸邊打
02:46
that's as clean as the Ganges has been for a long time.
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恆河已經這麼乾淨很久了
02:48
Or you could play many games in one small patch of land,
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也可以在一塊小場地上同時進行好幾場比賽
02:50
even if you didn't know which game you were actually in.
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就算你可能不知道你到底是在打哪一場
02:52
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:55
As you can see, you can play anywhere.
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如你所見，隨處都可以打板球
02:57
But slowly the game moved on,
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但，漸漸地，球賽有所進化
02:59
you know, finally.
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嗯，終於！
03:01
You don't always have five days. So, we moved on,
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畢竟不是大家都有五天的時間悠哉打球。所以，板球有了進化
03:03
and we started playing 50-over cricket.
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開始有了50回合的比賽（一局50回合）
03:05
And then an enormous accident took place.
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接著，一項重大事件發生了
03:08
In Indian sport we don't make things happen,
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通常在印度，我們不強求事情發生
03:10
accidents happen and we're in the right place at the right time, sometimes.
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事情只是在對的地點、對的時間、恰巧發生了
03:13
And we won this World Cup in 1983.
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就這樣，我們贏了1983年的世界盃
03:16
And suddenly we fell in love with the 50-over game,
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剎那間，也愛上了50回合的單日賽
03:19
and we played it virtually every day.
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我們每一天都打板球
03:21
There was more 50-over cricket than anywhere.
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50回合的賽事比哪兒都多
03:23
But there was another big date.
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但還有另一個重要的日子
03:25
1983 was when we won the World Cup.
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1983年是我們贏得世界盃之時
03:28
1991,'92, we found a finance minister
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而1991,、92年，來了一位財務大臣
03:30
and a prime minister
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和一位首相
03:32
willing to let the world look at India,
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想要讓世界看到真正的印度
03:34
rather than be this great country of intrigue
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而不只是看到一個神祕
03:36
and mystery in this closed country.
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且封閉的國家
03:38
And so we allowed multinationals into India.
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於是，我們開放跨國公司進入印度
03:41
We cut customs duties, we reduced import duties,
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降低進出口關稅
03:43
and we got all the multinationals coming in,
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所有的跨國公司都來了
03:45
with multinational budgets,
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他們帶著大筆的預算
03:47
who looked at per-capita income
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他們看著印度人民的個人所得
03:49
and got very excited about the possibilities in India,
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而對印度的發展可能性感到樂觀
03:52
and were looking for a vehicle to reach every Indian.
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也試著尋找一個可以深入印度人民的媒介
03:55
And there are only two vehicles in India -- one real, one scripted.
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要深入民心的方法只有兩種：一個是真實的，一個是要對著稿子的
03:58
The scripted one is what you see in the movies,
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要對著稿子的是電影
04:00
the real one was cricket.
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而真實的就是板球了
04:01
And so one of my friends sitting right here in front of me,
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我一位朋友，現在就坐在我正前方－－
04:03
Ravi Dhariwal from Pepsi, decided he's going to take it
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百事集團（Pepsi）的拉維·塔里弗（Ravi Tarival），決定把板球
04:06
all over the world.
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帶到全世界
04:08
And Pepsi was this big revolution, because they started taking cricket all over.
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百事掀起了這場革命；他們開始把板球推展到各地
04:11
And so cricket started becoming big;
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板球活動於是變得壯大
04:13
cricket started bringing riches in.
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板球將財富帶進印度
04:15
Television started covering cricket. For a long time
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電視台開始轉播板球。很久以來，
04:17
television said, "We won't cover cricket
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電視台總說：「我們不會轉播板球，
04:19
unless you pay us to cover it."
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除非你們付錢請我們播」
04:21
Then they said, "OK,
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他們說：「好」
04:23
the next rights are sold for 55 million dollars.
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下個轉播權，賣了5500萬美金
04:25
The next rights are sold for 612 million dollars."
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下個轉播權，賣了6億1200百萬美金
04:27
So, it's a bit of a curve, that.
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有點像曲線一樣往上升
04:30
And then another big accident happened in our cricket.
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接著，又一項重大事件發生了
04:33
England invented 20 overs cricket,
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英格蘭發明了20回合制的板球比賽
04:35
and said, "The world must play 20 overs cricket."
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然後宣布：「全世界都得打20回合制的板球」
04:37
Just as England invented cricket, and made the rest of the world play it.
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就因為英格蘭發明了板球，然後要全世界都一起玩
04:40
Thank God for them.
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真是謝謝老天爺呀～
04:42
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:43
And so, India had to go and play the T20 World Cup, you see.
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也因此，印度得去參加T20（20回合制）的世界盃
04:46
India didn't want to play the T20 World Cup.
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印度根本不想去參加T20世界盃
04:49
But we were forced to play it by an 8-1 margin.
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但八比一的投票結果，我們被迫去參加
04:51
And then something very dramatic happened.
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結果，很戲劇性的事發生了
04:53
We got to the final, and then this moment,
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我們打進決賽，而這一刻
04:55
that will remain enshrined forever,
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會永遠的被所有人
04:57
for everybody, take a look.
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銘記在心～請看
04:59
(Crowd cheering)
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（群眾歡呼聲）
05:02
The Pakistani batsman trying to clear the fielder.
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巴基斯坦的打擊手試著打超過外野手
05:04
Announcer: And Zishan takes it! India wins!
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播音員：「被茲杉（Zishan）接殺了！印度奪冠！」
05:06
What a match for a Twenty20 final.
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多精采的一場20-20決賽啊
05:09
India, the world champions.
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印度隊，世界冠軍
05:11
(Cheering)
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（歡呼聲）
05:12
India, T20 champions.
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印度隊，T20冠軍
05:15
But what a game we had, M. S. Dhoni
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多精采的一場比賽啊，我們的M S Dhoni
05:18
got it right in the air, but Misbah-ul-Haq, what a player.
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直接接住那球。而巴基斯坦的Misbah-ul-Haq，也是個不可多得的好手
05:21
A massive, massive success:
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大大的勝利
05:23
India, the world TT champions.
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印度隊，TT世界冠軍
05:29
Harsha Bhogle: Suddenly India discovered this power of 20-overs cricket.
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瞬時間，印度發現了20回合制板球的威力
05:33
The accident, of course, there, was that the batsman
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整件事會發生，當然是因為那個巴基斯坦打擊手
05:35
thought the bowler was bowling fast.
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還以為我們的投手有辦法投快速球
05:37
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:38
If he had bowled fast, the ball would have gone where it was meant to go,
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如果真的投快速球的話，那球就真的會被打到預期的位置了
05:40
but it didn't go. And we suddenly discovered
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可是它沒有。所以我們突然發覺到
05:43
that we could be good at this game.
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我們有辦法打板球打很好
05:45
And what it also did was
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除此之外
05:47
it led to a certain pride in the fact that India could be the best in the world.
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也讓我們有了「印度也能是世界第一」的自信
05:50
It was at a time when investment was coming in,
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那時，外資開始湧入
05:52
India was feeling a little more confident about itself.
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印度也對自己稍微比較有信心了
05:54
And so there was a feeling that there was great pride
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我們也對自己能做到的事
05:57
in what we can do.
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感到驕傲
05:59
And thankfully for all of us,
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另外，值得感謝的是
06:01
the English are very good at inventing things,
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英國人很愛發明新東西
06:03
and then the gracious people that they are,
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而他們又很仁慈地
06:05
they let the world become very good at it.
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讓全世界的人都能玩得很上手
06:07
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:09
And so England invented T20 cricket,
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就像他們發明了T20板球
06:14
and allowed India to hijack it.
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然後就讓印度把它直接憑空帶走
06:16
It was not like reengineering that we do in medicine,
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不是像對藥物還會再改造加工
06:18
we just took it straight away, as is.
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而是直接原封不動的拿去用
06:20
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
06:22
And so, we launched our own T20 league.
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於是，我們推出了我們自己的T20聯賽
06:24
Six weeks, city versus city.
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六週間，城市對城市的比賽
06:27
It was a new thing for us. We had only ever supported our country --
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這是全新的體驗。過去我們只有支持過國家隊
06:29
the only two areas in which India was very proud about
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印度對自己國家感到驕傲的
06:31
their country, representing itself on the field.
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只有在兩個領域裡
06:34
One was war, the Indian army, which we don't like to happen very often.
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一是印度國民軍，但我們可不想戰爭常發生
06:37
The other was Indian cricket.
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再者，就是印度板球隊了
06:39
Now, suddenly we had to support city leagues.
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現在，突然間，我們得支持自己城市的球隊了
06:42
But the people getting into these city leagues
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不過主導這些城市聯賽的人
06:45
were people who were taking their cues from the West.
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都是照著西方的方式運作
06:47
America is a home of leagues. And they said,
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畢竟美國是聯賽的大本營。他們說：
06:49
"Right, we'll build some glitzy leagues here in India."
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「好，我們在印度搞一些超強的聯賽吧」
06:51
But was India ready for it?
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可是，印度準備好了嗎？
06:53
Because cricket, for a long time in India was always organized.
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長久以來，板球活動在印度都是官方策劃的
06:56
It was never promoted, it was never sold -- it was organized.
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從來沒有被宣傳過、被商品化過
06:59
And look what they did with our beautiful, nice,
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好啦，看看他們對我們善良、單純的家庭比賽
07:02
simple family game.
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做了什麼好事
07:04
All of a sudden, you had that happening.
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突然間，一切都發生了
07:07
(Music)
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（音樂）
07:24
An opening ceremony to match every other.
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每場比賽都有個開幕儀式
07:26
This was an India that was buying Corvettes. This was an India that was buying Jaguar.
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這是一位印度人買了雪佛蘭汽車。另一位買了捷豹（積架）汽車。
07:29
This was an India that was adding more mobile phones per month
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這一位每個月賣出的手機
07:32
than New Zealand's population twice over.
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比紐西蘭人口的兩倍還多
07:34
So, it was a different India.
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這是一個截然不同的印度
07:36
But it was also a slightly more orthodox India
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但也是一個比較傳統的國家
07:39
that was very happy to be modern,
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雖對現代化感到開心
07:41
but didn't want to say that to people.
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但又不想跟別人說
07:44
And so, they were aghast when the cheerleaders arrived.
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所以，當啦啦隊出現時，他們嚇傻了
07:46
Everyone secretly watched them, but everyone claimed not to.
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每個人都偷偷看，但又不想承認
07:49
(Music)
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（音樂）
08:11
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
08:13
The new owners of Indian cricket were not the old princes.
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球隊的新老闆不是以前那些王公貴族
08:16
They were not bureaucrats who were forced
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也不是被逼來當老闆的官僚們
08:18
into sport because they didn't actually love it;
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那些人其實根本不愛板球
08:20
these were people who ran serious companies.
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現在這些都是大企業經營者
08:22
And so they started promoting cricket big time,
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他們開始大力地推行板球
08:25
started promoting clubs big time.
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大力地宣傳球隊
08:27
And they've started promoting them with huge money behind it.
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用大量的資金來宣傳
08:30
I mean the IPL had 2.3 billion dollars
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甚至在球賽開打前
08:32
before a ball was bowled,
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印度超級板球聯賽就已有2.3億的資金
08:35
1.6 billion dollars for television revenue over 10 years,
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其中，1.6億是10年電視轉播權的盈收
08:38
and another 70 million dollars plus from all these franchises
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另外加上賣出7000萬的經銷權
08:41
that were putting in money. And then they had to appeal to their cities,
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接著他們要號召各個城市
08:44
but they had to do it like the West, right? Because we are setting up leagues.
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但他們又得辦得像在西方一樣，對吧？因為始終他們是要搞聯賽嘛
08:47
But what they were very good at doing
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不過他們的強項是在於
08:49
was making it very localized.
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把它辦得十分本土化
08:53
So, just to give you an example of how they did it --
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給大家看個例子
08:55
not Manchester United style promotion,
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宣傳手法不是「曼聯式」的
08:57
but very Mumbai style promotion. Take a look.
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而是非常「孟買式」的，請看
09:00
(Music)
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（音樂）
09:45
Of course, a lot of people said, "Maybe they dance better than they play."
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當然，很多人說：他們的舞技大概比球技厲害吧
09:48
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
09:50
But that's all right. What it did also is it changed the way we looked at cricket.
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不過，也是啦！這也將我們對板球的印象改觀了
09:54
All along, if you wanted a young cricketer,
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一直以來，如果你想要一個年輕的球員
09:56
you picked him up from the bylanes of your own little locality,
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你會從自己的城市、地方上的小巷子裡找一個
09:58
your own city, and you were very proud
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當然，這樣找選手的制度
10:00
of the system that produced those cricketers.
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還會讓你感到驕傲
10:02
Now, all of the sudden, if you were to bowl a shot --
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然而，突然之間，如果你少一名投手
10:04
if Mumbai were to bowl a shot, for example,
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以孟買來舉例，如果要找一名投手
10:07
they needn't go to Kalbadevi
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你不用只在喀巴德維（Kalbadevi）、
10:09
or Shivaji Park or somewhere to source them,
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或只在詩瓦及公園（Shivaji Park）這樣的地方找
10:11
they could go to Trinidad.
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你可以飛到千里達去找喔
10:13
This was the new India, wasn't it? This was the new world,
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這是個嶄新的印度，對吧？是個全新的世界
10:15
where you can source from anywhere
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只要你可以用最好的價錢、買到最好的選手
10:17
as long as you get the best product at the best price.
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你可以到世界各地挑選手
10:19
And all of a sudden, Indian sport had awakened to the reality
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突然間印度的運動甦醒、到了真實世界了
10:22
that you can source the best product for the best price
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你可以以最好的價格、買到最好的選手
10:24
anywhere in the world.
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在全世界都行
10:26
So, the Mumbai Indians flew in Dwayne Bravo from Trinidad and Tobago,
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於是，孟買印度人隊一夜間從千里達把Dwayne Bravo請來
10:28
overnight. And when he had to go back to represent
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當他得飛回去代表西印度群島隊出賽時
10:31
the West Indies, they asked him, "When do you have to reach?"
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球隊問他：「你什麼時候之前要抵達？」
10:35
He said, "I have to be there by a certain time, so I have to leave today."
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DB：「我得在某個時間出場，所以我今天必須離開這裡」
10:38
We said, "No, no, no. It's not about when you have to leave;
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球隊說：「不、不、不，問題不是你什麼時候離開這兒，
10:40
it's about when do you have to reach there?"
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而是你什麼時候要抵達那兒？」
10:43
And so he said, "I've got to reach on date X."
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DB說：「我一定要在x月x日之前抵達」
10:45
And they said, "Fine, you play to date X, minus one."
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球隊說：「那好，那你就可以打到x月x日的前一天」
10:48
So, he played in Hyderabad, went, straight after the game,
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於是，他在海德拉巴（印度第六大城）打完比賽，
10:51
went from the stadium to Hyderabad airport,
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直接從球場前往海德拉巴機場
10:53
sat in a private corporate jet -- first refueling in Portugal,
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搭乘球隊專用噴射機，先到葡萄牙加一次油
10:56
second refueling in Brazil; he was in West Indies in time.
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再到巴西加一次，然後準時抵達西印度群島隊
10:59
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
11:00
Never would India have thought on this scale before.
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從前的印度不可能會想到這個層次
11:04
Never would India have said, "I want a player to play
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也不可能會說：「我要一個球員幫我打一場球，
11:06
one game for me, and I will use a corporate jet
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然後我用噴射機，
11:09
to send him all the way back to Kingston, Jamaica
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把他送回牙買加的京斯敦，
11:11
to play a game."
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去打下一場球」
11:13
And I just thought to myself,
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我自己在想：
11:15
"Wow, we've arrived somewhere in the world, you know?
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「哇！我們到了不同的境界，你知道嗎？
11:17
We have arrived somewhere. We are thinking big."
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不同境界呀～我們有雄心壯志啊」
11:19
But what this also did was it started
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除此之外，這還在印度板球世界裡
11:21
marrying the two most important things in Indian cricket,
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撮合了兩項重要的東西
11:23
which is cricket and the movies in Indian entertainment.
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那就是板球和印度電影
11:26
There is cricket and the movies.
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這就是板球與電影的結合
11:28
And they came together because people in the movies
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他們之所以會結合，是因為電影明星們
11:30
now started owning clubs.
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開始成為球隊老闆
11:32
And so, people started going to the cricket to watch Preity Zinta.
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所以，人們開始到球場去看沛蒂·金塔（Preity Zinta，著名寶萊塢女演員）
11:36
They started going to the cricket to watch Shah Rukh Khan.
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去球場看夏路克·汗（Shahrukh Khan，著名寶萊塢男演員）
11:38
And something very interesting happened.
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然後，有趣的事發生了
11:40
We started getting song and dance in Indian cricket.
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我們開始把音樂和舞蹈帶進印度板球
11:43
And so it started resembling the Indian movies more and more.
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它跟寶萊塢電影越來越像
11:47
And of course, if you were on Preity Zinta's team --
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當然，如果你是在沛蒂·金塔的隊上
11:49
as you will see on the clip that follows -- if you did well,
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你可以看到，如果你表現的好的話
11:51
you got a hug from Preity Zinta.
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沛蒂會給你一個愛的抱抱
11:53
So that was the ultimate reason to do well. Take a look --
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正是你把球打好的終極目的。請看
11:56
everyone's watching Preity Zinta.
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大家都目不轉睛的盯著沛蒂
11:58
(Music)
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（音樂）
12:16
And then of course there was Shah Rukh playing the Kolkata crowd.
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當然，也有夏路克和他的球隊－加爾各達隊
12:19
We'd all seen matches in Kolkata,
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我們都看過加爾各達隊的比賽
12:21
but we'd never seen anything like this:
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但是從沒看過這個
12:23
Shah Rukh, with the Bengali song, getting the audiences all worked up
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夏路克和孟加拉歌曲，鼓舞整場觀眾
12:26
for Kolkata -- not for India, but for Kolkata.
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為加爾各達隊加油，而不是為印度隊唷
12:29
But take a look at this.
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再看看這個
12:31
(Music)
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（音樂）
12:47
An Indian film star hugging a Pakistani cricketer
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印度影星和巴基斯坦球員互相擁抱
12:49
because they'd won in Kolkata.
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正因為他們剛在加爾各達贏了球
12:52
Can you imagine?
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你能想像嗎？
12:54
And do you know what the Pakistani cricketer said?
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你知道那位巴基斯坦球員說了什麼嗎？
12:56
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
12:58
"I wish I was playing for Preity Zinta's team."
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「我真希望我是在沛蒂·金塔的隊上...」
13:00
(Laughter)
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5000
（笑聲）
13:05
But I thought I'd take this opportunity --
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我想藉這個機會
13:07
there's a few people from Pakistan in here.
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在座有些巴基斯坦來的朋友
13:09
I'm so happy that you're here
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我真的很開心你們在這兒
13:11
because I think we can show that we can both be together and be friends, right?
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因為這能證明說我們是可以和平相處、當朋友的
13:14
We can play cricket together, we can be friends.
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我們可以一起打板球、當好朋友
13:16
So thank you very much for coming, all of you from Pakistan.
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所以，很感謝在座每一位從巴基斯坦來的朋友
13:18
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
13:22
There was criticism too because they said,
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不過，也有這樣的評論：
13:24
"Players are being bought and sold?
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「球員可以被拿來做買賣？
13:26
Are they grain?
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難道他們是榖物嗎？
13:28
Are they cattle?"
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是牛嗎？」
13:31
Because we had this auction, you see.
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因為我們有這樣的拍賣會
13:33
How do you fix a price for a player?
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你要怎們幫一位球員定價呢？
13:36
And so the auction that followed
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於是就有這樣的拍賣會
13:38
literally had people saying,
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千真萬確的這樣說
13:40
"Bang! so many million dollars for so-and-so player."
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成交！多少多少百萬美金、標得哪位哪位球員
13:43
There it is.
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就像這樣
13:45
(Music)
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（音樂）
13:50
Auctioneer: Going at 1,500,000 dollars. Chennai.
296
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拍賣官：「金奈隊（Chennai）出價150萬美金...
13:57
Shane Warne sold for 450,000 dollars.
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6000
夏恩·沃恩（Shane Warne）45萬美金成交」
14:04
HB: Suddenly, a game which earned its players 50 rupees a day --
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過去，一場比賽一天可以幫球員賺進50盧比
14:08
so 250 rupees for a test match,
299
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一場五天的對抗賽的話，就是250盧比
14:10
but if you finish in four days you only got 200.
300
835000
4000
但如果四天就打完了，你只能拿200
14:14
The best Indian players who played every test match --
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每場對抗賽都出賽的最佳印度球員、
14:16
every one of the internationals, the top of the line players --
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來自各國的、最頂尖的選手
14:18
standard contracts are 220,000 dollars in a whole year.
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當時標準的合約是每年22萬美金
14:21
Now they were getting 500,000 for six days' work.
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2000
但現在，他們光打六天就賺進50萬
14:23
Then Andrew Flintoff came by from England,
305
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2000
安德魯·福林托夫（Andrew Flintoff）從英格蘭飛來
14:25
he got one and a half million dollars, and he went back and said,
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3000
賺了150萬美金，然後他回去說：
14:28
"For four weeks, I'm earning more than Frank Lampard and Steven Gerrard,
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「四週內，我就賺的比法蘭克·蘭帕德和史蒂芬·傑拉德還多囉（均為英超足球選手）
14:31
and I'm earning more than the footballers, wow."
308
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2000
我比足球明星賺的多㖿～哇！」
14:33
And where was he earning it from? From a little club in India.
309
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安德魯是在哪裡賺的呢？是一個印度的小小球隊㖿
14:36
Could you have imagined that day would come?
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你有辦法想像、真會有這一天的到來嗎？
14:39
One and a half million dollars for six weeks' work.
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六天150萬美金
14:41
That's not bad, is it?
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2000
還不錯，對吧？
14:45
So, at 2.3 billion dollars before the first ball was bowled.
313
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而開賽前2.3億的資金呢
14:48
What India was doing, though, was benchmarking
314
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印度做的是把自己和全世界最頂尖的
14:50
itself against the best in the world,
315
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拿來做比較
14:52
and it became a huge brand.
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2000
結果它成了非常大的品牌
14:54
Lalit Modi was on the cover of Business Today.
317
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2000
拉利·墨帝（Lalit Modi）上了印度今日商業雜誌封面
14:56
IPL became the biggest brand in India
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2000
印度板球超級聯賽成為印度最大的品牌
14:58
and, because our elections, had to be moved to South Africa,
319
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但由於選舉的關係，我們得遷賽到南非
15:02
and we had to start the tournament in three weeks.
320
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2000
而且是必須在三週內舉行聯賽
15:04
Move a whole tournament to South Africa in three weeks.
321
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2000
把整個聯賽在三週內搬到南非去㖿
15:06
But we did it. You know why?
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但我們做到了。你知道為什麼嗎？
15:08
Because no country works as slowly as we do
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因為沒有國家跟我們的工作效率一樣低
15:10
till three weeks before an event,
324
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2000
但比賽前的那三週
15:12
and nobody works fast as we do in the last three weeks.
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2000
那三週，沒有人比我們做得快
15:14
(Applause)
326
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9000
（掌聲）
15:23
Our population, which for a long time we thought was a problem,
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印度人口，一直以來被視為一大問題
15:25
suddenly became our biggest asset
328
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2000
但，突然間，變成我們最大的資產
15:27
because there were more people watching --
329
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3000
因為有更多的人在看球
15:30
the huge consuming class --
330
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2000
就有廣大的消費階層
15:32
everybody came to watch the cricket.
331
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2000
每個人都來看板球比賽
15:34
We'd also made cricket the only sport in India,
332
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3000
我們把板球變成印度唯一的運動
15:37
which is a pity, but in India every other sport
333
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這很可惜，因為其他的運動
15:39
pushes cricket to become big,
334
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都把板球的推向成功之路
15:41
which is a bit of a tragedy of our times.
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但反而有點像個悲劇結果
15:43
Now, this last minute before I go --
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現在，在結束前的一點時間
15:45
there's a couple of side effects of all this.
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想告訴大家整個事件造成的副作用：
15:47
For a long time, India was this country of poverty,
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長久以來，印度一直是個貧窮的國家
15:50
dust, beggars,
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塵土飛揚、乞丐滿街、
15:53
snake charmers, filth,
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弄蛇人、骯髒景象到處是
15:55
Delhi belly -- people heard Delhi belly stories before they came.
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還有"德里肚"（Dehli Belly，在印度產生水土不服），旅客來之前都一定聽說過誰來過、拉肚子的故事
15:58
And, all of a sudden, India was this land of opportunity.
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但這兒突然變成一個充滿機會的國度
16:01
Cricketers all over the world said,
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全世界的板球選手都說：
16:03
"You know, we love India. We love to play in India."
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「我們愛印度，我們想要到印度打球」
16:06
And that felt good, you know?
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這感覺真的很好，你知道嗎！？
16:08
We said, "The dollar's quite powerful actually."
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我們說：「有錢真的好辦事哦～」
16:10
Can you imagine, you've got the dollar on view
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你能想像嗎？"錢"會是我們的話題之一呢～
16:12
and there's no Delhi belly in there anymore.
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而且也不再有人感染痢疾
16:15
There's no filth, there's no beggars, all the snake charmers have vanished,
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不再髒亂、沒有乞丐、弄蛇人也都消失了
16:18
everybody's gone. This tells you how the capitalist world rules.
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全都不見蹤影！這也說明了資本主義是怎麼運作的
16:23
Right so, finally,
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所以，終於，
16:26
an English game that India usurped a little bit,
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印度篡取的一個英國人發明的遊戲
16:30
but T20 is going to be the next missionary in the world.
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而T20要肩負起發揚板球的任務
16:33
If you want to take the game around the world,
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若想把板球比賽帶到世界各個角落
16:35
it's got to be the shortest form of the game.
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那一定得是最不耗時的版本
16:37
You can't take a timeless test to China and sit through 14 days with no result in the end,
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不可能把一個沒時限的對抗賽帶到中國，坐在那兒看了14天還沒結果
16:40
or you can't take it all over the world.
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這樣是不可能把它推向全世界的
16:42
So that's what T20 is doing.
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所以，這就是T20能做的
16:44
Hopefully, it'll make everyone richer, hopefully it'll make the game bigger
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希望它能讓大家過的更富裕、讓板球更盛行
16:47
and hopefully it'll give cricket commentators more time in the business.
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也希望它會帶給板球評論家更多評論的機會
16:49
Thank you very much. Thank you.
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謝謝大家！謝謝！
16:51
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Harsha Bhogle - Cricket commentatorHarsha Bhogle can talk about the business side of cricket, the technicalities of play and the psychology of the players with equal authority.
Why you should listen
IIM-A alum and former Rediffusion ad man Harsha Bhogle has been called “the voice of Indian cricket” -- he's India's premier cricket commentator and columnist. Beloved for his insightful patter, he writes a weekly cricket column for Indian Express and interviews top cricketers on ESPNStar's Harsha UnPlugged.
He's been the front man for ESPNStar cricket telecasts from the day they launched in India. Now he has taken to the corporate lecture circuit with his wife and business partner, Anita, applying the wisdom of the game to help companies develop compelling business strategies.
Harsha Bhogle | Speaker | TED.com